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Contents

of the system in consequence. There is no guarantee that the system will always work
correctly. Only the pilot is responsible for the control of the helicopter and thus also
for the use of the system. Note that the system for technical reasons will not hold the
helicopter absolutely to the point. The unstable tendency of a helicopter will cause the
model to fly in a certain direction even when using AttitudeControl. External influences
such as wind can further strengthen this effect. In addition measurement inaccuracies
of the sensors can distort the position determination slightly. You must always be able
to turn off the system immediately and be able to take over full control of the helicopter.

We suggest you to seek the support of an experienced helicopter pilot before

you undertake the first flight of your model.

Additionally, flight training with a

R/C simulator can help make flying easier and more enjoyable. Ask your local dealer
if you need technical support or if you observe problems during the usage of our system.

AttitudeControl can help to facilitate flying of model helicopters by briefly passing

over control to the system if the pilot becomes disoriented.

By using the built-in

artificial horizon the helicopter can be brought to a nearly horizontal position so that
the pilot gains time to reorient. Thus, there can be no assurance that the model is
saved from a crash in general. Depending on the current attitude and the speed of
the model and depending on how fast the AttitudeControl is activated, the model
may crash before or while the system tries to recover. In addition, the helicopter can
drift due to external influences and it is not guaranteed that the artificial horizon of
the device can stabilize the helicopter at any time and recover from any orientation.
Influences such as temperature fluctuations or vibrations may cause incorrect results
and distort the position calculation of the system in consequence. Strictly observe the
general safety rules for dealing with RC models and do not totally rely on the system.
The pilot is responsible for the control of the helicopter and thus also for the use of the
system. You must always be able to turn off the system immediately and be able to
take over full control of the helicopter.

17

Summary of Contents for MICROBEAST PLUS

Page 1: ...BEASTX Wiki Books MBPlus 52 ENG wiki beastx com ...

Page 2: ... book and or parts of it may or may not be licensed under one or more of these licenses and thus require inclusion of these licenses The licenses of the figures are given in the list of figures on page 335 This PDF was generated by the L A TEX typesetting software The L A TEX source code is included as an attachment source 7z txt in this PDF file To extract the source from the PDF file you can use the...

Page 3: ...t when buying the MICROBEAST PLUS HD 23 11 Optional accessory 25 12 Hardware installation 27 13 Attaching your Microbeast PLUS to the helicopter 29 14 Introduction to MICROBEAST PLUS HD 31 15 Receiver connection 33 16 Standard receiver 35 17 Receivers with single wire output single line receivers 37 18 Remote satellite Spektrum DSM JR DMSS ALIGN iBus 39 19 Spektrum SRXL2 receiver 41 20 Radio syste...

Page 4: ... 67 28 1 Button control 68 28 2 Stick control 69 29 Basic setup with StudioXm 71 30 SETUP MENU A Device orientation 73 31 Adjustment at the device 75 32 Setup with StudioXm 77 33 SETUP MENU B Swashplate frequency 79 34 Adjustment on the device 81 35 Setup with StudioXm 83 36 Servo connection 85 37 SETUP MENU C Rudder pulse width 87 38 Adjustment on the device 89 39 Setup with StudioXm 91 40 SETUP ...

Page 5: ...wash mixing is required for my helicopter 119 53 SETUP MENU H Servo directions 121 54 Adjustment on the device 123 55 Setup with StudioXm 125 56 SETUP MENU I Cyclic directions 127 57 Adjustment on the device 129 58 Setup with StudioXm 131 59 Extra info Why setting stick endpoints 133 60 Extra info How the gyro works 135 61 SETUP MENU J Servo trim 137 62 Adjustment on the device 139 62 1 Separate s...

Page 6: ...171 78 2 Electric drive system with rpm signal output from the speed controller 172 78 3 Combustion drive system nitro gas 173 79 Activating the governor function 175 80 Adjustment on the device 177 81 Setup with StudioX 179 82 Sensor test routine 181 83 Motor start position 185 84 Adjustment on the device 187 85 Setup with StudioX 189 86 Full throttle position 191 87 Adjustment on the device 193 ...

Page 7: ...justment with StudioX 225 100 PARAMETER MENU B Control Style 227 101 Adjustment at the device 229 102 Setup with StudioX 231 103 PARAMETER MENU Special parameters C to K 233 104 Adjustment at the device 235 105 Setup with StudioX 237 106 Parameter explanation 239 106 1Speed flight stability Point C 239 106 2Rudder rate consistency Point D 239 106 3Stick deadzone E 241 106 4Torque precompensation Re...

Page 8: ...ing What s that 281 118 Usage instructions 283 119 Setting Bank Switching with StudioX 287 120 Reset to default settings 289 121 Performing factory reset at the device 291 122 Factory reset with StudioX 293 123 Information about firmware versions 295 124 Reading the current firmware version 297 124 1LED display of the device 297 124 2Representation of values 297 125 StudioX software and mobile app 2...

Page 9: ...set 313 132 Preset helicopter settings 315 133 Backup Restore 317 134 Reset all settings 321 135 Firmware update 323 136 Introduction 325 137 freakware Network 327 138 Update procedure 329 139 When the update fails 331 140 Contributors 333 List of Figures 335 141 Licenses 343 141 1GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 343 141 2GNU Free Documentation License 344 141 3GNU Lesser General Public License 345 1 ...

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Page 11: ...ge Manuals MBPlusFblV52 Intro2 and the trans lation is 100 complete 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Translate group page Manuals 3AMBPlusFblV52 3AIntro action page filter language en 2 https wiki beastx com index php Manuals MBPlusFblV52 Intro 3 ...

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Page 13: ...es additional features like AttitudeControl for recue bailout or constant leveling and a feature called Bank Switching which allows to change between different parameter presets in flight to serve different flight conditions or flying styles wide input voltage range from 4 to 9 Volts supports nearly all types of radio systems with conventional receiver wiring as well as lots of different serial signal r...

Page 14: ... additonal vibration resistance due to aluminum housing To setup MICROBEAST PLUS there is no need for any additional devices All you need is your radio system and your helicopter Thanks to the well proven EasySetup system you can do all the necessary adjustment directly at the device and in very short time If you like to get more insight into the system and like to have a more visualized type of s...

Page 15: ... system and should help to give answers to almost all questions you may have Anyhow for a first start you may just go with the quick start guide1 and only refer to the online manual if you have some specific question Also the quick reference card2 can give you a good overview for the different menu structures and adjustment procedures that can be performed directly at the device 1 http www beastx com...

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Page 17: ...play of the device what firmware version it is running After power up when the Status LED lights red for a few seconds the Menu LEDs A to G display the first digit of the firmware version and the LEDs H to N the second digit Figure 2 Firmware version 5 2 x In the left row menu LEDs A and C indi cate major version 5 In the right row LED I lights up which stands for minor version 2 Click here1 to see w...

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Page 19: ... Hardware options MICROBEAST PLUS MICROBEAST PLUS HD Power supply connection Standard servo ports High power input On Off Switch Casing Plastic Aluminum composite Recommended heli size 250 700 550 800 11 ...

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Page 21: ...6 Software options Basic firmware ProEdition firmware AttitudeControl Bank switching Upgrade Price 99 13 ...

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Page 23: ...eir models Please read the instruction manual thoroughly before the first use of your MICROBEAST PLUS and setup the system carefully according to this manual Allow sufficient time for the setup procedure and check each step carefully Watch for a mechanically clean and proper build of your helicopter A wrong system setup can lead to a serious accident and damage to the model Radio controlled R C model...

Page 24: ...e motor pinion away from the main gear then check that the motor does not to start inadvertently when the receiver is switched on When operating the RPM Governor feature of MICROBEAST PLUS it is essential to ensure that the motor cannot start by accident when making adjustment or performing preparations to start the engine Carefully read this manual and make sure you fully understand how the RPM G...

Page 25: ...m AttitudeControl can help to facilitate flying of model helicopters by briefly passing over control to the system if the pilot becomes disoriented By using the built in artificial horizon the helicopter can be brought to a nearly horizontal position so that the pilot gains time to reorient Thus there can be no assurance that the model is saved from a crash in general Depending on the current attitud...

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Page 27: ... Manuals MBPlusFblV52 Box Content2 and the translation is 100 complete 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Translate group page Manuals 3AMBPlusFblV52 3ABox Content action page filter language en 2 https wiki beastx com index php Manuals MBPlusFblV52 Box_Content 19 ...

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Page 29: ... all the wires to connect your receiver to the system wire length 150mm 3M gyro pads plastic tool for adjusting the gain dials Please note MICROBEAST PLUS is usually sold with BASIC firmware If you like you can upgrade to PROEDITION firmware later using the StudioX PC software or StudioXm app Ask your dealer if you need the PROEDITION firmware upgrade installed already 21 ...

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Page 31: ... connect your receiver to the system wire length 150mm 3M gyro pads plastic tool for adjusting the gain dials high power connector and on off switch Please note MICROBEAST PLUS HD is usually sold with BASIC firmware If you like you can upgrade to PROEDITION firmware later using the StudioX PC software or StudioXm app Ask your dealer if you need the PROEDITION firmware upgrade installed already 23 ...

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Page 33: ...rs USB port With the StudioX Software available for Windows and macOS you can easily configure the system create backups of your settings load heli presets upload firmware update file to your unit and much more For more information please see the StudioX manual1 BLE2SYS 1 https wiki beastx com index php StudioXm en 25 ...

Page 34: ...e StudioXm app available for Android and iOS you can easily configure the system create backups of your settings load heli presets upload firmware update file to your unit and much more Please note that your mobile device must be Bluetooth Smart Bluetooth LE compatible For more information please see the StudioXm manual2 2 https wiki beastx com index php StudioXm en 26 ...

Page 35: ...V52 Hardware Installa tion2 and the translation is 100 complete 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Translate group page Manuals 3AMBPlusFblV52 3AHardware Installation action page filter language en 2 https wiki beastx com index php Manuals MBPlusFblV52 Hardware_Installation 27 ...

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Page 37: ... always point towards the front or rear of the helicopter The small white sensor pinboard on the side must always be inline with flight direction Figure 25 Figure 26 Figure 27 flat cover on top servo connectors showing to front Figure 28 flat cover showing to bottom servo connectors showing to front Figure 29 upright button on top servo connectors showing to front Figure 30 upright button on bottom s...

Page 38: ...corresponding rotational axes of the helicopter Especially make sure that the mounting platform is perpendicular to the main shaft On the other hand it is not important that the unit is directly placed on the rotation axis which is nearly impossible and also it is not important whether the system is placed in parallel to the ground or not 30 ...

Page 39: ...system the operation of MICROBEAST PLUS HD is identical to MICROBEAST PLUS So it is not explicitly dealt with the HD version later on in this manual All subsequent executions are also based on MICROBEAST PLUS HD Figure 39 Figure 40 Figure 41 The input voltage range is 4 0 to 8 4 volts Solder to the supplied power cable a matching counterpart for the supply battery used or connect it with the BEC p...

Page 40: ...d permissible for the supply systems used Also note that using the electronic power switch system of MICROBEAST PLUS HD is not possible in this combination Note that the system can only be as powerful as the power source allows Use power cables with sufficient diameter avoid long cable length and only use a plug system for connection of battery and power cable that is capable of transferring high cu...

Page 41: ...protocols and specific wiring schemes for each receiver type Ensure a tight fit of the connectors The pin board of MICROBEAST PLUS is designed so that the plugs firmly clamp each other when they are fully inserted Anyhow especially when using a receiver with single wire output it is possible that connectors are plugged in with no adjacent neighbors Such plugs should additionally be secured against lo...

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Page 43: ...esponding servo output at the receiver which you like to use for the specific function If you don t know which stick controls which channel have a look at your radio s servo monitor refer to your radios instruction manual or simply connect a servo to each channel testwise Figure 43 Here we show connection layouts for two common radio brands Note that this is only exemplary the channel output of you...

Page 44: ...leron and elevator You must connect all 5 functions wires to the receiver When you don t connect all wires the system will not finish initialization sequence The throttle servo speed controller is connected to the receiver s throttle output Using the headspeed governor function of MICROBEAST PLUS is not possible in combination with a Standard receiver 36 ...

Page 45: ... line receivers if you really use the single line function If you connect the receiver by us ing the standard 5 wire layout as shown above such receiver has to be considered as Standard receiver The single line connection wire is plugged into the DI1 input of MICROBEAST PLUS The throttle servo or ESC is connected to the CH5 output When using a speed con troller with BEC from here the power will be...

Page 46: ...ovide power at the SYS port or receiver Adding additional power wires is highly recommended If there are no other ports left to additionally feed in power we recommend using the MICROBEAST PLUS HD which comes witch an additional high power input This reduces wiring resistance and serves todays demands for a robust servo power supply 38 ...

Page 47: ...al available Spektrum satellite adapter Order Nr BXA76009 you can connect the receiver at the front pin board to the DI1 digital input just like most other single wire receivers This allows to keep the white pin board free for connecting a sensor Please note MICROBEAST PLUS does not support connecting more than one remote satellite at a time Figure 48 Figure 49 JR Spektrum remote satellite connect...

Page 48: ...Remote satellite Spektrum DSM JR DMSS ALIGN iBus 40 ...

Page 49: ...er Alternatively or additionally you can connect a power supply second BEC wire buffering battery to the SYS port It is not recommended to connect power to the receiver directly In order to connect a receiver with standard servo connectors i e the AR6610T you need the SRXL2 receiver adapter Also you may use the governor sensor adapter BXA76401 but this requires to modify the wiring layout as shown ...

Page 50: ...3 Figure 54 Never connect the 4 wire receiver connector to MICROBEAST PLUS in wrong polarity This will damage your receiver immediately Check polarity at least twice before connecting the receiver to MICROBEAST PLUS It is up to you to make sure polarity is correct We do not assume any liability in case you do it wrong 42 ...

Page 51: ...s MBPlusFblV52 Radio Setup2 and the translation is 100 complete 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Translate group page Manuals 3AMBPlusFblV52 3ARadio Setup action page filter language en 2 https wiki beastx com index php Manuals MBPlusFblV52 Radio_Setup 43 ...

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Page 53: ... Never enable your radio s eCCPM mixing function Disable any mixing functions for the swashplate or rudder Each function should be assigned to just one receiver channel All the swashplate mixing will be done by MICROBEAST PLUS Set your radio s swash mixer to mCCPM mechanical mixing which is often called H1 1 servo or normal mixing or disable swash mixing if applicable Figure 60 Be sure that all tr...

Page 54: ...do not adjust the collective pitch curve at the moment For the setup procedures it has to be set as a straight line reaching from 100 to 100 or 0 to 100 depending on radio brand Figure 62 Figure 63 Figure 64 Other functions such as throttle curves ESC switches or auxiliary functions can be ad justed as usual But especially for the throttle make sure you can disable the throttle channel and separat...

Page 55: ...e 65 Make sure that the motor in electric models can not start when doing the adjustment work If the drive battery is used as power supply for receiver servos and MICROBEAST PLUS disconnect the motor from the ESC 47 ...

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Page 57: ...nit When initiating bind sequence you have to set whether you re using a DSMX or DSM2 satellite the actual selected signal protocol in the transmitter is not relevant It is very important to choose the correct type of satellite receiver here since an improper setting may seem to work but can lead to radio interference or total loss of radio linkage in the subsequent operation Insert a Spektrum Bin...

Page 58: ...plugged in It is irrelevant which transmission method between the receiver and transmitter is actually used Check carefully what type of receiver you have and what type you setup An incorrect setting is not obvious but will lead to malfunction or failure of the radio link later in use It makes no difference if you pull off the Bind Plug during the binding process or leave it connected as you would e...

Page 59: ... clear which channel controls which stick function Finally when using a single line receiver you have to set a failsafe position for the throttle channel This defines at which position the motor is disabled and where to move the throttle in case the receiver is not sending any throttle signal i e during power up or in case of loss of radio link By default the Standard Receiver is selected as receiv...

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Page 61: ...X3 Throttle CH5 Aileron Elevator Rudder Gyro gain Pitch Aux CH6 Governor nitro PPM serial signal SPPM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Pitch Aileron Elevator Rudder Aux CH6 Throttle CH5 Gyro gain Governor nitro Futaba SBus Sbus2 or BEASTX FASST compatible receiver 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Aileron Elevator Throttle CH5 Rudder Gyro gain Pitch Aux CH6 Governor nitro Multiplex SRXL JR XBUS Mode B JETI UDI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ailer...

Page 62: ...Rudder Gyro gain Pitch Aux CH6 Governor nitro Modified assignment with PROEDITION firmware When using the PROEDITION Firmware upgrade by default the channel for function Aux CH6 will be used to control the AttidudeControl gain The control for Aux CH6 will be moved to channel 9 or AX4 for Spektrum radios Please note When you don t want to use a separate channel to control the AttitudeGain or when you...

Page 63: ...le line receiver At Menu Point N Throttle failsafe setting the output is activated though to check throttle position If you use a speed controller with BEC disconnect the motor to avoid unintentional starting of the motor For a heli with combustion engine you should remove the servo horn from the throttle servo to avoid linkage binding or breaking the servo horn 25 1 Point A Receiver type In order...

Page 64: ...try again Status LED Receiver type Transmission protocol off Standard receiver purple Remote satellite receiver connected at remote port red No receiver detected blue Serial signal at port DI1 25 2 Function assignment 25 2 1 Default function assignment Refer to the tables above and identify the column that represents your receiver type Check whether your radio transmits the channels in the given or...

Page 65: ...recognize the allocated channel correctly If you have moved the wrong stick switch just move the correct one afterwards MICROBEAST PLUS remembers only the last function that was operated and confirms it with blue flashing of the Status LED Press the button after learning each function to save the assignment and to go to the next function Once a channel was assigned it is no longer available and is i...

Page 66: ...nt I can be skipped anyway as an assignment will have no effect Finally at Menu Point J you have to assign the channel that is used to engage the Atti tudeControl rescue stabilization only when you ve installed the PROEDITION Upgrade on your device Again this can be skipped if not needed or if you don t want to use a separate channel or in case you haven t enough free channels left AttitudeControl ...

Page 67: ... Additionally the failsafe position is used by the internal Governor function in case you re using a helicopter with electric drive system Here the throttle is moved to the stored failsafe position when you set the Governor to Autorotation bailout mode Note The fail safe function is not effective if the receiver continues sending data even if the radio link is interrupted In this case the failsafe ...

Page 68: ... be controlled by the transmitter channel that is assigned to throttle function This allows to check your throttle position in reality When using electric models make sure the motor is disconnected from the ESC or the pinion is removed from the motor so that it will not drive the model by accident 60 ...

Page 69: ...o the transmitter and sending out signals Also make sure the transmitter is setup correctly as shown in the chapter Radio System1 Press the Scan button to start automatic receiver detection routine The Status LED on the device and the display will indicate which type the system is scanning for at the moment When a valid input signal was detected the receiver type will be set automatically and a di...

Page 70: ... a blue flash of the Status LED indicates that the channel has been detected The setup will jump to the next menu point automatically It does not matter how far or in what direction you move the stick or in what position the stick switch was The channel s value itself is not important but the change of this value is It is therefore important that only the requested function is activated and not by ...

Page 71: ...talled the PROEDITION Upgrade on your device Again this can be skipped if not needed or if you don t want to use a separate channel or in case you have no more free channels left AttitudeControl can still be used then In this case the channel for the tail gyro gain is used to engage AttitudeControl or can be enabled separately using the Bank Switch feature Please see the section about using Attitu...

Page 72: ...unctions will be set to position hold in case of signal interruption For these setting a failsafe position is not provided To teach the failsafe position choose Proceed when asked to teach the failsafe position and set the throttle channel on your remote control to the desired position Then press Set to save the position If you did not connect a function to CH5 Output and don t need throttle fails...

Page 73: ...tures for different needs of adjust ment Before the first flight MICROBEAST PLUS has to be adjusted to your helicopter mechanics and its components This basic setup is done in the SETUP MENU 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Translate group page Manuals 3AMBPlusFblV52 3ASetupmenu intro action page filter language en 2 https wiki beastx com index php Manuals MBPlusFblV52 Setupmenu_intro ...

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Page 75: ...ng this time do not move the helicopter When initialization is completed the Status LED will change to blue or purple color indicating the current gyro mode If you can t get through the initialization sequence either because LEDs A G or LEDs H N don t stop cycling please read the FAQ1 Note that during initialization pressing the button has no significant effect and you will not be able to enter any ...

Page 76: ...repeatedly to proceed to the end of the menu and to get back into operation mode In operation mode no MENU LED is glowing Just for your info at this step There is another menu called PARAMETER MENU This is entered by just briefly pressing the button from operation mode Here the Menu LEDs are flashing quickly If you see this condition you ve entered the wrong menu Skip through the menu by repeatedly ...

Page 77: ...this condition the gyro control and the stick controls are disabled 28 2 Stick control In SETUP MENU we use the sticks of your transmitter to change settings and interact with the menu Most often the rudder stick is used to change or adjust a value i e choose the mounting direction of the device or trim a servo center position And on the other hand the aileron stick roll is used to switch between ...

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Page 79: ...tation and ending with Cyclic directions Adjustment procedure in short words is described at each step If necessary refer to this manual if you need further assistance When the setup is finished click the Home button in the top left corner to get back to the overview screen or disconnect the device and deactivate the BLE2SYS module by clicking the Disconnect button in the top right corner when adju...

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Page 81: ...rection and the egdes of the unit must be parallel to the rotation axis Figure 82 Status LED off Figure 83 Status LED purple flashing Figure 84 Status LED purple Figure 85 Status LED red flashing Figure 86 Status LED red Figure 87 Status LED blue flashing Figure 88 Status LED blue Figure 89 Status LED red blue 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Translate group page Manuals 3AMBPlusFblV52 ...

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Page 83: ...points in flight direction purple flashing vertical button is on the top socket points in flight direction purple flat inverted sticker on bottom side socket points in flight direction red flashing vertical inverted button is on the bottom socket points in flight direction red flat sticker on top side socket points to the tail boom blue flashing vertical button is on the top socket points to the tail boom ...

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Page 85: ...32 Setup with StudioXm Choose the orientation that the device is actually mounted on your heli by choosing the matching type in the app 77 ...

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Page 87: ...S offers or that allows a maximum frequency which is not choosable please select the next lower frequency that is closest to the given frequency or set the frequency with StudioXm PC Software or mobile App Note Using a lower frequency is always possible Only too high frequencies can damage the servo and or will cause the servo to not work properly Here3 you can find a list of parameters for the most...

Page 88: ...SETUP MENU B Swashplate frequency 80 ...

Page 89: ...olor at SETUP MENU point B Status LED Swashplate servo frequency purple 50 Hz red flashing 65 Hz red 120 Hz blue flashing 165 Hz blue 200 Hz Note When you set a different frequency using the StudioX or StudioXm App the Status LED will be off You can change back to a preset setting by tapping the rudder stick as described but this will remove your custom setting 81 ...

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Page 91: ...tup with StudioXm Choose a preset frequency by clicking one of the provided buttons for Menu Point B Swashplate frequency or set a custom frequency by directly changing the value with the dial or buttons 83 ...

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Page 93: ...nd only Anyhow with large scale helicopters we recommend to use a separate power distribution unit to which you connect the servos This will be the better option in regards to robust and fail safe power distribution When you route the wire leads in your model make sure that there is no tension passed to the MICROBEAST PLUS Make sure that MICROBEAST PLUS is able to move freely so no vibrations get ...

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Page 95: ...cial pulse length this usually is mentioned in the data sheet of the servo mentioned on the packaging or directly printed on the servo Ask the manufacturer of the servos or your local dealer for detailed information If in doubt about the center pulse for your servo use the setting 1520 μs It is very likely that the servo will work with this pulse length Also when the servo is rated with 1500 μs ce...

Page 96: ...ip between the setting of the rudder servo center pulse length and the rudder frequency4 For technical reason only special gyro servos with 760µs pulse width can be used with frequencies higher than 333Hz as standard pulse width would be too long and would not fit into the pulse 4 https wiki beastx com index php Manuals MBPlusFblV5 Setupmenu_D 88 ...

Page 97: ...atus LED lights in the correct color at SETUP MENU point C Status LED Rudder servo center pulse length purple 760 red 960 blue 1520 Note When you ve set a different pulse width using the StudioXm App the Status LED will be off You can change back to a preset setting by tapping the rudder stick as described but this will remove your custom setting 89 ...

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Page 99: ...with StudioXm Choose a preset rudder pulse width by clicking one of the provided buttons for Menu Point C Rudder pulse width or set a custom pulse width by directly changing the value with the dial or buttons 91 ...

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Page 101: ...y the servo manufacturer or even lower when the servo is not capable of handling such high frequency in field use When using a servo that allows a higher frequency as MICROBEAST PLUS offers or that allows a maximum frequency which is not choosable please select the next lower frequency that is closest to the given frequency or set the frequency with StudioXm PC Software or mobile App Note Using a lo...

Page 102: ... With high frequencies some servos run in a jerky manner especially the fast ones with coreless or brushless servos This is due to the high update rate that the servo receives This is not critical and will not impact flight performance 94 ...

Page 103: ...enter pulse width chosen at Menu Point C you may not be able to select a frequency higher than 333Hz Status LED Rudder servo frequency purple 50 Hz red flashing 165 Hz red 270 Hz blue flashing 333 Hz blue 560 Hz Note When you set a different pulse width with StudioXm the Status LED will be off You can change back to a preset setting by tapping the rudder stick as described but this will remove your cu...

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Page 105: ...Setup with StudioXm Choose a preset frequency by clicking one of the provided buttons for Menu Point D Rudder frequency or set a custom frequency by directly changing the value with the dial or buttons 97 ...

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Page 107: ...ravel of the tail pitch slider When the tail mechanics allow a very high range of pitch it may be advisable to adjust the limits based on the maximum allowed angle of attack of the tail rotor blades that will not lead to an aerodynamic stall of the blades Such stalls can cause very bad stopping behavior like overshooting of the tail when stopping from rotation and can also cause bad tail response ...

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Page 109: ...re must be the clostest to the bottom of the device Figure 95 Then attach a servo horn to the rudder servo in such a way that the tail linkage rod forms a 90 degree angle to the servo horn or as close as possible and adjust the linkage rod as described in the manual for your helicopter For most helicopters the tail pitch slider should be centred and the tail rotor blades will then have some positi...

Page 110: ...the helicopter will constantly drift to one side or the other on the rudder axis When using the tail gyro only in HeadingLock mode this adjustment is not so critical Here the gyro will actively con trol the rudder so the helicopter does exactly follow the commands of the rudder stick Anyhow for optimum performance of the gyro a good mechanical adjustment is essentially 102 ...

Page 111: ... always wait until the Status LED flashes when finished and proceeding to the next step Now adjust the opposite direction For this again use the rudder stick and hold it to move the servo tail pitch slider into the other direction Proceed as described to set the maximum endpoint and again wait until the position has been indicated with the flashing Status LED When both positions have been set skip to...

Page 112: ...does not match the real direction Do not change the internal direction in order to change the servo direction This is only used for telling the gyro in which direction it must move the servo Be very conscientious when doing this setup step as wrong gyro direction will cause loss of control during takeoff and you probably crash the helicopter In addition you can check the gyro direction by turning t...

Page 113: ...Now connect the rudder servo to CH4 port of MICROBEAST PLUS as described above and check the rudder direction on the helicopter If the stick is moving the servo into the wrong direction use the servo reverse function of your transmitter and reverse the rudder channel to set stick control direction correctly Now when the servo is moving correctly set the rudder direction of the MICROBEAST PLUS gyro...

Page 114: ...ling the gyro in which direction it must move the servo Be very conscientious when doing this setup step as wrong gyro direction will cause loss of control during takeoff and you probably crash the helicopter In addition you can check the gyro direction by turning the helicopter by hand around its vertical axis When turning the heli the gyro must move the servo so that the rotor will produce a coun...

Page 115: ...rol range of the radio system matches the internal range of MI CROBEAST PLUS Later when setting the control style you can adjust how fast your helicopter should turn around the vertical axis To get reproducable results you have to match your radio to the system 107 ...

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Page 117: ...ove the helicopter by hand around its vertical axis the gyro must actuate a rudder servo movement to compensate this rotation If for example you move the nose of the helicopter to the left tail moving to the right the gyro has to steer right the same way as you would steer right with the rudder stick so that the tail is pushed back to the left 109 ...

Page 118: ...Extra info How the gyro works Figure 97 When moving the tail to the right by hand nose of the heli to the left the gyro will steer to the right so the tail is pushed back to the left 110 ...

Page 119: ...her Please note This only shows an example for the ALIGN T Rex 500 helicopter Actually the tail pitch slider may move to a different position on your helicopter This mainly depends on how the tail blade grips are controlled and how the tail mechanics is constructed in general Check the manual of your helicopter to find out which directions the rudder must move on your helicopter 111 ...

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Page 121: ...app if required When you re using a multiblade rotorhead that requires to adjust the swash phasing electronically this can be done with the StudioX app as well Which kind of CCPM your helicopter uses can be read in the manual for your helicopter Figure 99 Never set any kind of swash mixing in your transmitter even when electronic mixing is required Deactivate the swashplate mixing in your transmit...

Page 122: ...SETUP MENU G Collective and cyclic pitch mixing CCPM 114 ...

Page 123: ...e Status LED lights in the correct color Status LED Swashplate mixer purple mechanical red flashing 90 3 or 4 servos red 120 blue flashing 140 blue 135 140 1 1 The Status LED is off in case one of the mixer parameters has been changed manually from the StudioX app You can switch back to one of the presets anyway by moving the rudder stick but note that this will delete your custom setting 115 ...

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Page 125: ...the elevator the rotorblade mustn t move at all If it does increase decrease the phasing just until the blade is standing still It must only react to roll or collective inputs similar as this would be the case with a two bladed rotorhead The direction sign of phasing determines the control direction If you have tuned the phasing into the wrong direction your control will be inverted i e elevator w...

Page 126: ...Setup with StudioXm By default the values you see here are preset by the type you ve chosen in the overview before Change them as necessary 118 ...

Page 127: ...s also considered as 135 swashplate There is no uniform designation for this type of swash mixing The main idea with this type of swashplate is to have an equal servo ratio on the elevator axis which will remove the collective interaction due to unequal servo movement and in consequence will give a extremely precise control of the heli If this is the case on your helicopter elevator and aileron se...

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Page 129: ...ater Please note Usually you can not reverse the servos with the servo reverse function of your transmitter The transmitter only controls the functions of MICROBEAST PLUS not the servos Reversing a channel in the transmitter will only reverse the control function in total There is one exception with mechanical mixing mCCPM each servo is controling one function so actually here you can reverse the ...

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Page 131: ...channel that is indicating its selection by a short up and down move You can switch back and forth between the servos as often as you need When you tap the aileron stick once the selected servo will reverse its direction Status LED Servo reverse purple CH1 elevator servo red CH2 aileron 1 servo blue CH3 aileron 2 red blue CH7 elevator servo 2 90 eCCPM only 123 ...

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Page 133: ...the adjustment screen appears set servo direction for each servo as necessary and make sure the pitch is moving correctly as described above x250px1 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Upload wpDestFile SetupIm png 125 ...

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Page 135: ...NU point I we teach the the control directions to the system so that it moves the swashplate in the correct direction when trying to control the helicopter 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Translate group page Manuals 3AMBPlusFblV52 3ASetupmenu I action page filter language en 2 https wiki beastx com index php Manuals MBPlusFblV52 Setupmenu_I 127 ...

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Page 137: ...dder stick There are four possible options only one is correct In short aileron right elevator forwards the Status LED must be blue aileron left elevator backwards the Status LED must be red When the LED is purple or shines in the contrary color you ve not set the correct option 3 Optional When you move stick s to full deflection the Status LED should light solid not just flash If this is not the ca...

Page 138: ...e a counter action agains the turn direction So later in flight the gyro will stop the helicopter from unwanted movement Here the LED will always light up in blue color when you turn the helicopter to the right or forwards and light up in red when you turn it to the left or backwards This is to give you a little reminder when you need to do the setup later on the field and you can t rememeber what c...

Page 139: ...getting red as well When you move aileron to the right the Status LED must light up or flash in blue color When you move aileron to the left the Status LED must light up or flash in red color When the display is inverted red right or forwards and blue left or backwards reverse the display internal control direction by choosing one of the four buttons below the direction label 3 When the stick is not...

Page 140: ...direction by turning the helicopter by hand around its horizontal and longitudinal axis When turning the heli the gyro must move the swashplate so that the rotor will produce a counter action agains the turn direction So later in flight the gyro will stop the helicopter from unwanted movement Here the LED will always light up in blue color when you turn the helicopter to the right or forwards and l...

Page 141: ...that control range of the radio system matches the internal range of MI CROBEAST PLUS Later when setting the control style you can adjust how fast your helicopter will roll and tilt To get reproducable results you have to match your radio to the system 133 ...

Page 142: ......

Page 143: ...pter forwards the swashplate has to move backwards when tilting the helicopter to the rear the swashplate has to compensate forward Same thing applies to the roll axis when you roll the helicopter to the left the swashplate has to steer right and vice versa Basically the swashplate has to remain horizontal all the time while banking the helicopter Figure 101 135 ...

Page 144: ...Extra info How the gyro works Figure 102 136 ...

Page 145: ...tral and allows to have equal movements in all directions For this the swashplate should be at the midpoint and perpendicular to the main shaft and the rotor blades should have 0 degrees of pitch Always work this out from bottom servos to top blade grips In case your helicopter has a non DFC rotor head with adjustable swashplate driver also don t forget to level and phase the swashplate driver in ...

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Page 147: ... servo gear trains and the servo horns By tapping the rudder stick you can select one servo after another Every color of the Status LED is corresponding to a specific servo channel that is indicating its selection by a short up and down move Use the aileron stick to change the servo trimming adjust the center position You can switch back and forth between the servos with rudder as often as you need...

Page 148: ...n or elevator The collective pitch can be trimmed up and down with the rudder stick 62 3 Deleting the trimming To reset the trimming and set all positions back to zero push and hold the button for 10 seconds or more When the yellow menu LEDs start to cycle in a loop release the button 140 ...

Page 149: ... given order CH1 to CH3 CH7 so you can identify them easily Trim each servo using the and buttons so that the servo horn forms an exact 90 degrees angle with the linkage rod Then make the mechanical adjustment for the linkages as described above if necessary x250px1 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Upload wpDestFile SetupHm png 141 ...

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Page 151: ...asure again This time you should see 6 0 de grees or is not of importance If not increase or decrease the swash throw accordingly The color of the Status LED gives some indication whether you rotorhead geometry is well suited for flybarless usage or not Ideally the Status LED on the device should be blue when in 6 0 degress position If it isn t this means your servo movements cause very much pitch ...

Page 152: ...SETUP MENU K Cyclic throw center Status LED Cyclic throw purple not good red OK blue perfect 144 ...

Page 153: ...ick once This will move the rotorblades into measuring position Now check the pitch gauge We want to see exactly 6 0 degrees By aileron input you can increase decrease the amount of pitch left decrease right increase until you have reached 6 0 degrees the sign direction of pitch is not of importance You can switch back and forth between measuring and zero position as often as you like When done ta...

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Page 155: ...rblade or blade grip calibrate it to 0 0 degrees and then click the Measure button This will move the rotorblade into measuring position Now check the pitch gauge we want to see exactly 6 0 degrees Increase decrease the throw value with the and buttons or the dial until the pitch is adjusted correctly You can switch back and forth between measure and zero position as often as you like 147 ...

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Page 157: ...gth of the manufacturer Then you align the rotorhead with the longitudinal axis of the helicopter and fold both rotorblades to one side as this will put heavy load on the servos it is not recommended use this method on large helicopters with heavy blades Now hold your ruler to the blades and mark the zero position or measure the distance from ground to the rotor blades Then when you switch to adju...

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Page 159: ...um performance Here it is important to define the mechanical possible range of your helicopter not to define your flying style For example when using a 3D trainer helicopter frame this usually will have a symmetric pitch range i e reaching from 12 to 12 degrees Now when you are a beginner or scale pilot you would not need that high amount of pitch especially not in the negative section Anyhow it is n...

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Page 161: ... solid when the stick reaches the end positions Note Do not increase the endpoints too much in the transmitter We need an exact match of full stick position and stick end position So the Status LED should just change from flashing to solid when reaching the end position 4 Finally adjust the maximum collective pitch when the thrust stick is at full deflection Increase or decrease the maximum amount o...

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Page 163: ... that the Status LED changes from flashing to solid and the label changes to OK in the software when the stick reaches the end positions Note Do not increase the endpoints too much in the transmitter We need an exact match of full stick position and stick end position So the Status LED should just change from flashing to solid when reaching the end position 4 Finally adjust the maximum collective pi...

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Page 165: ...ot need as much pitch as a 3D aerobatics pilot or high speed flyer Anyhow as already mentioned above set the pitch range in MICROBEAST PLUS so that it roughly fits to your helicopter mechanics and its capabilities Heli size electric Maximum pitch 250 13 0 13 5 degrees 450 13 0 13 5 degrees 500 13 0 degrees 550 12 5 degrees 600 12 0 12 5 degrees 700 11 5 12 0 degrees 800 11 5 degrees Heli size nitro ...

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Page 167: ...ign the rotorhead with the longitudinal axis of the helicopter and fold both rotorblades to one side as this will put heavy load on the servos it is not recommended use this method on large helicopters with heavy blades Now hold your ruler to the blades and mark the zero position Then when you add positive or negative pitch you can measure the distance between the outer edge of one blade to the ot...

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Page 169: ...os get jammed Adjust the limit so that there is just no binding at any point The color of the Status LED gives some indication whether you rotorhead geometry is well suited for flybarless usage or not Ideally the Status LED on the device should be blue after you ve adjusted the limit properly If it isn t this means your servos do not make very large deflections and probably you do not have very much...

Page 170: ...d limit as less as possible Do not use the limit to adjust the pitch or rates or similar this is not what it is it used for When changing the collective pitch later this may affect the cyclic limit so don t forget to check and readjust the limit when you do any changes to the collective 162 ...

Page 171: ...tor all at once and into all possible positions and check if there is some point where the servos get jammed By rudder stick input you can increase decrease the amount of maximum servo throw servo limit left decrease throw right increase throw Make sure the throw is as high as possible 163 ...

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Page 173: ...sitions and check if there is some point where the servos get jammed Increase decrease the amount of maximum servo throw servo limit by using the and buttons and the dial Make sure the value is as high as possible x250px1 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Upload wpDestFile SetupLm PNG 165 ...

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Page 175: ... Manuals MBPlusFblV52 Governor2 and the translation is 100 complete 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Translate group page Manuals 3AMBPlusFblV52 3AGovernor action page filter language en 2 https wiki beastx com index php Manuals MBPlusFblV52 Governor 167 ...

Page 176: ......

Page 177: ... transmitter but this is very inprecise and will not give reproducible results It s much more convenient to just tell the system what rotor headspeed you want and this will maintain the given head speed for the whole flight even when batteries go empty or the motor starts to run lean The governor function can be used with electric heli which doesn t have a governor or heli mode built in the speed c...

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Page 179: ...al adapter cable BXA76401 This sideboard also powers the sensor with the supply voltage if necessary Note that the height of the supply voltage corresponds to your receiver power supply voltage Here are some installation and connection examples As described virtually all kinds of rpm sensors may be used Unfortunately it is impossible to try and enumerate all types If in doubt about whether a parti...

Page 180: ...provides a rpm signal output you can alternatively use the RPM sensor input on the front connection board of MICROBEAST PLUS lowest pin of the tripple signal input RPM sensors can t be connected here as this pin header does not provide any power supply The speed controller s signal input wire is plugged into the output CH5 as usual Figure 108 172 ...

Page 181: ...he adapter cable BXA76401 Here commonly sensors are used that are designed for governor systems from other manufacturers and therefore have a special pin assignment In this case the colors of the connecting cables may not follow the norm The wire colors of the ALIGN governor sensor HE50H22 are swapped for example Here red denotes the negative and black the positive pole Figure 109 173 ...

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Page 183: ...age Manuals MBPlusFblV52 Setupmenu N2 and the translation is 100 complete 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Translate group page Manuals 3AMBPlusFblV52 3ASetupmenu N action page filter language en 2 https wiki beastx com index php Manuals MBPlusFblV52 Setupmenu_N 175 ...

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Page 185: ...ig nal from the speed controller or a phase sensor and controls the rotor speed accordingly Note that the speed controller itself must not be operated in a heli specific governor mode The speed controller must process the incomming throttle signals and control the motor as direct and unfiltered as possible blue nitro governor with this option the MICROBEAST PLUS can gov ern the rotor speed of a heli...

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Page 187: ...c Setup you can enable the governor function by choosing either Electric or Nitro Gas Heli depending on the type of helicopter drive system you re using When you choose Governor mode off on the other hand all control commands for the throttle channel will be passed to CH5 out put directly In this case all the other settings of Governor setup menu will have no effect 179 ...

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Page 189: ...ail rotor blades Be careful increased risk of injury When using an electric model it is necessary to increase the throttle until the motor starts to rotate and the phase sensor or the speed controller outputs a rpm signal Once the motor is running the Status LED on the MICROBEAST PLUS should light up in red color Please note that the control range of throttle is crucial Usually the throttle endpoi...

Page 190: ...he remote control and adjust if necessary Set the throttle to mid stick position and attach the servo horn so that the throttle linkage is at a right angle to the servo horn Then adjust the length of the linkage according to the instructions of the helicopter so that it also is positioned perpendicular to the linkage lever at the carburetor Adjust the lever at the carburetor so that it is opened h...

Page 191: ...the power wires of the sensor are of correct polarity on some sensors the wire colors do not match the usual standard If you have a magnetic sensor check if the magnets are installed with the correct polarity and if they are passing the front of the sensor close enough Using a crankshaft sensor make sure that the sensor is mounted close enough to the frame accordingly 183 ...

Page 192: ......

Page 193: ...motor off position of the speed controller and the point at which the motor starts Also in this case move the throttle stick to the point at which the motor is just before to start so that MICROBEAST PLUS can determine the effective throttle range correctly With a nitro gasser model bring the throttle stick to idle position or a slightly increased idle position not motor off so MICROBEAST PLUS can de...

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Page 195: ...e check the setting of the transmitter and the programming of the speed controller or readjust throttle servo carburetor position and throttle linkage rod When entering menu point B initially the Status LED is off As long as you do not move the throttle stick the currently stored position will not be changed So you can skip menu point B by a brief push of the button without changing the throttle po...

Page 196: ......

Page 197: ...StudioX you will see the actual internal throttle value in the app Usually this will be something around 1000 when the throttle is at lowest position Push the SET button in order to store this value as lowest throttle value for the headspeed governor 189 ...

Page 198: ......

Page 199: ...de the throttle output will stay locked So you can set the full throttle position quite comfortable without the motor running high we expect that your maximum stick position actually indicates the maximum throttle position of your ESC in case your ESC is setup correctly Otherwise there are no differences between the modes electric and nitro 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Translate ...

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Page 201: ...le servo carburetor position and throttle linkage rod If necessary set the lowest throttle position at menu point B1 again Similar to menu point B2 the Status LED is off when entering menu point C As long as you do not move the throttle stick the currently stored position will not be changed So you can skip menu point C by a brief push of the button without changing the throttle position when perfo...

Page 202: ......

Page 203: ...dioX you will see the actual internal throttle value in the app Usually this will be something around 1000 when the throttle is at maximum position Push the SET button in order to store the value shown as maximum throttle value for the headspeed governor 195 ...

Page 204: ......

Page 205: ...ation conveyed by the Status LED is basically the same in every Governor operation mode However the setup of the transmitter and the range of headspeed will be slightly different depending on whether the mode electric or nitro is used Governor off off Autorotation purple Gov active red or blue max RPM When performing the setup with StudioX you can directly read from the app in real time what your act...

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Page 207: ...aneuver but speed up the rotor fast when aborting the autorotation faster than with the initial soft start The rotor speed is set via the throttle channel of the transmitter You may use the trans mitter s throttle curves for instance so you can switch the motor on and off and pretend different speeds using the flight mode system of the transmitter Instead of curves you have to set horizontal lines so...

Page 208: ...How to control the Governor Figure 114 Figure 115 Figure 116 200 ...

Page 209: ... mode the throttle must be set to a value between 5 and 15 Throttle position scale depending on transmitter Rotor speed Status LED 100 100 5000 blue 95 90 4750 red 90 80 4500 85 70 4250 80 60 4000 75 50 3750 70 40 3500 65 30 3250 60 20 3000 55 10 2750 50 0 2500 45 10 2300 40 20 2050 35 30 1800 30 40 1550 25 50 1300 20 60 1050 15 70 800 10 80 Motor off Autorotation purple 5 90 0 100 Motor off off 201 ...

Page 210: ...channel and throttle curves of the transmitter By switching the separate control channel in different positions the Governor can be activated and the desired rotor speed can be preset Note that for safety reason the throttle channel has priority over the Governor control channel as long as the output is below 25 So you can always control the lower throttle servo positions by hand even if the Govern...

Page 211: ...Nitro Governor with separate control channel Figure 117 Figure 118 Figure 119 203 ...

Page 212: ...00 off Manual control red or blue RPM control 95 90 90 80 85 70 80 60 75 50 70 40 65 30 60 20 55 10 50 0 45 10 40 20 35 30 30 40 25 50 20 60 Manual control Autorotation 15 70 10 80 5 90 0 100 Rotor speed Governor channel 3000 100 2870 90 2740 80 2605 70 2470 60 2340 50 2210 40 2080 30 1950 20 204 ...

Page 213: ...moved over the entire range Once the throttle channel is switched to the upper area the Governor will activate spool up the rotor and try to hold the preset headspeed the throttle position determines the headspeed here Similar as it was described above for electric models you make the throttle curve a horizontal line so that regardless of the position of the throttle stick MICROBEAST PLUS will alw...

Page 214: ... to this position once the governor was active the throttle servo will be moved to the idle position set at menu point B When switching back to governor mode i e when you want to bail out from autorotation the rotor will be spooled up at an increased rate Alternatively if it is switch back to the flight phase with manual control Autorotation mode is canceled and the next time you switch on the Gove...

Page 215: ...n trans mitter Rotor speed Status LED 100 100 3000 blue 95 90 2750 red 90 80 2500 85 70 2250 80 60 2000 75 50 1750 70 40 1500 65 30 1250 60 20 1000 55 10 750 50 0 500 45 10 Manual control or Autorotation purple 40 20 35 30 Manual control off 30 40 25 50 20 60 15 70 10 80 5 90 0 100 207 ...

Page 216: ...How to control the Governor 208 ...

Page 217: ...speed you set with the transmitter you must specifiy the factor by how much the incoming rpm signal must be divided to get the actual motor rpm The motor poles of an electric motor can be easily determined by counting the number of magnets built into the motor housing Each magnet corresponds to one magnetic pole Note that on some motors pairs of magnets are used rather than one single large magnet ...

Page 218: ......

Page 219: ...he Status LED Use the rudder stick to switch between options Status LED RPM Divider off no division 2 motor poles electric or 1 magnet nitro purple flashing 2 4 motor poles electric or 2 magnets nitro purple 3 6 motor poles red flashing 4 8 motor poles red 5 10 motor poles blue flashing 6 12 motor poles blue 7 14 motor poles 211 ...

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Page 221: ...93 Setup with StudioX In StudioX simply enter the rpm divider using the push buttons 213 ...

Page 222: ......

Page 223: ...ou must specify the main gear ratio of the helicopter The gear ratio should be specified in the instruction manual for your helicopter Especially with electric models it will vary depending on the motor pinion used For helicopters with a single stage gear drive the reduction can be calculated by dividing the number of pinion teeth from the main gear tooth count Example Shape S8 Main gear tooth coun...

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Page 225: ...ur helicopter and set the menu points one after the other To proceed to the each menu point briefly push the button After menu point H the initial setup is finished and the button press will lead back to operation mode Menu point F Status LED X off user defined purple flashing 8 purple 9 red flashing 10 red 11 blue flashing 12 blue 13 red blue 14 Menu point G Status LED YZ Menu point H Status LED purple ...

Page 226: ...stom gear ratio was set using StudioX or StudioXm the Status LED will be off at menu point F Pressing the button briefly in this combination the menu points G and H will be skipped and you will directly exit the menu Other than that also here you can change the gear ratio with the rudder stick and use one of the preset ratios but note that in this case the custom ratio will be erased 218 ...

Page 227: ... simply enter your gear ratio in the app Here we also added a calculator for single stage main drive systems Enter your main gear tooth count and pinion size to easily calculate your main gear ratio This can be directly stored then 219 ...

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Page 229: ...ation is active Please note that the Quick Trim is a global parameter When you use the Bank Switching feature the values you set here will be used in any flight mode Separate trimming for each flight mode is not provided as we think it s not necessary Never use the trim functions of your remote control MICROBEAST PLUS will see trim as a control command to turn the heli and not as servo trim So using...

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Page 231: ...y hold the control stick pushed for a longer time to automatically perform several trim steps The color of the Status LED gives you an approximate indication of how much you did trim and when the trim has changed the Status LED will flash for a moment 98 2 Rudder servo If the tail gyro is operated in Normal Rate mode the rudder servo must often be trimmed precisely so that the tail rotor produces j...

Page 232: ...ashplate is perpendicular to the main shaft this will by the approximate position of the helicopter in flight Note that the helicopter usually is slightly tilted to the side in hovering flight due to the drag of the tail rotor Therefore as a starting point by default the system has a trim of 4 degrees to the right to make the heli tilt against the rotor torque using a helicopter with clockwise turni...

Page 233: ...ard or up Negative values indicate left backwards or down Please note that the first screen Quick trim has global effect meaning that the values set here are used in all of the Paramter Banks in case you re using the Bank Switching feature Separate trimming for each bank is not provided On the bottom of the screen you can see the trimming for the Artificial Horizon Here you can trim the tilt on the r...

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Page 235: ...US will react to stick inputs for aileron elevator and rudder around the stick centre Stick expo Factory setting for this option is sport This should be suitable for most pilots If you are a rather inexperienced model pilot it is absolutely suggested to select the option normal for the first flights Here the rotation rate on cyclic and rudder is highly decreased and the stick inputs around center ar...

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Page 237: ...nction in your transmitter or by using the Dual rate function 100 stick throw servo throw in the transmitter are equivalent to a rotation rate of apprx 400deg s on cyclics and 600deg s on rudder in this mode So for example when you would set the rudder out put to 50 in the transmitter the heli rotates at 300deg s with full rudder stick deflection To adjust the sensitivity around mid stick position ...

Page 238: ... the tail gyro is operated in Normal Rate mode the rudder stick directly controls the rudder servo instead of commanding a rotation rate to the gyro In this mode the heli will turn as fast as it is determined by the rudder servo position and angle of attack of the rotor blades The tail gyro does not monitor the rate of rotation Therfore it is possible to get very high rotation rates and it is abso...

Page 239: ...full deflection The expo value is specified in percent 0 expo means that the stick input is influencing the output linearly Usually this will make the control feel very sensitive and over reactive By adding some expo you can soften the input around stick center position When using the Bank Switch feature you can set different control styles for each bank Click Next until you will see Bank 2 Control st...

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Page 241: ...ay use to further improve the system performance and which allow you to adjust the flight characteristics of the helicopter to suit your personal preferences Normally for the first flight you don t need to make any adjustments here 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Translate group page Manuals 3AMBPlusFblV52 3AParametermenu action page filter language en 2 https wiki beastx com index ph...

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Page 243: ...ght you can decrease increase the value If you don t like to use one of the presets you can edit each setting with the StudioX software StudioXm app to your likings In this case when your custom setting does not match the presets the Status LED will stay off You can still choose one of the presets by tapping the rudder stick but this will erase your custom setting When using the bank switching feat...

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Page 245: ...eiver settings and radio setup If the system does not fin ish Sensor init make sure that it is perfectly standing still and that power supply is stable Click the Parameters button You will find the special parameters mentioned above under Bank 1 Parameters You can edit them using the given adjustment buttons When using the bank switching feature only with PROEDITION firmware you can set parameters fo...

Page 246: ......

Page 247: ...her wise the pitching up just may be the result of too low reaction of the gyro system in general If the helicopter is still pitching up at the highest value and maximum possible cyclic gain check whether the swashplate has enough cyclic throw at high collective pitch values or use faster and stronger servos and rotor blades with very neutral phasing for example blades specifically designed for flyb...

Page 248: ...sting the rudder rate consistency it might be necessary to readjust the tail gyro gain Both parameters interact to each other Status LED Rudder rate consistency purple very low red flashing low red medium blue flashing high blue very high Additional information Please note that poor tail performance very often may be a sign of a stiff tail mechanics slop in the tail linkage or an inadequate rudder se...

Page 249: ...help of RevoMix feature point F 106 3 Stick deadzone E The deadzone defines the range around the very center of the stick in which MI CROBEAST PLUS will not react to stick inputs Unfortunately some on the market available transmitters have the problem that when the sticks are brought back to the center position after a stick input they aren t exactly at the same center position as before This gener...

Page 250: ... the least deflection and the tail slider is in center position If you pitch in positive or negative direction or move aileron or elevator control a deflection will be added to the tail rotor which will act against the torque of the main rotor For helicopters with clockwise rotating main rotor the precompensation has to always push the tail to the left nose of the heli to the right For helicopters w...

Page 251: ...very large amount of tail gain and the tail gyro still does not seem to be capable to hold the tail rotor in any flight condition move the linkage ball on the servo horn further out from the center to get faster response speed when the gyro needs to control the rudder Torque precompensation can only be used when you have 0 of pitch at SETUP MENU point H servo trim 106 5 Cyclic response G With point...

Page 252: ...ll not be exceeded When the setting is too high this can cause the rotor blades to stall when giving very fast collective pitch commands The collective pitch will feel slow and spongy precisely causing the opposite effect as desired Also note that a high setting can make the pitch control inprecise and more sensitive as when giving fast stick input the pitch will overshoot Start from the low settin...

Page 253: ...ncrease stepwise just until you get the most consistent rotor head speed Having a heli with good motor power and a fast responding speed controller on electric helis typically allows to have high throttle response values up to very aggressive setting which will give very consistent head speed Helis with not so much power small nitros gasser scale helis prefer low throttle response settings for a s...

Page 254: ...low 50 will be the same as setting it to 0 so it will disable the soft start 106 9 Fast rampup speed K When using the internal governor function and you change the head speed in the transmit ter in flight i e by switching to a different flight mode there will not be an abrupt change but the system will increase the rotor rpm with a given rate that can be adjusted here This rate also determines how fa...

Page 255: ...s is recommended even the setting same as slow rampup speed J may be sufficient as here an abrupt throttle change from idle position can cause the engine to quit Also nitro motors react quite slow to throttle changes and it takes some time to speed up the rotor When the change rate does not fit to the physical speed up it can happen that the motor is driven to full throttle during spool up by acciden...

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Page 257: ...age Manuals MBPlusFblV52 Gains2 and the translation is 100 complete 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Translate group page Manuals 3AMBPlusFblV52 3AGains action page filter language en 2 https wiki beastx com index php Manuals MBPlusFblV52 Gains 249 ...

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Page 259: ...rosswinds and the pilot has to constantly perform corrections when doing hovering flight In high speed flight on the other hand the tail will be aligned in flight direction by the wind so curves can be flown very dynamically and the pilot doesn t have to constantly concentrate on controlling the rudder HeadingLock mode in this mode the tail is actively controlled by the gyro system You will barely fee...

Page 260: ...f the response is set too low on the other hand the rudder control feels dull and stopping might be too soft Ideally the tail should stop perfectly to the point without making any flapping noises Before adjusting the gyro response make sure the maximum possible tail gyro gain has already been determined as described above The gyro response can be considered as some sort of fine tuning and adjusting ...

Page 261: ...nt of stick input directly to the servos bypassing the control loop If correctly adjusted the feed forward relieves the control loop so it will work more efficiently by only having to make residual corrections Factory setting of the dial is horizontal which provides a good setup in most cases Turn dial 2 clockwise to increase the cyclic feed forward This will cause more cyclic stick input going dire...

Page 262: ...ervo travels or Dual Rate setup of your transmitter Also to get a quicker and more aggressive response change the control style at Parameter menu point B3 reducing expo and increasing the maximum rotation rate and increase the cyclic response at Parameter menu point G4 It is not recommended to increase the feed forward in this case Although it may produce a quicker servo movement and more direct s...

Page 263: ... please only use the supplied plastic BEASTX adjustment tool to prevent damage to the dials Figure 128 noframe 110 1 Tail gyro Gyro gain and operation mode The tail gyro gain is adjusted by one of the transmitter s auxiliary channels The more servo throw this channel produces the higher the tail gyro gain will be Additionally the direction of servo throw determines whether the gyro operates in Nor...

Page 264: ...elicopters and smaller in HeadingLock mode Status LED blue Operation without using the auxiliary channel for tail gyro gain is not possible When gain is close to point A 0 gain the rudder servo will not perform full servo travel as the gyro is switched off Do not attempt to fly in this condition Dial 3 Tail gyro response Factory setting of the dial 3 is horizontal which provides a good setup in most...

Page 265: ... horizontal which provides a good setup in most cases Turn dial 2 clockwise to increase the cyclic feed forward This will cause more cyclic stick input going directly to aileron and elevator on the swashplate Decreasing the direct stick feed forward will do the opposite 257 ...

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Page 267: ...c control loop in the StudioX app independant for all three flight modes The dials on the device have no effect in this case The auxiliary channel for adjusting the gyro gain is used to switch between banks flight modes instead of adjusting the gyro gain see the page Bank Switching1 for more detailed information 1 https wiki beastx com index php Manuals MBPlusFblV52 BankSwitch en 259 ...

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Page 269: ...PLUS ProEdition firmware installed You can buy this optional update from the freakware Webshop3 and flash the ProEdition firmware to your device using the StudioX Software App 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Translate group page Manuals 3AMBPlusFblV52 3AAttitudeControl action page filter language en 2 https wiki beastx com index php Manuals MBPlusFblV52 AttitudeControl 3 https www fre...

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Page 271: ...n be used to bring the helicopter into a safe and well known position in case you loose orientation No matter in which position the helicopter is at the moment upright or inverted once you activate the bailout rescue the system will bring your helicopter into an upright hovering position In addition you set the Attitude Mode to Bailout rescue with Pitch here the system also will add some collectiv...

Page 272: ...ch flight mode and tweak the system to your likings even more 113 2 Activating AttitudeControl in flight Separate channel Usually we use a separate free channel on the transmitter to activate deactivate the AttitudeControl during operation When this channel is moved into one direction the AttitudeControl is off when you switch it into the other direction the AttitudeControl will be activated and your...

Page 273: ... servo throw in the transmitter so that the Menu LEDs lights up next to point G lights up usually at 50 as described above Menu LED A flashing B C D E F G H I Atti tude Con trol gain 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 Aux iliary chan nel 100 96 88 80 72 64 56 48 40 32 24 16 8 0 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 Atti tude Con trol Status off on Programming example Spektrum radio Figure 129 Figure 130 Figure 131 Assign a sw...

Page 274: ...he gyro gain channel and adjust the throw into one direction to let s say 50 and in the other direction to 60 resulting in a gyro gain of 50 and a stabilization gain of 60 By flipping the switch you can activate deactivate the AttitudeCon trol instead of toggling the tail gyro between Normal Rate and HeadingLock mode The gyro gain value of 50 will be saved internally when switching into positive di...

Page 275: ... as the flight mode is selected and the Attitude gain is greater than 0 So you could use one bank flight mode for hovering and sports flying one flight mode for 3D aerobatics and a third one with angular mode and 50 gain for rescue bailout or hover training You can switch between modes using a simple 3 position switch Please note that due to the complexity of this feature configuring and enabling bank ...

Page 276: ...plate will always be moved back to neutral position perpendicular to main rotor shaft as soon as the helicopter is standing still for a few seconds independant of the current leveling Here the system only corrects currently occurring rotational movements but does not regulate the absolute deviation from horizontal position 268 ...

Page 277: ...ering position some positive collective pitch must be applied by AttitudeControl and you can use the thrust stick to add more positive pitch but not less Analogous this must work when the heli is in inverted hovering position if using the 3D Mode with pitch Here AttitudeControl will apply some negative collective pitch and you can only add more negative pitch but not positive 113 4 Flying with Att...

Page 278: ...ted AttitudeCon trol As AttitudeControl actively gives control commands to the control loop of MI CROBEAST PLUS the swashplate may tilt to one side if the helicopter is not placed perfectly level on the ground This may cause the helicopter to tilt and crash when trying to take off or when the motor is switched off and the main rotor is running out 113 5 Fine tuning of AttitudeControl The amount of d...

Page 279: ... to vary randomly and the tilt gets a huge offset the longer you fly this can be due to bad position measure ment The cause for this can be high frequent vibrations fluctuations in temperature or misalignment of the device On the other hand please note that minor deviations are inherent When you feel the artifical horizon gets some little offset after some time let the heli stay in hover position for a...

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Page 281: ...itudeControl is completely disabled and actuating the AttitudeControl channel has no effect in terms of the AttitudeControl The assignment to the colors of the Status LED is as follows Status LED AttitudeControl operation mode off AttitudeControl disabled purple Angular Mode red flashing Bail out rescue mode red Bail out rescue mode with pitch blue flashing 3D Mode blue 3D Mode with pitch Firstly enab...

Page 282: ...p the heli in the air you will always have the option to override the pitch input for safety reason When using the 3D Mode with pitch make sure that the maximum pitch range is symmetrical i e the maximum positive and negative pitch are of same size Otherwise the hovering pitch will differ in normal and inverted flight as the AttitudeControl pitch is calculated from each maximum pitch setting The set...

Page 283: ...Fine tuning of AttitudeControl 275 ...

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Page 285: ...you will roughly see 6 degrees of hovering pitch at a value of 50 If you like to measure the exact pitch click the Measure button This will move the swashplate into hovering position temporarily Please note that during operation you can always add more pitch by giving thrust stick input The pitch you adjust here is only the minimum amount of pitch So practically in case this is not enough pitch to...

Page 286: ... 80 pitch input for 1 seconds 1000 milliseconds as soon as the helicopter reaches horizontal position when activating the AttitudeControl So you can use this to gain height instantly and get away from the ground i e when rescuing the helicopter You can use the Pitch boost feature in any of the five AttitudeControl modes not only in the modes with pitch On the other hand when using Pitch boost in co...

Page 287: ... Manuals MBPlusFblV52 BankSwitch2 and the translation is 100 complete 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Translate group page Manuals 3AMBPlusFblV52 3ABankSwitch action page filter language en 2 https wiki beastx com index php Manuals MBPlusFblV52 BankSwitch 279 ...

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Page 289: ... different rotorhead speeds i e when hovering cruising speed flying landing and so on Or you can use the Bank Switching to selectively change specific parameters i e switch between different rescue modes or test the effects of a parameter Please note that due to the variety of setup options it is only possible to enable and setup the bank switching with the StudioX computer software or StudioXm App for...

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Page 291: ...l is moved to positive direction Bank 1 is active and when its moved to negative direction Bank 3 is active Menu LED Bank A H Bank 1 D K Bank 2 G N Bank 3 Rudder channel 35 35 to 35 35 Please note that the values may vary slightly actually there is a little range around center position so you do not have to set the gyro channel to exactly 0 to activate bank 2 Also the signs may be interchanged dep...

Page 292: ...ch to toggle parameter banks Figure 150 Figure 151 Figure 152 Assign a switch to the gyro channel here we use switch G In the servo monitor you can see how the switch changes the output of gyro channel Figure 153 Figure 154 Figure 155 0 Bank 2 100 Bank 3 If you like to inverse the switch direction just reverse the gyro channel in your transmitter Using the flight mode system of your radio to automa...

Page 293: ...her make sure that you can t activate it on the transmitter or copy all parameter values from another bank to this bank so you will not switch to an unwanted condition by accident When Bank Switching is disabled always the parameters of Bank 1 will be used The options you can change in the devices PARAMETER MENU are always related to Bank 1 no matter whether Bank Switching is used or not 285 ...

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Page 295: ... global effect meaning that the values set here are used in all of the Banks Separate trimming for each bank is not provided When you ve set a separate control channel for the AttitudeControl function in Control setup the gain adjustment for AttitudeControl in the App will have no effect Only you can use Bank Switching then to change between different rescue modes in flight On the other hand when you ...

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Page 297: ...4 again In case your system does not pass initialization sequence you will not be able to perform factory reset on the device as you need to do this in Setup Menu which is accessed from operation mode But doing a reset will not solve this problem anyway When you can t pass radio system initialization sequence make sure to perform Receiver Menu5 setup completely 1 https wiki beastx com index php ti...

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Page 299: ...ast 15 seconds You will see the Menu LEDs cycling down from A to N This shows factory reset was performed The system will exit SETUP MENU when you release the button Now all settings are set to default and you have to perform the Basic Setup1 again in order to fly the helicopter Figure 159 1 https wiki beastx com index php Manuals MBPlusFblV5 Setupmenu_intro en 291 ...

Page 300: ...Performing factory reset at the device 292 ...

Page 301: ...ur smartphone tablet requires BLE2SYS interface You will find the reset option by choosing Backup Restore from the overview screen in StudioX which opens when connection is established to your MICROBEAST PLUS From there click the Next button two times or directly choose Factory reset from the selection box above to open the reset screen Figure 160 293 ...

Page 302: ...e Reset button and confirm the question Are you really sure Now all settings are set to default and you have to perform the Basic Setup1 again in order to fly the helicopter 1 https wiki beastx com index php Manuals MBPlusFblV5 Setupmenu_intro en 294 ...

Page 303: ...on and Z is the patch version You can say that when the major version X changes then a lot will be different between two versions When minor version Y increases there will be a few new features or parameters A change in Z is only a patch or fix that shouldn t be greatly noticable expect for some very little improvements From the changelog below you can find out differences between versions In general ...

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Page 305: ...initialization of the receiver signals During the initialization phase i e when viewing the firmware version or later briefly push the button to display the third digit Z of the firmware version Here the Status LED flashes purple Again briefly press the button and the color of the Status LED changes to flashing blue Now you can read the firmware s data version X Y from the display If you press the button...

Page 306: ...LEDs A N are used Data version The data version consists of two values X Y which are displayed at the same time through menu LEDs A G for X and H N for Y Hardware version The hardware version consists of two values X Y which are displayed at the same time through menu LEDs A G for X and H N for Y 298 ...

Page 307: ... smartphone to backup settings load preconfigured setups and do a lot more The PC mac software can also be used to update and configure your BLE2SYS bluetooth smart interface which is used to connect your BEASTX device with the smartphone In addition you can perform some adjustments with older devices like MICROBEAST and Spektrum AR7200BX AR7300BX 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Tran...

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Page 309: ...ease install the Microsoft Visual C 2019 Redistributable Package even if you have installed any Microsoft Visual C package on you computer you may need this specific version The file is included in the StudioX installation folder Also you can get this from the Microsoft website or by using the Windows Update functionality To connect your BEASTX device to the computer you need one of the following US...

Page 310: ... RX2SIM manual Check the notifications of your Windows system Figure 165 noframe Figure 166 noframe If you did not see any message popping up at all check you Windows device manager if the interface driver has been installed correctly To access the device manager under windows type devmgmt msc in the Startmenu s search bar or simply enter Device manager You must be able to find following entry Figur...

Page 311: ...Multi Sim Adapter instead of the USB2SYS interface For this you can switch the RX2SIM into an USB2SYS emulation mode push button on the RX2SIM several times until the LED lights up in orange color Figure 170 Figure 171 In this configuration the BEASTX gyro will be powered from the USB port Anyhow this only will work when receiver and servos are not connected to the gyro Otherwise the power of the U...

Page 312: ... bluetooth LE adapter with StudioX connect it with the USB2SYS interface or RX2SIM wireless simulator interface to the computer Using the USB2SYS you must power the device with an external power supply connected to a Y harness Watch out for correct polarity Figure 172 Figure 173 304 ...

Page 313: ...wed to write to the internal storage your user specific settings will not be saved i e language and port settings device names storing RestorePoints etc Also make sure to allow the App to access your internet connection in case you want to download firmware update files for your device Note this may produce extra costs when using your mobile data connection To connect your BEASTX controller with your...

Page 314: ...Smartphone tablet and BLE2SYS bluetooth interface 306 ...

Page 315: ...version1 of the page StudioXm Overview2 and the translation is 100 complete 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Translate group page StudioXm 3AOverview action page filter language en 2 https wiki beastx com index php StudioXm Overview 307 ...

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Page 317: ...N button above to search for new devices This can take from a few seconds up to a few minutes If the scan process finishes immediately and the box stays empty it is very likely the bluetooth function is switched off on your phone or the app has no rights to access the bluetooth connection So check your phone settings in this case Then connect the USB2SYS interface to the SYS port of your BEASTX devi...

Page 318: ...s time do not move the sticks on your radio as the system is learning the stick mid positions In the second step the device checks if the sensors are working correctly and learns the sensor rest positions Here Menu LEDs A to G will cycle up and down MICROBEAST PLUS AR7210BX and you can read Sensor init in the opening overview screen During this time do not move the helicopter When initialization i...

Page 319: ...er Then this name will be the bluetooth identifier Please note when chaging the name you may have to restart the StudioX app as well as the BLE2SYS device in order to see the new name in the main window 130 2 Automatic deactivation Never ever fly your helicopter when the bluetooth device is active The bluetooth signal is sent on the 2 4GHz band and may interfer with your radio signal For your conven...

Page 320: ... the flying field or even when you intend to fly 130 4 Firmware update When you are using a computer PC mac to configure your BLE2SYS you will additionaly see a Firmware Update button So obviously when you click that button you will be able to upload latest firmware updates to your BLE2YS interface if necessary The update procedure is not different to any other BEASTX device and is described in the sect...

Page 321: ...sion1 of the page StudioXm BackupRestore2 and the translation is 100 complete 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Translate group page StudioXm 3ABackupRestore action page filter language en 2 https wiki beastx com index php StudioXm BackupRestore 313 ...

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Page 323: ...re your radio setup is done properly and that all control commands on the radio are working as expected Also it may be nessary to readjust the servo center positions either using the quick adjust option in PARAMETER MENU or the single trimm option of SETUP MENU Last but not least it is absolutely mandatory that your BEASTX device is mounted in the exact same position is defined by the given preset ...

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Page 325: ... for PC and macOS it is also possible to export those backups to the computer s file system So you can share your settings with other pilots Creating a restore point You will find the option for saving your setup on the next screen behind the heli presets Please click Next in the lower right corner on the screen where you see the Align helis or choose backup restore from the selection box above in t...

Page 326: ... the middle of the screen Choose it to see all the details and in order to reload or export it Figure 182 The informations about the restore point will be filled out automatically with date serial number helicopter name and other informations You can edit these if necessary The modification will be stored automatically Exporting a restore point to the file system 318 ...

Page 327: ...e saved with ending rsp Import a restore point from the file system Figure 185 Click Import Restorepoint and choose the restorepoint file with ending rsp from the location it is stored on your computer Figure 186 In case the file was valid and can be used for your device there should be a new entry in the list now Select this new entry and flash it to your device by clicking Load Restorepoint 319 ...

Page 328: ...Backup Restore 320 ...

Page 329: ...om the selection box above to open the reset screen Figure 187 Figure 188 Click the Reset button and confirm the question Are you really sure Now all settings are set to default and you have to perform the basic setup again in order to fly the helicopter Please note The factory reset will not change your receiver settings receiver type function assignments failsafe settings This simply can be change...

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Page 331: ... the page StudioXm FirmwareUpdate2 and the trans lation is 100 complete 1 https wiki beastx com index php title Special Translate group page StudioXm 3AFirmwareUpdate action page filter language en 2 https wiki beastx com index php StudioXm FirmwareUpdate 323 ...

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Page 333: ...dioXm for smartphones connection The update process is similar to all our devices so it will be shown here for MICROBEAST PLUS exemplarily Using a computer in combination with the USB2SYS interface also allows to update the firmware of your BLE2SYS bluetooth interface Updating the BLE2SYS from a smartphone and via bluetooth is not provided 325 ...

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Page 335: ... when your internet is not configured correctly you will not be able to login to the freakware network and will see an error message when clicking the Firmware Update button in the app Now to get the firmware files at first you will be prompted to log in to the freakware network with your login email address and password If not already done create an account now If you have forgotten your password cli...

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Page 337: ... In the combo box in the middle of the screen you can choose between all available firmware files for your device It is recommended to always use the latest highest firmware version Firmware files marked as BASIC will provide the standard firmware that usually comes with your MICROBEAST PLUS AR7210BX NANOBEAST which means the device will have the flybarless functionality and some little gimmicks like he...

Page 338: ...ymore So also make sure you ve read and understood the manual for the new firmware as well The firmware procedure should start immediately after pressing the OK button During the update please do not do anything Just wait until the progress has gone up to 100 which will take a few seconds when using a computer with USB2SYS and may take 1 or 2 minutes when using a smartphone with BLE2SYS bluetooth co...

Page 339: ...nd try to stay as close to the BLE2SYS as possible When using a computer in combination with USB2SYS make sure there are no processes running in background that may interrupt USB communication Especially when using a virtual machine for running the StudioX app it may happen that the USB connection is slow and not performing properly So do not use a virtual machine for running the app Also make sur...

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Page 341: ...140 Contributors Edits User 333 ...

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Page 343: ...s Attribution 2 5 License http creativecommons org licenses by 2 5 deed en cc by 3 0 Creative Commons Attribution 3 0 License http creativecommons org licenses by 3 0 deed en GPL GNU General Public License http www gnu org licenses gpl 2 0 txt LGPL GNU Lesser General Public License http www gnu org licenses lgpl html PD This image is in the public domain ATTR The copyright holder of this file allow...

Page 344: ... Copies of the GPL the LGPL as well as a GFDL are included in chapter Licenses1 Please note that images in the public domain do not require attribution You may click on the image numbers in the following table to open the webpage of the images in your webbrower 1 Chapter 141 on page 343 336 ...

Page 345: ... php title User SgtLarkin action edit redlink 1 5 https commons wikimedia org w index php title User Potebnia action edit redlink 1 6 https commons wikimedia org w index php title User Potebnia action edit redlink 1 7 https commons wikimedia org w index php title User Potebnia action edit redlink 1 8 https commons wikimedia org w index php title User Potebnia action edit redlink 1 9 https commons ...

Page 346: ...ein 56 Bastique BrandonXLF Chlewey ChrisDHDR Ghouston Guanaco It Is Me Here JarektBot Jdx Jed Paradoc tor Patrick Penubag Perhelion Rocket000 Ronhjones Roomba Shornstein Timeroot Tintazul 57 Shornstein 58 Shornstein 59 Shornstein 60 Shornstein 61 Shornstein 62 Shornstein 63 Shornstein 64 Shornstein 65 Shornstein 66 Potebnia21 Shornstein 67 Potebnia22 Shornstein 68 Shornstein 17 https commons wikim...

Page 347: ...ein 84 Shornstein 85 Shornstein 86 Shornstein 87 Shornstein 88 Shornstein 89 Shornstein 90 Potebnia28 Shornstein 91 Shornstein 92 Shornstein 93 Shornstein 94 Potebnia29 Shornstein 95 Shornstein 96 Shornstein 97 Shornstein 98 Shornstein 99 Shornstein 100 Potebnia30 Shornstein 101 Shornstein 102 Shornstein 23 https commons wikimedia org w index php title User Potebnia action edit redlink 1 24 https ...

Page 348: ...Shornstein 140 Potebnia39 Shornstein 141 Shornstein 142 Shornstein 143 Shornstein 31 https commons wikimedia org w index php title User Potebnia action edit redlink 1 32 https commons wikimedia org w index php title User Potebnia action edit redlink 1 33 https commons wikimedia org w index php title User Potebnia action edit redlink 1 34 https commons wikimedia org w index php title User Potebnia ...

Page 349: ...ornstein 173 Shornstein 174 Shornstein 175 Potebnia45 Shornstein 176 Shornstein 177 Shornstein 178 Shornstein 179 Shornstein 180 Shornstein 181 Shornstein 182 Shornstein 183 Shornstein 184 Shornstein 185 Shornstein 186 Shornstein 187 Shornstein 40 https commons wikimedia org w index php title User Potebnia action edit redlink 1 41 https commons wikimedia org w index php title User Potebnia action ...

Page 350: ...List of Figures 188 Shornstein 342 ...

Page 351: ...ere to find the Corresponding Source Re gardless of what server hosts the Corresponding Source you remain obligated to ensure that it is available for as long as needed to satisfy these requirements e Convey the object code using peer to peer transmission provided you inform other peers where the object code and Corresponding Source of the work are being offered to the general public at no charge un...

Page 352: ...along with each Opaque copy or state in or with each Opaque copy a computer network location from which the general network using public has access to download using public standard network protocols a complete Transparent copy of the Document free of added material If you use the latter option you must take reasonably pru dent steps when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity to ensu...

Page 353: ...each of the follow ing a Give prominent notice with each copy of the Combined Work that the Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are covered by this License b Accompany the Combined Work with a copy of the GNU GPL and this license document c For a Com bined Work that displays copyright notices during execution include the copyright notice for the Library among these notices as we...

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