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SBIG ST-402 Operating Manual 

 

 Page 10 

 

and decrease.  Click the ones adjacent to the 

Range

 setting and you’ll see 

the image 

contrast

 increase and decrease.  Here’s a summary of how this 

works: 
 

Increasing the 

Back

 decreases the image 

brightness

 and vice-versa.  

Increasing the 

Range

 decreases the image 

contrast

 and vice-versa. 

 
Set the 

Back

 to 8,000 and the 

Range

 to 20,000 by typing in the fields 

(without the comma) and then hit the 

Apply

 button to get us back to where 

we started.  When you manually enter values in the 

Back

 and 

Range

 you 

must hit 

Apply

 to see the effect. 

 

Let’s learn a little more about the controls in the 

Contrast

 dialog.  Click 

the 

Invert

 checkbox and notice that the image now looks like a negative.  

For images of faint objects, viewing the image as a negative by clicking 

Invert

 can reveal faint structure. 

 

Unclick 

Invert

 and then click 

Sharpen

 on and off several times while 

looking at the fine detail in the image.  With the 

Sharpen

 checked it’s 

almost as if the focus improves.  That’s the effect of Sharpen.  It works 
great on well-exposed images but tends to increase the noise in faint areas. 
 

The last thing to try in the 

Contrast

 dialog is the 

Mag

 popup.  It’s set to 

1:1

 but selecting 

2:1

 or 

4:1

 zooms in on the image, enlarging the image 

display.  Selecting 

1:2

 or 

1:4

 zooms out on the image.  Try the 

1:2

 and 

2:1

 

settings.  You may wonder if all these changes to the 

Contrast

 dialog are 

destructive to the image data.  They are not. 
 

Changes to the settings in the Contrast dialog only affect the way the image 
is displayed.  They 

do not modify

 the actual pixel values. 

 

In Summary 

 

Clicking 

Auto

 is a good place to start with most images. 

 

Back

 controls image 

brightness

 and 

Range

 controls 

contrast.

 

 

Clicking 

Invert

 can help reveal faint detail in images. 

 

Clicking 

Smooth

 can reduce the noise in underexposed images. 

 

Clicking 

Sharpen

 reveals additional detail in well-exposed images. 

 

Establishing a Link  

It’s time to actually connect up to your camera and take some images.  If 
you haven’t installed the drivers already go back to 

Section 2

 and do so 

now. 
 

If you’ve taken a break from the tutorial and the camera isn’t powered 

up and attached to the computer do so now buy plugging in the power 
source and then connecting the camera to the computer.  At this point the 

Fan

 and 

LED

 on the back of the camera should be on. 

SBIG ST-402 Operating Manual 

 

 Page 11 

 

 

Use the 

Graphics/Comm Setup

 command in the 

Misc

 menu to make 

sure 

USB

 is selected for the 

Interface

.  Click 

OK

 to set/confirm that and 

then use the 

Establish COM Link

 command in the 

Camera

 menu. 

 

CCDOps will try to connect to your camera, which can take several 

seconds to complete.  If successful you’ll hear the shutter emit a series of 
clicking sounds as it finds home and you’ll see updated information in the 

Link Status

 fields show in the lower-right corner of the CCDOps window 

as shown here: 

 

This shows the link has been established to an ST-402, that the Temperature 
of the CCD is 18.48°C and that the TE cooling is disabled (0%).  The 
clicking is not a death rattle – it is simply the shutter homing against a stop. 
 

Camera Info 

After establishing a link to the ST-402 use the 

Information

 command in the 

Camera

 menu and you’ll see the dialog shown below; 

 

The 

Camera Information

 command shows you the capabilities of your 

camera.  There are a few key items here that you should be aware of should 
you ever need technical support: 

Firmware Version/Driver Info

 – Over time we revise the camera firmware 

and drivers to add new capabilities and fix software bugs.  The 
ST-402 actually has its firmware downloaded to it every time it 
connects to the PC after a power-up sequence, which makes it very 
easy for us to update the ST-402 in the field.  To make sure you 

Содержание ST-402ME

Страница 1: ...ion which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna Increase the separation between the receiver and the equipment Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected Consult the dealer or an e...

Страница 2: ...ith internal shutter allowing exposures down to 40 milliseconds that makes taking dark frames a trivial task USB 2 interface yielding up to 1 2 megapixels per second download rates but full backward compatibility with USB 1 1 computers at 400 kilopixels per second Input power requirements of 10 0 14 5 Volts DC at 1 Amp through the new center positive locking power jack Telescope interface with fou...

Страница 3: ...e first time you MUST install the software as described below SBIG ST 402 Operating Manual Page 3 2 Installing the Software Installing USB drivers on a Windows system can be a difficult task if you don t follow the instructions to the letter Please don t plug the camera into the computer until instructed to do so below and please follow the instructions carefully 1 Disable Driver Signing Windows X...

Страница 4: ... copying the SBIG ST 402 Loader driver then show you the Completing the Found New Hardware Wizard page Click Finish At this point the Red LED on the back of the camera should be on and if you had been watching it you would have seen it blink several times while the PC was booting the camera SBIG ST 402 Operating Manual Page 5 11 After booting the camera Windows will bring up another copy of the Wi...

Страница 5: ...he Exposure Time was 1 0 second Spend some time inspecting the data then click in the dialog to close it Data like this is always attached to saved images and you can show it using the Parameters command in the Display menu After the Image Parameters dialog has gone you ll see the image displayed in its own window and the Contrast dialog will appear The image is shown below SBIG ST 402 Operating M...

Страница 6: ...open light frame and another of equal exposure with the shutter closed dark frame You then subtract the dark frame from the light frame and because the hot pixels and the readout glow repeat from one image to another they are removed by the subtraction Let s see how this works Close Image 2 and Open Image 3 which is a 10 second light frame where you can get a hint of the object but the hot SBIG ST...

Страница 7: ...mages Clicking Smooth can reduce the noise in underexposed images Clicking Sharpen reveals additional detail in well exposed images Establishing a Link It s time to actually connect up to your camera and take some images If you haven t installed the drivers already go back to Section 2 and do so now If you ve taken a break from the tutorial and the camera isn t powered up and attached to the compu...

Страница 8: ... the TE cooler We recommend choosing a temperature that is 20 to 23 degrees below the ambient temperature Choosing a lower temperature won t hurt the camera but you ll notice in the Link Status field bottom of screen that the CCD never attains the temperature and the TE stays at 100 It can take several minutes for the temperature to settle in but if you see the TE stuck at 100 simply increase the ...

Страница 9: ...our telescope would drive you crazy taking a single image at a time tweaking the telescope etc Instead we use the Focus command which is like Grab but it takes image after image SBIG ST 402 Operating Manual Page 15 automatically Use the Focus command in the Camera menu and set it up in the Focus Setup dialog as shown below Click OK and the camera will go into Focus mode You ll see image after imag...

Страница 10: ...e Setpoint it will jump back and forth by about 0 5 degrees This is normal The ST 402 regulates the CCD temperature by dithering back and forth across the Setpoint At this point we re ready to hook up to the telescope Focusing a CCD camera at the telescope can be a tedious operation so a few hints should be followed Before using the software to focus the camera the first time you should place a di...

Страница 11: ...rate If you have difficulty finding an object after obtaining good focus check to be sure that the head is seated at best focus then remove the head and insert a medium or low power eyepiece Being careful not to adjust the focus knob on the telescope slide the eyepiece in or out until the image appears in good focus Then visually find and center the object if it is visible to the eye If not use yo...

Страница 12: ...ooming Kodak CCDs like the KAF 0402LE with the antiblooming option can be used to help stop or at least reduce blooming when the brighter parts of the image saturate Astrometry Astrometry is the study of stellar positions with respect to a given coordinate system Autoguider All SBIG CCD cameras have auto guiding or Star Tracker functions This is accomplished by using the telescope drive motors to ...

Страница 13: ...ut Noise Readout noise is associated with errors generated by the actual interrogation and readout of each of the CCD pixels at the end of an exposure This is the result of fixed pattern noise in the CCD residual charge in the readout capacitors and to a small extent the noise from the A D converter and preamplifier Resolution Mode The resolution of a CCD camera is determined by pixel size Pixel s...

Страница 14: ...les Power Jack The Power Jack is used to supply 10 0 14 5 Volts DC at 1 amp to the camera The jack is locking and center positive The mating plug is the locking model Switchcraft S760K with 0 218 inch outer diameter and 0 080 inch inner diameter 5 5 2 0 mm Telescope Jack The Telescope Jack is used to provide tracking signals to the telescope Viewed from outside the camera looking in it has the fol...

Страница 15: ...with a cotton swab or Q tip and a little isopropyl alcohol Use one end of the Q tip to swab it with alcohol and the other to dry it Never re use a Q tip and do not scrub use gentle pressure 7 Replace the front lid 8 If you have a few small dust specs don t worry it is almost impossible to get them all and a flat field will take care of them well 9 Filters are cleaned the same way Replacing the Des...

Страница 16: ... Size 9 x 9 microns Full Well Capacity Non ABG CCDs ABG CCDs 100 000 electrons 50 000 electrons Dark Current 1 e pixel sec at 0 C Shutter Electromechanical Exposure 0 04 to 3600 seconds 10ms resolution A D Converter 16 bit with Correlated Double Sampling Read Noise 17e RMS Binning Modes 1x1 2x2 3x3 Full Frame Download USB 2 USB 1 1 Up to 1 200 000 pixels per second Up to 400 000 pixels per second ...

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