voestalpine Bohler URANOS 4000-5000 GSM, Инструкция по эксплуатации

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7.2.1 Steel TIG welding
The TIG procedure is very effective for welding both carbon and
alloyed steel, for first runs on pipes and for welding where good
appearance is important.
Straight polarity is required (D.C.S.P.).
Preparing the edges
Careful cleaning and preparation of the edges are required.
Choosing and preparing the electrode
You are advised to use thorium tungsten electrodes (2% thorium-
red coloured) or alternatively cerium or lanthanum electrodes
with the following diameters:
Ø electrode (mm) current range (A)
1.0 15÷75
1.6 60÷150
2.4 130÷240
The electrode must be sharpened as shown in the figure.
(°) current range (A)
30 0÷30
60÷90 30÷120
90÷120 120÷250
Filler metal
The filler rods must have mechanical characteristics comparable
to those of the parent metal.
Do not use strips obtained from the parent metal, since they
may contain working impurities that can negatively affect the
quality of the welds.
Shielding gas
Tipically, pure argon (99.99%) is used.
Welding
current (A)
6-70
60-140
120-240
Ø Electrode
(mm)
1.0
1.6
2.4
Gas nozzle
n° Ø (mm )
4/5 6/8.0
4/5/6 6.5/8.0/9.5
6/7 9.5/11.0
Argon flow
(l/min)
5-6
6-7
7-8
7.2.2 Copper TIG welding
Since TIG welding is a process characterized by high heat con-
centration, it is particularly suitable for welding materials with
high thermal conductivity, like copper.
For TIG welding of copper, follow the same directions as for TIG
welding of steel or special instructions.
7.3 Continuous wire welding (MIG/MAG)
Introduction
A MIG system consists of a direct current power source, wire
feeder, wire spool, torch and gas.
MIG manual welding system
The current is transferred to the arc through the fusible elec-
trode (wire connected to positive pole); in this procedure the
melted metal is transferred onto the workpiece through the arc
stream. The automatic feeding of the continuous filler material
electrode (wire) is necessary to refill the wire that has melted
during welding.
Methods
In MIG welding, two main metal transfer mechanisms are
present and they can be classified according to the means by
which metal is transferred from the electrode to the work-
piece. The first one, defined “SHORT-ARC”, produces a small,
fast-solidifying weld pool where metal is transferred from the
electrode to the workpiece only for a short period when the
electrode is in contact with the weld pool. In this timeframe,
the electrode comes into direct contact with the weld pool
generating a short circuit that melts the wire which is there-
fore interrupted. The arc then turn on again and the cycle is
repeated (Fig. 1a).
SHORT cycle (a) and SPRAY ARC welding (b)
Another mechanism for metal transfer is called the “SPRAY-ARC”
method, where the metal transfer occurs in the form of very small
drops that are formed and detached from the tip of the wire and
transferred to the weld pool through the arc stream (Fig. 1b).
Fig. 1a
Fig. 1b