Universal Audio 2192, Руководство пользователя

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Glossary of Terms
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D/A - An acronym for “Digital to Analog,” referring to the conversion of digital signal to analog.
DAW - An acronym for “Digital Audio Workstation”—that is, any device that can record, play back, edit,
and process digital audio.
dB - Short for “decibel,” a logarithmic unit of measure used to determine, among other things,
power ratios, voltage gain, and sound pressure levels.
dBm - Short for “decibels as referenced to milliwatt,” dissipated in a standard load of 600 ohms.
1 dBm into 600 ohms results in 0.775 volts RMS.
dBV - Short for “decibels as referenced to voltage,” without regard for impedance; thus, one volt equals
one dBV.
Digital - Information or data that is stored or communicated as a series of bits (binary digits, with values
of 0 or 1). Digital audio refers to the representation of varying sound pressure levels by means of a series of
numbers. (see “Analog” and “Bit”)
Dither - Minute amounts of shaped noise added intentionally to a digital recording in order to reduce a
form of distortion known as “quantization noise” and aid in low level sound resolution.
DSP - An acronym for “digital signal processing.”
Dual Wire - (sometimes referred to as “Double Wide”) A revised format of AES/EBU data transfer that
accommodates sample rates of 176.4kHz or 192kHz. The Dual Wire standard breaks the digital audio up
into two different data streams and transmits them over separate connectors and cables. Dual Wire mode
requires two AES “channels” to transmit a stereo pair of audio channels. Most modern high resolution
digital audio equipment utilizes the newer Single Wire mode, but some legacy devices (such as some Pro
Tools systems) use Dual Wire mode. The 2192 supports both Dual Wire and Single Wire mode for the
transmission and reception of high resolution AES audio. (See “AES,” “High resolution,” “kHz,” and “Single
Wire”)
Dynamic range - The difference between the loudest sections of a piece of music and the softest ones. The
dynamic range of human hearing (that is, the difference between the very softest passages we can discern
and the very loudest ones we can tolerate) is considered to be approximately 120 dB. Modern digital audio
devices such as the 2192 are able to match (or even exceed) that range. (see “Bit resolution”)
External clock - A clock signal derived from an external source. (see “Clock”)
Front end - Refers to a device that provides analog and digital input/output (I/O) to a digital audio
workstation (DAW). (see “DAW”)
High resolution - In digital audio, refers to 24-bit signals at sampling rates of 88.2kHz or higher.
Hz - Short for “Hertz,” a unit of measurement describing a single analog audio cycle (or digital sample) per
second.