9
Figure 3
ABSORPTION MODE
This is the default, or normal operation, providing an output of 13.6 volts DC. Because RVs today
are designed with converters sized to provide ample DC output power for all DC loads in normal
usage, an RV will rarely require anything other than Absorption Mode.
When a WFCO converter is connected to a battery in Absorption Mode, power is available
for charging that battery whenever the converter output is greater than the voltage level of
the battery.
If the battery is at or near fully charged, the current draw from the converter to the battery may
be very small. On the other hand, if the battery were to be fully discharged, the current draw from
the converter to the battery may be quite high.
Testing has shown that a completely discharged battery (11.9 VDC) connected to a WFCO
converter in Absorption Mode with an output of 13.6 VDC and having a 20 Amp lighting load
connected to the converter will charge the battery to its fully charged level of 12.7 VDC in fewer
than three hours.
Adding more DC loads will lessen the amount of current available and will lengthen the time
required to charge the battery. Batteries with damaged cells will also require additional time to
charge and may never reach a full charge voltage.
Because of the relationship between voltage and amperage, once the converter reaches its
maximum rated operating current level, any increase in the DC load will start to decrease the
voltage output level. When the output from the converter reaches a preset level, the converter
will go into Bulk Mode.
BULK MODE
This is designed to charge a significantly discharged battery in a little less time than Absorption
Mode. The microprocessor in WFCO converters continuously monitors the DC line voltage.
When the microprocessor detects the preset voltage level, it will boost the converter voltage to
14.4 VDC. The increased voltage will help the battery charge faster, while still providing power to
the DC appliances in the RV.
In Bulk Mode, it may not be possible to observe the 14.4 VDC output because of the voltage-
current relationship. To measure the 14.4 VDC, reduce some DC loads while monitoring the
voltage at the converter output. As the DC loads are removed, the voltage will begin to climb
until 14.4 VDC (nominal) is shown on the meter.
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