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5

Increasing the
sensitivity of the
earth-fault protection

The sensitivity of the operation of the earth-fault
protection can be increased by using the 1 A in-
put instead of the 5 A input. This is possible in a

solidly earthed network too, because the thermal
withstand is normally high enough when using a
tripping earth-fault protection.

Optimizing the
needed time left
to restart

The approximate time until a restart is allowed
can be read out from register 9 on the measur-
ing module. Also note that this value is updated
even when the motor is in service.  For a motor
with a long cooling time this can give valuable
information on how to cool down the motor
before shutdown in order to reduce the needed

downtime before restart.  If possible, the motor
is allowed to run with a minimum load thus
that the register showing necessary time to re-
start has been reduced to a suitable value. An
idling time of e.g. 15 minutes can save an hour
in cooling at standstill.

Time constant versus
safe stall time t

6x

If the thermal unit is to be set according to the
single time constant of an object the  time con-

stant can be calculated as: 

τ

 = 32 x t

6x

.

  

This is

correct provided that the factor p is set at 100%.

External trip via
control input

If an added function is needed, e.g. under-
voltage, RTD-trip or a similar, an external re-
lay can be linked to trip via the control input
(SGB/5 = 1).  The benefits are that the exter-
nal relay can have a light duty output relay be-
cause the trip is carried out by the SPAM.

Furthermore all event and memorized infor-
mation from the trip instant can be achieved
from the SPAM 150 C also over the commu-
nication link.

Disabling of restart
inhibit for use outside
SPAM 150 C

A switch SG4/2 can be used to lock out the re-
start enable signal when the module SPCJ 4D34
is used in other packages than SPAM 150 C.  This
might often be necessary as the restart enable sig-

nal can otherwise interfere with a trip output.
The switch is found in submenu position 4 in
the register "A" and is normally = 0 but should
bet set = 1 to disable the restart inhibit signal.

Mutual restart
inhibit for multi-
motor applications

If a number of large motors are run in a weak
network, a simultaneous start of two or more
motors may cause complete network break-
down. Under these circumstances a restart in-
hibit logic is needed and the easiest way to ob-
tain such an arrangement is to link the start-up

information from each motor relay to the ex-
ternal control input of all the other relays and
to program the inputs to operate as restart in-
hibit inputs. In this way the start-up of one
motor always prevents a simultaneous start of
any one of the other motors.

Note about the
contactor versus
circuit-breaker drives

Different output relay cards needed for contac-
tor versus circuit breaker controlled drives:

Power and output relay modules type SPTU 240
R2 and SPTU 48 R2 comprise normally open
trip contacts for circuit breaker operation where-
as modules SPTU 240 R3 and SPTU 48 R3
have a normally closed trip contact for contac-
tor controlled drive use. When ordering the re-
lay, this power module type as well as the relay
rated frequency are indicated by the RS-number
of the relay.

The actual RS-numbers for SPAM 150 C are:

For circuit-breaker drive applications:
RS 641 014 - AA ;50 Hz, 80...265 V ac/dc
RS 641 014 - CA ;50 Hz, 18...80 V dc
RS 641 014 - DA ;60 Hz, 80...265 V ac/dc
RS 641 014 - FA ;60 Hz, 18...80 Vdc

For contactor drive applications:
RS 641 015  - AB ;50 Hz, 80...265 V ac/dc
RS 641 015 - CB ;50 Hz, 18...80 V dc
RS 641 015 - DB ;60 Hz, 80...265 V ac/dc
RS 641 015 - FA ;60 Hz, 18...80 Vdc

Summary of Contents for SPAM 150 C

Page 1: ...SPAM 150 C Application examples Technical information ...

Page 2: ...drives 5 Example 1 Protecting a circuit breaker controlled motor in an isolated network 6 Example 2 Determining suitable setting values for a standard contactor controlled direct started motor 9 Example 3 Protecting a direct started motor with a low safe stall time 11 Example 4 Protecting of a feeder cable a transformer or another non rotating object 12 The parameter p of the thermal unit 13 Examp...

Page 3: ...equvivalent product I2 x t An other possibility is also to use the relay unit as a definite time overcurrent monitor The latter in particular is used with non motor applications Regardless of which function mode is used the external input to the relay can be programmed to link an external trip inhibit order e g from a speed switch on the motor shaft to make a dis tinction between a jammed motor co...

Page 4: ...all burden of the relay very small transforming ratios may be used in the cable current transformers in a KOLMA type trans former even as small as 10 1 A A transforming ratio of at least 50 1 A or 100 1 A is recom mended to be used The setting of the earth fault unit is typically selected in the range 5 30 of the fully developed earth fault cur rent and a typical trip time could be 0 5 2 sec The p...

Page 5: ...tside SPAM 150 C A switch SG4 2 can be used to lock out the re start enable signal when the module SPCJ 4D34 is used in other packages than SPAM 150 C This might often be necessary as the restart enable sig nal can otherwise interfere with a trip output The switch is found in submenu position 4 in the register A and is normally 0 but should bet set 1 to disable the restart inhibit signal Mutual re...

Page 6: ...is instead protected by the startup supervision i e Is 2 x ts The start ing current is set directly to the value Is 6 2 x 930 A x 1 1000 6 1 x In whereas the startup time is set at about 10 above the normal startup time in order to give a safety margin for the operation Thus ts is set at 11 s x 1 1 12 s The prior alarm setting can be selected e g Θa 80 90 for a reasonably early alarm Fig 1 How to ...

Page 7: ...utomatically doubled during start up Thus the current setting can be given a value lower than the motor starting current Normally the setting can be chosen to 0 75 times the motor starting current With a suitable operating time set this feature will enable the high set over current unit to operate if the motor is jammed while the motor is running Figure 2 A circuit breaker controlled drive in an i...

Page 8: ...t up 11 s at 6 2 x Iθ Running 5 min at 0 9 x Iθ Running continuously at 0 9 x Iθ Fig 3 The thermal behaviour for two cold starts followed by a motor running at normal load Figure 4 shows a situation where the motor has been running for a long period whereafter it is overloaded until the relay carries out a trip The restart enable relay is reset as the thermal level is higher than the set level whi...

Page 9: ...onger than the given motor start ing time The corresponding time read out from the cold curve gives a trip time of about 16 seconds The prior alarm setting can be selected e g Θa 85 90 for a reasonably early alarm As the start up consumes 9s 15s 60 of the full thermal capacity the restart inhibit level Θi must be set at 40 or lower The cooling factor kc is set at 4 6 beacuse the motor is a normal ...

Page 10: ...start enable relay E contact 74 75 The relay will not allow a restart until the ther mal level of the motor is lower than the set re start inhibit level θi Figure 6 A contactor controlled motor drive with residually connected earth fault protection To stabilize against virtual earth faults an external resistor is added in the return path for the earth fault current to increase the burden for the m...

Page 11: ...nd out whether the motor is speeding up or not a speed switch on the motor shaft is used The switch should be open at standstill and close when the motor speeds up The speed switch information is used to control the start up stress monitor and the setting ts is set a little shorter than the maximum allowed jam time te If the motor starts accelerating the speed switch will inhibit the start up supe...

Page 12: ... switch SG4 3 to position 1 The high set overcurrent unit constitutes the short circuit protection and can be used with settings down to 0 5 x In and with trip times down to 40 ms The start of the high set overcurrent unit can be brought out linked to relay D instead of the motor start up info This is done by setting switch SGR 3 1 and SGR 1 0 Now the start signal can be used as a blocking signal ...

Page 13: ...y the pro tective unit With the normal motor setting of p 50 the relay will notify a 45 50 ther mal capacity usage at full load Generally a choice should be made between 50 for a standard motor started directly on line and 100 for a non rotating object or a soft started motor Only in special cases where a closer adjustment of the thermal characteris tic is needed and the thermal capacity of the ob...

Page 14: ... 71 72 Rx Tx 65 66 IRF 68 69 77 78 74 75 80 81 10 11 1 1 SGB 1 SGB 2 U1 SGB 7 U1 SGB 8 SGB 3 TRIP R SEAL IN Σ ts 1 B C F E D A 3 SGB 4 STALL I O I Io I START I I t 2 RESTART INHIBIT RESTART INHIBIT SGB 5 RELAY RESET θ θ i θ θ a θ θ t SGB 6 EXTERNAL TRIP U1 SPCJ 4D34 U3 SPTK 4E3 U2 SPTU _ R2 s s BLOCK DIAGRAM WITH FACTORY SETTINGS OF SWITCHES SGR SPAM 150 C Note SGB 5 1 Figure 10 Protection of a fe...

Page 15: ...tarts in a row we will get the situation described in the diagram below The three 20 second starts add up to a total of 60 seconds Right after the third start has been initiated the inhibit should be activated as a fourth start attempt is no more allowed This means that the setting of the inhibit level in this case is set at 41 seconds Please note that the start sequence will still proceed even th...

Page 16: ...or of 0 578 is used Example We want to have an unbalance unit sensitivity of about 15 in terms of negative phase se quence current on a motor The unbalance pro tection should operate with an operating time of 10 s at the 15 amount of unbalance We calculate 15 NPS 15 0 578 26 I Thus we can set I 25 on the relay From the trip time chart we can see that a trip time of the desired 10 s at 25 is achiev...

Page 17: ... 3 STALL I O I Io I START I RESTART INHIBIT RESTART INHIBIT RELAY RESET θ θ i θ θ a θ θ t EXTERNAL TRIP I x t 2 s s 25 26 27 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 A 5 A 1 A 5 A 1 A 5 A 1 A 5 A 61 62 SGR1 7 SGR1 6 SGR1 5 SGR1 4 SGR1 3 SGR1 2 SGR1 1 SGR2 8 SGR2 7 SGR2 6 SGR2 5 SGR2 4 SGR2 3 SGR2 2 SGR2 1 SG4 3 I s SG4 2 TS1 SS1 SS2 SS3 TS2 Appendix 1 The complete block diagram for SPAM 150 C with all SGR switches sho...

Page 18: ...05 1 2 3 4 5 10 6 8 I Iθ 100 200 50 10 20 5 1 2 3 4 30 40 1 2 3 4 5 10 6 8 I Iθ 1 05 t6x s 120 60 30 20 15 10 5 2 5 t s 1000 500 300 400 2000 3000 4000 20hot fh4 Trip diagram for a cold condition i e with out prior load The cold curve is independ ent of the setting of the p value Trip diagram for a hot condition i e with a prior load 1 0 x Iθ and weighting factor p set at 20 ...

Page 19: ... fh4 Trip diagram for a hot condition i e with a prior load 1 0 x Iθ and weighting factor p set at 50 t s 1000 100 500 200 50 10 20 5 1 2 3 4 30 40 300 400 2000 3000 4000 1 2 3 4 5 10 6 8 I Iθ t6x s 120 60 30 2 5 5 10 15 20 1 05 100hot fh4 Trip diagram for a hot condition i e with a prior load 1 0 x Iθ and weighting factor p set at 100 ...

Page 20: ...hereafter the cooling follows the lower curve with a time constant equal to the heating time constant as long as the motor is running at nor mal load or idling For a motor at standstill i e when the current is below 12 of Iθ the cooling can be expressed as Θ Θ02 x e t kc x τ where Θ02 is the initial thermal level and kc is the cooling time multiplier according to the set value 1 64 0 20 40 100 60 ...

Page 21: ...l relay blocking control signal 0 Communication speed kBd Bus supervision Relay module address A 1 2 0 000 θ I Io M A I N M E N U R E V S T E P 5 s F W D S T E P 1 s Latest memorized event n value of neutral current Io Previous event n 1 value of current Io 1 2 Latest memorized event n value of unbalance I Previous event n 1 value of unbalance Latest memorized event n value of startup stress Previ...

Page 22: ...k earth fault current when fully developed 100 A Type of load Motor data Type or construction of motor Rated power Pnm kW Rated voltage Unm V Rated current Inm A Start up arrangement direct on line transformer reactance Starting current Is x Inm Actual starting time ts s Max start stall time permitted from a cold condition s from a hot condition s Required number of cold hot starts ___ ___ Special...

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Page 24: ...1MRS 751841 MTI EN ABB Oy Substation Automation P O Box 699 FIN 65101 VAASA Finland Tel 358 0 10 22 11 Fax 358 0 10 22 41094 www abb com substationautomation ...

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