A. Glossary
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A p p e n d i x A
Glossary
10BaseT.
A physical media specified by the IEEE 802.3 standard for supporting Ethernet with a
maximum transmission rate of 10 Mb/s. 10BaseT consists of copper twisted-pair cable normally
used for wiring ordinary telephones. Ethernet is a common technology used for connecting
computers into a local area network (LAN).
100BaseT.
A local area network transmission standard that supports a data rate of 100 Mb/s. Also
known as
Fast Ethernet
. similar in function to 10BaseT.
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP).
Defines the process of mapping an Internet Protocol address
(IP address) to a physical machine address recognized in the local network. An
ARP table
maintains the correlation between each MAC address and its corresponding IP address within a
network. ARP provides the protocol rules for defining this correlation and converting addresses
in both directions. ARP is described by RFC 826.
Advanced Intelligent Network (AIN).
A telephone network architecture that separates service
logic from switching equipment. AIN encourages competition among service providers by
allowing the addition of new services without requiring the re-design of existing switches.
Authentication.
The process of ensuring that digital data transmissions are delivered to the
intended receiver. Authentication also assures the receiver of the integrity of the message content
and source. The simplest authentication method requires a user name and password to gain
access to a specified account. Authentication protocols can be based on secret-key encryption or
on public-key systems using digital signatures.
Authorization.
The process of verifying the identity of a person or device. Authentication is
commonly performed through logon passwords. knowledge of the password is assumed to
guarantee that the user authenticity. Internet business and many other transactions may require
a more stringent authentication process, such as the use of digital certificates issued and verified
by a Certificate Authority as part of a public key infrastructure. Logically, authentication precedes
authorization, although they may often seem to be combined.
Bridge.
A device that connects network segments that use the same protocol, such as Ethernet. A
bridge forwards traffic between network segments on the basis of data link layer information.
these segments would require a common network layer address.
Called Party.
The person or device that receives a phone call or data transmission.
Calling Party.
The person or device that initiates a phone call or data transmission.
Contact.
A device where a user can be reached.