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TV 5545

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9,DZȜȞȖȐțȎȟȚȓȟȖ

  ȟȚȎȕȐȎțȓ

ȽɈɊɂȼɇȺɋɆȿɋ

Ɂɚ ɩɨɫɬɢɝɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɧɚɣɞɨɛɪɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɬɚɬɢ ɢɡ
ɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɛɟɡɨɥɨɜɟɧɛɟɧɡɢɧɫɴɫɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɨ
ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɫɦɟɫɟɧ ɫɴɫ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɧɨ ɬɚɤɬɨɜɨ
ɦɚɫɥɨ ɦɚɪɤɚ 63$5.< ɜ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɹ  ɂɡ
ɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɩɨɫɨɱɟɧɢɬɟɜɌɚɛɥɢɰɚɬɚɡɚɩɪɢɝɨɬ
ɜɹɧɟɧɚɝɨɪɢɜɧɚɫɦɟɫɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɢɡɚɫɦɟɫɜɚɧɟ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ

ɇɟɫɟɞɨɩɭɫɤɚ

ɡɚɪɟɠɞɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɬɪɢɨɧɚ ɫ ɱɢɫɬ ɛɟɧɡɢɧ Ɍɨɜɚ
ɳɟɩɪɟɞɢɡɜɢɤɚɬɪɚɣɧɚɩɨɜɪɟɞɚɧɚɞɜɢɝɚɬɟ
ɥɹɢɚɧɭɥɢɪɚɝɚɪɚɧɰɢɹɬɚɧɚɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ
ɡɚɬɨɜɚɢɡɞɟɥɢɟɇɢɤɨɝɚɧɟɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɝɨ
ɪɢɜɧɚɫɦɟɫɤɨɹɬɨɟɫɴɯɪɚɧɹɜɚɧɚɩɨɜɟɱɟɨɬ
ɞɧɢ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ

 ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɣ ɱɟ

ɫɟ ɧɚɥɚɝɚ ɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɬɚɤɬɨɜɨ ɫɦɚ
ɡɨɱɧɨ ɦɚɫɥɨ ɤɨɟɬɨ ɧɟ ɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɧɨ ɩɪɨ
ɢɡɜɟɠɞɚɧɨɬɨ ɦɚɫɥɨ 63$5.< ɬɨ ɬɪɹɛɜɚ
ɞɚ ɛɴɞɟ ɜɢɫɨɤɨɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɨ ɦɚɫɥɨ ɡɚ ɬɚ
ɤɬɨɜɢ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɢ ɫ ɜɴɡɞɭɲɧɨ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɚɧɟ
ɫɦɟɫɟɧɨ ɜ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɹ  ɇɟ ɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣ
ɬɟ ɬɚɤɬɨɜɢ ɫɦɚɡɨɱɧɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢ ɫ ɩɪɟɩɨ
ɪɴɱɢɬɟɥɧɚ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɹ ɧɚ ɫɦɟɫɜɚɧɟ 
Ⱥɤɨ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɚɬɚ ɡɚ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɚ ɧɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɟ
ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɴɱɧɨ ɫɦɚɡɜɚɧɟ ɬɨɜɚ ɚɧɭɥɢɪɚ ɝɚ
ɪɚɧɰɢɹɬɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ ɡɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ

ɉɊɂȽɈɌȼəɇȿɇȺȽɈɊɂȼɇȺɋɆȿɋ

ɋɦɟɫɟɬɟɝɨɪɢɜɨɬɨɫɬɚɤɬɨɜɨɫɦɚɡɨɱɧɨɦɚɫɥɨ
ɦɚɪɤɚ63$5.<ɜɭɡɚɤɨɧɟɧɡɚɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɧɟɫɴɞ
ɂɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟɌɚɛɥɢɰɚɬɚɡɚɩɪɢɝɨɬɜɹɧɟɧɚɝɨɪɢɜ
ɧɚɫɦɟɫɡɚɩɪɚɜɢɥɧɨɬɨɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɧɟɧɚɩɪɨɩɨɪ
ɰɢɹɬɚɛɟɧɡɢɧɤɴɦɦɚɫɥɨ
Ɋɚɡɬɴɪɫɟɬɟ ɫɴɞɚ ɡɚ ɞɚ ɩɨɫɬɢɝɧɟɬɟ ɩɴɥɧɨ ɪɚɡ
ɦɟɫɜɚɧɟ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ

 Ʌɢɩɫɚɬɚ ɧɚ

ɫɦɚɡɨɱɧɨ ɦɚɫɥɨ ɚɧɭɥɢɪɚ ɝɚɪɚɧɰɢɹɬɚ ɡɚ
ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ

  

ɋɦɟɫɨɬɛɟɧɡɢɧɢɫɦɚ
ɡɨɱɧɨɦɚɫɥɨ

ɋɚɦɨɫɦɚɡɨɱɧɨ

ɦɚɫɥɨ

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚɡɚɩɪɢɝɨɬɜɹɧɟɧɚɝɨɪɢɜɧɚɫɦɟɫ

Ȼɟɧɡɢɧ

ɋɦɚɡɨɱɧɨɦɚɫɥɨ63$5.<

ɥɢɬɪɢ

ɥɢɬɪɢ

cm

3

1

25

2

50

3

75

5

125

10

250

ɉɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɹɧɚ
ɫɦɟɫɜɚɧɟ

ɱɚɫɬɢɛɟɧɡɢɧɤɴɦ
ɱɚɫɬɫɦɚɡɨɱɧɨɦɚɫɥɨ

ɉɊȿɉɈɊɔɄɂɁȺȽɈɊɂȼɈɌɈ

ɇɹɤɨɢ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɢ ɦɚɪɤɢ ɛɟɧɡɢɧ ɫɟ ɫɦɟɫɜɚɬ ɫ
ɨɤɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɢ ɤɚɬɨ ɚɥɤɨɯɨɥ ɢɥɢ ɫɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ
ɟɬɟɪɚɡɚɞɚɨɬɝɨɜɚɪɹɬɧɚɢɡɢɫɤɜɚɧɢɹɬɚɡɚɱɢɫ
ɬɨɬɚɧɚɜɴɡɞɭɯɚ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹɬɧɚɜɟɪɢɠɧɢɹɬɪɢɨɧ63$5.<ɟɩɪɨɟɤ
ɬɢɪɚɧɞɚɪɚɛɨɬɢɫɜɫɹɤɚɤɴɜɛɟɧɡɢɧɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚ
ɱɟɧɡɚɡɚɪɟɠɞɚɧɟɧɚɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɢɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɧɨ
ɢɬɚɤɴɜɫɦɟɫɟɧɫɨɤɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɢ

ɋɆȺɁȼȺɇȿɇȺȼȿɊɂȽȺɌȺɂɒɂɇȺɌȺ

Ʉɨɝɚɬɨ ɡɚɪɟɠɞɚɬɟ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɨɚɪɚ ɡɚ ɝɨɪɢɜɨ ɜɢ
ɧɚɝɢ ɞɨɩɴɥɜɚɣɬɟ ɢ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɨɚɪɚ ɡɚ ɦɚɫɥɨ ɡɚ
ɜɟɪɢɝɚɬɚɁɚɬɚɡɢɰɟɥɩɪɟɩɨɪɴɱɜɚɦɟɭɩɨɬɪɟ
ɛɚɬɚ ɧɚ ɫɦɚɡɨɱɧɨ ɦɚɫɥɨ 63$5.< ɤɨɟɬɨ ɫɴ
ɞɴɪɠɚ ɞɨɛɚɜɤɢ ɡɚ ɧɚɦɚɥɹɜɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɬɪɢɟɧɟɬɨ
ɢɢɡɧɨɫɜɚɧɟɬɨɤɚɤɬɨɢɫɪɟɳɭɧɚɬɪɭɩɜɚɧɟɧɚ
ɫɦɨɥɚɜɴɪɯɭɲɢɧɚɬɚɢɜɟɪɢɝɚɬɚ

9,,ȁȘȎȕȎțȖȭȕȎȞȎȏȜȠȎ

ɉɊȿȾɉɍɋɄɈȼȺɉɊɈȼȿɊɄȺɇȺ
ȾȼɂȽȺɌȿɅə

 Ɂɚɪɟɞɟɬɟɪɟɡɟɪɜɨɚɪɚɡɚɝɨɪɢɜɨ$ɫɩɪɚ

ɜɢɥɧɚɬɚɝɨɪɢɜɧɚɫɦɟɫ

Ɏɢɝ

.

ɇɚɩɴɥɧɟɬɟɪɟɡɟɪɜɨɚɪɚɡɚɦɚɫɥɨ%ɫɩɪɚ

ɜɢɥɧɨ ɩɨɞɛɪɚɧɚɬɚ ɫɦɚɡɤɚ ɡɚ ɜɟɪɢɝɚɬɚ ɢ
ɲɢɧɚɬɚ

Ɏɢɝ

.

ɍɛɟɞɟɬɟɫɟɱɟɫɩɢɪɚɱɤɚɬɚɧɚɜɟɪɢɝɚɬɚ&

ɟ ɨɫɜɨɛɨɞɟɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɢ ɞɚ ɩɭɫɧɟɬɟ ɬɪɢɨɧɚ

Ɏɢɝ

.

tv 5545-cs2.indd   80

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Содержание TV 5545

Страница 1: ...FKVDQZHLVXQJ ȾȿɄɅȺɊȺɐɂə ɁȺ ɋɔɈɌȼȿɌɋɌȼɂȿ ɋɉȺɊɄɂ ȿɅɌɈɋ ȺȾ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɢɪɚ ɱɟ ȻȿɇɁɂɇɈȼ ȼȿɊɂɀȿɇ ɌɊɂɈɇ TV 5545 ɫɴɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɚ ɧɚ ɢɡɢɫɤɜɚɧɢɹɬɚ ɧɚ ɫɥɟɞɧɢɬɟ ɧɚɪɟɞɛɢ ɇɚɪɟɞɛɚ ɡɚ ɦɚɲɢɧɢɬɟ ɉɆɋ ɇɚɪɟɞɛɚ ɡɚ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɚ ɫɴɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬ ɉɆɋ ɤɚɤɬɨ ɢ ɧɚ ɫɥɟɞɧɢɬɟ ȻȾɋ ɜɴɜɟɥɢ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɬɟ ɯɚɪɦɨɧɢɡɢɪɚɧɢ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɢ ȻȾɋ ȿ1 ȻȾɋ 1 ȻȾɋ 1 ɋɉȺɊɄɂ ȿɅɌɈɋ ȺȾ ɭɥ ÄɄɭɛɪɚɬ Ʌɨɜɟɱ Ȼɴɥɝɚɪɢɹ ɇɢɤɨɥɚɣ Ʉɴɥɛɨɜ ɂɡɩɴɥɧɢɬɟɥɟɧ Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɨɪ 06 www sparkygroup...

Страница 2: ... 4 7 3 1721 ...

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Страница 4: ...UQLQJ DQJHU HZDUH RI NLFNEDFN ROG FKDLQ VDZ UPO ZLWK ERWK KDQGV ZKHQ XVLQJ 0DNH VXUH WKH FKDLQ EUDNH LV GLVHQJDJHG 3XOO KDQG JXDUG FKDLQ EUDNH EDFN WR UXQ FRXVWLF SRZHU OHYHO LQ DFFRUGDQFH ZLWK LUHFWLYH RQIRUPV WR WKH UHTXLUHPHQWV RI 5XVVLDQ VWDQGDUGV DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 7KHUH DUH V PEROV PDUNHG RQ RXU WRRO 7KHVH UHSUHVHQW LPSRUWDQW LQIRUPDWLRQ DERXW WKH SURGXFW RU instructions on its use tv 55...

Страница 5: ...W path from the falling tree HHS DOO SDUWV RI RXU ERG DZD IURP WKH VDZ chain when the engine is running HIRUH RX VWDUW WKH HQJLQH PDNH VXUH WKDW WKH VDZ FKDLQ LV QRW FRQWDFWLQJ DQ WKLQJ DUU WKH FKDLQ VDZ ZLWK WKH HQJLQH VWRSSHG WKH JXLGH EDU DQG VDZ FKDLQ WR WKH UHDU DQG WKH PXIÀHU DZD IURP RXU ERG R QRW RSHUDWH D FKDLQ VDZ WKDW LV GDPDJHG LPSURSHUO DGMXVWHG RU QRW FRPSOHWHO DQG VHFXUHO DVVHPEOHG ...

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Страница 7: ... ROG VDZ SURSHUO ZLWK ERWK KDQGV IV Know your product XLGH DU 6DZ KDLQ 6DZ KDLQ GMXVWPHQW 6FUHZ 6SDUN UUHVWHU 6FUHHQ KDLQ UDNH HYHU DQG XDUG URQW DQGOH 6WDUWHU DQGOH 6SDUN 3OXJ LU OHDQHU RYHU 6WRS 6ZLWFK 6DIHW 7ULJJHU 2LO 7DQN DS 6WDUWHU RYHU XHO 7DQN DS 5HDU DQGOH 7KURWWOH DWFK KRNH HYHU DU 5HWDLQLQJ 1XWV 19 Throttle Trigger 20 Chain Catcher KDLQ UDNH RYHU 6SLNHG XPSHU XLGH DU RYHU SAFETY FEATURE...

Страница 8: ...s illustrated Guide bar installation 0DNH VXUH WKH FKDLQ EUDNH OHYHU LV SXOOHG EDFN into the disengaged position Fig 3B 5HPRYH WKH EDU UHWDLQLQJ QXWV RRVHQ WKH VFUHZV DW WKH UHDU RI WKH FOXWFK FRYHU 5HPRYH WKH FRYHU Fig 3C 8VLQJ D VFUHZGULYHU UXQ WKH DGMXVWPHQW VFUHZ FRXQWHUFORFNZLVH XQWLO WKH WDQJ SUR MHFWLQJ SURQJ LV WR WKH HQG RI LWV WUDYHO WRZDUG the clutch drum and sprocket Fig 3D 3ODFH WKH V...

Страница 9: ...O WKH ZD DURXQG WKH JXLGH EDU Fig 4B IWHU PDNLQJ DGMXVWPHQW DQG ZKLOH VWLOO KROG LQJ QRVH RI EDU LQ WKH XSSHUPRVW SRVLWLRQ WLJKW HQ WKH EDU UHWDLQLQJ QXWV VHFXUHO KDLQ KDV SURSHU WHQVLRQ ZKHQ LW KDV D VQXJ W DOO DURXQG DQG FDQ EH SXOOHG DURXQG E JORYHG KDQG NOTE I FKDLQ LV GLI FXOW WR URWDWH RQ JXLGH EDU RU LI LW ELQGV WRR PXFK WHQVLRQ KDV EHHQ DSSOLHG 7KLV UHTXLUHV PLQRU DGMXVWPHQW DV IROORZV RRV...

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Страница 13: ...NH VXUH QR E VWDQGHUV KDYH HQWHUHG WKH UDQJH RI WKH IDOOLQJ WUHH EHIRUH RX SXVK LW RYHU WARNING HIRUH PDNLQJ WKH QDO FXW DOZD V UHFKHFN WKH DUHD IRU E VWDQGHUV animals or obstacles Felling cut 8VH ZRRGHQ RU SODVWLF ZHGJHV WR SUHYHQW ELQGLQJ WKH EDU RU FKDLQ LQ WKH FXW HGJHV also control felling Fig 10C KHQ GLDPHWHU RI ZRRG EHLQJ FXW LV JUHDWHU WKDQ WKH EDU OHQJWK PDNH FXWV DV VKRZQ Fig 10D Fig 10C...

Страница 14: ... EDU DUH EHLQJ SURSHUO lubricated IX Maintenance OO FKDLQ VDZ VHUYLFH RWKHU WKDQ LWHPV OLVWHG KHUH LQ RXU XVHU PDQXDO PDLQWHQDQFH LQVWUXFWLRQV PXVW EH DFFRPSOLVKHG E DXWKRULVHG SHUVRQV LQ DXWKRULVHG VHUYLFH FHQWUHV IRU ZDUUDQW DQG SRVW ZDUUDQW VHUYLFLQJ RI 63 5 WRROV PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE JRRG SUHYHQWLYH PDLQWHQDQFH SURJUDP RI UHJX lar inspection and care will increase life and im SURYH SHUIRUPDQ...

Страница 15: ...ap C D B A Fig 15 D C A B Fig 16 OIL FILTER NOTE Drain oil tank before changing filter 1 Disconnect oil hose A from pump fitting B 2 Use a wire with a hook C and pull oil filter D IURP WDQN 5HPRYH ILOWHU DQG KRVH FRPSOHWHO QVHUW D OHQJWK RI KRVH LQWR WDQN DQG SXOO LW through filler opening QVWDOO D QHZ ILOWHU RQ KRVH DQG SXOO KRVH EDFN into tank so filter is positioned in bottom of tank 5 Cut hose...

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Страница 53: ...QHXVH HVW SRXUYXH G XQ V VWqPH GH OXEUL FDWLRQ DXWRPDWLTXH ENTRETIEN DE LA CHAÎNE Tension de la chaîne RQWU OH VRXYHQW OD WHQVLRQ GH OD FKDvQH HW pYHQ WXHOOHPHQW SURFpGH j VRQ UpJODJH SRXU OD JDUGHU DMXVWHPHQW VHUUpH DX JXLGH FKDvQH WRXW HQ OD ODLV VDQW FHSHQGDQW DVVH GpWHQGXH SRXU rWUH WRXUQpH j OD PDLQ VDQV HIIRUW Rodage d une chaîne neuve 4XDQG OD FKDvQH HW VRQ JXLGH VRQW QHXIV OD FKDvQH GHYUD ...

Страница 54: ... IRQFWLRQQH j puissance faible 0DXYDLVH SRVLWLRQ GX OHYLHU GH O pWUDQJOHXU 0HWWUH OH OHYLHU GH O pWUDQJOHXU HQ SRVLWLRQ 55Ç7 FUDQ SDUH pWLQFHOOHV VDOH KDQJH O pFUDQ SDUH pWLQFHOOHV LOWUH j DLU VDOH 6RUWH QHWWR H HW UHSODFH GH QRXYHDX OH OWUH 0DXYDLV UpJODJH GX FDUEXUDWHXU 5pJOHU OH FDUEXUDWHXU GDQV XQ VHUYLFH DSUqV YHQWH DJUpp RQFWLRQQHPHQW VDFFDGp GX PRWHXU 0DXYDLV UpJODJH GX FDUEXUDWHXU 5pJOHU O...

Страница 55: ...ɰɢɸ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɦɨɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɧɢɠɟ ɜ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɭ ǰȐȓȒȓțȖȓ ɇɨɜɨɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɧɚɹ ȼɚɦɢ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɜɚɹ ɰɟɩɧɚɹ ɩɢɥɚ 63 5 ɩɪɟɜɡɨɣɞɟɬ ȼɚɲɢ ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɹ Ɉɧɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚɦɢ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ 63 5 ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɫɬɪɨɝɢɦ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɹ Ʌɟɝɤɚ ɜ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɢ ɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɚ ɩɪɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶ ɧɨɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɷɬɚ ɰɟɩɧɚɹ ɩɢɥɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɫɥɭɠɢɬɶ ȼɚɦ ɞɨɥɝɢɟ ɝɨɞɵ ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂ...

Страница 56: ...ɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɭɸ ɨɛɭɜɶ ȼɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ Ɉɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ Ȼɟɪɟɝɢɬɟɫɶ ɨɬɫɤɨɤɚ ɉɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɤɪɟɩɤɨ ɞɟɪɠɢɬɟ ɩɢɥɭ ɨɛɟɢɦɢ ɪɭɤɚɦɢ ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɬɨɪɦɨɡ ɰɟɩɢ ɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɟɧ Ⱦɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɨɬɬɹɧɢɬɟ ɪɵɱɚɝ ɬɨɪɦɨɡɚ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɍɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɟɬ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɵ ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɪɭɫɤɢɯ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɈɉɂɋȺɇɂȿ ɋɂɆȼɈɅɈȼ ɇɚ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɟ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ Ɉɧɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɜɚɠɧɭɸ ...

Страница 57: ...ɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɥɸɞɢ ɢɥɢ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɟ ɇɟ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɣɬɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɫ ɩɢɥɨɣ ɧɟ ɨɫɜɨ ɛɨɞɢɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɭɸ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɭ ɨɬ ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɢɣ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɨ ɬɨɝɨ ɤɚɤ ȼɵ ɡɚɧɹɥɢ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɭɸ ɩɨɡɭ ɢ ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ ɩɨɤɚ ȼɵ ɧɟ ɡɚɩɥɚɧɢɪɨ ɜɚɥɢ ɩɭɬɶ ɨɬɯɨɞɚ ɢɡ ɡɨɧɵ ɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ ȼɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɛɟɪɟɝɢɬɟ ɜɫɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɬɟɥɚ ɜɞɚɥɢ ɨɬ ɰɟɩɢ ɉɟɪɟɞ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɨɦ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɰɟɩɶ ɧɢ ɫ ɱɟɦ ɧɟ ɫɨɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɉɟɪɟɧɨɫɢɬɟ ɩɢɥɭ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧ...

Страница 58: ...ɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɗɬɚ ɩɢɥɚ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɪɟɞɤɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɞɨɦɨɜ ɜɢɥɥ ɢ ɨɬɞɵɯɚɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɤ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɨɬɫɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɪɟɜɶɟɜ ɩɨɞɪɟɡɚɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɤɚ ɞɪɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɚ ɢ ɩɪ ɇɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɰɟɩɧɚɹ ɩɢɥɚ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɚ ɚɧɬɢ ɜɢɛɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɱɪɟɡɦɟɪɧɨ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɫ ɧɟɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɵɡɜɚɬɶ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɪɨ ɜɨɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɢ ɪɭɤ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ...

Страница 59: ...ɡɜɚɬɶ ɦɨɥɧɢɟɧɨɫɧɭɸ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɭɸ ɪɟ ɚɤɰɢɸ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɲɢɧɚ ɨɬɫɤɨɱɢɬ ɜɜɟɪɯ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨ ɤ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɭ ɁȺɄɅɂɇɂȼȺɇɂȿ ɰɟɩɢ ɜ ɇɂɀɇȿɃ ɑȺɋɌɂ ɲɢɧɵ ȼɕɌȺɅɄɂȼȺȿɌ ɩɢɥɭ ɧɚɪɭɠɭ ɨɬ ɨɩɟɪɚ ɬɨɪɚ ɁȺɄɅɂɇɂȼȺɇɂȿ ɰɟɩɢ ɜ ȼȿɊɏɇȿɃ ɑȺɋɌɂ ɲɢɧɵ ɌɈɅɄȺȿɌ ɲɢɧɭ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨ ɤ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɭ Ʌɸɛɨɟ ɢɡ ɷɬɢɯ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɱɢɧɨɣ ɩɨɬɟɪɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɧɚɞ ɩɢɥɨɣ ɢ ɧɚɧɟɫɟ ɧɢɹ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɨɣ ɬɪɚɜɦɵ ɌȺȻɅɂɑɄȺ ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȺɘɓȺə ɈȻ ɈɌɋɄɈɄȿ Ɋɂɋ ɇɚ ɪɵɱɚɝɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟ...

Страница 60: ...ɚɜɦɵ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɚ ɢɥɢ ɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɰɟɩɢ ɢɡ ɤɚɧɚɜɤɢ Ⱦɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶ ɰɟɩɢ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɭɥɨ ɜɢɬɶ ɪɚɡɜɟɜɚɸɳɭɸ ɰɟɩɶ 22 ɁɍȻɑȺɌȺə ɈɉɈɊȺ ɷɬɨ ɩɪɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫ ɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɭɞɨɛɫɬɜɨ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ Ɂɭɛɱɚ ɬɚɹ ɨɩɨɪɚ ɩɨɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɶ ɨɩɟɪɚ ɬɨɪɚ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɡɨɜ ɉɊɂɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ ɉɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ ɢɡɭɱɢɬɟ ɫɜɨɸ ɰɟɩ ɧɭɸ ɩɢɥɭ ɢ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɶɬɟɫɶ ɫ ɟɟ ɱɚɫɬɹɦɢ...

Страница 61: ...ɥɟ ɦɟɧɬ ɜ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɲɢɧɵ Ɋɢɫ ȼɨɡɶɦɢɬɟ ɢɡ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɚɰɢɢ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɣ ɞɟ ɪɠɚɬɟɥɶ ɲɢɧɵ 0 ɢ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɬɚɤ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɟɝɨ ɡɚɝɧɭɬɵɟ ɤɪɨɦɤɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɹɹ ɢ ɧɢɠ ɧɹɹ ɛɵɥɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɤ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɟ ɰɟɩɢ Ɋɢɫ ɉɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɡɭɛɱɚɬɭɸ ɨɩɨɪɭ ɧɚ ɤɪɵɲɤɭ ɬɨɪ ɦɨɡɚ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɷɬɨ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ Ɋɢɫ ɉɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɤɪɵɲɤɭ ɬɨɪɦɨɡɚ ɧɚ ɰɟɩɶ ɍɛɟ ɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɰɟɩɶ ɧɟ ɫɨɫɤɚɥɶɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɫ ɲɢɧɵ ɉɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɨɛɟ ɝɚɣɤɢ ɡɚɬɹɧɢɬɟ ɢɯ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ...

Страница 62: ... ɧɚɱɧɟɬ ɜɪɚ ɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨ ɧɨ ɛɭɞɭɱɢ ɜɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɲɢɧɭ ɍɜɟɥɢɱɶɬɟ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɜɪɚɳɚɹ ɪɟɝɭ ɥɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ ɜɢɧɬ ɩɨ ɯɨɞɭ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ ɉɨɫɥɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɤɚɤ ɰɟɩɶ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɧɚ ɬɹɧɭɬɚ ɩɪɢɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɹ ɲɢɧɭ ɜɟɪɯɭɲɤɨɣ ɤɜɟɪɯɭ ɡɚɬɹɧɢɬɟ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨ ɨɛɟ ɝɚɣɤɢ ɡɚ ɤɪɟɩɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɲɢɧɭ Ɋɢɫ 4B ɆȿɏȺɇɂɑȿɋɄɈȿ ɂɋɉɖȱɌȺɇɂȿ ɌɈɊɆɈɁȺ ɐȿɉɂ ɐɟɩɧɚɹ ɩɢɥɚ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɚ ɬɨɪɦɨɡɨɦ ɰɟɩɢ ɤɨ ɬɨɪɵɣ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬ ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɥɭɱɚɹ ɩɨ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟ ɨɬɫɤɨɤɚ Ɍ...

Страница 63: ...ɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɭ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɨɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɢ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ ɢ ɦɚɫɥɚ ȼɡɛɨɥɬɚɣɬɟ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɨɛɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɥɧɨɝɨ ɫɦɟ ɲɟɧɢɹ ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ Ɉɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɫɦɚɡɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɫɥɚ ɚɧɧɭɥɢɪɭɟɬ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɸ ɧɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɋɦɟɫɶ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ ɢ ɫɦɚ ɡɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɫɥɚ Ɍɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɦɚɡɨɱɧɨɟ ɦɚɫɥɨ Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɨɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ Ȼɟɧɡɢɧ ɋɦɚɡɨɱɧɨɟ ɦɚɫɥɨ 63 5 ɥɢɬɪɵ ɥɢɬɪɵ cm3 1...

Страница 64: ...ɚ Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɡɚɜɟɫ ɬɢɫɶ Ɋɢɫ ɉɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɥɫɹ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɢ ɨɫɜɨɛɨɞɢɬɟ ɪɵɱɚɝ ɏɈɅɈɋɌɈȽɈ ɏɈȾȺ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɣɞɢɬɟ ɤ ɲɚɝɭ Ɋɢɫ ɉɟɪɟɦɟɫɬɢɬɟ ɠɟɥɬɵɣ ɪɵɱɚɝ ɜɫɚɫɵɜɚɬɟɥɹ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ȼɖȱɄɅɘɑȿɇɈ Ɋɢɫ 7K ȿɫɥɢ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɡɚɜɟɞɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɜɬɨ ɪɢɬɟ ɜɵɲɟɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ C A B Ɋɢɫ 7E Ɋɢɫ 7F Ɋɢɫ 7G A B C D Ɋɢɫ 7F Ɋɢɫ 7K A B C Ɋɢɫ 7J ɉɈȼɌɈɊɇɖȱɃ ɁȺɉɍɋɄ ɌȿɉɅɈȽɈ ȾȼɂȽȺɌȿɅə ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ...

Страница 65: ...ɬɫɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɢ ɨɬɧɟɫɢɬɟ ɩɢɥɭ ɜ ɛɥɢɠɚɣɲɢɣ ɚɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧ ɧɵɣ ɫɟɪɜɢɫ ɩɨ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧ ɬɨɜ 63 5 ɋɆȺɁɄȺ ɐȿɉɂ ɂ ɒɂɇɖȱ ɉɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɦɚɡɤɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɡɧɚ ɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɞɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɨ ɦɢɧɢɦɭɦɚ ɬɪɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɲɢɧɨɣ ɇɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɣɬɟ ɲɢɧɭ ɢ ɰɟɩɶ ɛɟɡ ɞɨɫɬɚ ɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɫɦɚɡɤɢ Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɩɢɥɵ ɫ ɧɟ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɫɦɚɡɤɨɣ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɚɟɬ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢ ɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬ ɫɪɨɤ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ ɩɢɥɵ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬ ...

Страница 66: ... ɫɢɥɶ ɧɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɟɬɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɉɨɫɨɜɟɬɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɫ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚ ɥɢɫɬɨɦ ɞɪɨɜɨɫɟɤɨɦ ɇɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬɫɟ ɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ ɟɫɥɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɍɜɟɞɨɦɢɬɟ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɸ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɬɟɦ ɤɚɤ ɨɬɫɟɱɶ ɞɟɪɟɜɨ Ɉɬɫɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ Ɉɛɵɱɧɨ ɨɬɫɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɞɜɭɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɩɨɞɪɟɡɚ ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟ ɧɢɹ ɨɤɨ...

Страница 67: ... ɊȿɁɄȺ ɉɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɚɹ ɪɟɡɤɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɤ ɞɪɟ ɜɟɫɧɵɯ ɜɨɥɨɤɨɧ ɉɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɧɚ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɟ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɡɚɧɹɥɢ ɭɫ ɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɱɬɨ ȼɵ ɫɬɨɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɛɨ ɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɟ ɫɤɥɨɧɚ ɩɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸ ɤ ɫɬɜɨɥɭ ɀɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɫɬɜɨɥ ɩɨɞɩɢɪɚɥɢ ɨɩɨɪɵ ɬɚɤ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɣ ɪɟɡɤɟ ɤɨɧɟɰ ɧɟ ɥɟɠɚɥ ɧɚ ɡɟɦɥɟ ȿɫɥɢ ɫɬɜɨɥ ɨɩɢɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɨɛɟ ɢɯ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɢ ȼɚɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɢɥɢɬɶ ɜ ɫɟɪɟɞɢ ɧɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟ ɫɪɟɡ ɫɜɟɪɯɭ...

Страница 68: ...ɧɭɬɶ ɧɟɨɛ ɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɡɚɦɟɧɵ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɤɪɚɬɤɢɟ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɵ ɧɟɠɟɥɢ ɬɟ ɱɬɨ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɵ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɋɯɟɦɚ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɨ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ ɉɨɫɥɟ ɤɚɠɞɨ ɝɨ ɢɫ ɩɨɥɶɡɨ ɜɚɧɢɹ ɉɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɜ ɱɚɫɚɯ ɗɅȿɆȿɇɌ ȾȿəɌȿɅɖɇɈɋɌɖ 10 20 ȼɢɧɬɵ ɝɚɣɤɢ ɛɨɥɬɵ ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɇɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ D ȼɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɣ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ Ɉɱɢɫɬɤɚ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɦɟɧɚ D Ɍɨɩɥɢɜɧɵɣ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ Ɇɚɫɥɹɧɵɣ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ Ɂɚɦɟɧɚ D ɋɜɟɱɚ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ Ɉɱɢɫɬɤɚ Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ Ɂɚɦɟɧɚ D ɂɫ...

Страница 69: ...ɤɟ ɤɚɪɛɸɪɚɬɨɪɚ ȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɣ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ɢ ɤɪɵɲɤɭ Ɋɢɫ Ɂɚɩɪɚɜɶɬɟ ɫɜɟɠɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɶɸ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ ɢ ɦɚɫ ɥɚ Ɂɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɤɪɵɲɤɭ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɚ C D B A Ɋɢɫ 15 D C A B Ɋɢɫ 16 ɌɈɉɅɂȼɇɖȱɃ ɎɂɅɖɌɊ ɉɊɂɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ ɉɟɪɟɞ ɬɟɦ ɤɚɤ ɫɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ɨɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɬɟ ɪɟɡɭɪɜɭɚɪ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɫɥɚ Ɉɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟ ɦɚɫɥɹɧɵɣ ɲɥɚɧɝ ɨɬ ɩɪɨ ɤɥɚɞɤɢ ɧɚɫɨɫɚ ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤɭ ɨɤɚɧɱɢɜɚɸɳɭɸɫɹ ɤɪɸɱɤɨɦ ɜɵɬɹɧɢɬɟ ɦɚɫɥɹɧɵɣ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ɢɡ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɚ ɉɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɫɧɢɦɢɬɟ ɮɢɥ...

Страница 70: ...ɨ Ⱦɚɣɬɟ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɸ ɨɫɬɵɬɶ ɨɤɨɥɨ ɦɢɧɭɬ ɋ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɥɸɱɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɜɟɱɟɣ ɫɧɢɦɢɬɟ ɫɜɟɱɭ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ Ⱦɨɛɚɜɶɬɟ ɱɚɣɧɭɸ ɥɨɠɤɭ ɱɢɫɬɨɝɨ ɦɚɫɥɚ ɞɥɹ ɬɚɤɬɨɜɨɜɵɯ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɜ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɵɣ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪ Ɇɟɞɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɸɳɢɦɢ ɫɹ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɜɵɬɹɝɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɲɧɭɪ ɫɬɚɪ ɬɟɪɚ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ ɩɨɤ ɪɵɥɢɫɶ ɦɚɫɥɨɦ ȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨ ɫɜɟɱɭ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ Ɋɢɫ ɉɊɂɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ ɏɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɰɟɩɧɭɸ ɩɢɥɭ ɜ ɫɭɯɨɦ ɦɟɫɬɟ ɜɞɚɥɢ ɨɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɜɨɫ ɩ...

Страница 71: ...ɡɤɚ ɲɢɧɵ ɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɫ ɩɢ ɥɨɣ ɩɪɢ ɱɪɟɡɦɟɪɧɨ ɧɚɬɹɧɭɬɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬ ɤ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɦɭ ɢɡɧɚɲɢɜɚɧɢɸ ɲɢɧɵ Ⱦɥɹ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɧɨɫɚ ɲɢɧɵ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɸɬ ɫɹ ɧɢɠɟɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɵ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨ ɦɭ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ ȼɫɟɝɞɚ ɧɨɫɢɬɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɟ ɪɭɤɚɜɢɰɵ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɟ ɇɟ ɞɨɩɭɫ ɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɩɪɢ ɝɨɪɹɱɟɦ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɟ Ɋɢɫ 21 Ɂɚɬɨɱɢɬɟ ɰɟɩɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɟ ɪɭ...

Страница 72: ...ɭɣɬɟ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɰɟɩɶ ɩɪɢɥɟɝɚɥɚ ɤ ɲɢɧɟ ɧɨ ɜɫɟ ɠɟ ɛɵɥɚ ɞɨɫɬɚ ɬɨɱɧɨ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɣ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɥɚɫɶ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɛɟɡ ɭɫɢɥɢɹ Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɰɟɩɶ ɢ ɲɢɧɚ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɰɟɩɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɪɟ ɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɤɚɠɞɵɟ ɫɪɟɡɨɜ ɗɬɨ ɧɨɪ ɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɚ ɫɨ ɜɪɟ ɦɟɧɟɦ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɵ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɟɪɟɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɛɵɫɬɪɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɭɬ ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ ɇɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬ ɫɹ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɡɜɟɧɶɟɜ ɢɡ ɰɟɩɢ ɗɬɨ ɜɵɡɨɜɟɬ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɰɟɩɧɨɝɨ ɡɭɛɱɚɬɨ...

Страница 73: ...ɧ ɡɚɡɨɪ ɫɜɟɱɢ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ ɉɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟ ɫɜɟɱɭ ɨɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɡɚɡɨɪ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɟ ɫɜɟɱɭ ɑɪɟɡɦɟɪɧɨɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɵɦɚ ɇɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɤɚɪɛɸɪɚɬɨɪɚ Ɉɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɤɚɪɛɸɪɚɬɨɪ ɜ ɚɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɟ ɇɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɚɹ ɫɦɟɫɶ ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɭɸ ɫɦɟɫɶ ɜ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɢ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɫɦɚɡɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɫɥɚ DZȎȞȎțȠȖȭ Ƚɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɵɣ ɫɪɨɤ ɧɚ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɜɨɣ ɩɢɥɵ 63 5 ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ...

Страница 74: ...ɭ ɜ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɬɚ ɧɚɱɢɧ ǰȨȐȓȒȓțȖȓ ɇɨɜɨɩɪɢɞɨɛɢɬɢɹɬ ɨɬ ȼɚɫ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɜ ɜɟɪɢɠɟɧ ɬɪɢɨɧ 63 5 ɳɟ ɧɚɞɯɜɴɪɥɢ ȼɚɲɢɬɟ ɨɱɚɤɜɚɧɢɹ Ɍɨɣ ɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧ ɜ ɫɴɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɫ ɜɢɫɨɤɢɬɟ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɢ ɧɚ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨɬɨ ɧɚ 63 5 ɨɬɝɨɜɚɪɹɳɢ ɧɚ ɫɬɪɨɝɢɬɟ ɢɡɢɫɤɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɹ Ʌɟɫɟɧ ɡɚ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɜɚɧɟ ɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɟɧ ɩɪɢ ɟɤɫɩɥɨɚɬɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɧɚ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɚ ɬɨɡɢ ɜɟɪɢɠɟɧ ɬɪɢɨɧ ɳɟ ȼɢ ɫɥɭɠɢ ɧɚɞɟɠɞɧɨ ɞɴɥɝɢ ɝɨɞɢɧɢ ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ ȼɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɧɨ ɩɪɨɱɟɬɟɬɟ ɰɹɥɚɬɚ ɢ...

Страница 75: ...ɚɣɬɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɢ ɨɛɭɜɤɢ ȼɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ Ɉɩɚɫɧɨɫɬ ɉɚɡɟɬɟ ɫɟ ɨɬ ɨɬɫɤɨɤ ɉɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɞɪɴɠɬɟ ɬɪɢɨɧɚ ɡɞɪɚɜɨ ɫ ɞɜɟ ɪɴɰɟ ɍɜɟɪɟɬɟ ɫɟ ɱɟ ɫɩɢɪɚɱɤɚɬɚ ɧɚ ɜɟɪɢɝɚɬɚ ɟ ɨɫɜɨɛɨɞɟɧɚ Ɂɚ ɞɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɢɬɟ ɢɡɞɴɪɩɚɣɬɟ ɥɨɫɬɚ ɧɚ ɫɩɢɪɚɱɤɚɬɚ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɇɢɜɨɬɨ ɧɚ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɚ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬ ɨɬɝɨɜɚɪɹ ɧɚ ɢɡɢɫɤɜɚɧɢɹɬɚ ɧɚ Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɋɴɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɚ ɧɚ ɢɡɢɫɤɜɚɧɢɹɬɚ ɧɚ ɪɭɫɤɢɬɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɢ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɢ ɈɉɂɋȺɇɂȿ ɇȺ ɋɂɆȼɈɅɂɌȿ ȼɴɪɯɭ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɫɚ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɟɧɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɧɢ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɧɢ ɨ...

Страница 76: ...ɩɪɟɞɢ ɞɚ ɫɬɟ ɨɫɢɝɭɪɢɥɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɚ ɛɟɡ ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɟ ɫɬɟ ɡɚɟɥɢ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɧɚ ɩɨɡɚ ɢ ɞɨɤɚɬɨ ɧɟ ɫɬɟ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɚɥɢ ɩɴɬɹ ɡɚ ɢɡɬɟɝ ɥɹɧɟ ɨɬ ɡɨɧɚɬɚ ɧɚ ɩɚɞɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɞɴɪɜɨɬɨ Ʉɨɝɚɬɨ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɢ ɩɚɡɟɬɟ ɜɫɢɱɤɢ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɬɹɥɨɬɨ ɫɢ ɞɚɥɟɱɟ ɨɬ ɜɟɪɢɝɚɬɚ ɉɪɟɞɢ ɞɚ ɩɭɫɧɟɬɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ ɫɟ ɭɛɟɞɟɬɟ ɱɟ ɜɟɪɢɝɚɬɚ ɧɟ ɫɟ ɞɨɤɨɫɜɚ ɞɨ ɧɢɳɨ ɉɪɟɧɚɫɹɣɬɟ ɬɪɢɨɧɚ ɫɚɦɨ ɫ ɢɡɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɞɜɢ ɝɚɬɟɥ ɫ ɨɛɴɪɧɚɬɚ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɲɢɧɚ ɢ ɜɟɪɢɝɚ ɫ ɲɭɦɨɡɚɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɹ ...

Страница 77: ...ɢ ɢ ɥɚɝɟɪɭɜɚɳɢ ɡɚ ɰɟɥɢ ɫ ɨɛɳɨ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡ ɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɬɨ ɨɬɫɢɱɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɞɴɪɜɟɬɚ ɤɚɫɬɪɟɧɟ ɪɹɡɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɞɴɪɜɚ ɡɚ ɨɝɪɟɜ ɢ ɩɪ ȼɴɩɪɟɤɢ ɱɟ ɜɟɪɢɠɧɢɹɬ ɬɪɢɨɧ ɟ ɫɧɚɛɞɟɧ ɫ ɚɧɬɢ ɜɢɛɪɚɰɢ ɨɧɧɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɩɪɟɤɨɦɟɪɧɨ ɩɪɨɞɴɥɠɢɬɟɥɧɚɬɚ ɧɟɩɪɟɤɴɫɧɚɬɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɫ ɧɟɝɨ ɦɨɠɟ ɞɚ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɢ ɫɦɭɳɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɪɴɜɨɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɟɬɨ ɧɚ ɪɴɰɟɬɟ ɧɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɩɨɪɨɞɟɧɨ ɨɬ ɜɢɛɪɚɰɢɢɬɟ ɉɊȿȾɉȺɁɇɂ ɆȿɊɄɂ ɋɊȿɓɍ ɈɌɋɄɈɄ Ɉɬɫɤɨɤ ɫɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɜɚ ɤɨɝɚɬɨ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɬɚ ɱɚɫɬ ɢɥɢ ɜɴɪɯɴɬ ɧ...

Страница 78: ...ɌɈ ɧɚ ɜɟɪɢɝɚɬɚ ɜ ȽɈɊɇȺɌȺ ɑȺɋɌ ɧɚ ɲɢɧɚɬɚ ɂɁȻɍɌȼȺ ɲɢɧɚɬɚ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨ ɤɴɦ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ȼɫɹɤɨ ɟɞɧɨ ɨɬ ɬɟɡɢ ɜɴɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɦɨɠɟ ɞɚ ɩɪɟ ɞɢɡɜɢɤɚ ɡɚɝɭɛɚ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥ ɜɴɪɯɭ ɬɪɢɨɧɚ ɢ ɦɨɠɟ ɞɚ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɢ ɫɟɪɢɨɡɧɚ ɬɪɚɜɦɚ ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿȾɂɌȿɅɇȺ ɌȺȻȿɅɄȺ ɁȺ ɈɌ ɋɄɈɄ ɎɂȽ ȼɴɪɯɭ ɥɨɫɬɚ ɡɚ ɡɚɞɟɣɫɬɜɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɫɩɢɪɚɱɤɚɬɚ ɩɪɟɞɩɚɡɧɢɹ ɳɢɬ ɟ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɟɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɞɢɬɟɥ ɧɚ ɬɚɛɟɥɤɚ ɉɪɟɞɢ ɞɚ ɩɪɢɫɬɴɩɢɬɟ ɤɴɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɫ ɦɚɲɢɧɚɬɚ ɫɟ ɡɚɩɨɡɧɚɣɬɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɧɨ ɫ ɬɚɡɢ ɬ...

Страница 79: ...ɩɨɪɚ ɩɨɜɢɲɚɜɚ ɭɫ ɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɬɚ ɧɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɩɨ ɜɪɟɦɟ ɧɚ ɢɡ ɜɴɪɲɜɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɧɢ ɫɪɟɡɨɜɟ ɁȺȻȿɅȿɀɄȺ Ɋɚɡɭɱɟɬɟ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ ɫɜɨɹ ɜɟɪɢ ɠɟɧ ɬɪɢɨɧ ɢ ɫɟ ɡɚɩɨɡɧɚɣɬɟ ɨɛɫɬɨɣɧɨ ɫ ɧɟɝɨ ɜɢɬɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ 9 ȁȘȎȕȎțȖȭ ȕȎ ȚȜțȠȎȔ ɉɊɂɇȺȾɅȿɀɇɈɋɌɂ ɁȺ ɆɈɇɌȺɀ ɉɪɢ ɫɝɥɨɛɹɜɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɜɟɪɢɠɧɢɹ ɬɪɢɨɧ ɳɟ ɢɦɚɬɟ ɧɭɠɞɚ ɨɬ ɫɥɟɞɧɨɬɨ Ʉɨɦɛɢɧɢɪɚɧ ɝɚɟɱɟɧ ɤɥɸɱ ɨɬɜɟɪɬɤɚ ɜɤɥɸ ɱɟɧ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɚɰɢɹɬɚ Ɋɴɤɚɜɢɰɢ ɡɚ ɬɟɠɤɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɹɬ ɫɟ ɨɬ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɹ ɂɁɂɋɄ...

Страница 80: ...ɯɭ ɤɚɩɚɤɚ ɧɚ ɫɩɢɪɚɱɤɚɬɚ ɧɚ ɜɟɪɢɝɚɬɚ ɬɚɤɚ ɤɚɤɬɨ ɟ ɩɨɤɚ ɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ Ɏɢɝ ɉɨɫɬɚɜɟɬɟ ɤɚɩɚɤɚ ɧɚ ɫɩɢɪɚɱɤɚɬɚ ɧɚ ɜɟɪɢɝɚ ɬɚ ɍɛɟɞɟɬɟ ɫɟ ɱɟ ɜɟɪɢɝɚɬɚ ɧɟ ɫɟ ɢɡɯɥɭɡɜɚ ɨɬ ɲɢɧɚɬɚ ɉɨɫɬɚɜɟɬɟ ɞɜɟɬɟ ɝɚɣɤɢ ɡɚɬɟɝ ɧɟɬɟ ɝɢ ɧɚ ɪɴɤɚ ɢ ɩɨ ɧɚɬɚɬɴɤ ɫɩɚɡɜɚɣɬɟ ɢɧ ɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɬɟ ɡɚ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɨɛɬɹɝɚɧɟɬɨ ɁȺȻȿɅȿɀɄȺ ɇɚ ɬɨɡɢ ɟɬɚɩ ɞɜɟɬɟ ɝɚɣɤɢ ɡɚ ɞɴɪɠɚɳɢ ɲɢɧɚɬɚ ɫɟ ɡɚɬɹɝɚɬ ɫɚɦɨ ɧɚ ɪɴɤɚ ɬɟ ɫɟ ɡɚɬɹɝɚɬ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɬɟɥɧɨ ɫɥɟɞ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɨɛɬɹɝɚɧɟɬɨ ...

Страница 81: ...ɬɨ ɤɚɬɨ ɡɚɜɴɪɬɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɚɳɢɹ ɜɢɧɬ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɨɤɚ ɧɚ ɱɚɫɨɜɧɢɤɨɜɚɬɚ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɚ ɋɥɟɞ ɤɚɬɨ ɜɟɪɢɝɚɬɚ ɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɧɨ ɨɛɬɟɝɧɚɬɚ ɡɚɞɴɪɠɚɣɤɢ ɲɢɧɚɬɚ ɫ ɜɴɪɯɚ ɧɚɝɨɪɟ ɡɚɬɟɝ ɧɟɬɟ ɧɚɞɟɠɞɧɨ ɞɜɟɬɟ ɝɚɣɤɢ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɜɚɳɢ ɲɢɧɚɬɚ Ɏɢɝ 4B ɆȿɏȺɇɂɑɇɈ ɂɁɉɂɌȼȺɇȿ ɇȺ ɋɉɂɊȺɑɄȺɌȺ ɇȺ ȼȿɊɂȽȺɌȺ ȼɟɪɢɠɧɢɹɬ ɬɪɢɨɧ ɟ ɫɧɚɛɞɟɧ ɫɴɫ ɫɩɢɪɚɱɤɚ ɧɚ ɜɟɪɢɝɚɬɚ ɤɨɹɬɨ ɧɚɦɚɥɹɜɚ ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨɫɬɬɚ ɨɬ ɡɥɨɩɨɥɭɤɚ ɩɨɪɚɞɢ ɨɬɫɤɨɤ ɋɩɢɪɚɱɤɚɬɚ ɫɟ ɡɚ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɚ ɚɤɨ ɫɟ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɢ ɧɚɬɢɫɤ ɜ...

Страница 82: ...ɢɥɧɨɬɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɧɟ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɩɨɪ ɰɢɹɬɚ ɛɟɧɡɢɧ ɤɴɦ ɦɚɫɥɨ Ɋɚɡɬɴɪɫɟɬɟ ɫɴɞɚ ɡɚ ɞɚ ɩɨɫɬɢɝɧɟɬɟ ɩɴɥɧɨ ɪɚɡ ɦɟɫɜɚɧɟ ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ Ʌɢɩɫɚɬɚ ɧɚ ɫɦɚɡɨɱɧɨ ɦɚɫɥɨ ɚɧɭɥɢɪɚ ɝɚɪɚɧɰɢɹɬɚ ɡɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɋɦɟɫ ɨɬ ɛɟɧɡɢɧ ɢ ɫɦɚ ɡɨɱɧɨ ɦɚɫɥɨ ɋɚɦɨ ɫɦɚɡɨɱɧɨ ɦɚɫɥɨ Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ ɡɚ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɜɹɧɟ ɧɚ ɝɨɪɢɜɧɚ ɫɦɟɫ Ȼɟɧɡɢɧ ɋɦɚɡɨɱɧɨ ɦɚɫɥɨ 63 5 ɥɢɬɪɢ ɥɢɬɪɢ cm3 1 25 2 50 3 75 5 125 10 250 ɉɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɹ ɧɚ ɫɦɟɫɜɚɧɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɛɟɧɡɢɧ ɤɴɦ ɱɚɫɬ ɫɦɚɡɨɱɧɨ ɦɚɫɥɨ ɉɊȿɉ...

Страница 83: ...ɞɚ ɡɚɩɚɥɢ Ɏɢɝ ɂɡɱɚɤɚɣɬɟ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɞɚ ɡɚɝɪɟɟ ɡɚ ɫɟ ɤɭɧɞɢ ɇɚɬɢɫɧɟɬɟ ɢ ɨɫɜɨɛɨɞɟɬɟ ɥɨɫɬ ɡɚ ɉɊȺɁȿɇ ɏɈȾ ɢ ɩɪɟɦɢɧɟɬɟ ɤɴɦ ɫɬɴɩɤɚ Ɏɢɝ ɉɪɟɦɟɫɬɟɬɟ ɠɴɥɬɢɹ ɥɨɫɬ ɧɚ ɫɦɭɤɚɱɚ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɂɁɄɅɘɑȿɇɈ Ɏɢɝ Ⱥɤɨ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹɬ ɧɟ ɡɚɩɚɥɢ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɟɬɟ ɝɨɪ ɧɢɬɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ C A B Ɏɢɝ 7E Ɏɢɝ 7F Ɏɢɝ 7G A B C D Ɏɢɝ 7F Ɏɢɝ 7K A B C Ɏɢɝ 7J ɉɈȼɌɈɊɇɈ ɉɍɋɄȺɇȿ ɇȺ ɌɈɉɔɅ ȾȼɂȽȺɌȿɅ ɍɛɟɞɟɬɟ ɫɟ ɱɟ ɩɪɟɤɴɫɜɚɱɴɬ ɟ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɉɍɋɄ I ɉɪɟɦɟɫɬɟɬɟ ɥɨɫɬɚ ɧ...

Страница 84: ...ɜɢɥɧɨɬɨ ɫɦɚɡɜɚɧɟ ɟ ɨɬ ɫɴɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɨ ɡɧɚɱɟ ɧɢɟ ɡɚ ɦɢɧɢɦɢɡɢɪɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɬɪɢɟɧɟɬɨ ɫ ɲɢɧɚɬɚ ɇɢɤɨɝɚ ɧɟ ɨɫɬɚɜɹɣɬɟ ɲɢɧɚɬɚ ɢ ɜɟɪɢɝɚɬɚ ɛɟɡ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɴɱɧɨ ɫɦɚɡɜɚɧɟ Ɋɚɛɨɬɚɬɚ ɧɚ ɬɪɢɨɧɚ ɫ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɴɱɧɚ ɫɦɚɡɤɚ ɧɚɦɚɥɹɜɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢ ɬɟɥɧɨɫɬɬɚ ɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɢ ɞɴɥɝɨɬɪɚɣɧɨɫɬɬɚ ɧɚ ɬɪɢɨɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɢɡɜɢɤɜɚ ɛɴɪɡɨ ɡɚɬɴɩɹɜɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɜɟ ɪɢɝɚɬɚ ɢ ɟ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɚ ɡɚ ɩɪɟɠɞɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɢɡɧɨɫ ɜɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɲɢɧɚɬɚ ɩɨɪɚɞɢ ɩɪɟɝɪɹɜɚɧɟ ɉɪɢɡɧɚɤ ɡɚ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɢɝɚ ɧɚ ɦɚɫɥɨ ɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɹɧ...

Страница 85: ...ɢɬɟɥɧɨ ɤɨɦ ɩɚɧɢɹɬɚ ɡɚ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɨɡɚɯɪɚɧɜɚɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɢ ɞɚ ɨɬɫɟɱɟɬɟ ɞɴɪɜɨɬɨ Ɉɬɫɢɱɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɞɴɪɜɨ Ɉɛɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɨ ɨɬɫɢɱɚɧɟɬɨ ɧɚ ɞɴɪɜɨ ɫɟ ɫɴɫɬɨɢ ɨɬ ɞɜɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɨɞɪɹɡɜɚɧɟ ɢ ɢɡɜɴɪɲɜɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɬɟɥɧɢɹ ɫɪɟɡ ɡɚ ɩɨɜɚɥɹ ɧɟ ɧɚ ɞɴɪɜɨɬɨ Ɂɚɩɨɱɧɟɬɟ ɩɨɞɪɹɡɜɚɧɟɬɨ ɨɬɤɴɦ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɬɚ ɧɚ ɞɴɪɜɨɬɨ ɤɨɹɬɨ ɫɟ ɧɚ ɦɢɪɚ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɜɢɞɟɧɚɬɚ ɩɨɫɨɤɚ ɧɚ ɩɚɞɚɧɟ ɍɛɟɞɟɬɟ ɫɟ ɱɟ ɩɨɞɪɹɡɜɚɧɟɬɨ ɧɟ ɜɥɢɡɚ ɬɜɴɪɞɟ ɞɴɥɛɨɤɨ ɜ ɞɴɧɟɪɚ ɉɨɞɪɹɡɜɚɧɟɬɨ ɬɪɹɛɜɚ ɞɚ ɫ...

Страница 86: ... ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨ ɩɨ ɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɱɟ ɫɬɟ ɡɚɫɬɚɧɚɥɢ ɨɬ ɩɨ ɜɢɫɨɤɚɬɚ ɫɬɪɚɧɚ ɧɚ ɫɤɥɨɧɚ ɫɩɪɹɦɨ ɞɴɧɟɪɚ ɀɟɥɚɬɟɥɧɨ ɟ ɞɴɧɟɪɴɬ ɞɚ ɟ ɩɨɞɩɪɹɧ ɧɚ ɨɩɨɪɢ ɬɚɤɚ ɱɟ ɩɨɞ ɥɟɠɚɳɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɬɪɹɡɜɚɧɟ ɤɪɚɣ ɞɚ ɧɟ ɥɟɠɢ ɧɚ ɡɟ ɦɹɬɚ Ⱥɤɨ ɞɴɧɟɪɴɬ ɟ ɩɨɞɩɪɹɧ ɜ ɞɜɚɬɚ ɫɢ ɤɪɚɹ ɢ ɬɪɹɛɜɚ ɞɚ ɪɟɠɟɬɟ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɚɬɚ ɢɡɜɴɪɲɟɬɟ ɫɪɟɡ ɧɚɞɨɥɭ ɞɨ ɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɚɬɚ ɧɚ ɞɴɧɟɪɚ ɢ ɞɨɜɴɪɲɟ ɬɟ ɫɪɹɡɜɚɧɟɬɨ ɨɬɞɨɥɭ Ɍɚɤɚ ɳɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɬɢɬɟ ɡɚɤɥɢɧɜɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɲɢɧɚɬɚ ɢ ɜɟɪɢɝɚɬɚ ɜ ɞɴɧɟɪɚ ȼɧɢɦ...

Страница 87: ...ɞɢ ɩɨ ɤɪɚɬɤɢ ɨɬ ɩɨɫɨɱɟɧɢɬɟ ɬɭɤ ɋɯɟɦɚ ɧɚ ɞɟɣɧɨɫɬɢɬɟ ɩɨ ɩɨɞɞɪɴɠɤɚ ɋɥɟɞ ɜɫɹɤɚ ɭɩɨɬ ɪɟɛɚ ɋɥɟɞ ɧɚɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɟ ȿɅȿɆȿɇɌ ȾȿɃɇɈɋɌ 10 20 ȼɢɧɬɨɜɟ ɝɚɣɤɢ ɛɨɥɬɨɜɟ ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ Ɂɚɬɹɝɚɧɟ D ȼɴɡɞɭɲɟɧ ɮɢɥɬɴɪ ɉɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɧɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɞɦɹɧɚ D Ƚɨɪɢɜɟɧ ɮɢɥɬɴɪ Ɇɚɫɥɟɧ ɮɢɥɬɴɪ ɉɨɞɦɹɧɚ D Ɂɚɩɚɥɢɬɟɥɧɚ ɫɜɟɳ ɉɨɱɢɫɬɜɚɧɟ Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɚɧɟ ɉɨɞɦɹɧɚ D ɂɫɤɪɨɜ ɪɚɡɪɹɞɧɢɤ ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ D Ɇɚɪɤɭɱɢ ɡɚ ɝɨɪɢɜɨ ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ D ɉɨɞɦɹɧɚ ɩɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬ Ʉɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɢ ɧɚ ɫɩ...

Страница 88: ...ɬɴɪɚ ɢɡ ɩɪɚɡɧɟɬɟ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɨɚɪɚ ɡɚ ɦɚɫɥɨ Ɉɬɤɚɱɟɬɟ ɦɚɪɤɭɱɚ ɡɚ ɦɚɫɥɨ ɨɬ ɝɚɪɧɢɬɭ ɪɚɬɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɦɩɚɬɚ Ʉɚɬɨ ɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɬɟ ɬɟɥ ɫ ɤɭɤɚ ɧɚɤɪɚɹ ɢɡ ɞɴɪɩɚɣɬɟ ɦɚɫɥɟɧɢɹ ɮɢɥɬɴɪ ɨɬ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɨ ɚɪɚ ɋɜɚɥɟɬɟ ɢɡɰɹɥɨ ɮɢɥɬɴɪɚ ɢ ɦɚɪɤɭɱɚ ɉɨɫɬɚɜɟɬɟ ɩɚɪɱɟ ɦɚɪɤɭɱ ɜ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɨɚɪɚ ɢ ɝɨ ɢɡɞɴɪɩɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɟɡ ɨɬɜɨɪɚ ɡɚ ɩɴɥɧɟɧɟ ɉɨɫɬɚɜɟɬɟ ɧɨɜɢɹ ɮɢɥɬɴɪ ɧɚ ɦɚɪɤɭɱɚ ɢ ɢɡ ɞɴɪɩɚɣɬɟ ɦɚɪɤɭɱɚ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨ ɜ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɨɚɪɚ ɬɚɤɚ ɱɟ ɮɢɥɬɴɪɴɬ ɞɚ ɫɟ ɧɚɦɢɪɚ ɧɚ ɞɴɧɨɬɨ ɧɚ ɪɟɡɟɪ...

Страница 89: ...ɢɝ ɁȺȻȿɅȿɀɄȺ ɋɴɯɪɚɧɹɜɚɣɬɟ ɜɟɪɢɠɧɢɹ ɬɪɢɨɧ ɧɚ ɫɭɯɨ ɦɹɫɬɨ ɞɚɥɟɱ ɨɬ ɜɴɡɦɨɠɧɢ ɢɡɬɨɱɧɢɰɢ ɧɚ ɜɴɡɩɥɚɦɟɧɹɜɚɧɟ ɤɚɬɨ ɩɟɳ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɛɨɣɥɟɪ ɝɚɡɨɜɚ ɫɭɲɢɥɧɹ ɢ ɞɪ ɉɈȾȽɈɌȼəɇȿ ɇȺ ɆȺɒɂɇȺ ɁȺ ɊȺȻɈɌȺ ɋɅȿȾ ɄɈɇɋȿɊȼȺɐɂə ɋɜɚɥɟɬɟ ɡɚɩɚɥɢɬɟɥɧɚɬɚ ɫɜɟɳ ɂɡɞɴɪɩɚɣɬɟ ɪɹɡɤɨ ɜɴɠɟɬɨ ɧɚ ɫɬɚɪɬɟɪɚ ɡɚ ɞɚ ɨɬɫɬɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɢɡɥɢɲɴɤɚ ɨɬ ɦɚɫɥɨ ɜ ɝɨɪɢɜ ɧɚɬɚ ɤɚɦɟɪɚ ɉɨɱɢɫɬɟɬɟ ɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɚɣɬɟ ɯɥɚɛɢɧɚɬɚ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɚɥɢɬɟɥɧɚɬɚ ɫɜɟɳ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɟɬɟ ɧɨɜɚ ɫɜɟɳ ɫ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɚ...

Страница 90: ...ɚ ɤɚɬɨ ɢɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɬɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɢ ɪɴɤɚɜɢɰɢ ɢ ɤɪɴɝɥɚ ɩɢɥɚ PP ɧɟ ɜɥɢɡɚ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɚɰɢɹɬɚ ɬɪɹɛɜɚ ɞɚ ɫɟ ɡɚɤɭɩɢ ɞɨɩɴɥ ɧɢɬɟɥɧɨ ȼɢɧɚɝɢ ɡɚɬɨɱɜɚɣɬɟ ɪɟɠɟɳɢɬɟ ɡɜɟɧɚ ɫɚɦɨ ɫ ɞɜɢ ɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɫɨɱɟɧɢ ɨɬɜɴɬɪɟ ɧɚɜɴɧ Ɏɢɝ ɤɚɬɨ ɫɩɚɡɜɚɬɟ ɫɬɨɣɧɨɫɬɢɬɟ ɩɨɫɨɱɟɧɢ ɧɚ Ɏɢɝ ɋɥɟɞ ɡɚɬɨɱɜɚɧɟ ɜɫɢɱɤɢ ɪɟɠɟɳɢ ɡɜɟɧɚ ɬɪɹɛɜɚ ɞɚ ɫɚ ɫ ɟɞɧɚɤɜɚ ɲɢɪɢɧɚ ɢ ɞɴɥɠɢɧɚ ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ Ʉɨɝɚɬɨ ɜɟɪɢ ɝɚɬɚ ɟ ɞɨɛɪɟ ɡɚɬɨɱɟɧɚ ɫɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɹɬ ɞɨɛɪɟ ɨɮɨɪɦɟɧɢ ɫɬɴɪɝɨɬɢɧɢ Ⱥɤɨ ɩɪɢ ...

Страница 91: ...ɟɤɢ ɫɪɟɡɚ Ɍɨɜɚ ɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɧɨ ɡɚ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɜɚɧɟ ɚ ɫ ɜɪɟɦɟɬɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɢɬɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɪɟɡɚɬɹɝɚɧɢ ɹɬɚ ɳɟ ɧɚɪɚɫɬɧɚɬ ɛɴɪɡɨ ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ ɇɟ ɫɟ ɞɨɩɭɫ ɤɚ ɨɬɫɬɪɚɧɹɜɚɧɟɬɨ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɱɟ ɨɬ ɡɜɟɧɚ ɨɬ ɜɟɪɢɝɚɬɚ Ɍɨɜɚ ɳɟ ɩɪɟɞɢɡɜɢɤɚ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɚ ɧɚ ɜɟɪɢɠɧɨɬɨ ɡɴɛɧɨ ɤɨɥɟɥɨ ɋɦɚɡɜɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɜɟɪɢɝɚɬɚ ȼɢɧɚɝɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɜɚɣɬɟ ɞɚɥɢ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɧɚɬɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɡɚ ɫɦɚɡɜɚɧɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɢ ɞɨɛɪɟ Ɂɚɪɟɠ ɞɚɣɬɟ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɨɚɪɚ ɡɚ ɦɚɫɥɨ ɫɴɫ ɫɦɚɡɨɱɧɨ ɦɚɫɥɨ 63 5 Ⱦɨɛɪ...

Страница 92: ...ɉɨɱɢɫɬɟɬɟ ɫɜɟɳɬɚ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɚɣɬɟ ɯɥɚɛɢɧɚɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɞɦɟɧɟɬɟ ɫɜɟɳɬɚ ɉɪɟɤɨɦɟɪɧɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɹɧɟ ɧɚ ɞɢɦ ɇɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɧɚ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɧɚ ɤɚɪɛɭɪɚɬɨɪɚ Ʉɚɪɛɭɪɚɬɨɪɴɬ ɞɚ ɫɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɚ ɜ ɨɬɨɪɢɡɢɪɚɧ ɫɟɪɜɢɡ ɇɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɧɨ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɜɟɧɚ ɝɨɪɢɜɧɚ ɫɦɟɫ ɂɡɩɨɥɡɜɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɧɨ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɜɟɧɚ ɝɨɪɢɜɧɚ ɫɦɟɫ ɜ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɛɟɧɡɢɧ ɤɴɦ ɱɚɫɬ ɫɦɚɡɨɱɧɨ ɦɚɫɥɨ DZȎȞȎțȤȖȭ Ƚɚɪɚɧɰɢɨɧɧɢɹɬ ɫɪɨɤ ɧɚ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɜɟɪɢɠɧɢ ɬɪɢɨɧɢ 63 5 ɫɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹ ɜ ɝɚɪɚɧɰɢɨɧɧɚ ɤɚɪɬɚ ɇɟɢɡɩ...

Страница 93: ... tv 5545 cs2 indd 91 ɝ ...

Страница 94: ... 5 tv 5545 cs2 indd 92 ɝ ...

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