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Measurement Principles

R&S

‑

ZD10/20/30

User Manual 1410.4550.02 ─ 01

●

Specifies the transferable spectrum for other waveforms. E.g. with square
wave signals, the fifth harmonic should still be within the bandwidth for a high
signal integrity.

●

Determines the minimum measurable signal rise time. The rise time t

rise

of the

probe is inversely proportional to its bandwidth. The following approximation
applies:

rise



The

figure 6-3

shows a typical step response of an R&S

‑

ZD10/20/30 differen-

tial probe.

In addition to bandwidth, a constant amplitude frequency response of the probe is
decisive for high signal integrity. The

figure 6-2

shows the typical amplitude fre-

quency response of an R&S

‑

ZD10/20/30 differential probe. All frequency com-

ponents are transferred with the same gain so that the input signal is displayed
without distortion.

Fig. 6-3: Step response of the R&S

‑

ZD10/20/30

Signal Integrity of the Transferred Signal

Содержание 1410.4409.02

Страница 1: ...R S RT ZD10 20 30 Active Differential Probe R S RT ZA15 External Attenuator User Manual User Manual 2 1410 4550 02 01 Test Measurement...

Страница 2: ...Software v 1 Rohde Schwarz would like to thank the open source community for their valuable contribution to embed ded computing 2013 Rohde Schwarz GmbH Co KG M hldorfstr 15 81671 M nchen Germany Phone...

Страница 3: ...y damage You are responsible if the product is used for any purpose other than its designated purpose or in disregard of the manufacturer s instructions The manufacturer shall assume no responsibility...

Страница 4: ...of electric shock Direct current DC Warning Hot surface Alternating current AC Protective conductor terminal Direct alternating current DC AC Ground Device fully protected by double reinforced insula...

Страница 5: ...escribed here are always used only in connection with the related product documentation and the related product The use of signal words in connection with unrelated products or documentation can resul...

Страница 6: ...pply network If a different voltage is to be set the power fuse of the product may have to be changed accordingly 2 In the case of products of safety class I with movable power cord and connector oper...

Страница 7: ...logy equipment e g PCs or other industrial computers comply with the IEC60950 1 EN60950 1 or IEC61010 1 EN 61010 1 standards that apply in each case 11 Unless expressly permitted never remove the cove...

Страница 8: ...damage may occur It is the responsibility of the employer operator to select suitable personnel for operating the products 2 Before you move or transport the product read and observe the section title...

Страница 9: ...nt is intended for use in an industrial environment This equipment may cause radio disturbances in residential environments due to possible conducted as well as radiated disturbances In this case the...

Страница 10: ...teries must not be exposed to any mechanical shocks that are stronger than permitted 5 If a cell develops a leak the fluid must not be allowed to come into contact with the skin or eyes If contact occ...

Страница 11: ...t be collected separately Rohde Schwarz GmbH Co KG has developed a disposal concept and takes full responsibility for take back obligations and disposal obligations for manufacturers within the EU Con...

Страница 12: ...ducto en la forma debida Este producto est destinado exclusivamente al uso en la industria y el laboratorio o si ha sido expresamente autorizado para aplicaciones de campo y de ninguna manera deber se...

Страница 13: ...ambi n aparatos instalaciones as como toda clase de accesorios Los datos espec ficos del producto figuran en la hoja de datos y en la documentaci n del producto Se alizaci n de seguridad de los produc...

Страница 14: ...muerte Indica una situaci n de peligro que si no se evita puede causar lesiones leves o moderadas Indica informaci n que se considera importante pero no en relaci n con situaciones de peligro p ej avi...

Страница 15: ...icies veh culos estantes o mesas que por sus caracter sticas de peso o de estabilidad no sean aptos para l Siga siempre las instrucciones de instalaci n del fabricante cuando instale y asegure el prod...

Страница 16: ...ores o electr nicos no son aptos para el corte de la red el ctrica Si se integran productos sin interruptor en bastidores o instalaciones se deber colocar el interruptor en el nivel de la instalaci n...

Страница 17: ...da p ej a una ca da del rayo mediante los correspondientes sistemas de protecci n Si no el personal que lo utilice quedar expuesto al peligro de choque el ctrico 15 No debe introducirse en los orifici...

Страница 18: ...estornudos continuos enrojecimiento de la conjuntiva o dificultades respiratorias debe avisarse inmediatamente a un m dico para investigar las causas y evitar cualquier molestia o da o a la salud 4 A...

Страница 19: ...ricas en entornos residenciales debido a posibles perturbaciones guiadas o radiadas En este caso se le podr solicitar al operador que tome las medidas adecuadas para eliminar estas perturbaciones Apar...

Страница 20: ...us embalajes originales hasta el momento en que vayan a utilizarse 4 Las celdas o bater as no deben someterse a impactos mec nicos fuertes indebidos 5 En caso de falta de estanqueidad de una celda el...

Страница 21: ...n del medio ambiente 1 Los dispositivos marcados contienen una bater a o un acumulador que no se debe desechar con los residuos dom sticos sin clasificar sino que debe ser recogido por separado La eli...

Страница 22: ...e en cuenta las indicaciones de seguridad del fabricante de dichas sustancias y las normas regionales de eliminaci n de residuos Tenga en cuenta tambi n en caso necesario las indicaciones de seguridad...

Страница 23: ...pplied with the active voltage probe Risk of electric shock Do not connect an active voltage probe to any voltage that exceeds the maximum permissible input voltage specified in the data sheet Non com...

Страница 24: ...roducto Peligro de descarga el ctrica No conecte la sonda de voltaje a ninguna tensi n que supere el valor m ximo indicado en la hoja de datos En caso de incumplimiento se corre el riesgo de una desca...

Страница 25: ...ument up to date and to be informed about new application notes related to your instrument please send an e mail to the Customer Support Center stating your instrument and your wish We will take care...

Страница 26: ...d 10 1 3 2 Probe Box 11 1 4 Accessories and Items 12 1 4 1 Accessories Supplied 13 1 4 2 Optional Accessories 15 1 4 3 Service Accessories 16 2 Putting into Operation 18 2 1 Installation 19 2 1 1 Conn...

Страница 27: ...Input Voltage 44 5 4 Ground Connection 44 6 Measurement Principles 46 6 1 Signal Integrity of the Transferred Signal 48 6 1 1 Bandwidth 48 6 1 2 Connection Inductance 50 6 1 3 CMRR 52 6 2 Signal Loadi...

Страница 28: ...Contents R S RT ZD10 20 30 5 User Manual 1410 4550 02 01 8 2 DC Offset 61 8 3 DC Accuracy 62 8 4 Offset Compensation 63 Index 64...

Страница 29: ...Contents R S RT ZD10 20 30 6 User Manual 1410 4550 02 01...

Страница 30: ...ety of devices under test DUT Provided with special features such as the R S ProbeMeter and the micro button the R S RT ZD10 20 30 is designed to meet tomorrow s challenges in probing The external att...

Страница 31: ...and gain errors throughout the entire temperature range no significant tem perature drift Micro button Rohde Schwarz probe interface 1 1 2 Key Features Micro button The micro button is located at the...

Страница 32: ...at additional calibration procedures are not required 1 2 Unpacking the Instrument The carrying case contains the following items R S RT ZD10 20 30 differential probe Accessory box Accessory vials Use...

Страница 33: ...nnection to the oscilloscope and the probe cable 1 3 1 Probe Head The small and lightweight probe head is designed for easy handling and high per formance measurements The probe head is used for conne...

Страница 34: ...the probe box This approach ensures that it will be possible to oper ate future probes on any base unit that features a Rohde Schwarz probe inter face 1 Rohde Schwarz probe interface with 7 mm 276 mil...

Страница 35: ...2 User Manual 1410 4550 02 01 1 4 Accessories and Items The figure below shows all accessories that are available for the R S RT ZD10 20 30 differential probe RT ZA15 External Attenuator Fig 1 1 Avail...

Страница 36: ...es supplied with the R S RT ZD10 20 30 differential probe Table 1 1 Accessories supplied Item Quantity Description 10 Signal pin solder in 4 Signal pin variable spacing 1 Browser adapter 2 Adapter squ...

Страница 37: ...S RT ZD10 20 30 14 User Manual 1410 4550 02 01 Item Quantity Description 2 Lead 6 cm 2 4 in 1 Lead 15 cm 5 9 in 2 Mini clip 2 Micro clip 1 Marker band kit 1 only with R S RT ZD10 External attenuator...

Страница 38: ...ription Mini clip 10 This set contains mini clips Table 1 3 R S RT ZA5 Micro Clips Item Quantity Description Micro clip 4 This set contains micro clips Table 1 4 R S RT ZA6 Lead Set Item Quantity Desc...

Страница 39: ...Table 1 7 R S RT ZA15 external attenuator optional for R S RT ZD20 30 1 External attenuator 1 Adjustment tool 1 4 3 Service Accessories The following accessories are optionally available for servicing...

Страница 40: ...Table 1 9 R S RT ZD10 20 30 Service Manual The Service Manual contains a detailed description of the performance test for verifying the probe spec ifications All service accessories and items can be...

Страница 41: ...care to prevent the probe from receiving mechanical shock Always handle the probe by the probe head or probe box Avoid putting excessive strain on the probe cable or exposing it to sharp bends Store t...

Страница 42: ...und connection of operational site Heel strap Floor mat Building ground Ground connection of operational site Heel strap Floor mat Wrist strap with cord The following two methods of ESD protection may...

Страница 43: ...R S RTO oscilloscopes Connect the probe box 1 to the Rohde Schwarz probe interface of the base unit 2 The probe will snap in when connected properly to the port To disconnect press the release button...

Страница 44: ...ion of the zero error displayed on the oscilloscope s screen The waveform is set to 0 V on the horizontal centerline of the oscilloscope To perform the AutoZero function using the micro button see als...

Страница 45: ...al offset compensation and a common mode offset compensation Each function compensates a particular DC component of the input signal even in front of the active amplifier in the probe tip For a defini...

Страница 46: ...ob To set the differential offset compensation using the probe menu 1 On the Vertical menu select Probe Setup 2 Select the channel and tap Offset For more details on setting the offset compensation re...

Страница 47: ...200 000 It can compensate a common DC voltage applied to both input sockets referenced to the ground socket This is particularly helpful for measurements on differential signals with high common mode...

Страница 48: ...ated voltmeter can measure DC voltages with very high precision com pared to the oscilloscope s DC accuracy The DC measurement is performed continuously and in parallel to the time domain measurement...

Страница 49: ...de DC voltages without reconnecting the probe Independent of oscilloscope settings for offset position vertical scale hori zontal scale and trigger True DC measurement integration time 100 ms not math...

Страница 50: ...of R S RT ZA15 external attenuator and R S RT ZD10 20 30 differential probe has the following key characteristics Attenuation 100 1 Bandwidth DC to 1 0 GHz with R S RT ZD10 DC to 1 5 GHz with R S RT Z...

Страница 51: ...tip and the same sig nal and ground sockets as the R S RT ZD10 20 30 probe head All accessories for the probe can be used with the external attenuator 3 3 Inserting the Probe To insert the probe in th...

Страница 52: ...Probe Setup Ch tab Attenuator RT ZA15 When you use the probe together with the external attenuator hold them at the gripping section of the external attenuator to ensure optimal mechanical stability...

Страница 53: ...i output of the DC voltage source The ground socket is connected to the Lo output of the DC voltage source Connect the probe to CH1 of the R S RTO oscilloscope Plug the BNC to 4 mm dual banana adapter...

Страница 54: ...etup Source Ch1 Main Measurement Mean State On Vertical menu Probe Setup Ch tab Attenuator RT ZA15 Vertical menu Channels Ch1 Offset 0 V Position 0 div Adjustment Set the voltage of the DC voltage sou...

Страница 55: ...robe Setup Ch tab Attenuator RT ZA15 Using the lead and a mini clip connect the negative input of the exter nal attenuator to the ground clamp of the R S RTO oscilloscope Press the positive input of t...

Страница 56: ...f the negative input Using the lead connect the positive input of the external attenuator to the ground clamp of the R S RTO oscilloscope Press the negative input directly to the square wave signal cl...

Страница 57: ...onal injury and to prevent damage to the probe or any other products connected to it observe the following instruc tions The maximum input voltage for DC signals is 70 V between each sig nal socket an...

Страница 58: ...ies The included probe pins are exceptionally sharp and must be handled with extreme care To prevent injuries always use tweezers when inserting or removing pins Some solder in accessories are very fi...

Страница 59: ...h small contact points such as SMT components or IC pins The wires have an additional insulating finish in order to prevent unwanted shorts There is no need to strip the wires because the finish disso...

Страница 60: ...e range 2 54 mm 100 mil Browser adapter The spring loaded browser adapter allows handheld probing with maximum convenience Because it compensates for minor uneven ness and movements it is capable of e...

Страница 61: ...6 in and 10 cm 3 9 in Distance range 0 mm to 12 mm 0 mil to 470 mil Do not use the flex adapter at voltages beyond 30 V Flex adapter square pin The flex adapter is used for plugging the probe onto pi...

Страница 62: ...d can be used to connect either the signal sockets or the ground socket In addition it allows micro and mini clips to be connected to the probe Length Short lead 6 mm 236 mil Long lead 15 mm 591 mil M...

Страница 63: ...S RT ZD10 20 30 40 User Manual 1410 4550 02 01 Micro clip The micro clip is designed for probing IC pins and thin wires in fine pitch applications The micro clip fits directly into the signal socket...

Страница 64: ...tween the positive and negative signal sockets Positive single ended input voltage Vp Voltage between the positive signal socket and the ground socket Negative single ended input voltage Vn Voltage be...

Страница 65: ...t depends only on the differential input voltage Vin between positive and negative input and suppresses the com mon mode voltages This is equivalent to an infinite common mode rejection ratio CMRR In...

Страница 66: ...mic range or differential mode range designates the maximum differential voltage Vin that may occur between the positive and negative sig nal pin At the same time the two voltage values at each of the...

Страница 67: ...mmon mode voltages 5 3 Maximum Non Destructive Input Voltage The maximum non destructive input voltage of a differential probe is also speci fied as the maximum voltage between each signal pin and gro...

Страница 68: ...01 age window of the probe being exceeded In this case the probe ground should be connected to the DUT ground The ground connection can also affect the CMRR of the probe Problems with unwanted common...

Страница 69: ...requirement is mainly determined by its band width and CMRR Low loading of the input signal Every probe is a load for the signal to be measured This means that the sig nal to be measured changes as so...

Страница 70: ...e test point without probe connected Vin Differential voltage at the test point with probe connected corre sponds to the input voltage of the probe RS Differential source resistance of the DUT RL Diff...

Страница 71: ...f a probe is one of its specific parameters The bandwidth of the probe and the bandwidth of the base unit together form the system band width The following explanations refer to the probe itself but c...

Страница 72: ...The following approximation applies BW trise 4 0 The figure 6 3 shows a typical step response of an R S RT ZD10 20 30 differen tial probe In addition to bandwidth a constant amplitude frequency respon...

Страница 73: ...ssible short lead length in order to maintain high signal integrity con in con resonance con L BW C L f A L 1 to al proportion 2 1 to al proportion Fig 6 4 Ground connection and connection inductance...

Страница 74: ...e of connection Connection inductance L con Typ bandwidth and rise time RT ZD30 Step response Very short signal pins solder in variable spacing 4 nH 3 2 GHz 110 ps Short browser adapters adapters squa...

Страница 75: ...RR To achieve the best possible CMRR the connection to the DUT should always be as symmetrical as possible Fig 6 5 Typical CMRR of the R S RT ZD10 20 30 probe as a function of frequency 6 2 Signal Loa...

Страница 76: ...function of frequency The differential input impedance varies greatly versus the frequency and is defined by the following values Differential input resistance Rdm 2 R1 Differential input capacitance...

Страница 77: ...ce RRF The RF resistance RRF determines the minimum input impedance and thus the maximum loading at very high frequencies above 1 0 GHz Thus the measure ment result depends on the source impedance of...

Страница 78: ...as an example the DC input resist ance for several input signals Table 6 3 DC Input Resistance for Various Input Signals Type of input signal Differential Single ended Common mode Input Resistance 1 M...

Страница 79: ...mathematically convert the two measurement results into each other but only by performing a complex transfor mation to and from the frequency domain Probe manufacturers will use one or the other of t...

Страница 80: ...ohde Schwarz service center for diagnosis and exchange You can return the R S RT ZD10 20 30 differential probe for calibration The ser vice personnel will perform the required tests 7 2 Returning the...

Страница 81: ...g agents Cleaning agents contain substances that may damage the instrument for example solvent may damage the labeling or plastic parts Never use cleaning agents such as solvents thinners acetone etc...

Страница 82: ...run an inde pendent performance test This test is described in detail in the R S RT ZD10 20 30 service manual The performance test also requires the R S RT ZK2 service kit All base unit settings desc...

Страница 83: ...RTO oscilloscope must be carried out Proceed as follows Test setup R S RTO oscilloscope R S RTO settings PRESET File menu Selfalignment Control tab Start Alignment Measurement After a successful self...

Страница 84: ...tical scale 10 mV div Trigger source Ch1 Trigger mode Auto Run cont ACQUISITION key Decimation High res Waveform Arithmet ics Average Average Count 16 Meas menu Setup Source Ch1 Main Measurement Mean...

Страница 85: ...nto the banana leads on the DMM ensure that BNC shield is connected to LO Signal and ground terminal of the probe connected by mini clips to the BNC to 4 mm dual banana adapter make sure that probe gr...

Страница 86: ...igger source Ch1 Trigger mode Auto Run cont ACQUISITION key Decimation High res Waveform Arithmet ics Average Average Count 16 Meas menu Setup Source Ch1 Main Measurement Mean State on CH1 key Offset...

Страница 87: ...ional check 59 DC accuracy 62 DC offset 61 Initialization 60 Offset compensation 63 Self alignment 60 Test equipment 59 G Ground connection 44 I Inductance 50 Initialization check 60 Input capacitance...

Страница 88: ...4550 02 01 Step response 49 T Test equipment for functional check 59 U Unpacking 9 Using accessories Adapter 37 Browser adapter 37 Ground adapter square pin 38 Ground pin solderable offset 38 Leads 3...

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