Pasco Scientific ME-9429A, Инструкция по эксплуатации и руководство по экспериментам

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15
012-05035E Dynamics Cart Accessory Track Set
Experiment 4: Oscillations on an Incline
EQUIPMENT NEEDED:
– Dynamics Cart with Mass (ME-9430) – Dynamics Cart Track with End stop
– Spring and Pivot clamp
– Base and Support rod (ME-9355) – Mass hanger and mass set (ME-934 8)
– Mass balance – Stopwatch
Purpose
The purpose is to measure the period of oscillation of a spring and mass system on an incline at
different angles and compare it to the theoretical value.
Theory
For a mass attached to a spring, the theoretical period of oscillation is given by
T = 2 π
m
k
where T is the time for one complete back-and-forth motion, m is the mass that is oscillating, and
k is the spring constant.
According to Hooke’s Law, the force exerted by the spring is proportional to the distance the
spring is compressed or stretched,
F = kx , where k is the proportionality constant. The spring
constant can be experimentally determined by applying different forces to stretch the spring
different distances. When the force is plotted versus distance, the slope of the resulting straight
line is equal to
k .
Procedure
Measurements to Find the Theoretical Period
➀
Use the balance to find the mass of the cart. Record this value at the top of Table 4.1.
➁
Set the cart on the track and attach a spring to one end of the cart by inserting the end of
the spring in the hole provided in the cart. Then attach the other end of the spring to the
end of the track (See Figure 4.1).
➂
Incline the track by raising the end of the track that has the spring attached. As the
end of the track is raised the spring will stretch. Keep the angle of inclination
of the track small enough so the spring is not stretched more than half
the length of the track. Measure this angle and record it at the
top of Table 4.1.
➃
Record the equilibrium position in Table 4.1.
➄
Add mass to the cart and record the new position.
Repeat this for a total of 5 different masses, being
careful not to over-stretch the spring.
Figure 4.1 Equipment Setup
θ
Fixed
End Stop
Angle of
inclination