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1-2

APPI, APCI, and Dual APPI/APCI Modes

APPI mode

In atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) mode, the source is fitted 

with an APCI probe, and the APPI lamp drive assembly is advanced into the 

source.

See also: 

“APCI probe” on page 2-2

 and 

“APPI lamp drive assembly” on 

page 2-2

.

APPI mode

The APCI probe introduces vaporized sample into the source where photons 

generated by an ultra-violet (UV) lamp (mounted in the APPI lamp drive 

assembly) produce sample ions. Direct photoionization of a sample molecule 

occurs when the photon energy exceeds the ionization potential of the sample 

molecule.
A repeller electrode (mounted on the APPI lamp drive assembly) deflects and 

focuses the sample ions towards the sample cone.

APCI probe

Sample molecules

APPI lamp drive assembly

Repeller electrode

UV lamp

Sample ions

Sample cone

Photons from 
the UV lamp

Содержание Quattro Premier XE

Страница 1: ...Waters Quattro Premier XE Combined APPI and APCI Source Operator s Guide 71500112702 Revision A Copyright Waters Corporation 2007 All rights reserved...

Страница 2: ...sumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document This document is believed to be complete and accurate at the time of publication In no event shall Waters Corporation be liable...

Страница 3: ...encounter in this document or to suggest ideas for otherwise improving it Please help us better understand what you expect from our documentation so that we can continuously improve its accuracy and u...

Страница 4: ...consult your organization s safety representative for guidance When you develop methods follow the Protocol for the Adoption of Analytical Methods in the Clinical Chemistry Laboratory American Journal...

Страница 5: ...boratory atmosphere of 10 LC eluate Warning To confirm the integrity of the source exhaust system renew the source O rings at intervals not exceeding one year To avoid chemical degradation of the sour...

Страница 6: ...mperature hazard Mass spectrometer high temperature hazard Warning To avoid burn injuries avoid touching the source enclosure with your hand when operating or servicing the instrument Source enclosure...

Страница 7: ...shock do not remove the mass spectrometer s protective panels The components they cover are not user serviceable To avoid nonlethal electric shock when the instrument is in Operate mode avoid touching...

Страница 8: ...ersonnel should use the instrument for those purposes Calibrating To calibrate LC systems follow acceptable calibration methods using at least five standards to generate a standard curve The concentra...

Страница 9: ...g samples from a complex matrix such as soil tissue serum plasma whole blood etc note that the matrix components can adversely affect LC MS results enhancing or suppressing ionization To minimize thes...

Страница 10: ...the United Kingdom with the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency MHRA at Market Towers 1 Nine Elms Lane London SW8 5NQ The reference number is IVD000167 Waters Corporation Micromass UK...

Страница 11: ...rating viii Quality control ix IVD authorized representative information x IVD authorized representative x 1 APPI APCI and Dual APPI APCI Modes 1 1 APPI mode 1 2 APCI mode 1 3 Dual APPI APCI mode 1 4...

Страница 12: ...oving O rings and seals 4 3 Changing the UV lamp bulb 4 4 Cleaning the lamp window 4 7 Replacing the APPI lamp drive assembly O rings 4 9 Removing the APPI lamp drive assembly O rings 4 9 Fitting the...

Страница 13: ...Table of Contents 3 B Materials of Construction and Compliant Solvents B 1 Preventing contamination B 2 Items exposed to solvent B 2 Solvents used to prepare mobile phases B 3 Index Index 1...

Страница 14: ...4 Table of Contents...

Страница 15: ...1 1 APPI APCI and Dual APPI APCI Modes This chapter describes the Quattro Premier XE Combined APPI and APCI Source operation modes Contents Topic Page APPI mode 1 2 APCI mode 1 3 Dual APPI APCI mode 1...

Страница 16: ...d sample into the source where photons generated by an ultra violet UV lamp mounted in the APPI lamp drive assembly produce sample ions Direct photoionization of a sample molecule occurs when the phot...

Страница 17: ...into the source The sample passes between the sample cone and the corona pin which typically operates with a discharge current of 5 A The corona discharge generates ions that react with the mobile ph...

Страница 18: ...source is configured for dual operation in APCI mode current is applied to the corona pin but the repeller electrode is inactive Dual operation in APCI mode When the source is configured for dual ope...

Страница 19: ...scribes the Quattro Premier XE Combined APPI and APCI Source components and how to install and remove the source Contents Topic Page Combined APPI APCI Source 2 2 Installing the Combined APPI APCI Sou...

Страница 20: ...y comprises A UV lamp A repeller electrode A lamp holder A mounting shaft with indexing scales An aluminum enclosure housing drive electronics An APPI source enclosure side plate See also Figure APPI...

Страница 21: ...APPI lamp drive assembly to move the whole assembly on its mounting shaft The mounting shaft s indexing numbers aid in setting this distance See also To obtain an ion beam and tune the instrument for...

Страница 22: ...y showing the UV lamp and repeller electrode APPI lamp drive assembly fitted to the source enclosure APPI source enclosure side plate UV lamp Repeller electrode APPI lamp drive assembly Source enclosu...

Страница 23: ...been installed the APPI options will not be available in the MassLynx Tune window Ion Mode menu Installing the APPI lamp drive assembly and APCI probe Note To complete this procedure you must perform...

Страница 24: ...ring is in place on the right side of the source enclosure Warning To avoid self contamination with toxic and biohazardous materials always wear chemical resistant powder free gloves at all times whil...

Страница 25: ...cable part number M955286BC1 between the APPI lamp drive assembly s HV electrical connection and the HV connector on the instrument front panel 17 Install the APCI probe to the source and ensure that...

Страница 26: ...at the instrument status indicator is red 2 Wait for three minutes for the desolvation gas to cool the probe 3 Click to stop the nitrogen flow 4 Remove the APCI probe from the source See also The Wate...

Страница 27: ...re the APPI lamp drive assembly to the source enclosure 13 Remove the APPI lamp drive assembly from the source enclosure 14 Ensure that the source enclosure side flange O ring is in place on the right...

Страница 28: ...nstrument s front access door 20 Perform a pressure test on the source Warning To confirm the integrity of the source exhaust system you must perform a pressure test on the source as described in the...

Страница 29: ...and Dual APPI APCI Modes This chapter describes operation of the Quattro Premier XE Combined APPI and APCI Source Contents Topic Page Operating in APPI mode 3 2 Operating in APCI mode 3 10 Operating...

Страница 30: ...all it as described in Installing the Combined APPI APCI Source on page 2 5 2 Fully retract the lamp drive assembly 3 If the instrument has been in use a On the MassLynx Tune window click Press for St...

Страница 31: ...sten the securing clips 8 Close the instrument s front access door Warning To avoid self contamination with toxic and biohazardous materials always wear chemical resistant powder free gloves while han...

Страница 32: ...x Tune window APPI Source tab 2 Click to start the nitrogen flow 3 Click Press for Operate and confirm that the instrument status indicator is green 4 Click Switch Lamp On and confirm that the Lamp re...

Страница 33: ...t up the HPLC pump with LC mobile phase methanol at 200 L min Warning To avoid self contamination with toxic and biohazardous materials always wear chemical resistant powder free gloves while handling...

Страница 34: ...le This position gives the best compromise when first obtaining an ion beam Advancing the UV lamp further will increase the beam intensity but is more likely to contaminate the lamp window 4 Position...

Страница 35: ...ng table Recommended Tune window APPI Source tab parameters Parameter Recommended value Voltages Repeller kV 1 50 Cone V 55 Extractor V 2 RF Lens V 0 0 Temperatures Source Temp C 120 APcI APPI Probe T...

Страница 36: ...m that they have stabilized and are correct 10 Click Press for Operate and confirm that the instrument status indicator is green 11 On the Tune window APPI Source Tab click Switch Lamp On and confirm...

Страница 37: ...Click to start the syringe pump 16 On the Tune window click the Function 1 box 17 In the adjacent drop down list click MS Scan 18 Enter Mass 128 0 Span 10 and Gain 150 Tip These values are recommende...

Страница 38: ...s not already fitted on the instrument install it as described in Installing the Combined APPI APCI Source on page 2 5 2 Fully retract the lamp drive assembly 3 If the instrument has been in use a On...

Страница 39: ...a pin in a safe location Warning To avoid self contamination with toxic and biohazardous materials always wear chemical resistant powder free gloves while handling the components The probe and source...

Страница 40: ...the securing clips 9 Close the instrument s front access door To obtain an ion beam and tune the instrument for APCI mode Obtain an ion beam and tune the instrument as described in the Waters Quattro...

Страница 41: ...l it as described in Installing the Combined APPI APCI Source on page 2 5 2 Fully retract the lamp drive assembly 3 If the instrument has been in use a On the MassLynx Tune window click Press for Stan...

Страница 42: ...use the needle nose pliers to remove the pin Tip Store the APCI corona pin in a safe location Warning To avoid self contamination with toxic and biohazardous materials always wear chemical resistant p...

Страница 43: ...orona pin alignment Note For clarity the lamp drive assembly is not shown 9 Close the source enclosure door and fasten the securing clips 10 Close the instrument s front access door To confirm that th...

Страница 44: ...acent instrument status indicator is green 5 Click Switch Lamp On and confirm that the Lamp readback is green 6 Click Switch Lamp Off and confirm that the Lamp readback is red 7 Click Press for Standb...

Страница 45: ...he instrument for APPI mode See also To obtain an ion beam and tune the instrument for APPI mode on page 3 6 Tip The Tune window APPI APcI Source tab APCI Voltages frame is not used at this stage 5 On...

Страница 46: ...I APCI mode 8 Obtain an ion beam and tune the instrument for APCI mode See also The procedure in the Waters Quattro Premier XE Operator s Guide Caution To avoid damage to the UV lamp when operating in...

Страница 47: ...APCI mode 3 19 To create an MS Method file 1 In the MassLynx window click the MS Method icon MS Method Editor 2 In the MS Method Editor click to delete the current entry from the MS Method Editor 3 Cl...

Страница 48: ...n Editor closes and the parameters are now included as the APPI entry in the MS Method Editor 7 Repeat step 3 through step 6 in this case clicking the required APCI ionization mode API or API in the I...

Страница 49: ...for the Quattro Premier XE Combined APPI and APCI Source Contents Topic Page General 4 2 Maintenance schedule 4 2 Safety and handling 4 3 Removing O rings and seals 4 3 Changing the UV lamp bulb 4 4 C...

Страница 50: ...e lists periodic maintenance schedules that ensure optimum instrument performance The maintenance frequencies shown apply to instruments that normally receive moderate use Maintenance schedule Procedu...

Страница 51: ...on the instrument O ring removal kit Warning To avoid self contamination with toxic and biohazardous materials always wear chemical resistant powder free gloves at all times while handling the compone...

Страница 52: ...owder free gloves Small flat blade screwdriver Small cross head screwdriver Short length of length 4 mm nylon tube Warning To avoid self contamination with toxic and biohazardous materials always wear...

Страница 53: ...the repeller electrode from the PEEK insulator Warning To avoid self contamination with toxic and biohazardous materials always wear chemical resistant powder free gloves at all times while handling...

Страница 54: ...o the lamp drive assembly 8 Refit the cover cap to the lamp drive assembly 9 Fit the repeller electrode to the PEEK insulator 10 Use the cross head screwdriver to fit and tighten the repeller electrod...

Страница 55: ...eep the surface clear of contamination and avoid reduced sensitivity Required materials Chemical resistant powder free gloves Lint free cloth Methanol or isopropyl alcohol To clean the lamp window 1 O...

Страница 56: ...ion with toxic and biohazardous materials always wear chemical resistant powder free gloves at all times while handling the components The probe and source may be contaminated with biologically hazard...

Страница 57: ...gloves 2 5 mm Allen wrench O ring removal kit To remove the APPI lamp drive assembly O rings 1 Remove the lamp bulb See also To change the UV lamp bulb on page 4 5 step 1 through step 6 Warning To ens...

Страница 58: ...e lamp bulb sealing O ring from inside the end of the mounting shaft See also Removing O rings and seals on page 4 3 5 Extract the mounting shaft from the APPI source enclosure side plate 6 Use the O...

Страница 59: ...ove the lamp mounting flange from the APPI source enclosure side plate 9 Use the O ring removal kit to carefully remove the lamp mounting flange O ring from the APPI source enclosure side plate See al...

Страница 60: ...rs Tip If contamination is present use 1 1 methanol water applied to the lint free cloth to carefully clean the grooves 2 Fit the new lamp mounting flange O ring to the APPI source enclosure side plat...

Страница 61: ...the source enclosure side plate then use a suitable tool having a circular cross section to roll the remainder of the O ring into the groove 6 Fit the mounting shaft insertion tool to the mounting sha...

Страница 62: ...y 17 Fit the APPI lamp drive assembly onto the right side of the source enclosure 18 Fit and tighten the three securing thumbscrews See also Figure APPI lamp drive assembly and side plate on page 2 3...

Страница 63: ...V electrical connection and the HV connector on the instrument front panel 22 Close the instrument s front access door 23 Perform a pressure test on the source Warning To confirm the integrity of the...

Страница 64: ...4 16 Maintenance Procedures...

Страница 65: ...des also include the hazard symbols with accompanying text statements describing the hazards and telling you how to avoid them This appendix presents all the safety symbols and statements that apply t...

Страница 66: ...ks include burn injuries electric shocks ultraviolet radiation exposures and others When the following symbols appear in a manual s narratives or procedures their accompanying text identifies the spec...

Страница 67: ...g around such tubing Wear eye protection Extinguish all nearby flames Do not use tubing that is or has been stressed or kinked Do not expose nonmetallic tubing to incompatible compounds like tetrahydr...

Страница 68: ...l surfaces of the mass spectrometer when the instrument is in Operate mode To avoid non lethal electric shock make sure the instrument is in Standby mode before touching areas marked with this high vo...

Страница 69: ...When operating this device follow standard quality control procedures and the equipment guidelines in this section Warning Waters instruments can be used to analyze or process potentially hazardous s...

Страница 70: ...n oder Modifikationen an dem Ger t ohne die ausdr ckliche Genehmigung der f r die ordnungsgem e Funktionst chtigkeit verantwortlichen Personen kann zum Entzug der Bedienungsbefugnis des Systems f hren...

Страница 71: ...e trouvant proximit de l instrument Evitez d utiliser des tubes s v rement d form s ou endommag s Evitez d utiliser des tubes non m talliques avec du t trahydrofurane THF ou de l acide sulfurique ou n...

Страница 72: ...no rigonfiamento nei tubi non metallici riducendo notevolmente la resistenza alla rottura dei tubi stessi Advertencia se recomienda precauci n cuando se trabaje con tubos de pol mero sometidos a presi...

Страница 73: ...Warnings that apply to all Waters instruments A 9...

Страница 74: ...isque d tre d fectueuses Vorsicht Der Benutzer wird darauf aufmerksam gemacht dass bei unsachgem er Verwenddung des Ger tes unter Umst nden nicht ordnungsgem funktionieren Attenzione l utente deve ess...

Страница 75: ...de la m me puissance afin d viter tout risque d incendie Vorsicht Zum Schutz gegen Feuergefahr die Sicherungen nur mit Sicherungen des gleichen Typs und Nennwertes ersetzen Attenzione per una buona p...

Страница 76: ...prise avant d effectuer la maintenance de l instrument Vorsicht Zur Vermeidung von Stromschl gen sollte das Ger t vor der Wartung vom Netz getrennt werden Attenzione per evitare il rischio di scossa e...

Страница 77: ...ls These can appear in instrument user manuals and on the instrument s front or rear panels Electrical power on Electrical power off Standby Direct current Alternating current Protective conductor ter...

Страница 78: ...visories Handling symbols These handling symbols and their associated text can appear on labels affixed to the outer packaging of Waters instrument and component shipments Keep upright Keep dry Fragil...

Страница 79: ...ts Warning To confirm the integrity of the source exhaust system you must address any safety issues raised by the contents of this Appendix Topic Page Preventing contamination B 2 Items exposed to sol...

Страница 80: ...the solvents normally used with these items See Solvents used to prepare mobile phases on page B 3 for details about the most common ingredients used to prepare mobile phases Items exposed to solvent...

Страница 81: ...o cause any problems with the materials identified in Items exposed to solvent on page B 2 Probe adjuster assembly Anodized aluminium glass filled acetal and stainless steel Probe shaft PEEK Push in g...

Страница 82: ...B 4 Materials of Construction and Compliant Solvents...

Страница 83: ...3 C cables drive 2 7 4 14 HT 2 7 4 15 caution symbol A 5 chemical hazard warning A 5 cleaning the UV lamp window 4 7 combined APPI APCI source installing 2 5 removing 2 8 compliant solvents B 1 conne...

Страница 84: ...O rings lamp bulb sealing 4 9 lamp mounting flange 4 9 mounting shaft 4 9 replacing the 4 9 O rings removing 4 3 P pin corona APCI 1 3 3 14 dual APPI APCI 1 4 3 11 3 15 pressure test performing 2 5 2...

Страница 85: ...3 I warning A 2 syringe pump 3 5 syringe type selecting 3 9 T Tune window Analyser tab 3 8 APPI Source tab 3 4 U UV lamp 2 2 cleaning window 4 7 replacing bulb 4 5 turning on 2 3 W warning symbols A...

Страница 86: ...Index 4...

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