Piper PA-28-236 DAKOTA, Руководство по эксплуатации для пилотов

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PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION SECTION 6
PA-28-236, DAKOTA WEIGHT AND BALANCE
ISSUED: JUNE 1, 1978 REPORT: VB-910
6-1
REVISED: JULY 13, 1984
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
6.1 GENERAL
In order to achieve the performance and flying characteristics which
are designed into the airplane, it must be flown with the weight and center
of gravity (C.G.) position within the approved operating range (envelope).
Although the airplane offers a flexibility of loading, it cannot be flown with
the maximum number of adult passengers, full fuel tanks and maximum
baggage. With the flexibility comes responsibility. The pilot must insure
that the airplane is loaded within the loading envelope before he makes a
takeoff.
Misloading carries consequences for any aircraft. An overloaded airplane
will not take off, climb or cruise as well as a properly loaded one. The heavier
the airplane is loaded, the less climb performance it will have.
Center of gravity is a determining factor in flight characteristics. If the C.G.
is too far forward in any airplane, it may be difficult to rotate for takeoff or
landing. If the C.G. is too far aft, the airplane may rotate prematurely on takeoff
or tend to pitch up during climb. Longitudinal stability will be reduced. This
can lead to inadvertent stalls and even spins; and spin recovery becomes more
difficult as the center of gravity moves aft of the approved limit.
A properly loaded airplane, however, will perform as intended. Thise
airplane is designed to provide performance within the flight envelope. Before
the airplane is licensed, it is weighed, and a basic empty weight and C.G.
location is computed (basic empty weight consists of the standard empty
weight of the airplane plus the optional equipment). Using the basic empty
weight and C.G. location, the pilot can determine the weight and C.G. position
for the loaded airplane by computing the total weight and moment and then
determining whether they are within the approved envelope.