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10) Search Light

•

Searches for a light above him
and drives towards it

•

Stops under the light

•

Turns away of shadow and drives
back into the light

Circuit: Light Follower / Braking Mode

For this experiment you need a dark room and a lamp
about 30 to 100 cm above varikabi. Ideally, you can also
move the lamp. However, a

ﬂ

ashlight is not very suitable

because of its focus.
The more you direct the center sensor upwards, the
further varikabi will move towards the center of the lit
area before it stops. If you hold your hand between
varikabi and the lamp, varikabi will try to return into the
light.

Содержание varikabi

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Страница 2: ...requires a 9 V battery which is not included in the package due to limited storability A short circuit of the battery must be avoided because it can cause overheating of the cables and an explosion of...

Страница 3: ...ations is limited to the contract typical foreseeable damage unless there is a case of mandatory liability according to the Product Liability Act The product has been manufactured in accordance with t...

Страница 4: ...l breadboard and are therefore easily modifiable With the help of a clever combination of three brightness sensors varikabi perceives the smallest contrasts in its environment and reacts to them in ma...

Страница 5: ...3 varikabi as a Mouse S 51 varikabi as a Beetle S 60 varikabi Fischertechnik 2 Functions The experimentation manual explains the twelve functions of varikabi It will show you how to build the appropri...

Страница 6: ...1 Assembly What you need 9 V block battery or 9 V battery pliers and side cutters black duct tape for varikabi FT about one hour time...

Страница 7: ...The seven varikabi models...

Страница 8: ...The components...

Страница 9: ...varikabi as a Dog...

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Страница 17: ...varikabi as a Sea Lion...

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Страница 23: ...varikabi as a Frog...

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Страница 29: ...varikabi as a Bird...

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Страница 35: ...varikabi as a Giraffe...

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Страница 43: ...varikabi as a Mouse...

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Страница 51: ...varikabi as a Beetle...

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Страница 60: ...varikabi Fischertechnik...

Страница 61: ...The components...

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Страница 66: ...d Functions The di erent circuit variants allow varikabi twelve functions The circuits and features of the functions are described below in detail varikabi stands still varikabi drives slowly varikabi...

Страница 67: ...tion to lamps or windows If varikabi is supposed to follow or avoid a structure on the ground make sure that the ground does not re ect light Notes on Lighting Note The light of LED lamps or uorescent...

Страница 68: ...t are labeled with the numbers 1 to 9 The fifth row in the middle is concealed at varikabi with the black cable tie and is not needed The resistor limits the current of the two LEDs The colored rings...

Страница 69: ...two series connected transistors The right and left motors require equivalent transistors a so called PNP and an NPN transistor They can be distinguished by their imprint BC516 PNP or BC517 NPN Bend t...

Страница 70: ...ution The phototransistors must be installed correctly polarized The side has a shorter leg and a attening on the protruding collar of the case However you must pay attention to the correct polarity o...

Страница 71: ...ce between the outer two sensors you can adjust the accuracy with which varikabi is supposed to drive on the line Ideally they are a little o the line If they are too close to the line varikabi will p...

Страница 72: ...ou do not have white adhesive tape you can place white sheets of paper on a dark oor for example With the distance between the outer two sensors you can adjust the accuracy with which varikabi is supp...

Страница 73: ...e too strong for this function so that the contrast is strong enough Align the side sensors in parallel or just slightly to the side so they can simultaneously keep a frontal light in sight The more l...

Страница 74: ...size of the object to be tracked The further forward they are directed the more exactly varikabi will follow the object However if they are both directed to the object varikabi will not be able to sto...

Страница 75: ...Mode Adjust the distance of the lateral sensors to the size of the object to be tracked Both sensors should have the object in view at the same time Adjust the angle of inclination of the middle sens...

Страница 76: ...bly avoid obstacles these must be darker than the ground Align the lateral sensors about 45 to the side and slightly to the ground The further the sensors are directed downwards the closer varikabi wi...

Страница 77: ...e g your room oor or a clear table illuminated from above You can also place white sheets of paper on a dark background Avoid lateral light incidence from windows For varikabi to recognize the edge of...

Страница 78: ...ground for example you can cut black paper and place it on a light oor The surface should be round and have a diameter of at least 30 cm Adjust the inclination of the two lateral sensors in the way th...

Страница 79: ...se a place outdoor or underneath a light source which is placed at least one meter high Your hand is the best shadow However be careful not to wear clothes with dark sleeves otherwise varikabi would p...

Страница 80: ...riment you need a dark room and a lamp about 30 to 100 cm above varikabi Ideally you can also move the lamp However a ashlight is not very suitable because of its focus The more you direct the center...

Страница 81: ...you need a dark environment and a lamp about 30 to 100 cm above varikabi A ashlight is not suitable because of its strong focus If you place varikabi on the ground in some distance from the lamp it w...

Страница 82: ...outdoors but not in the sun or a room with uniform ceiling lighting If you hold your hand or a larger object over varikabi it will accelerate brie y and then turn steadily in order not to move out of...

Страница 83: ...s parallel Braking mode cables crossed LEDs Unlike incandescent bulbs LEDs must be properly polarized for them to light up The shorter leg and the attening on the housing mark the negative connection...

Страница 84: ...Acceleration Mode Breaking Mode...

Страница 85: ...arise The following diagram shows how the cables are to be mounted in the rows 2 8 Depending on the selected function connect the motor cables as light or shadow follower Light Follower red cables ar...

Страница 86: ...Light Follower Shadow Follower Caution The red cables are crossed connected...

Страница 87: ...n connections from underneath through the gap between the bracket and the battery Then insert the contacts of the battery cable to the positions on the breadboard indicated below To avoid a short circ...

Страница 88: ...is empty or defective The rubber caps are too far on the motor shafts Only one of the motors is running The left or the right sensor is connected to the breadboard with the wrong polarity A transistor...

Страница 89: ...arikabi gets stuck on the ground varikabi is not placed well or too uneven on the cable ties The surface is too bumpy for varikabi If none of these causes apply to your problem check carefully that al...

Страница 90: ...Follower Braking mode Light Follower All other features of the 12 functions are set by aligning the sensors The obliquely drawn connections represent the blue cable bridges between the sensors and the...

Страница 91: ...Circuit Acceleration Mode Shadow Follower FT2 FT3 FT1 T2 T1 L2 L1 M2 M1 R Bat 9 V...

Страница 92: ...Circuit Acceleration Mode Light Follower FT2 FT3 FT1 T2 T1 L2 L1 R Bat 9 V M2 M1...

Страница 93: ...Circuit Braking Mode Shadow Follower FT2 FT3 FT1 T2 T1 L2 L1 M2 M1 R Bat 9 V...

Страница 94: ...Circuit Braking Mode Light Follower FT2 FT3 FT1 T2 T1 L2 L1 M2 M1 R Bat 9 V...

Страница 95: ...e current IB varikabi uses Darlington transistors with a very high current amplification of 30 000 To supply the motor and LEDs with a current of 0 03 A amps 30 mA milliamperes a base current of only...

Страница 96: ...lled collector circuit because the collector C is connected to a constant voltage battery The red arrows symbolize the voltages You can notice that the voltage at the motor UE is lower by the base emi...

Страница 97: ...e in series This series connection results in a so called voltage divider which divides the voltage of the 9 V battery depending on the illumination of the sensors Examples With exactly the same amoun...

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