BMS F-16C/D 4.34, Flight Manual

Page: 207 / 234

T.O. BMS1F-16CM-1 BMS 4.34 Change 2.00
BMS 4.34 Dash 1
© Red Dog 2012-2019
Page: 207
3.5. GROUND EMERGENCIES
3.5.1 HUNG START / NO START
A hung start happens when the RPM does not increase past 20% (with JFS running) irrespective of
the idle detent keystroke or the throttle position (out of OFF). This is most likely a hardware problem
with your throttle (probably not correctly calibrated) or an idle detent keystroke problem. Abort the
aircraft and check your hardware / config settings.
3.5.2 ENGINE START IN BATTERY
Although not an emergency it is not uncommon to see virtual pilots trying to light up the engine on
battery power. Initial indication of a battery start is the ELEC SYS light on the caution panel remaining
on throughout the engine start (it will extinguish when RPM reaches 50% during a normal start).
Many virtual pilots miss this though and realise the situation only when the avionics (MFDs, UFC etc)
refuse to start. Unlike in 4.33 where a battery start had no consequence, in 4.34 battery start will most
likely induce hot or hung start. It is now therefore mandatory to start engine in MAIN power
3.5.3 HOT START
BMS 4.34 introduced the possibility of engine start failure due to pilot error. Advancing the throttle to
IDLE
before the JFS has spun the engine up to 20% RPM may cause a HOT START with FTIT rising
very quickly above the 800°C (PW) or 935° (GE) ground limits.
During engine start the pilot
must wait for engine RPM to reach 20% before moving the throttle to
IDLE, then closely monitor FTIT temperature. If the needle starts to move quickly to 750°C and above
a hot start is occurring and the engine must be immediately shut down. Failure to interrupt the engine
start will damage the engine, leading to engine fire with FTIT rising to well over 1000°C.
After moving the throttle back to the CUTOFF position (click idle detent if necessary) keep the JFS
running as it helps to cool down the engine. Allow FTIT to fall to 200°C before advancing the throttle
to IDLE to attempt another engine start.
In addition there is a small, random chance that even with no pilot error a HOT START could develop.
It is now mandatory to closely monitor FTIT during engine start and intervene if necessary.
Note: after 4 minutes running (on the ground) the JFS will start to overheat (JFS light will flash once
per second). After 8 minutes running (on the ground) the JFS will fail (light flashes twice per second)
and you will no longer be able to start the engine. To avoid this you should shut down the JFS if
necessary to let it cool (the lamp will stop flashing when it has cooled sufficiently), before asking your
crew chief to spend 3 minutes recharging it (ATC > Ground menu page).
3.5.4 OIL PRESSURE
During ramp start oil pressure should rise to a minimum of 15 psi. If it remains under 15 psi and the
HYD / OIL warning light stays illuminated as engine RPM reaches 35%, shut down the engine (throttle
back to CUTOFF - click idle detent if necessary) immediately to avoid engine seizure and/or fire.
You may try to clear the fault, allow engine RPM to drop below 20%. Leave the JFS on to cool the
engine at first then switch the JFS off as RPM approaches 25% to allow engine RPM to fall below
20%.
Once RPM has fallen below 20% you can recommence the engine start procedure. If the JFS will not
start you will need to ask your crew chief to recharge it (ATC > Ground menu page) first.