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5

CONVENTIONAL DETECTORS

When would I use a multisensor?
Multisensor smoke detectors have a heat 

sensing element which makes them more 

sensitive if a fire develops heat as well as 

smoke. This speeds up the response of 

the detector in certain fires where heat is 

generated rapidly, for instance in test fire 

TF5, which is an open, flaming liquid fire 

in which n-heptane is burned.
Multisensor smoke detectors are 

recommended for open flaming fire risks.
If there is any doubt as to whether an 

optical detector or a multisensor smoke 

detector should be used it is wise to fit a 

multisensor smoke detector. 

Where would there be a need to install 

heat detectors?
Heat detectors should be used if it is not 

possible to use smoke detectors. This 

will be the case for example in kitchens 

and smoking areas and where normal 

industrial processes produce substances 

which could be mistaken for smoke by 

a smoke detector, eg, flour mills, textile 

mills or loading bays with diesel-engined 

vehicles.
The type of substance encountered here 

would cause frequent false alarms if 

smoke detectors were fitted, so a heat 

detector is used instead.

Should I use optical detectors to detect 

smoke in all applications?
Optical detectors have long been 

recommended as good general purpose 

smoke detectors. Laboratory tests 

have been carried out to compare the 

performance of optical detectors in 

the standard test fires described in the 

European standard EN54.
The results of these tests are given in 

Fig 1. The graph shows the acceptable 

response in terms of smoke density which 

is given as ‘m’ on the y axis. Detectors 

must respond before the end of test which 

is an ‘m’ = value of 2. The performance 

of Orbis detectors is given as a solid line 

which shows how evenly the optical 

detectors respond to the test fires.
If detectors respond too quickly (the lower 

shaded portion of the graph) they may be 

too sensitive and hence likely to generate 

false alarms.
If detectors respond too slowly (the upper 

shaded portion) they are in danger of not 

changing to the alarm state before the 

end of test.
An even response in the centre is the 

ideal response.

2.00

1.50

1.00

0.50

0.00

TF2

TF3

TF4

TF5

Poor

Test Fires

Acceptable

values

2.00

1.50

1.00

0.50

0.00

Orbis Optical

Orbis Multisensor

Poor

Test Fires (TF5)

Too sensitive

Too sensitive

Acceptable

values

Optical density m(dBm

–1

)O

ptical density m(dBm

–1

)

TF5

Comparisons of response between

Orbis Optical & Multisensor

Figure 2

© Apollo Fire Detectors Limited 2004/JDR

2.00

1.50

1.00

0.50

0.00

TF2

TF3

TF4

TF5

Poor

Test Fires

Acceptable

values

2.00

1.50

1.00

0.50

0.00

Orbis Optical

Orbis Multisensor

Poor

Test Fires (TF5)

Too sensitive

Too sensitive

Acceptable

values

Optical density m(dBm

–1

)O

ptical density m(dBm

–1

)

TF5

Orbis Optical detector response to Test Fires

Figure 1

© Apollo Fire Detectors Limited 2004/JDR

How are heat detectors classified?
EN54 classifies heat detectors according 

to the ambient temperature in which 

they will be working and according to 

whether they may be tested as ‘static’ 

detectors (changing to alarm at a preset 

temperature) or ‘rate-of-rise’ (changing to 

alarm at a preset increase of temperature).
Heat detectors may also be marketed 

without either classification; but then the 

detection characteristics are unknown.
All Orbis heat detectors are tested and 

classified as either static or rate-of-rise.

So what is the best way to choose a heat 

detector?
To make things easier we have produced 

a flow chart which is shown on page 10.

Summary of Contents for ORB-BA-10008-APO

Page 1: ...www apollo fire co uk ORBIS PRODUCT GUIDE Optical Detector Multisensor Detector Heat Detector Mounting Bases ...

Page 2: ...ractive CONTACT POINTS FOR ENQUIRIES AND HELP Technical queries techsales apollo fire co uk Resources literature photos marketing apollo fire co uk Sales enquires sales apollo fire co uk Phone number for all departments 44 0 23 9249 2412 Fax for all departments 44 0 23 9249 2754 Website www apollo fire co uk and compact design means that Orbis will blend in well with all architectural styles Orbis...

Page 3: ...ctor 10 How do Orbis heat detectors work 11 Environmental performance 11 Technical Data 11 Orbis TimeSaver Base 12 Installing Orbis 12 Fitting Orbis detector heads 13 Orbis Features LED Status 13 TimeSaver LX 14 Relay Base 14 Sav Wire Base 14 Heater Base 14 Orbis Adaptor 14 Commissioning made easy 14 StartUp 15 What StartUp indicates 15 FasTest 15 Smoke or Heat Testing 15 Maintenance and Servicing...

Page 4: ...nd electronic The purpose of Orbis is to make installation commissioning and maintenance quicker enhance the reliability of detection and reduce the incidence of false alarms Orbis features TimeSaver Base designed for fast installation StartUp for fast commissioning FasTest reduces maintenance time automatic drift compensation with DirtAlert warning to easily identify dirty detectors SensAlert whi...

Page 5: ...espond before the end of test which is an m value of 2 The performance of Orbis detectors is given as a solid line which shows how evenly the optical detectors respond to the test fires If detectors respond too quickly the lower shaded portion of the graph they may be too sensitive and hence likely to generate false alarms If detectors respond too slowly the upper shaded portion they are in danger...

Page 6: ...nges in sensitivity extra confirmation of smoke before the alarm signal given The algorithms are used to verify signals from the sensing chamber to filter out transients and to decide when the detector should change to the alarm state All this combines to increase detection reliability and reduce false alarms HOW DOES THE ORBIS OPTICALDETECTORWORK Orbis operates on the well established light scatt...

Page 7: ...time 1 second Remote output LED 1 2kΩ connected to negative supply characteristic MECHANICAL Material Detector and base moulded in white polycarbonate Alarm Indicator Integral indicator with 360 visibility See Table 3 on page 13 for details of flash rate Dimensions 97mm diameter x 31mm height 100mm diameter x 46mm height in base Weight Detector 75g Detector in base 135g ENVIRONMENTAL Temperature O...

Page 8: ...high immunity to false alarms The multisensor smoke detector has two sensors one for smoke one for heat and the alarm decision is derived from either sensor or a combination of both The multisensor is a development of the Orbis optical detector described in the previous chapter and goes further in its capabilities of fire detection The optical sensor is identical to the one in the Orbis optical de...

Page 9: ...At 12 volts 20mA At 24 volts 40mA Alarm load 600Ω Holding voltage 5 33V Minimum holding current 8mA Minimum voltage to light 5V alarm LED Alarm reset voltage 1V Alarm reset time 1 second Remote output LED 1 2kΩ connected to negative supply characteristic MECHANICAL Material Detector and base moulded in white polycarbonate Alarm Indicator Integral indicator with 360 visibility See Table 3 on page 1...

Page 10: ...andard EN54 5 2001 classifies heat detectors according to the highest ambient temperature in which they can safely be used without risk of false alarm The classes are identified by the letters A to G Class A is subdivided into A1 and A2 In addition to the basic classification detectors may be identified by a suffix to show that they are rate of rise suffix R or fixed temperature suffix S types All...

Page 11: ... wide range of response characteristics and the choice of the right type for a particular application may not always seem straightforward It is helpful to understand the way that heat detectors are classified as explained earlier and to memorise a simple rule use the most sensitive heat detector available consistent with avoiding false alarms In the case of heat detectors it may be necessary to ta...

Page 12: ...ll switch the remote LED In many installations bases with diodes are specified in order that an active end of line device may be fitted Diode bases are marked OD Loop continuity testing is facilitated as there is a continuity device in the base The continuity device enables power to pass through every base in a loop to ensure that each is connected correctly Once a detector is fitted to the base t...

Page 13: ...Up Confirms that the detectors are wired in the correct polarity Flashes once per second No Flash FasTest Maintenance procedure takes just 4 seconds to functionally test and confirm detectors are functioning correctly Flashes once per second No Flash DirtAlert Shows that the drift compensation limit has been reached No Flash Flashes once per second in StartUp Stops flashing when StartUp finishes S...

Page 14: ...002 APO ORBIS ADAPTOR Part Number ORB BA 10008 APO LED COM IN O U T 1 2 3 4 LED COM IN O U T 1 2 3 4 _ To next detector From control panel Screen Functional Earth Screen Functional Earth COM COM N C N C N O N O RELAY CONTROLLED DEVICE RELAY CONTROLLED DEVICE TimeSaver relay base wiring connections Figure 8 Apollo Fire Detectors Limited 2004 JDR EOL Resistor Remote LED From Control Panel Screen Fun...

Page 15: ...y and that power has been applied to the detector If this is the case the LED will flash red once a second StartUp will not check whether the IN and OUT connections have been transposed This is not a problem if standard bases are used as the detector will operate normally If however diode bases are used and a detector is removed from a base with transposed positive connections none of the detector...

Page 16: ...PP2147 2010 Issue 4 Apollo Fire Detectors Ltd 2003 2010 ...

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