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When you apply one or both brakes, the bike begins to slow, but
your body wants to continue at the speed at which it was going. This
causes a transfer of weight to the front wheel (or, under heavy brak-
ing, around the front wheel hub, which could send you flying over
the handlebars).
A wheel with more weight on it will accept greater brake pressure
before lockup; a wheel with less weight will lock up with less brake
pressure. So, as you apply brakes and your weight is transferred for-
ward, you need to shift your body toward the rear of the bike, to
transfer weight back on to the rear wheel; and at the same time,
you need to both decrease rear braking and increase front braking
force. This is even more important on descents, because descents
shift weight forward.
Two keys to effective speed control and safe stopping are controlling
wheel lockup and weight transfer. This weight transfer is even more
pronounced if your bike has a front suspension fork. Front suspen-
sion “dips” under braking, increasing the weight transfer (see also
Section 4.F). Practice braking and weight transfer techniques where
there is no traffic or other hazards and distractions.
Everything changes when you ride on loose surfaces or in wet weath-
er. It will take longer to stop on loose surfaces or in wet weather. Tire
adhesion is reduced, so the wheels have less cornering and braking
traction and can lock up with less brake force. Moisture or dirt on the
brake pads reduces their ability to grip. The way to maintain control
on loose or wet surfaces is to go
more slowly.
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