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7SG15 MicroTAPP Description of Operation

©2013 Siemens Protection Devices Limited

Chapter 1 Page 18 of 38

Figure 12

Assume that the voltage is approaching the high voltage setting level. If a tap change is issued it will be an
instruction to lower the voltage, therefore for safety, the raise output logic can be blocked. The same argument
can be applied to the low voltage setting level.

The voltage blocks will take effect at (upper voltage level - total dead-band) and (lower voltage level + total dead-
band). Using typical settings as an example, if the monitor ‘high' alarm setting is 105% and the ‘low’ alarm setting
94% and the relay band setting is

±

1.5%, the ‘raise’ output will be blocked at 102% and the ‘lower’ output at 97%.

When the tap changer is operated manually from the tap change controls

at the tap changer

, the MicroTAPP can

still be used to prevent incorrect control signals by routing the tap changer raise and lower signals through the
MicroTAPP Block Raise and Block Lower output contacts respectively.

When the tap changer is operated manually from the relay, or from

a remote control centre

, all manual control

signals will be allowed. Such operations should therefore only be carried out if there is an indication of the voltage
level available at the point of control.

6.1.2 Voltage transformer faulty

Where a 3 phase VT is used the relay monitors all voltages in order to ensure the integrity of the VT secondary
output. Any abnormalities detected (HV fuse blown for instance) will inhibit the voltage raise outputs from the relay
and initiate an alarm. A VT failure is assumed when:-

5V

Vpps

when

10%

100%

x

Vpps

Vnps

≥

≥

A VT / VT fuse failure will result in misleading phase information being placed on the MPPC by the MicroTAPP
which has detected the failure. This will compromise the operation of all the MicroTAPP’s sharing load information
over the MPPC when they are set to operate in Circ. Current mode of control. For this reason, failure of a VT / VT
Fuse will result in all the MicroTAPP’s sharing the MPPC switching from Circ. Current to TAPP mode of control for
the duration of the failure. Care should be taken, therefore, to set a valid System Power Factor setting even when
using Circ. Current mode of control.

Note that this feature will only be available when the ‘MPPC Failure Detection’ is Enabled.

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Содержание 7sg15 microtapp

Страница 1: ...Answers for energy 7SG15 MicroTAPP Automatic Voltage Control Reyrolle Protection Devices ...

Страница 2: ...or shall any model or article be reproduced from this document unless Siemens Protection Devices Limited consent While the information and guidance given in this document is believed to be correct no liability shall be accepted for any loss or damage caused by any error or omission whether such error or omission is the result of negligence or any other cause Any and all such liability is disclaime...

Страница 3: ...nless Siemens Protection Devices Limited consent While the information and guidance given in this document is believed to be correct no liability shall be accepted for any loss or damage caused by any error or omission whether such error or omission is the result of negligence or any other cause Any and all such liability is disclaimed 2013 Siemens Protection Devices Limited 7SG15 MicroTAPP Automa...

Страница 4: ...ing load drop compensated target settings 13 4 4 8 Dead Reckoning Block 13 4 4 MicroTAPP MicroTAPP communications 13 4 5 Low Frequency Voltage Reduction 13 4 6 Transformer Switch out 13 4 7 Transformer Switch in 14 4 8 Relay Settings 14 4 8 1 Basic Set point 14 4 8 2 Normal voltage deadband 14 4 8 3 Load Drop Compensation LDC 14 4 8 4 Circulating Current Compensation 15 4 8 5 Tap Stagger 15 4 8 6 ...

Страница 5: ... 2 2 Graphical Records 22 7 2 3 Event Records 23 7 3 Communications 23 7 4 Self Monitoring 23 7 5 Password Feature 23 8 User Interface 24 8 1 General Arrangement 24 8 1 1 Liquid Crystal Display 24 8 1 2 LED Indications 24 8 2 Keypad and Display 24 8 3 Serial communications port 26 9 Settings and Displays 27 9 1 Settings Mode 27 9 2 Instruments 33 9 3 Fault Data 33 10 Relay Hardware 34 10 1 Interna...

Страница 6: ...electrical network is implemented by use of voltage sensing relays which control motorised On Load Tap Changers OLTC for distribution system these devices are normally not economic below a transformer secondary voltage of 11kV or 6 6kV The complexity of these systems and the mechanical nature of the OLTC contribute to the long term unreliability and danger of abnormal voltages being applied to the...

Страница 7: ...ulate the group connected load and provide network Load Drop Compensation LDC 2 Calculate circulating reactive current and change the effective voltage measurement in proportion to the magnitude of the current and so encourage a tap change operation that will reduce the circulating current 3 Provide on line readings and historic data MicroTAPP relays use the MicroTAPP Peer to Peer Communication sy...

Страница 8: ...ated via the relay manual raise lower control integral switches The application section of this document gives more information regarding other tap change controls that may be incorporated into the voltage control scheme The operating characteristics of the voltage regulating relay are such that a raise or lower command will only be issued after an initial time delay as set on the voltage regulati...

Страница 9: ...he event of substantial voltage excursions above the set band A fast tap occurs when the voltage rises to a level at least Top of Dead Band 2 of normal voltage for 2 seconds If the relay is allowed to make fast response to a substantial low voltage deviation which is of a transient nature such as for an auto reclose sequence and the tap change is operated to correct the deviation an unwanted over ...

Страница 10: ... transformers operating in parallel can be controlled as a group 4 2 Transformers in Parallel With traditional schemes where 2 or more transformers are connected in parallel either within the same site or across a network a reactive circulating current will flow between them unless the following conditions are met The transformers are identical The transformers have the same number of taps and tap...

Страница 11: ... reactive current flows OUT a bias equivalent to the change in voltage is added to the measured voltage If reactive current flows IN a bias equivalent to the change in voltage is deducted from the measured voltage Referring again to Figure 5 for T2 the effective measured voltage is now reduced to D and for T1 which did not operate the measured voltage is returned to B The voltages measured by each...

Страница 12: ...g reactive current either to an adjacent transformer or into the network The relay will operate to bring the voltage to the correct level as described previously in such a way as to reduce the magnitude of the reactive current If as for the previous example two transformers are in parallel at the same site the circulating current will flow into T2 which will also act to correct the voltage while a...

Страница 13: ...croTAPP uses a communication system for the transfer of load information to other relays thus allowing each relay to determine the summed site load I load as shown in Figure 4 Regardless of the number of transformers in service at any time the LDC effect will be accurate unlike those systems where the transformer load and thus the LDC effect changes as the number of transformers in a group changes...

Страница 14: ...d and effective control to be carried out without a requirement for any additional inputs Information relating to the transformer is required as can be seen by reference to the relay setting section of this document and covers the following situations 4 4 2 Location of tap changer HV or LV side Normally the controlled voltage winding is the un tapped winding and the tapping interval is an equal pe...

Страница 15: ...nd the Relay will Alarm Dead Reckoning Block and block subsequent tap changes This will only be reset once a correct Manual Raise Lower operation has been carried out 4 4 MicroTAPP MicroTAPP communications At a site each MicroTAPP can connect to other MicroTAPP relays through a screened twisted pair cable The MicroTAPP Peer to Peer Communication system MPPC is used to transfer data between the rel...

Страница 16: ...lating current in the normal way The advantage of this control switching sequence is the customer does not experience a large voltage fluctuation whilst switching transformers in and out of service 4 8 Relay Settings Settings applicable to a particular site can be applied to the relay either locally from the relay display a PC via the relay fascia serial port or remotely over a communications link...

Страница 17: ...ut of the deadband the initial delay time out is determined by the difference between the accumulated times that the voltage is outside and inside the deadband The relay counts up to the initial tap delay time for the period that the voltage is outside the deadband If before the initial tap delay time is reached the voltage returns within the deadband then the equipment will count down for the per...

Страница 18: ...re with the following functions Remote Local Auto Manual Auto Manual Auto Control of Tap Changer Manual Raise Lower from Comms and or Status Inputs Auto Control of Tap Changer Manual Raise Lower at Relay fascia Figure 10 5 2 1 Local Remote A switch is provided to allow for the selection of control to be at the relay or from a remote location normally a control centre Remote control is via the comm...

Страница 19: ...nd over voltage alarm level is settable to accommodate the range of voltage allowable by the voltage control settings Voltage Measure Voltage Monitor C25 C26 C27 C28 VT phase A VT phase B VT phase C Figure 11 As a guideline the maximum voltage that should normally be seen is Target Level Band LDC Note that the Target Level might be the Target Voltage setting or any relevant Auxiliary Target settin...

Страница 20: ... the relay or from a remote control centre all manual control signals will be allowed Such operations should therefore only be carried out if there is an indication of the voltage level available at the point of control 6 1 2 Voltage transformer faulty Where a 3 phase VT is used the relay monitors all voltages in order to ensure the integrity of the VT secondary output Any abnormalities detected H...

Страница 21: ...hange to run away The MicroTAPP intelligently monitors the relationship between the initiating control signals the tap change in progress inputs and the tap position For a tap change to be correct the following sequence must take place 1 A control signal must be issued to initiate the process 2 The tap position must change to a new position 3 The tap change mechanism must stop completely A Tap In ...

Страница 22: ...te contacts both for lockout and alarms Output contacts can be used for the tripping of a mechanically latched contactor or the permissive operation normally open contactor 6 2 2 Tap Change Incomplete If a raise or lower signal is sent to initiate a tap change operation and the operation is not completed then the relay can be configured to issue an alarm and lockout the tap change motor power supp...

Страница 23: ...s a single tap change control will result in more than one tap change operation The positions may also be indicated as the same position and labelled with suffix letters i e 8A 8B 8C A system that allows for presentation of the tap position as indicated on the tap change mechanism is integrated into the TPI set up menu accessed by use of a tap customisation sub menu If a tap position is maintained...

Страница 24: ... 18 0MVA 0 97PF Figure 15 7 2 Data Storage with Date and Time Data records are available in three forms namely fault records graphical records and event records 7 2 1 Fault Records This screen enables the 10 most recent tap changer faults to be viewed For each the date and time of the fault and a short description of the events leading to the fault are provided Following maintenance all fault and ...

Страница 25: ...ilable on the Siemens Protection Devices Ltd website Reydisp Evolution is freely available to allow transfer of the following Relay settings Graphical records Event records Instruments and meters Control Functions Communications operation is described in detail in the Siemens Protection Devices Ltd technical report Communications Interface Manual 7 4 Self Monitoring The MicroTAPP incorporates a nu...

Страница 26: ... 2 Press either the left most or second left buttons to increase or decrease the contrast 8 1 2 LED Indications 8 1 2 1 MicroTAPP Healthy A green LED labelled Relay Healthy is provided When the relay is powered up and running normally the LED will be on permanently If a permanent fault is detected by the internal self monitoring algorithms and watchdog the LED will flash continuously 8 1 2 2 Volta...

Страница 27: ...endent if a voltage swing through occurs the display will show both time outs one increasing and one decreasing The first timer that times out will initiate a tap change in the appropriate direction When the buttons are operated the labels will change to indicate other functions If a fault has occurred the TEST LEDS button is automatically changed to RESET and allows the fault to be cleared Operat...

Страница 28: ...e voltage has returned to 70 of its nominal level TPI fault Dead reckoning Error detected or Tap Position is 0 MicroTAPP 102 only Remote VT fuse blown VT VT Fuse failure reported over the MPPC Switched to TAPP mode Control mode switched from Circ Current to TAPP due to MPPC or remote VT VT Fuse failure The complete range of controls and menu functions are detailed in the SETTINGS AND DISPLAY secti...

Страница 29: ... buttons allows each mode to be entered where further menu options enable settings to be entered At each level a push button can be used to return to a higher menu level Figure 19 9 1 Settings Mode For correct operation the MicroTAPP relay requires information regarding the network to which it is connected Information relating to the transformer characteristics the tap changer other transformers o...

Страница 30: ...Transformer Number Where the Relay is configured to communicate with other units using the MPPC it is important that each MicroTAPP is given a unique identifying number For example if two transformers T1 and T2 are installed it would be logical to use 1 as the identifier for the T1 Relay and 2 as the identifier for the T2 Relay Transformer Capacity The Transformer Full Load continuous rating Trans...

Страница 31: ...etween transformers Voltage Control Method TAPP the preferred option or simple Circulating Current Frequency Voltage Reduction Enables voltage reduction for drop in system frequency Frequency Voltage Reduction Level The frequency at or below which the frequency voltage reduction applies Voltage Control Target Voltage Basic target voltage level Voltage Band Voltage Control dead band Load Drop Compe...

Страница 32: ...Level Alarm Level for voltages outside top of Deadband Undervoltage Alarm Level Alarm Level for voltages outside bottom of Deadband Overload Blocking Level Prevents Tap Changer operating during Overload condition Functional Outputs mapable to hardware Plant Outputs Relay Healthy MicroTAPP is healthy If an alarm is to be sent a normally closed contact should be used Instantaneous Alarm Tap Raise Ra...

Страница 33: ...Selected Indicates Settings Group 6 is currently Active Group 7 Selected Indicates Settings Group 7 is currently Active Group 8 Selected Indicates Settings Group 8 is currently Active Any functional output can be allocated to any output relay If more than one output is mapped to the same output relay the status of the individual outputs are OR ed together to obtain the overall status of the output...

Страница 34: ...t Group 2 Temporarily switch Active Settings Group to Group 2 Select Group 3 Temporarily switch Active Settings Group to Group 3 Select Group 4 Temporarily switch Active Settings Group to Group 4 Select Group 5 Temporarily switch Active Settings Group to Group 5 Select Group 6 Temporarily switch Active Settings Group to Group 6 Select Group 7 Temporarily switch Active Settings Group to Group 7 Sel...

Страница 35: ...tage and Current levels the values shown depend upon the connection method Phase relationships shown relative to the Measured Voltage Frequency Frequency of the Measured Voltage Phase Sequence NPS and PPS values for secondary Voltage Tap Changer Status Digital I O Status Data Storage Number of Events Tap Counter Tap Changer Maintenance values MPPC Peer to Peer Communications status 9 3 Fault Data ...

Страница 36: ...s been chosen to provide a high level of EMI screening using multi layer PCBs with ground planes RFI suppression components and earthed metal screens The case is divided internally into noisy and quiet areas in order to improve noise immunity and reduce RFI emissions The only direct connection from the quiet components to the external environment is via the optical serial communications interface ...

Страница 37: ...7SG15 MicroTAPP Description of Operation 2013 Siemens Protection Devices Limited Chapter 1 Page 35 of 38 Appendix A ...

Страница 38: ...croTAPP Rear View E8 case MicroTAPP Rear View E12 case Note that the identification letter at the top of the card A B C D E refers to its position within a particular case It does not refer to the card s functionality This is instead specified by the functionality identifier at the bottom of the card AN1 I O2 I O1 PSU ...

Страница 39: ...ogue connections show use with a star connected VT other arangements can be used 2 CT connection is shown on blue phase any connection can used 3 IO2 is provided on E12 case sizes only IO2 arrangement is for MT XXX XJ ordering option For MT XXX XK ordering option all Output Contacts on IO2 are Normally Open Ir Vr Vs ISO Rx 20 7 2 3 4 5 6 ISODTR ISO Tx ISORTS ISODTR ISODTR ISOGND S5 S4 8 6 4 2 16 1...

Страница 40: ... Description of Operation 2013 Siemens Protection Devices Limited Chapter 1 Page 38 of 38 Appendix D Overall Dimensions and panel drilling for Epsilon E8 case Overall Dimensions and panel drilling for Epsilon E12 case ...

Страница 41: ...odel or article be reproduced from this document unless Siemens Protection Devices Limited consent While the information and guidance given in this document is believed to be correct no liability shall be accepted for any loss or damage caused by any error or omission whether such error or omission is the result of negligence or any other cause Any and all such liability is disclaimed 2010 Siemens...

Страница 42: ...n Contents 1 General 3 2 Characteristics 3 3 Auxiliary energising quantities 4 4 Status Inputs 5 5 Output Contacts 5 6 Thermal withstand 6 7 Accuracy 6 8 Environmental withstand 7 2010 Siemens Protection Devices Limited Chapter 2 Page 2 of 8 ...

Страница 43: ... 0 125Hz between 47Hz and 63Hz System Power Factor 0 5 2 2 Measuring Circuit Burden 1A current input 1VA 0 5Ω 5A current input 1VA 0 5Ω 110V voltage input 0 1VA 1MΩ 2 3 Basic Voltage Control Vt Target level 85 to 115 step 0 1 Bw Bandwidth 0 to 5 step 0 1 ti Initial Delay DTL 2s to 180s step 1s IDMTL time setting target voltage and deadband to be defined The relay will use phase A B r m s voltage f...

Страница 44: ...icroTAPP will act to prevent frequency reduction by voltage reduction if appropriate by predicting the likely effect The settings and accuracies are not yet defined 2 7 Monitoring and Guard Levels The MicroTAPP will prevent tap changer runaway and out of limit tapping as follows Overcurrent Level 100 to 200 step 1 Overvoltage Level 95 to 120 step 1 Undervoltage Level 80 to 105 step 1 N P S Level 1...

Страница 45: ...ith external dropper resistors as follows Nominal Voltage Resistor Value Wattage 110 125 V 2k7 5 2 5 W 220 250 V 8k2 5 6 0 W 4 2 Status Input Performance Minimum DC current to operate status input 10mA Reset Operate voltage ratio 90 Recommended minimum pulse duration 500ms 5 Output Contacts 5 1 Carry continuously 5A a c or d c 5 2 Make and carry limit L R 40ms and V 300V For 0 5s 20A a c or d c Fo...

Страница 46: ...uency 50 60Hz Ambient temperature 20 C 7 2 Accuracy Bandwidth accuracy 1 of absolute level Load measurement 5 of total substation load assuming balance load Circulating current measurement 5 of non load current Repeatability 1 Delays 1 or 0 5 sec 7 3 Accuracy Influencing Quantities 7 3 1 Temperature Ambient range 10 C to 55 C Variation over range 5 7 3 2 Frequency Range 47Hz to 62Hz Setting variat...

Страница 47: ...70 C 8 2 Humidity IEC 60068 2 3 Operational test 56 days at 40 C and 95 r h 8 3 Transient Overvoltage IEC 60255 5 Between all terminals and earth or any 2 terminals without damage or flashover 5kV 1 2 50µs 0 5J 8 4 Insulation IEC 60255 5 Between any circuit and earth 2 0kV for 1min Between independent circuits 2 0kV for 1min Across normally open contacts 1 0kV for 1min 8 5 High Frequency Disturban...

Страница 48: ... 4kV 5 50ns 2 5kHz repetitive variation 3 8 9 Vibration Sinusoidal IEC 60255 21 1 Class I Vibration response 0 5gn variation 5 Vibration endurance 1 0gn variation 5 8 10 Seismic IEC 60255 21 3 Class I Seismic response 1gn variation 5 8 11 Shock and Bump IEC 60255 21 2 Class I Shock response 5gn 11ms variation 5 Shock withstand 15gn 11ms variation 5 Bump test 10gn 16ms variation 5 8 12 Mechanical C...

Страница 49: ...m this document unless Siemens Protection Devices Limited consent While the information and guidance given in this document is believed to be correct no liability shall be accepted for any loss or damage caused by any error or omission whether such error or omission is the result of negligence or any other cause Any and all such liability is disclaimed 2012 Siemens Protection Devices Limited 7SG15...

Страница 50: ...nts 1 System Config Menu 3 2 Transformer Menu 3 3 TAP Changer Menu 3 4 Network Config Menu 4 5 Voltage Control Menu 4 6 102 Advanced Control Menu 5 7 Voltage Control Menu 5 8 Output Config Menu 6 9 Status Config Menu 7 10 Communications Menu 8 11 Data Storage Menu 8 12 TAP Changer Maint Menu 8 ...

Страница 51: ...e C 5 to 50 steps of 0 1 20 0 102 Trfmr Nominal Primary kV C 0 4 to 40 steps 0 1 41 to 200 steps of 1 205 to 800 steps of 5 33 0 kV Trfmr Nominal Sec y kV C 0 4 to 40 steps 0 1 41 to 200 steps of 1 205 to 800 steps of 5 11 0 kV VT Phases C 3 Phase AB BC CA AE BE CE 3 Phase VT Ratio kV V C 0 4 to 40 steps 0 1 41 to 200 steps of 1 205 to 800 steps of 5 11 0 kV 110 V 63 5 100 110 120 200 210 220 230 ...

Страница 52: ...g or leading Voltage Control Method TAPP or Circ Current TAPP Frequency Voltage Reduction Enabled or Disabled Enabled Freq Voltage Redn Level Hz 47 to 62 steps of 0 1 48 0 Hz 5 Voltage Control Menu SETTING RANGE DEFAULT Target Voltage of nominal voltage 85 to 115 steps of 0 1 100 0 Voltage Band of nominal voltage 0 5 to 10 0 steps of 0 1 1 5 Load Drop Comp of nominal voltage 0 to 20 step of 0 1 2 ...

Страница 53: ...or Lowest Ratio Highest Ratio Tap Changer Location LV or HV HV V Target Adjust Step Size of nominal voltage 0 50 to 2 50 steps of 0 05 1 25 Volt Target Ackn Length milliseconds 0 to 1000 step of 1 1010 to 10 000 step of 10 10 100 to 60 000 step of 100 1000 ms Reactive Stability Factor of circulating current compensating voltage Disabled 10 to 95 steps of 5 Disabled 7 Voltage Control Menu SETTING R...

Страница 54: ...and C RL 1 to RL 5 to RL 13 NONE Block Lower Command C RL 1 to RL 5 to RL 13 NONE VT Fuse Blown C RL 1 to RL 5 to RL 13 NONE Remote VT fuse blown C RL 1 to RL 5 to RL 13 NONE Tap change Reset C RL 1 to RL 5 to RL 13 NONE 102 Dead Reckoning Block C RL 1 to RL 5 to RL 13 NONE MPPC Failure C RL 1 to RL 5 to RL 13 NONE End of Tap Range C RL 1 to RL 5 to RL 13 NONE Tap not achievable C RL 1 to RL 5 to ...

Страница 55: ...arget 1 C S1 to S11 to S19 SI 4 Select Aux Target 2 C S1 to S11 to S19 SI 5 Select Aux Target 3 C S1 to S11 to S19 NONE Local Remote C S1 to S11 to S19 NONE 102 Volt Target Incr C S1 to S11 to S19 NONE 102 Volt Target Decr C S1 to S11 to S19 NONE 102 Volt Target Reset C S1 to S11 to S19 NONE Select Group 1 C S1 to S11 to S19 NONE Select Group 2 C S1 to S11 to S19 NONE Select Group 3 C S1 to S11 to...

Страница 56: ...rity C NONE ODD or EVEN EVEN COM 2 Line Idle C LIGHT OFF or LIGHT ON LIGHT OFF COM 2 Data Echo C OFF or ON OFF COM 2 Direction C AUTO DETECT FRONT PORT or REAR PORT AUTO DETECT IEC60870 class 2 Refresh seconds C 0 to 60 step of 1 70 to 600 step of 10 60 s IEC60870 class 2 Window of nominal C OFF 1 to 20 step of 1 OFF 11Data Storage Menu SETTING RANGE DEFAULT Clear all Events NO or YES NO Clear all...

Страница 57: ...odel or article be reproduced from this document unless Siemens Protection Devices Limited consent While the information and guidance given in this document is believed to be correct no liability shall be accepted for any loss or damage caused by any error or omission whether such error or omission is the result of negligence or any other cause Any and all such liability is disclaimed 2011 Siemens...

Страница 58: ...stics 3 2 2 Fibre Optic Cable 4 2 3 Connection Methods 4 3 Relay Settings 4 3 1 Transmission Method 4 3 2 Communications Menu 4 4 Fibre Optic Data 5 4 1 Launch Power dBm 5 4 2 Receiver Sensitivity dBm 5 4 3 Distance Calculation 5 4 4 Distances 6 2011 Siemens Protection Devices Limited Chapter 4 Page 2 of 8 ...

Страница 59: ...s a fibre optic hub with one system port and up to 29 ports for connecting to the relays Sigma 3 is a fibre optic to dual RS232 interface It has one fibre optic port for connection to the relay s and two electrical RS232 ports The rear electrical port is intended for connection to a control system The front port allows local access for example from a laptop PC When a device is connected to the fro...

Страница 60: ...IR 007 Connection to the electrical port is via a standard modem cable 3 Relay Settings 3 1 Transmission Method Half duplex serial asynchronous transmission 3 2 Communications Menu The relay communications are set up by accessing the configuration communications menu of the relay Relay settings should be matched to the settings on the master station The settings for Com2 apply to both the fibre op...

Страница 61: ...ication will take place 4 Fibre Optic Data 4 1 Launch Power dBm The amount of light that can be focussed into the fibre SOURCE CABLE TYPE Argus p Argus Modular I Modular II Sigma 1 Sigma 3 p Sigma 3 Sigma 4 p Sigma 4 1 mm polymer 10 5 7 10 7 7 14 8 14 6 10 6 14 6 200 µm PCS 14 4 6 2 11 7 6 2 6 2 21 8 13 4 21 7 13 4 62 5 125 µm glass 29 16 20 16 16 22 7 22 7 50 125 µm glass 32 6 19 8 22 8 19 8 19 8...

Страница 62: ...5 75 Sigma 4 ST 2 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 2 5 5 0 5 0 5 0 200µm PCS DESTINATION SOURCE Argus p Argus Modular I Modular II Sigma 1 Sigma 3 p Sigma 3 ST Sigma 4 p Sigma 4 Argus p 100 260 0 260 260 100 320 320 320 Argus 1540 2110 0 2110 2110 1540 2310 2310 2310 Modular I 0 0 1320 0 0 750 1520 1520 1520 Modular II 1540 2110 0 2110 2110 1540 2310 2310 2310 Sigma 1 1540 2110 0 2110 2110 1540 2310 2310 2310 Si...

Страница 63: ...th a Sigma 4p is required to communicate with a PC The ring consists of an Argus relay and a MicroTAPP From the Transmitter of the Sigma 4p to the Receiver of the Argus using 1mm polymer fibre the maximum distance is 38m From the Transmitter of the Argus to the Receiver of the MicroTAPP Modular II using 1mm polymer fibre the maximum distance is 70m From the Transmitter of the MicroTAPP to the Rece...

Страница 64: ...Sigma 3 or Sigma 4 Master Serial Optical Link Note each Serial Optical Link consists of two fibres a transmit and a receive Figure 3 Fibre Optic Star Connection Using Sigma 1 Tx Rx Laptop computer Sigma 4 SG4 101 102 Rx Tx Local Figure 4 Fibre Optic Connection to One Relay using Sigma 4 Tx Rx Laptop computer Sigma 4 SG4 101 102 Rx Tx Local Modem Modem Telephone Network Figure 5 Remote Dial Up Conn...

Страница 65: ... or article be reproduced from this document unless Siemens Protection Devices Limited consent While the information and guidance given in this document is believed to be correct no liability shall be accepted for any loss or damage caused by any error or omission whether such error or omission is the result of negligence or any other cause Any and all such liability is disclaimed 2011 Siemens Pro...

Страница 66: ...ndards 3 3 Wiring Diagrams 4 4 Application of TAP change control 4 5 MT1 102 Advanced Relay Application Guide 9 6 Network Control 10 7 Voltage Transformers 12 8 Current Transformers 13 9 Wiring Configurations 14 2011 Siemens Protection Devices Limited Chapter 5 Page 2 of 21 ...

Страница 67: ... No Load Full Load No Load Full Load 33 11kV Transformer Basic 100 used to offset higher voltage system drop 0 0 0 0 MV System 0 0 0 8 LV System 0 1 0 7 Total 0 1 0 15 No load Full load variation 1 15 Table 1 Under the conditions shown in Table 1 where a basic control of voltage is used to give a constant voltage at the 11kV busbar a customer connected close to the 33 11kV source can receive a sup...

Страница 68: ...om the ideal advantage can still be gained by the use of restricted settings including those networks where voltage drops occur only on the LV system 3 Wiring Diagrams The MicroTAPP has been designed as a complete system The external wiring requirement necessary for connection to other equipment is minimal Examples of typical arrangements for control of a tap changing transformer are attached at t...

Страница 69: ...their voltage deadbands The Power Factor Instrument is now selected using the fascia keypad The relay Power Factor and Group Load in MVA are recorded from both relays over a period of time The results are examined to find where the peak load occurred The System Power Factor setting applied should reflect the power factor when the load is near or at its steady peak level The substation load will va...

Страница 70: ...In more complex sites transformers may operate in groups with the busbar split making two effective load groupings Regardless of the transformer grouping the MPPC should always be connected to each relay Where operational requirements necessitate changes to the busbar configuration and LDC is used consideration must be given to the MicroTAPP relay settings Take an example of four transformers norm...

Страница 71: ...n for the detection of circulating current When selected for TAPP operation modified negative reactance circulating current mode the relay operates to minimise circulating current between transformers at the same site and also when transformers are operated in parallel across networks For optimum performance an accurate normal network power factor must be entered as the System Power Factor setting...

Страница 72: ...antly less than the load demand on the busbar a large generator will be capable of supplying significant proportion of the load In practice the running arrangements for a particular site will determine the method of voltage control and the optimum settings that will be used Tables 3 and 4 are included as a guide only Synchronous Generators Type of Generator Small Generator in parallel with Transfo...

Страница 73: ...ulating current control scheme all relays must be set to operate from a voltage source on one side of the transformers only With the MT1 102 relay this may be the directly measured voltage where the AVC VT is located i e normal or at the other side where the voltage is calculated i e a virtual VT The relays can then have their control point switched as demonstrated by the example below Application...

Страница 74: ...hanges and hence wear but at the expense of some variation in the busbar voltage To allow the transformer voltage drop to be ignored the VT must be located at the opposite side of the transformer from the load Normal Band A B C D E F D 4 Taps 5 Taps Figure 6 6 Network Control 6 1 Switching Out When a transformer as a member of a group is switched out of service an increase in load on the remaining...

Страница 75: ...re 8 6 3 Falling Frequency When available generation cannot meet demand the power system frequency will fall When the frequency falls to a pre defined value circuit breakers are opened to shed load and thus return the frequency to normal Where loads are resistive a controlled voltage reduction can facilitate a load reduction before the operation of circuit breakers a general standard for the reduc...

Страница 76: ...n abnormal voltage Disabling is achieved by means of an auxiliary switch in the transformer s lower voltage circuit breaker which is arranged to disconnect the MicroTAPP enable input or by applying a signal to implement a Tap change block command to the relay For more complex substations further auxiliary switches may be considered to be necessary in the bus section and or bus coupler circuit brea...

Страница 77: ...lated exactly to the transformer full load rating The actual value is entered in the system settings transformer menu together with the power transformer details from which the control algorithms determine the actual current value If the CT is mounted at the circuit breaker the CT current direction will be reversed the setting menu allows the current direction to be reversed The accuracy of the me...

Страница 78: ...eduction from SCADA Status 5 6 voltage reduction from SCADA Status 6 Prepare for Switch Out from SCADA Status 7 Tap in Progress switch is closed Status 8 Auto selection from SCADA Status 9 Manual selection from SCADA Status 10 Raise signal from SCADA Status 11 Lower signal from SCADA Table 5 Controls can also be carried out by use of the serial communication connections into the relay making use o...

Страница 79: ...se the MicroTAPP set up menu for the transformer allows the particular connection to be specified Figure 11 shows the connections for a single phase VT 9 2 Current Transformers Figures 10 and 11 also show the relay connections for a current transformer The input allows for any CT nominal secondary current up to 5 amps to be used The MicroTAPP setup menu for the transformer allows the particular ra...

Страница 80: ... of the tap position If a resistor type sender unit is used for the signalling of tap position an extra resistor having a value equal to 1 tap interval resistor must be inserted at the bottom of the resistor chain as shown in Figure 12 Where resistors are used for determination of tap position sender unit a worn or poorly maintained moving contact may become open circuit and the indicator will rea...

Страница 81: ...to indicate a transfer position in this case 7 8T 8 8T 9 It is important that the tap positions above the transfer point are also re numbered The commissioning section of this manual gives details of the tap changer set up procedure and correct determination of the number of physical tap positions 9 7 MicroTAPP Peer to Peer Communications MPPC At a site load and status information is passed betwee...

Страница 82: ...s to occur the relay will automatically switch to TAPP mode Only those relays set to the same Transformer Group will share load and circulating current information 9 8 Alarms A wide range of abnormal states are detected by the MicroTAPP which are available from the Fault Data option in the relay menu and remotely via serial communication 2011 Siemens Protection Devices Limited Chapter 5 Page 18 of...

Страница 83: ... Master Lockout Relay trip coil runaway prevention Raise Contactor Lower Contactor Isolator Overload Motor 3 phase power supply Maintaining switch driven by mechanism Raise Lower Typical Tap Changer Motor Circuit 2011 Siemens Protection Devices Limited Chapter 5 Page 19 of 21 ...

Страница 84: ...r Tap Change mounted control S2 RL5 RL4 RL2 POWER SUPPLY S3 MicroTAPP Raise Lower Lockout CASE EARTH Master Lockout or Permissive relay runaway prevention Raise from T C Lower from T C Block Raise Block Lower Ballast Resistor if Required MicroTAPP enabled S1 S7 In Progress Blocking Contacts are Optional Tap Changer scheme setting in Basic mode MicroTAPP Typical Tap Change Control Circuit using ste...

Страница 85: ...ing tap change POWER SUPPLY MicroTAPP MicroTAPP enabled CASE EARTH S1 S7 In Progress RL5 RL4 RL2 Raise Lower Lockout S2 S3 Raise from T C Lower from T C Ballast Resistor if Required Master Lockout reset coil example only Master Lockout or Permissive relay runaway prevention Tap Changer scheme setting in Step by Step mode MicroTAPP Typical Tap Change Control Circuit with intelligent MicroTAPP step ...

Страница 86: ...rom this document unless Siemens Protection Devices Limited consent While the information and guidance given in this document is believed to be correct no liability shall be accepted for any loss or damage caused by any error or omission whether such error or omission is the result of negligence or any other cause Any and all such liability is disclaimed 2012 Siemens Protection Devices Limited 7SG...

Страница 87: ... 2 of 5 Contents 1 Packaging 3 2 Unpacking storage and handling 3 3 Recommended Mounting Position 3 4 Disposal 4 5 External Connections 4 6 Earthing 4 7 Relay Dimensions 4 8 Fixings 5 8 1 Crimps 5 8 2 Panel Fixing Screws 5 8 3 Communications 5 9 Ancillary Equipment 5 10 Precautions 5 ...

Страница 88: ...dling procedure is followed The relay s electronic circuits are protected from damage by static discharge when the relay is housed in its case When individual modules are withdrawn from the case static handling procedures should be observed Before removing the module from its case the operator must first ensure that he is at the same potential as the relay by touching the case The module must not ...

Страница 89: ...5 External connections include the requirement for twisted pair cables connected between MicroTAPP control devices operating in a group The control relay at each end of the loop of twisted pair cables require bus end resistors to be connected These are provided inside every MicroTAPP relay but only need to be connected at both ends of the twisted pair interconnections see section 1 Appendix C of t...

Страница 90: ...ia For local interrogation a portable PC is required The PC must be capable of running Microsoft Windows Version 3 1 or greater Connection is made through a standard RS232 port on the PC A standard straight through not cross over modem cable is required to connect from the PC to the 25 pin female D type connector on the front of the relay If only a USB port is available on the PC a suitable USB RS...

Страница 91: ...from this document unless Siemens Protection Devices Limited consent While the information and guidance given in this document is believed to be correct no liability shall be accepted for any loss or damage caused by any error or omission whether such error or omission is the result of negligence or any other cause Any and all such liability is disclaimed 2012 Siemens Protection Devices Limited 7S...

Страница 92: ...ction 3 2 Test Equipment 3 3 Inspection 3 4 Precautions 3 5 LCD Contrast Adjustment 3 6 Tests 3 6 1 Insulation 4 6 2 Signal Inputs 4 6 3 Automatic Voltage Control 4 6 4 Protection 5 7 Operational Service 6 7 1 Off Load Testing 6 7 2 On Load Tests 8 7 3 Operational Settings 10 7 4 System Power Factor Settings 10 ...

Страница 93: ...h the relay wiring diagram and the scheme diagram Check the relay is correctly programmed and the relay is fully inserted into the case Refer to the Description of Operation for programming the relay 4 Precautions Before testing commences the equipment should be isolated from the current transformers and the CTs short circuited in line with the local site procedures The inputs and alarm circuits s...

Страница 94: ...ll points of control should be checked preferably prior to energising the transformer If this is not possible care should be exercised when operating the tap change mechanism to prevent abnormal voltages The checks shown in Table 1 should be carried out in sequence to confirm the correct operation of the various points of control in the order 1A 1B etc The table indicates a typical arrangement of ...

Страница 95: ...r point are also re numbered 6 4 2 Physical Tap Position It is important that the number of tap positions is input correctly If for example a tap changer has 19 tap positions from 1 through 19 then 19 should be entered in the system tap changer number of taps and the tap customisation should be disabled If a tap changer has 19 tap positions from 1 through 19 but has transfer positions of 9 10 and ...

Страница 96: ...way Prevention Unit should lock out soon after the first complete tap change operation depending upon the tap change operating time Repeat for the lower direction For very fast tap change mechanisms more than one tap change operation may occur before the lockout operates In this case great care should be exercised if the test is carried out with the transformer on load 7 Operational Service 7 1 Of...

Страница 97: ...tage Deadband 1 for margin Where the Max and Min Basic Voltages might be the Target Voltage setting or any relevant Auxiliary Target setting For example with a 100 target setting 94 auxiliary target setting 5 LDC setting and a 1 5 band width setting the High Alarm setting would be 100 5 1 5 1 107 5 and the Low Alarm setting would be 94 1 5 1 91 5 The raise and lower inhibit relays are automaticall...

Страница 98: ...ltage Table 2 7 2 2 Procedure 1 Switch all transformer tap change controls to Manual 2 Adjust tap positions so that any circulating current is at a minimum and the system voltage level is satisfactory 3 If the transformers are dissimilar or are connected across a network different tap positions may be required in order to achieve minimum circulating current 4 Measure the CT secondary current using...

Страница 99: ...the minimisation of circulating current will be correct However further checks can be carried out depending on the site configuration 2 Transformer Substations For this test the 2 transformers should be arranged such that the busbar voltage is normal and no circulating current is flowing The following procedure should now be carried out 1 Switch to Manual 2 Set the band to 1 0 3 Set LDC to 0 on ea...

Страница 100: ...s Whether the relay is selected to operate in TAPP or circulating current Voltage Control Method the target power factor must be set accurately This is because the relay reverts to TAPP from circulating current if a fault on the MPPC KANBUS is selected Also the Line Drop Compensation is also normalised to the target power factor If the System Power Factor is not set closely to the true load power ...

Страница 101: ... article be reproduced from this document unless Siemens Protection Devices Limited consent While the information and guidance given in this document is believed to be correct no liability shall be accepted for any loss or damage caused by any error or omission whether such error or omission is the result of negligence or any other cause Any and all such liability is disclaimed 2013 Siemens Protec...

Страница 102: ...croTAPP Maintenance 2013 Siemens Protection Devices Limited Chapter 8 Page 2 of 3 Contents 1 Introduction 3 2 Tests 3 3 Basic Level Set Point 3 4 Load Drop Compensation LDC Set Point 3 5 Alarms 3 6 Completion 3 ...

Страница 103: ...can take place when settings are changed As settings will be changed for testing purposes the operational levels should be noted prior to testing 3 Basic Level Set Point Use a good quality RMS measuring voltmeter to measure the incoming voltage transformer level Reduce the bandwidth control to 1 and operate the BASIC control to confirm the upper and lower limits are correct 4 Load Drop Compensatio...

Страница 104: ...r Support Center Phone 49 180 524 8437 Fax 49 180 524 24 71 E mail support energy siemens com Power Distribution Division Order No C53000 G7076 C23 3 Printed in Fürth Printed on elementary chlorine free bleached paper All rights reserved Trademarks mentioned in this document are the property of Siemens AG its affili ates or their respective owners Subject to change without prior notice The informa...

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