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Agilent 1000B Series 
Oscilloscopes

User’s Guide

Summary of Contents for 1000 Series

Page 1: ...s1 Agilent 1000B Series Oscilloscopes User s Guide ...

Page 2: ...nt that conflict with these terms the warranty terms in the sep arate agreement shall control Technology Licenses The hardware and or software described in this document are furnished under a license and may be used or copied only in accor dance with the terms of such license Restricted Rights Legend U S Government Restricted Rights Soft ware and technical data rights granted to the federal govern...

Page 3: ...es with adjustable sensitivity to filter noise and avoid false triggers Math function waveforms add subtract multiply FFT USB ports host and device for easy printing saving and sharing of waveforms setups screen BMP files and CSV data files Internal storage for 10 waveforms and 10 setups Special digital filter and waveform recorder Built in 6 digit hardware frequency counter Multi language 11 user...

Page 4: ...cal controls channel settings math waveforms reference waveforms and display settings 3 Capturing Data Describes acquisition modes and how to set up triggers 4 Making Measurements Describes voltage time and cursor measurements 5 Saving Recalling and Printing Data Describes how to save recall and print data 6 Oscilloscope Utility Settings Describes other oscilloscope settings found in the Utility m...

Page 5: ...d the default oscilloscope setup 22 Step 4 Input a waveform 23 23 Step 5 Use Auto Scale 24 Step 6 Compensate probes 26 Low Frequency Compensation 26 High Frequency Compensation 27 Step 7 Become familiar with the Front Panel Controls 28 Front Panel Overlays for Different Languages 29 Step 8 Become familiar with the oscilloscope display 30 Using the Oscilloscope Softkey Menus 31 Step 9 Use the Run C...

Page 6: ...n or off channel math or reference 46 To adjust the vertical scale 46 To adjust the vertical position 47 To specify channel coupling 47 To specify a bandwidth limit 49 To specify the probe attenuation 50 To use a digital filter 51 To change the Volts Div control sensitivity 51 To invert a waveform 52 Using Math Function Waveforms 54 To add subtract or multiply waveforms 55 To display the frequency...

Page 7: ...Theory 66 Aliasing 66 Oscilloscope Bandwidth and Sample Rate 67 Oscilloscope Rise Time 69 Oscilloscope Bandwidth Required 70 Memory Depth and Sample Rate 71 Choosing the Sampling Mode 72 To select the real time sampling mode 72 To select the equivalent time sampling mode 73 Choosing the Acquisition Mode 75 To select the Normal acquisition mode 76 To select the Average acquisition mode 76 To select...

Page 8: ...rnate triggers 92 Setting Other Trigger Parameters 93 To set the trigger sweep 93 To set the trigger coupling 93 To set the trigger high frequency reject coupling 94 To change the trigger sensitivity 95 To specify a trigger holdoff 96 Using the External Trigger Input 97 4 Making Measurements 99 Displaying Automatic Measurements 100 To display an automatic measurement 101 To clear automatic measure...

Page 9: ...Overshoot 104 Preshoot 104 Time Measurements 105 Period 105 Frequency 106 Rise Time 106 Fall Time 106 Positive Pulse Width 107 Negative Pulse Width 107 Positive Duty Cycle 107 Negative Duty Cycle 107 Delay Between Rising Edges 108 Delay Between Falling Edges 108 Phase Between Rising Edges 109 Phase Between Falling Edges 109 Counter Frequency 110 Making Cursor Measurements 111 To use manually adjus...

Page 10: ...tory panes 123 To navigate the directory hierarchy 123 To create new folders 123 To edit folder file names 124 To delete folders 125 To rename folders 125 To delete files 125 To recall files 126 To rename files 126 To display disk information 126 Printing Screens 127 To choose a PictBridge printer 128 To print with inverted screen colors 129 To choose color or grayscale printing 129 To copy a scre...

Page 11: ...t up masks 139 Setting Preferences 142 To set up the screen saver 142 To select the vertical scale reference level 142 To select the USB device port function 143 Running Self Calibration 144 7 Reference 145 Environmental Conditions 146 Overvoltage Category 146 Pollution Degree 146 Pollution Degree Definitions 146 Measurement Category 147 Measurement Category Definitions 147 Transient Withstand Cap...

Page 12: ...12 Agilent 1000B Series Oscilloscopes User s Guide Contents Safety Symbols 150 Index 151 ...

Page 13: ...atus Bar Trigger Position and Horizontal Scale Control Indicators 39 Figure 13 Zoomed Time Base Window 42 Figure 14 X Y Display Format Showing Out of Phase Waveforms 43 Figure 15 Vertical Controls 45 Figure 16 DC Coupling Control 48 Figure 17 AC Coupling Control 48 Figure 18 BW Limit Control OFF 49 Figure 19 BW Limit Control ON 50 Figure 20 Waveform Before Inversion 52 Figure 21 Waveform After Inv...

Page 14: ...rement Points 102 Figure 41 Period and Frequency Measurements 105 Figure 42 Rise Time and Fall Time Measurements 106 Figure 43 Positive Pulse Width and Negative Pulse Width Measurements 107 Figure 44 Delay Measurements 108 Figure 45 Phase Measurements 109 Figure 46 Cursors Key 112 Figure 47 USB Host Port on Front Panel 117 Figure 48 Save Recall Key 118 Figure 49 Disk Manager 122 Figure 50 Editing ...

Page 15: ...uide 15 Tables Table 1 Agilent 1000B Series Oscilloscope Models 3 Table 2 Power Requirements 19 Table 3 Environmental Characteristics 20 Table 4 Auto Scale Default Settings 25 Table 5 Front Panel Controls 29 Table 6 FFT Window Characteristics 56 ...

Page 16: ...16 Agilent 1000B Series Oscilloscopes User s Guide Tables ...

Page 17: ...e setup 22 Step 4 Input a waveform 23 Step 5 Use Auto Scale 24 Step 6 Compensate probes 26 Step 7 Become familiar with the Front Panel Controls 28 Step 8 Become familiar with the oscilloscope display 30 Step 9 Use the Run Control keys 33 Step 10 Access the built in help 34 Securing the Oscilloscope 35 This chapter describes the basic steps to take when first using the oscilloscope ...

Page 18: ...uage option other than English is chosen If anything is missing or if you need to order additional probes power cords etc contact your nearest Agilent Technologies sales office 3 Inspect the oscilloscope If there is mechanical damage or a defect or if the oscilloscope does not operate properly or does not pass performance tests notify your Agilent Technologies sales office If the shipping containe...

Page 19: ...uick functional check to verify the oscilloscope is operating correctly 1 Connect the power cord to a power source Use only power cords designed for your oscilloscope Use a power source that delivers the required power Table 2 Power Requirements Name Typical Value Line rating Line 50 W max 100 120 V 50 60 400 Hz 10 100 240 V 50 60 Hz 10 WARNING To avoid electric shock be sure the oscilloscope is p...

Page 20: ...condensing at 60 C for 24 hr Altitude Operating to 3 000 m 9 842 ft Non operating to 15 000 m 49 213 ft Vibration Agilent class GP and MIL PRF 28800F Class 3 random Shock Agilent class GP and MIL PRF 28800F operating 30 g 1 2 sine 11 ms duration 3 shocks axis along major axis Total of 18 shocks Pollution degree 2 Normally only dry non conductive pollution occurs Occasionally a temporary conductivi...

Page 21: ...Getting Started 1 Agilent 1000B Series Oscilloscopes User s Guide 21 2 Turn on the oscilloscope Figure 1 Power Switch Power switch ...

Page 22: ...factory default setup any time you want to return the oscilloscope to its original setup 1 Press the front panel Default Setup key 2 When the Default menu appears press Menu On Off to turn off the menu The Undo softkey in the Default menu lets you cancel the default setup and go back to the previous setup Figure 2 Default Setup Key ...

Page 23: ...a waveform to a channel of the oscilloscope Use one of the supplied passive probes to input the Probe Comp signal from the front panel of the oscilloscope CAUTION To avoid damage to the oscilloscope make sure that the input voltage at the BNC connector does not exceed the maximum voltage 300 Vrms CAT I ...

Page 24: ...ater than 1 1 Press the front panel Auto Scale key 2 When the AUTO menu appears press Menu On Off to turn off the menu The oscilloscope turns on all channels that have waveforms applied and sets the vertical and horizontal scales appropriately It also selects a time base range based on the trigger source The trigger source selected is the highest numbered channel that has a waveform applied The Un...

Page 25: ...base Y T amplitude vs time Acquisition mode Normal Vertical coupling Adjusted to AC or DC according to the waveform Vertical V div Adjusted Volts Div Coarse Bandwidth limit OFF Waveform invert OFF Horizontal position Center Horizontal s div Adjusted Trigger type Edge Trigger source Measure the channel with input waveform automatically Trigger coupling DC Trigger voltage Midpoint setting Trigger sw...

Page 26: ...e a proper connection by firmly inserting the tip onto the probe 2 Attach the probe tip to the probe compensation connector and the ground lead to the probe compensator ground connector 3 Press the Auto Scale front panel key 4 If waveform does not appear like the Correctly Compensated waveform shown in Figure 4 then use a nonmetallic tool to adjust the low frequency compensation adjustment on the ...

Page 27: ...n amplitude of 3 Vp p and an output termination of 50Ω 3 Press the Auto Scale front panel key 4 If waveform does not appear like the Correctly Compensated waveform shown in Figure 5 then use a nonmetallic tool to adjust the 2 high frequency compensation adjustments on the probe for the flattest square wave possible Figure 5 High Frequency Probe Compensation High frequency compensation adjustments ...

Page 28: ...ont panel controls The front panel has knobs keys and softkeys Knobs are used most often to make adjustments Keys are used for run controls and to change other oscilloscope settings via menus and softkeys Entry knob Horizontal controls Run controls Menu controls Vertical controls Trigger controls Softkeys Setup and File controls Math functions Reference waveforms Figure 6 Front Panel ...

Page 29: ...rlay flatten out It should remain secure on the front panel Table 5 Front Panel Controls Controls Consists of these knobs and keys Entry knob For the adjustment of defined controls Setup controls Auto Scale and Default Setup front panel keys File controls Save Recall and Print front panel keys Horizontal controls Position knob Horiz front panel key and scale knob Run controls Run Stop and Single f...

Page 30: ...cope display Channel 1 Status DC coupling 500 mV per division Timebase Status 500 us per division Channel 1 Reference Acquisition Status Waveform Trigger rising edge channel 1 1 56 V Waveform window position in memory Trigger position in memory Trigger position in waveform window Figure 7 Oscilloscope Display ...

Page 31: ...cope Softkey Menus When one of the oscilloscope front panel keys turns on a menu you can use the five softkeys to choose items from the menu Some common menu item choices are Figure 8 Softkey Menus Accesses the next page of items in the menu Accesses the previous page of items in the menu ...

Page 32: ...u On Off front panel key turns off the menu or turns on the last accessed menu on again The Menu Display item in the Display menu lets you select the amount of time menus are displayed see To change the menu display time on page 63 Returns to the previous menu in the hierarchy ...

Page 33: ...y is green the oscilloscope is acquiring data To stop acquiring data press Run Stop When stopped the last acquired waveform is displayed When the Run Stop key is red data acquisition is stopped To start acquiring data press Run Stop To capture and display a single acquisition whether the oscilloscope is running or stopped press Single After capturing and displaying a single acquisition the Run Sto...

Page 34: ...lp The oscilloscope has built in quick help information To access the built in help 1 Press and hold the front panel key softkey or pushable knob on which you would like quick help information The built in help is available in 11 different languages see Setting the Language Menu and Help on page 134 ...

Page 35: ...ies Oscilloscopes User s Guide 35 Securing the Oscilloscope To secure a 1000B Series oscilloscope to its location you can use a Kensington lock or the security loop Security loop Hole for Kensington lock Figure 10 Securing the Instrument ...

Page 36: ...1 Getting Started 36 Agilent 1000B Series Oscilloscopes User s Guide ...

Page 37: ...zontal Controls 38 Using the Vertical Controls 45 Using Math Function Waveforms 54 Using Reference Waveforms 58 Changing the Display Settings 60 This chapter describes how to use the horizontal and vertical controls channel settings math waveforms reference waveforms and display settings ...

Page 38: ...etting using the center of the screen as a reference The horizontal position knob changes the position of the trigger point relative to the center of the screen The Horiz key displays the Horizontal menu which lets you display the zoomed delayed time base change the time base mode and display the sample rate Figure 12 shows the screen icon descriptions and control indicators Figure 11 Horizontal C...

Page 39: ...oscilloscope s sample rate see Memory Depth and Sample Rate on page 71 The time div setting changes in a 1 2 5 step sequence The time div setting is also known as the sweep speed Horizontal scale setting Sample rate Displayed waveform window position in memory Trigger position in memory Trigger position in waveform window Figure 12 Status Bar Trigger Position and Horizontal Scale Control Indicator...

Page 40: ...lloscope enters Slow Scan mode In the Slow Scan mode peak detect acquisition is used so that no data is missed even the though the Acquire menu may show a different acquisition mode setting The oscilloscope acquires sufficient data for the pre trigger part of the display then waits for the trigger When the trigger occurs the oscilloscope continues to capture data for the post trigger part of the d...

Page 41: ...ase on the bottom half of the screen 1 To toggle the zoomed time base ON or OFF either push the horizontal scale knob or press Horiz key followed by the Zoom softkey in the Horizontal menu 2 When the zoomed time base is ON The top half of the display shows the original waveform and the portion being magnified The horizontal scale knob changes the magnification widens or narrows the area of magnifi...

Page 42: ...riz 2 In the Horizontal menu press Time Base 3 Continue pressing the Time Base softkey or turn the entry knob to select between Figure 13 Zoomed Time Base Window Zoomed window Zoomed window view Y T Amplitude vs time This is the typical horizontal time base setting X Y Channel 2 X axis vs Channel 1 Y axis see X Y Format on page 43 ...

Page 43: ... vertical axis The oscilloscope uses the untriggered sample acquisition mode and waveform data is displayed as dots The sampling rate can vary from 4 kSa s to 100 MSa s and the default sampling rate is 1 MSa s Roll In Roll mode the waveform display rolls from right to left and the minimum horizontal scale setting is 500 ms div No trigger or horizontal position control is available Roll mode is use...

Page 44: ...sor measurements Mask testing Math function waveforms Reference waveforms Zoomed time base display Displaying waveforms as vectors Horizontal position knob Trigger controls To view the sample rate 1 Press Horiz 2 In the Horizontal menu the Sa Rate menu item displays the sample rate used for the current horizontal scale setting See Also Memory Depth and Sample Rate on page 71 ...

Page 45: ...eys turn waveforms on or off and display or hide their menus The vertical scale knobs change the amplitude per division setting for a waveform using either ground or the center of the screen as a reference depending on a preference setting The vertical position knobs change the vertical position of the waveform on the screen Figure 15 Vertical Controls Scale knobs Position knobs ...

Page 46: ...p sequence from 2 mV div to 10 V div with 1X probe attenuation Either ground or the center of the screen is used as a reference depending on the Expand Reference preference setting see To select the vertical scale reference level on page 142 The center of screen reference is not available for math function or reference waveforms Push its vertical scale knob to toggle between vernier fine scale adj...

Page 47: ...e position of the ground reference relative to the center of the screen is temporarily displayed in the lower left hand corner of the screen To specify channel coupling 1 If the channel s menu is not currently displayed press the channel key 1 2 3 or 4 2 In the Channel menu press Coupling 3 Continue pressing the Coupling softkey or turn the entry knob to select between DC Passes both DC and AC com...

Page 48: ...2 Displaying Data 48 Agilent 1000B Series Oscilloscopes User s Guide Figure 16 DC Coupling Control Figure 17 AC Coupling Control DC Coupling DC Coupling Status AC Coupling AC Coupling Status ...

Page 49: ...t important to its analysis the bandwidth limit control can be used to reject frequencies above 20 MHz See Figure 19 and Figure 18 1 If the channel s menu is not currently displayed press the channel key 1 2 3 or 4 2 In the Channel menu press BW Limit to toggle the bandwidth limit setting ON and OFF Figure 18 BW Limit Control OFF Bandwidth limit OFF ...

Page 50: ...probe attenuation factor setting changes the vertical scaling of the oscilloscope so that the measurement results reflect the actual voltage levels at the probe tip 1 If the channel s menu is not currently displayed press the channel key 1 2 3 or 4 2 In the Channel menu press Probe 3 Continue pressing the Probe softkey or turn the entry knob to select the appropriate attenuation factor Figure 19 B...

Page 51: ...d or Lower Limit and turn the entry knob to adjust the limit The horizontal scale control sets the maximum value for the upper and lower limits Digital filters are not available when The horizontal scale is 20 ns div or lower The horizontal scale is 50 ms div or higher To change the Volts Div control sensitivity When you need to adjust the amplitude div setting in smaller increments you can change...

Page 52: ...s not currently displayed press the channel key 1 2 3 or 4 2 In the Channel menu press Invert to toggle between ON and OFF Figure 20 and Figure 21 show the changes before and after inversion Coarse The verical scale knob changes the amplitude div setting in a 1 2 5 step sequence from 2 mV div to 10 V div with 1X probe attenuation Fine Also known as vernier the vertical scale knob changes the ampli...

Page 53: ...Displaying Data 2 Agilent 1000B Series Oscilloscopes User s Guide 53 Figure 21 Waveform After Inversion ...

Page 54: ...tiply FFT Fast Fourier Transform The mathematical result can be measured using the grid and cursor controls The amplitude of the math waveform can be adjusted using a menu item selection in the Math menu and the entry knob The adjustment range is in a 1 2 5 step from 0 1 to 1000 The math scale setting is shown at the bottom of the display Figure 22 Math Scale Setting Value Math Scale ...

Page 55: ...ath function mathematically converts a time domain waveform into its frequency components FFT waveforms are useful for finding the harmonic content and distortion in systems for characterizing noise in DC power supplies and for analyzing vibration To display a waveform s FFT 1 Press Math 2 In the Math menu press Operate 3 Continue pressing the Operate softkey or turn the entry knob to select FFT 4...

Page 56: ...VRMS units Table 6 FFT Window Characteristics Window Characteristics Best for measuring Rectangle Best frequency resolution worst magnitude resolution This is essentially the same as no window Transients or bursts the waveform levels before and after the event are nearly equal Equal amplitude sine waves with fixed frequencies Broadband random noise with a relatively slow varying spectrum Hanning H...

Page 57: ...mber of FFT points fS N With a fixed number of FFT points 1024 the lower the sampling rate the better the resolution NOTE Nyquist Frequency and Aliasing in the Frequency Domain The Nyquist frequency is the highest frequency that any real time digitizing oscilloscope can acquire without aliasing This frequency is half of the sample rate Frequencies above the Nyquist frequency will be under sampled ...

Page 58: ...e saving a waveform as a reference set the waveform s scale and position as desired These settings will become the reference waveform s defaults 2 Press Ref 3 In the REF menu press Source and continue pressing the softkey or turn the entry knob to select the waveform you want to save 4 Press Location to choose Internal 5 Press Save To export or import reference waveforms To export or import from e...

Page 59: ...ile you want to import see To navigate the directory hierarchy on page 123 6 In the Save or Import menu To export the waveform press New File enter the filename see To edit folder file names on page 124 and press Save To load the selected waveform wfm file press Import To return the reference waveform to its default scale 1 Press Ref 2 In the REF menu press Reset The scale and position of the wave...

Page 60: ...2 Displaying Data 60 Agilent 1000B Series Oscilloscopes User s Guide Changing the Display Settings Figure 24 Display Key ...

Page 61: ...isplay 2 In the Display menu press Persist to toggle the waveform display between Vectors The oscilloscope connects the sample points by using digital interpolation Digital interpolation maintains linearity by using a sin x x digital filter The digital interpolation is suitable for real time sampling and is most effective at 20 ns or faster horizontal scale settings Dots The sample points are disp...

Page 62: ...key or turn the entry knob to select between To adjust the grid brightness 1 Press Display 2 In the Display menu press GridBright and turn the entry knob to adjust the grid brightness To invert screen colors 1 Press Display Preference 2 In the Display menu press Screen to toggle the screen between Normal or Inverted colors Inverted screen colors are sometimes useful when printing or saving screens...

Page 63: ...y time The menu display time is how long menus remain on the screen after a front panel key or softkey has been pressed 1 Press Display 2 In the Display menu press Menu Display and continue pressing the softkey or turn the entry knob to select 1 s 2 s 5 s 10 s 20 s or Infinite menu display time ...

Page 64: ...2 Displaying Data 64 Agilent 1000B Series Oscilloscopes User s Guide ...

Page 65: ...the Acquisition Mode 75 Choosing the Acquisition Mode 75 Recording Playing back Waveforms 80 Adjusting the Trigger Level 85 Choosing the Trigger Mode 87 Setting Other Trigger Parameters 93 Using the External Trigger Input 97 This chapter describes sampling and acquisition modes and how to set up triggers ...

Page 66: ...ate Sampling Theory The Nyquist sampling theorem states that for a limited bandwidth band limited signal with maximum frequency fMAX the equally spaced sampling frequency fS must be greater than twice the maximum frequency fMAX in order to have the signal be uniquely reconstructed without aliasing fMAX fS 2 Nyquist frequency fN folding frequency Aliasing Aliasing occurs when signals are under samp...

Page 67: ...s the lowest frequency at which input signal sine waves are attenuated by 3 dB 30 amplitude error At the oscilloscope bandwidth sampling theory says the required sample rate is fS 2fBW However the theory assumes there are no frequency components above fMAX fBW in this case and it requires a system with an ideal brick wall frequency response Figure 25 Alaising ...

Page 68: ...bove the fundamental frequency square waves are made up of sine waves at the fundamental frequency and an infinite number of odd harmonics and typically for 1 Ghz bandwidths and below oscilloscopes have a Gaussian frequency response Figure 26 Theoretical Brick Wall Frequency Response fS fN 3dB Attenuation Frequency 0dB ...

Page 69: ...ements Agilent Application Note 1587 http cp literature agilent com litweb pdf 5989 5732EN pdf Oscilloscope Rise Time Closely related to an oscilloscope s bandwidth specification is its rise time specification Oscilloscopes with a Gaussian type frequency response have an approximate rise time of 0 35 fBW based on a 10 to 90 criterion Figure 27 Sample Rate and Oscilloscope Bandwidth fS fN fS 4 3dB ...

Page 70: ...imum practical frequency component From Dr Howard W Johnson s book High Speed Digital Design A Handbook of Black Magic all fast edges have an infinite spectrum of frequency components However there is an inflection or knee in the frequency spectrum of fast edges where frequency components higher than fknee are insignificant in determining the shape of the signal fknee 0 5 signal rise time based on...

Page 71: ...the time of the acquisition which is set according to the oscilloscope s horizontal time div scale sample rate number of samples time of acquisition For example when storing 10 us of data in 10 000 points of memory the actual sample rate is 1 GSa s Likewise when storing 1 s of data in 10 000 points of memory the actual sample rate is 10 kSa s The actual sample rate is displayed in the Horizontal m...

Page 72: ...front panel button To select the real time sampling mode In the real time sampling mode single waveforms are sampled at uniformly spaced intervals See Figure 28 Use the real time sampling mode when capturing non repetitive single shot or pulse waveforms The 1000B Series oscilloscopes provide real time sampling rates up to 500 MSa s when two channels are on or 1 GSa s when one channel is on Figure ...

Page 73: ...alent time sampling mode In the equivalent time sampling mode also known as repetitive sampling multiple waveforms are sampled using randomly differing delays from the trigger to yield higher effective sampling rates In the equivalent time sampling mode the effective sample rate can be greater because the time between samples in the acquisition is shorter Equivalent time sampling mode requires a r...

Page 74: ...de for single shot events or pulse waveforms The benefits of the equivalent time sampling mode are negligible when sample rates are the same as available in the real time sampling mode In the 1000B Series oscilloscopes the equivalent time sampling mode can achieve up to 40 ps of horizontal resolution equivalent to 25 GSa s To select the Equivalent Time sampling mode 1 Press Acquire 2 In the Acquir...

Page 75: ... Guide 75 Choosing the Acquisition Mode The osilloscope can operate in normal average or peak detect acquisition modes You can choose the oscilloscope s acquisition mode in the Acquire menu accessed by pressing the Acquire front panel key Figure 30 Acquire Key ...

Page 76: ...2 In the Acquire menu press Acquisition 3 Continue pressing the Acquisition softkey or turn the entry knob to select Normal To select the Average acquisition mode In the Average acquisition mode acquisitions are made and the running average over the specified number of acquisitions is displayed Use the Average acquisition mode to remove random noise from the waveform and to improve measurement acc...

Page 77: ...rage 4 Press Averages and turn the entry knob to select the desired number 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 or 256 To select the Peak Detect acquisition mode In Normal or Average acquisition modes at longer horizontal time div settings the oscilloscope s analog to digital converter samples at a rate that yields more samples than can be stored in a limited amount of oscilloscope memory Consequently samples are t...

Page 78: ...tored This way you can capture narrow excursions on a signal at longer horizontal time div settings Because minimum and maximum values for a sample period are stored you can use the Peak Detect acquisition mode to avoid waveform aliasing To select the Peak Detect acquisition mode 1 Press Acquire 2 In the Acquire menu press Acquisition 3 Continue pressing the Acquisition softkey or turn the entry k...

Page 79: ...stead of dots and sine x x interpolation is on curved lines are drawn between sample points When sine x x interpolation is off straight lines are drawn The effects of sine x x interpolation are only noticeable when the horizontal scale is set to 20 ns or faster 1 Press Acquire 2 In the Acquire menu press Sinx x to turn sine x x interpolation OFF or ON ...

Page 80: ...re menu press Sequence 3 In the Sequence menu press Mode 4 Continue pressing the Mode softkey or turn the entry knob to select Record To select the source channel for recording 1 In the Sequence menu Acquire Sequence Mode Record press Source 2 Continue pressing the Source softkey or turn the entry knob to select the desired input channel or the mask test output To specify the mask test output see ...

Page 81: ...s 1 Press Acquire 2 In the Acquire menu press Sequence 3 In the Sequence menu press Mode 4 Continue pressing the Mode softkey or turn the entry knob to select Play back To play back stop the recording 1 In the Sequence menu Acquire Sequence Mode Play back press Operate to play back or stop the recording Appears on the menu when not recording press Operate to start recording Appears on the menu whe...

Page 82: ...to select an interval from 1 ms to 20 s To select the start frame 1 In the Sequence menu Acquire Sequence Mode Play back press Start Frame 2 Turn the entry knob to select a number from l to 1000 To select the current frame 1 In the Sequence menu Acquire Sequence Mode Play back press Current Frame 2 Turn the entry knob to select a number from l to 1000 To select the end frame 1 In the Sequence menu...

Page 83: ...e Sequence menu Acquire Sequence Mode Storage press End Frame 2 Turn the entry knob to select a number from l to 1000 To select internal external recording storage location 1 In the Sequence menu Acquire Sequence Mode Storage press Location to toggle between Internal and External To save a recording 1 In the Sequence menu Acquire Sequence Mode Storage press Save 2 If the External location has been...

Page 84: ...cording file See Using the Disk Manager on page 122 To import export recordings 1 Because you can only export and import waveform recordings from an external drive select the External location See To select internal external recording storage location on page 83 2 In the Sequence menu Acquire Sequence Mode Storage press Imp Exp 3 Use the Disk Manager to select the file and import or export the wav...

Page 85: ...ppen The trigger level value is displayed at the lower left hand corner of the screen A line is displayed showing the location of the trigger level with respect to the waveform except when using AC coupling or LF reject coupling modes Push the trigger Level knob to set the level at 50 of the signal s vertical amplitude Figure 34 Trigger Controls Trigger level knob ...

Page 86: ...er Forcing a trigger is useful for example when you want to display the DC voltage of a level signal The Force Trigger key has no effect if the acquisition is already stopped When the oscilloscope s front panel is locked by a remote program shown by a red Rmt on the upper right part of the display pressing the Force Trigger key returns the front panel to Local control ...

Page 87: ...detects a trigger the oscilloscope continues to acquire enough data so that it can draw the waveform to the right of the trigger point The oscilloscope provides these trigger modes To set up edge triggers 1 Press Menu 2 In the Trigger menu press Mode 3 Continue pressing the Mode softkey or turn the entry knob to select Edge 4 Then either push the entry knob or press Mode again Edge Can be used wit...

Page 88: ...ion is found in a waveform The width setting can be adjusted from 20 ns to 10 s 1 Press Menu 2 In the Trigger menu press Mode 3 Continue pressing the Mode softkey or turn the entry knob to select Pulse 4 Then either push the entry knob or press Mode again 5 Press Source and continue pressing the softkey or turn the entry knob to select the waveform to trigger on CH1 CH2 The oscilloscope input chan...

Page 89: ...e video trigger mode is selected the trigger coupling is set to AC 1 Press Menu 2 In the Trigger menu press Mode 3 Continue pressing the Mode softkey or turn the entry knob to select Video 4 Then either push the entry knob or press Mode again 5 Press Polarity to toggle between Positive pulse greater than the width setting Positive pulse less than the width setting Negative pulse greater than the w...

Page 90: ...ing horizontal sync pulses If the video waveform has positive going horizontal sync pulses use the Inverted Polarity selection All Lines Trigger on all lines Line Num Trigger on a selected line If you select Line Num press the following Line Num menu item and turn the entry knob to select the line number Odd Field Trigger on an odd field Even Field Trigger on an even field NTSC Trigger on an NTSC ...

Page 91: ...Capturing Data 3 Agilent 1000B Series Oscilloscopes User s Guide 91 Figure 35 Line Synchronization Figure 36 Field Synchronization ...

Page 92: ... the Mode softkey or turn the entry knob to select Alternate 4 Then either push the entry knob or press Mode again 5 Press Select to select the channel to set up triggering on either CH1 or CH2 At this point the remaining items in the Trigger menu let you set up independent triggers for the selected channel For each source you can set up edge pulse width or video triggering You can also specify ot...

Page 93: ...y knob to select one of these trigger sweep settings To set the trigger coupling Trigger coupling is used to filter low frequency signal components or DC offsets from the trigger path when they interfere with achieving stable triggers Trigger coupling is similar to channel coupling see page 47 but it only affects the triggering system and does not change how the signal is displayed To set the trig...

Page 94: ...kHz cutoff is used to filter high frequency signal components from the trigger path when they interfere with achieving stable triggers To set the trigger high frequency reject coupling 1 Press Menu 2 In the Trigger menu press Set Up 3 In the Set Up menu press HF Reject to toggle between ON and OFF DC Sets the trigger coupling to DC AC Sets the trigger coupling to AC use for waveforms greater than ...

Page 95: ...oscilloscopes you can adjust the trigger sensitivity For example to reduce the influence of noise you can lower the trigger sensitivity by increasing the vertical change required to trigger To change the trigger sensitivity 1 Press Menu 2 In the Trigger menu press Set Up 3 In the Set Up menu press Sensitivity and turn the entry knob to adjust the sensitivity setting The trigger sensitivity can be ...

Page 96: ...new trigger The oscilloscope will not trigger until the holdoff time has expired To specify a trigger holdoff 1 Press Menu 2 In the Trigger menu press Set Up 3 In the Set Up menu press Holdoff and turn the entry knob to adjust the holdoff setting To reset the trigger holdoff 1 In the Set Up menu select the Holdoff Reset menu item to return the trigger holdoff setting to the 100 ns minimum value Fi...

Page 97: ...ring Data 3 Agilent 1000B Series Oscilloscopes User s Guide 97 Using the External Trigger Input You can trigger on external inputs by selecting EXT as the trigger source in all trigger modes except Alternate ...

Page 98: ...3 Capturing Data 98 Agilent 1000B Series Oscilloscopes User s Guide ...

Page 99: ...Measurements Displaying Automatic Measurements 100 Voltage Measurements 102 Time Measurements 105 Counter Frequency 110 Making Cursor Measurements 111 This chapter shows how to make automatic voltage measurements automatic time measurements and cursor measurements ...

Page 100: ... Guide Displaying Automatic Measurements You can use the Meas key to display automatic measurements The oscilloscope has 22 automatic measurements and a hardware frequency counter see Voltage Measurements on page 102 and Time Measurements on page 105 Figure 39 Meas Key ...

Page 101: ...result is displayed as the measurement cannot be performed with the current oscilloscope settings A maximum of three measurements can be displayed at the bottom of the display When three measurements are displayed and you add a new one the measurements shift to the left pushing the first measurement result off screen See Also To display cursors for automatic measurements on page 115 To clear autom...

Page 102: ...ak to Peak Voltage Vtop Top Voltage Vbase Base Voltage Vamp Amplitude Voltage Vtop Vbase Vavg Average Voltage Vrms Root Mean Square Voltage Overshoot Preshoot Vmax Maximum Voltage The maximum amplitude The most positive peak voltage measured over the entire waveform See Figure 40 on page 102 Figure 40 Voltage Measurement Points Vbase Vtop Overshoot Vmax Overshoot Preshoot Vpp Vmin Vamp ...

Page 103: ...eak voltage See Figure 40 on page 102 Vtop Top Voltage Voltage of the waveform s flat top useful for square and pulse waveforms See Figure 40 on page 102 Vbase Base Voltage Voltage of the waveform s flat base useful for square and pulse waveforms See Figure 40 on page 102 Vamp Amplitude Voltage Vtop Vbase Voltage between Vtop and Vbase of a waveform See Figure 40 on page 102 Vavg Average Voltage T...

Page 104: ... root mean square voltage over the entire waveform Where xi value at ith point n number of points Overshoot Defined as Vmax Vtop Vamp useful for square and pulse waveforms See Figure 40 on page 102 Preshoot Defined as Vmin Vbase Vamp useful for square and pulse waveforms See Figure 40 on page 102 RMS xi 2 i 1 n n ...

Page 105: ... plus the hardware frequency counter Period Frequency Rise Time Fall Time Pulse Width Pulse Width Duty Cycle Duty Cycle Delay A B rising edges Delay A B falling edges Phase A B rising edges Phase A B falling edges Period Measures the period of a waveform Figure 41 Period and Frequency Measurements Period Time origin line 50 Top Base ...

Page 106: ... frequency of a waveform See Figure 41 on page 105 Rise Time Measures the rise time of a waveform Fall Time Measures the fall time of a waveform See Figure 42 on page 106 Figure 42 Rise Time and Fall Time Measurements Vbase Time origin line 50 middle 90 upper 10 lower Falling edge Vtop Rising edge ...

Page 107: ...e negative pulse width of a waveform See Figure 43 on page 107 Positive Duty Cycle Measures the positive duty cycle of a waveform Negative Duty Cycle Measures the negative duty cycle of a waveform Base Time origin line Amplitude 90 Top 50 10 Width 0 Volts Base Time origin line 50 Amplitude Width Top 0 Volts Figure 43 Positive Pulse Width and Negative Pulse Width Measurements ...

Page 108: ... Measures the delay between two waveforms using the rising edges Delay Between Falling Edges Measures the delay between two waveforms using the falling edges See Figure 44 on page 108 Figure 44 Delay Measurements Delay from channel 1 to channel 2 falling edge Time origin line 50 Channel 2 Channel 1 50 ...

Page 109: ...urce 2 expressed in degrees Negative phase shift values indicate that the rising edge of source 1 occurred after the rising edge of source 2 Phase Between Falling Edges Measures the phase between two waveforms using the falling edges See Figure 45 on page 109 Figure 45 Phase Measurements Phase Delay Source 1 Period 360 Phase from channel 1 to channel 2 rising edge Time origin line 50 Channel 2 Cha...

Page 110: ...an measure frequencies from 5 Hz to the bandwidth of the oscilloscope The counter uses the trigger comparator to count the number of cycles within a period of time known as the gate time so the trigger level must be set correctly The frequency counter is not available in the Alternate trigger mode To turn the hardware frequency counter on or off 1 Press Meas 2 In the Measure menu press Counter to ...

Page 111: ...urement modes Manual Gives you manually adjustable parallel cursors for measuring time or amplitude between cursors Track Gives you one or two manually adjustable cross hair cursors that track the points of a waveform measuring time and amplitude Auto Gives you automatically adjusted cursors for the most recently displayed voltage or time measurement OFF Cursors are tuned off ...

Page 112: ...4 Making Measurements 112 Agilent 1000B Series Oscilloscopes User s Guide Figure 46 Cursors Key ...

Page 113: ...tinue pressing the softkey or turn the entry knob to select the channel or math waveform on which to make the measurement 6 To adjust the cursors Press CurA and turn the entry knob to adjust the A cursor Press CurB and turn the entry knob to adjust the B cursor Press CurA and CurB and turn the entry knob to adjust both cursors at the same time The cursor values displayed are CurA CurB ΔX or ΔY dif...

Page 114: ...select the channel on which to make the measurement or None to turn off the cursor 5 Press Cursor B and continue pressing the softkey or turn the entry knob to select the channel on which to make the measurement or None to turn off the cursor 6 To adjust the cursors Press CurA and turn the entry knob to adjust the A cursor Press CurB and turn the entry knob to adjust the B cursor The A cursor valu...

Page 115: ...s Cursors 2 In the Cursors menu press Mode 3 Continue pressing the Mode softkey or turn the entry knob to select Auto In the Auto cursors mode Cursors appear for the most recently displayed automatic measurement see To display an automatic measurement on page 101 No cursors are displayed if there are no automatic measurements ...

Page 116: ...4 Making Measurements 116 Agilent 1000B Series Oscilloscopes User s Guide ...

Page 117: ...ing Screens 127 This chapter describes how to save recall and print data The oscilloscope has internal nonvolatile memory locations for saving and recalling waveforms and setups The oscilloscope also has a rectangular USB host port on its front panel to which you can connect a USB drive for saving and recalling data Figure 47 USB Host Port on Front Panel ...

Page 118: ... oscilloscope after saving or recalling data from an external USB drive allow at least five seconds for the data transfer to complete To save and recall waveforms You can save recall oscilloscope waveforms and setups to from 10 internal nonvolatile memory locations in the oscilloscope You can also save recall waveforms and setups to an external USB drive when it is connected to a rectangular USB h...

Page 119: ...d to the front panel USB host port a Press External b Use the disk manager dialog to navigate to the folder where you want to save the file or to select the file you want to load see To navigate the directory hierarchy on page 123 c In the External menu To save the waveform press New File enter the filename see To edit folder file names on page 124 and press Save To load the selected waveform wfm ...

Page 120: ...rnal b Use the disk manager dialog to navigate to the folder where you want to save the file or to select the file you want to load see To navigate the directory hierarchy on page 123 c In the External menu To save the setup press New File enter the filename see To edit folder file names on page 124 and press Save To recall the selected setup stp file press Recall To save screens to BMP or PNG for...

Page 121: ...a in CSV comma separated value format to an external USB drive when it is connected to the front panel USB host port 1 Press Save Recall 2 In the Storage menu press Storage 3 Continue pressing the Storage softkey or turn the entry knob to select CSV 4 To specify the amount of data to be saved press Data Depth to toggle between Displayed and Maximum 5 To specify whether oscilloscope parameters be s...

Page 122: ...isk Manager When a USB drive is connected to the front panel USB host port you can use the Disk Manager to select and name files and folders To access the Disk Mana menu 1 Press Save Recall 2 In the Storage menu press Disk Mana The Disk Manager screen appears It looks similar to Figure 49 Disk Manager ...

Page 123: ...tory pane see To switch between files path and directory panes on page 123 Turn the entry knob to select folders Push the entry knob to navigate into the selected folder To create new folders 1 In the Disk Mana menu Save Recall Disk Mana press New Folder 2 Use the folder file naming dialog to enter the folder name See To edit folder file names on page 124 3 In the New Folder menu press Save Files ...

Page 124: ...ilename when the cursor is in the name field A key when the cursor is in the keypad field When the cursor is in the keypad field push the entry knob to Choose an alphanumeric character for the name and move to the next name character On Aa change from upper to lower case characters on the keypad On En change from single byte to multi byte character entry fields Select the menu item to delete a cha...

Page 125: ... To rename folders In the directory pane see To switch between files path and directory panes on page 123 1 Turn the entry knob to select the folder 2 Press Rename 3 Use the folder file naming dialog to edit the folder name See To edit folder file names on page 124 4 In the Rename menu press Ok To delete files In the files pane see To switch between files path and directory panes on page 123 1 Tur...

Page 126: ...he file 2 Press Recall to load the selected file To rename files In the files pane see To switch between files path and directory panes on page 123 1 Turn the entry knob to select the file 2 Press Rename 3 Use the folder file naming dialog to edit the file name See To edit folder file names on page 124 4 In the Rename menu press Ok To display disk information 1 In the Disk Mana menu Save Recall Di...

Page 127: ...lent 1000B Series Oscilloscopes User s Guide 127 Printing Screens You can print oscilloscope display screens to A PictBridge compliant printer connected to the square USB device port on the oscilloscope s back panel Figure 51 USB Device Port ...

Page 128: ...cope s back panel 1 Press Print 2 Press Paper Size and turn the entry knob to select the desired paper size 3 Press File Type and turn the entry knob to select the desired file type 4 Press Copies and turn the entry knob to select the desired number of copies 5 Press Print Quality and turn the entry knob to select the desired print quality 6 Press Date Print to turn date printing on the image ON o...

Page 129: ...te control features cannot be used at the same time If there are problems when connecting the USB device port to a PictBridge compliant printer or remote computer see To select the USB device port function on page 143 ON This option changes the black background of display image to white This can be used to reduce the amount of black ink that takes to print the oscilloscope display images OFF This ...

Page 130: ...5 Saving Recalling and Printing Data 130 Agilent 1000B Series Oscilloscopes User s Guide To copy a screen to the printer 1 Press Print 2 In the Print menu press the Print softkey ...

Page 131: ... Utility Settings Displaying System Information 133 Turning Sound ON or OFF 133 Setting the Language Menu and Help 134 Performing Mask Tests 135 Setting Preferences 142 Running Self Calibration 144 This chapter describes oscilloscope settings found in the Utilities menu ...

Page 132: ...6 Oscilloscope Utility Settings 132 Agilent 1000B Series Oscilloscopes User s Guide Figure 53 Utility Key ...

Page 133: ...nfo The system information contains Model number Serial number Software version Installed module information To exit press Run Stop Turning Sound ON or OFF To turn the oscilloscope s beeper sound on or off 1 Press Utility 2 In the Utilities menu press Sound to toggle between on and off Appears on the menu when sound is off press Sound to run the test Appears on the menu when sound is on press Soun...

Page 134: ...ss Utility 2 In the Utilities menu press Language 3 Continue pressing the Language softkey or turn the entry knob to select the desired language You can select from the following languages Simplified Chinese Traditional Chinese Korean Japanese English German French Portuguese Spanish Italian Russian If quick help is unavailable in a particular language English is displayed ...

Page 135: ...tility 2 In the Utilities menu press Mask Test To enable disable mask tests 1 In the Mask Test menu Utility Mask Test press Enable Test to toggle between OFF and ON To select the source channel for mask tests 1 In the Mask Test menu Utility Mask Test press Source 2 Continue pressing the Source softkey or turn the entry knob to select the desired input channel NOTE The Mask Test function is not ava...

Page 136: ...t To turn on off the mask test message display 1 In the Mask Test menu Utility Mask Test press Msg Display to toggle between OFF and ON The message display shows the failed passed and total number of waveforms Appears on the menu when the test is stopped press Operate to run the test Appears on the menu when the test is running press Operate to stop the test Figure 54 Mask Test Display ...

Page 137: ... Fail out BNC The Mask Pass Fail out circuit uses optical isolation An external circuit is required to use the signal Before connecting to an external circuit make sure the maximum voltage current does not exceed 400 V 100 mA The output device has no polarity limit and can be connected arbitrarily Fail A mask failure sets the output Fail A mask failure sets the output and causes a beep Pass A pass...

Page 138: ...cilloscopes User s Guide To stop a mask test on the output condition To turn on off stopping the mask test when the output condition occurs 1 In the Mask Test menu Utility Mask Test press Stop On Output to toggle between OFF and ON Figure 56 Mask Pass Fail out ...

Page 139: ...SB drive And you can export and import masks from an exteral USB drive To access the Mask menu 1 Press Utility 2 In the Utilities menu press Mask Test 3 In the Mask Test menu press MaskSetting To adjust a mask s horizontal failure margin 1 In the Mask menu Utility Mask Test MaskSetting press X Mask 2 Turn the entry knob to adjust the horizontal failure margin The margin can be set from 0 04 div to...

Page 140: ...ask menu Utility Mask Test MaskSetting press Location to toggle between To save a mask 1 In the Mask menu Utility Mask Test MaskSetting press Save 2 If the External mask storage location has been selected use the Disk Manager to name and save the mask file See Using the Disk Manager on page 122 To recall a mask 1 In the Mask menu Utility Mask Test MaskSetting press Recall 2 If the External mask st...

Page 141: ...tion on page 140 2 In the Mask menu Utility Mask Test MaskSetting press Imp Exp 3 Use the Disk Manager to select the file and import or export the mask See Using the Disk Manager on page 122 NOTE When importing a mask while the Location is Internal or when importing or recalling a mask while the Location is External the mask is imported or recalled to internal memory To activate the mask you must ...

Page 142: ... the entry knob to select the desired time or to turn the screen saver off Using the screen saver can extend the life of the LED backlight To select the vertical scale reference level When changing the vertical scale of a signal on the display the expansion or contraction takes place about the selected reference level To set the expand reference level 1 In the Preference menu Utility Preference pr...

Page 143: ...mally the USB device port auto detects the type of host that is connected However if there are auto detect problems you can manually choose the type of host that is or will be connected To select the USB device port function 1 In the Preference menu Utility Preference press USB Device to toggle between Computer Specifies the that the USB device port will be connected to a computer host PictBridge ...

Page 144: ... the best measurement accuracy The automatic calibration should be run when the ambient temperature changes by 5 C or more To run the oscilloscope s self calibration 1 Press Utility 2 In the Utilities menu press Self Cal 3 Follow the instructions on the Calibration screen NOTE Before performing the automatic calibration let the oscilloscope warm up at least 30 minutes Figure 58 Calibration Screen ...

Page 145: ...r s Guide 7 Reference Environmental Conditions 146 Measurement Category 147 Specifications and Characteristics 148 Cleaning the Oscilloscope 148 Contacting Agilent 148 This chapter contains reference information for the 1000B Series oscilloscopes ...

Page 146: ...egree 1 Pollution Degree Definitions Pollution Degree 1 No pollution or only dry non conductive pollution occurs The pollution has no influence Example A clean room or climate controlled office environment Pollution Degree 2 Normally only dry non conductive pollution occurs Occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation may occur Example General indoor environment Pollution Degree 3 ...

Page 147: ...ts directly connected to the low voltage installation Examples are measurements on household appliances portable tools and similar equipment Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples are measurements on distribution boards circuit breakers wiring including cables bus bars junction boxes switches socket outlets in the fixed installation and equipme...

Page 148: ...he instrument with a soft cloth dampened with a mixture of mild detergent and water 3 Make sure that the instrument is completely dry before reconnecting it to a power source Contacting Agilent Agilent Technologies contact information can be found at www agilent com find contactus CAUTION Maximum input voltage for analog inputs CAT I 300 Vrms 400 Vpk transient overvoltage 1 6 kVpk with N2862A N286...

Page 149: ...ains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact You must not negate the protective action by using an extension cord power cable without a protective conductor grounding Grounding one conductor of a two conductor outlet is not sufficient protection Whenever it is likely that the ground protection is impaired you must make the instrument inoperative and ...

Page 150: ...ection provided by the equipment may be impaired Safety Symbols Instruction manual symbol the product is marked with this symbol when it is necessary for you to refer to the instruction manual in order to protect against damage to the product Hazardous voltage symbol Earth terminal symbol Used to indicate a circuit common connected to grounded chassis ...

Page 151: ...annel pairs 71 characteristics 148 cleaning the oscilloscope 148 clear automatic measurements 101 clear the display 61 coarse adjustment 52 color printing 129 colors screen invert 62 comma separated value files 121 compensate probes 26 computer host USB device port setting 143 coordinates grid 62 counter frequency 3 counter hardware frequency 110 coupling trigger 93 cross hair cursors 114 CSV form...

Page 152: ...ontal scale controls indicators 39 horizontal scale knob 38 40 horizontal time base 42 horizontal time div 77 I infinite persistence 61 input voltage 23 installed module information 133 intensity waveform 62 internal memory locations 117 internal storage 3 invert a waveform 52 invert screen colors 62 Italian language 134 J Japanese language 134 K Korean language 134 L language setting the 134 LED ...

Page 153: ...ng waveforms 80 Rectangle FFT window 56 reference 46 reference level for vertical scaling 142 reference waveform saving 58 reference waveforms 44 58 reference waveforms export or import 58 refresh rate 3 77 remote program 86 repetitive waveforms 73 required oscilloscope bandwidth 70 Rise Time measurement 106 rise time oscilloscope 69 rise time signal 70 Rmt on oscilloscope display 86 Roll time bas...

Page 154: ...ge measurement 103 Vbase base voltage measurement 103 vectors 44 vectors waveform type 61 vernier adjustment 46 52 vertical failure margin mask 140 vertical position 47 vertical position knob 45 47 vertical scale 46 vertical scale knob 45 46 52 vertical scale reference level 142 vertical scaling 50 vibration analyzing 55 video trigger 87 89 Vmax maximum voltage measurement 102 Vmin minimum voltage...

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