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Chapter 4

Synchronization

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National Instruments Corporation

4-5

NI PXI-6682 Series User Manual

increased latency and indeterminate performance from the onboard
buffers. Synchronization performance across switches can be in the
tens of microseconds. If a switch must be used, obtain a 1588 boundary
clock or transparent switch to achieve the best performance. These
devices allow traffic to cross Ethernet collision domains without the
inherent loss in performance from a switch.

•

Ensure that the network is running at 100 Mbps by noting the Speed
LED status. Synchronization performance is degraded when running at
10 Mbps.

Note

If it is impossible to use a 100 Mbps network and you must run IEEE 1588

synchronization using a 10 Mbps network, ensure the network interface of the
NI PXI-6682 Series is explicitly configured for 10 Mbps Full Duplex operation using the
Windows configuration panels.

GPS Synchronization Best Practices

The embedded GPS receiver in the NI PXI-6682 Series requires signals
from several satellites to be able to compute precise timing and location.
The more satellites available to the receiver, the more precisely it can
determine time and location. Therefore, the location of the antenna should
be such that it will receive signals from the greatest number of satellites
possible. As the number of satellites visible to the antenna decreases, the
synchronization performance may also decrease. The antenna location
should be chosen so that the antenna has a

clear view of the sky

. There is no

strict definition for

clear view of the sky

, but a suitable guideline is that the

GPS antenna should have a straight line of sight to the sky in all directions
(360

°

) down to an imaginary line making a 30

°

angle with the ground.

Locations far from trees and tall buildings which could reflect GPS satellite
signals are best.

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Содержание NI PXI-6682

Страница 1: ...PXI NI PXI 6682 Series User Manual NI PXI 6682 and NI PXI 6682H Timing and Synchronization Modules for PXI NI PXI 6682 Series User Manual March 2009 372292B 01...

Страница 2: ...banon 961 0 1 33 28 28 Malaysia 1800 887710 Mexico 01 800 010 0793 Netherlands 31 0 348 433 466 New Zealand 0800 553 322 Norway 47 0 66 90 76 60 Poland 48 22 328 90 10 Portugal 351 210 311 210 Russia...

Страница 3: ...ecording storing in an information retrieval system or translating in whole or in part without the prior written consent of National Instruments Corporation National Instruments respects the intellect...

Страница 4: ...tware 2 1 Installing the Hardware 2 1 Configuring the Module 2 2 Chapter 3 Hardware Overview NI PXI 6682 Series Front Panel 3 3 GPS LED 3 4 1588 LED 3 4 Speed LED 3 5 ACT LINK LED 3 5 Connectors 3 5 H...

Страница 5: ...uting 3 16 Synchronous Routing 3 18 Chapter 4 Synchronization GPS 4 1 IRIG B 4 1 IEEE 1588 4 3 PPS 4 3 Synchronization Best Practices 4 3 Operating Environment 4 4 Timing System Performance 4 4 IEEE 1...

Страница 6: ...note which alerts you to important information This icon denotes a caution which advises you of precautions to take to avoid injury data loss or a system crash When this symbol is marked on the produ...

Страница 7: ...ation contains detailed information about the measurement hardware that plugs into or is connected to the computer Use this documentation for hardware installation and configuration instructions speci...

Страница 8: ...in a PXI system What You Need to Get Started To set up and use the NI PXI 6682 Series you need the following items NI PXI 6682 Series Timing and Triggering Module NI PXI 6682 Series User Manual NI Syn...

Страница 9: ...ears damaged in any way Do not install a damaged module into the computer Store the NI PXI 6682 Series in the antistatic envelope when not in use Software Programming Choices The NI PXI 6682 Series us...

Страница 10: ...nonmetallic brush The product must be completely dry and free from contaminants before you return it to service Operate the product only at or below Pollution Degree 2 Pollution is foreign matter in...

Страница 11: ...such as that provided by a standard wall outlet for example 115 V for U S or 230 V for Europe Examples of Installation Category II are measurements performed on household appliances portable tools and...

Страница 12: ...and unplug the chassis Caution Do not install the NI PXI 6682 Series module in the system controller slot slot 1 of a chassis 2 Choose an available slot in the chassis NI PXI 6682 Install the NI PXI 6...

Страница 13: ...jector ejector handle to fully insert the module into the chassis 7 Screw the front panel of the module to the front panel mounting rail of the chassis 8 Visually verify the installation Make sure the...

Страница 14: ...l 3 Hardware Overview This chapter presents an overview of the hardware functions of the NI PXI 6682 Series shown in Figure 3 1 Figure 3 1 Isometric View of the NI PXI 6682 Series 1 NI PXI 6682 2 NI P...

Страница 15: ...n as PXI_STAR 0 12 in Figure 3 2 The NI PXI 6682H does not have the CLKIN circuitry or the ability to drive PXI_CLK10_IN Synchronization Clock Generation and Routing Circuitry PCI Interface PXI PCI PX...

Страница 16: ...6682 Front Panel Note The NI PXI 6682H does not have the CLKIN connector shown as item 5 in Figure 3 3 1 GPS LED 2 1588 LED 3 GPS Antenna Connector 4 CLKOUT Connector 5 CLKIN Connector 6 PFI0 IRIG B...

Страница 17: ...scription Color Status Off Not using GPS Amber Attempting to start self survey Blinking Amber Self survey in progress Blinking Green Self survey complete normal operation Red Error The GPS LED is turn...

Страница 18: ...describes the connectors on the front panel of the NI PXI 6682 Series Refer to Figure 3 3 for the location of the connectors GPS ANT GPS antenna RF input and DC power output for active GPS antenna Thi...

Страница 19: ...r both Always ensure the line is configured for IRIG B AM operation before connecting an IRIG B AM signal RJ 45 Ethernet 10 100 Mbit Ethernet connection This connector allows the module to communicate...

Страница 20: ...6682H In CLKIN is a signal connected to the SMB input pin of the same name CLKIN can be routed to PXI_CLK10_IN CLKOUT Out CLKOUT is the signal on the SMB output pin of the same name Either the TCXO c...

Страница 21: ...MHz TCXO The frequency accuracy and stability of this clock is greater than the frequency accuracy and stability of the native 10 MHz PXI backplane clock PXI_CLK10 The main source of error in most fre...

Страница 22: ...ng time of a clock generated in this way Refer to Table 3 6 for a list of destinations for synchronized time clocks and future time events Routing Signals The NI PXI 6682 Series has versatile trigger...

Страница 23: ...chronous routing operations must also define a third signal known as the synchronization clock Refer to the Choosing the Type of Routing section for more information on synchronous versus asynchronous...

Страница 24: ...y The Ethernet port also allows for full duplex operation so traffic can be sent and received at the same time Table 3 6 Sources and Destinations for NI PXI 6682 Series Signal Routing Operations Desti...

Страница 25: ...ured as an output can be independently selected from one of the following options Another PFI 0 2 PXI_TRIG 0 7 PXI_STAR 0 12 NI PXI 6682 only Future time events PXI_CLK10 Ground The PFI trigger output...

Страница 26: ...e guidelines Whenever timestamping begins on PFI0 either ensure the input will remain at a logic low state for at least 5 ms or disregard timestamps for at least 5 ms When setting up PFI0 as an output...

Страница 27: ...starting with slot 3 and up to slot 15 The propagation delay between Slot 2 and each destination slot is matched to within 1ns to achieve low skew triggering PXI_CLK10 is a high quality 10 MHz clock...

Страница 28: ...problem for many applications However if your application requires tighter synchronization use the PXI_STAR triggers see next section or use the PXI trigger bus synchronous to PXI_CLK10 The multi drop...

Страница 29: ...put can be independently selected from one of the following options PFI 0 2 low skew PXI_TRIG 0 7 Another PXI star trigger line PXI_STAR 0 12 Synchronized time event PXI_CLK10 Ground The PXI star trig...

Страница 30: ...d by the following reasons Output delay on the source Propagation delay of the signal across the backplane s and cable s Propagation delay of the signal through the NI PXI 6682 Series Time for the rec...

Страница 31: ...lock Synchronous routing can send triggers to several places in the same clock cycle or send the trigger to those same places after a deterministic skew of a known number of clock cycles If a signal a...

Страница 32: ...n PFI 0 2 Any PXI star trigger line PXI_STAR 0 12 NI PXI 6682 only Any PXI Trigger line PXI_TRIG 0 7 In the NI PXI 6682 Series the synchronization clock for synchronous routes is always PXI_CLK10 Note...

Страница 33: ...contain timing information This makes the GPS system a precise timing and synchronization source The NI PXI 6682 Series has a GPS receiver which powers an active GPS antenna and receives and processes...

Страница 34: ...0 when the PFI line is configured for digital operations This could cause damage to the digital circuitry the device driving the AM signal or both Always ensure the line is configured for IRIG B AM op...

Страница 35: ...on Any PFI PXI_Trigger or PXI_Star line can be configured as the PPS input terminal When synchronizing based on a PPS the first pulse received will set the NI PXI 6682 Series internal timebase to eith...

Страница 36: ...ou can then use this signal to analyze system performance by connecting two or more pulse per second signals to an oscilloscope and measuring the latency between them Adjustments can be made to accoun...

Страница 37: ...ed for 10 Mbps Full Duplex operation using the Windows configuration panels GPS Synchronization Best Practices The embedded GPS receiver in the NI PXI 6682 Series requires signals from several satelli...

Страница 38: ...e Input impedance 50 nominal Input coupling AC Voltage range 400 mVp p to 5 Vp p Absolute maximum input voltage1 6 Vp p max CLKIN to PXI_CLK10_IN delay 13 ns typical 1 0 ns max Load Square Wave Open L...

Страница 39: ...6 V typical for 50 load 2 4 V min 3 3 V typical for 1 M load Output low 0 3 V max 0 V typical for 50 load 0 7 V max 0 V typical for 1 M load Absolute maximum applied voltage2 0 to 5 V Output to output...

Страница 40: ...low 0 8 V Asynchronous delay tpd PFI 0 2 to PXI_TRIG 0 7 output 20 to 31 ns typical PFI 0 2 to PXI_STAR 0 12 output3 10 ns typical Synchronized trigger input setup time tsetup 19 ns typical relative t...

Страница 41: ...ade regarding the received IRIG B signal All conditions must be met for the NI PXI 6682 Series to be able to synchronize accurately Seconds begin every minute at 0 increment to 59 and then roll over t...

Страница 42: ...7 output skew at NI PXI 6682 backplane connector 5 ns typical Asynchronous delay tpd PXI_TRIG 0 7 to PFI 0 2 output 18 to 34 ns typical Timestamping and Time Synchronized Clock Generation Time sychron...

Страница 43: ...ocity 0 06 m s Trimble Bullet III Gain at 1575 42 MHz 35 dB 3 dB Current requirement 5 V 30 mA maximum VSWR 2 0 maximum Polarization Right hand circular polarization RHCP Signal strength required at P...

Страница 44: ...5 g NI PXI 6682H 220 g Front panel connectors NI PXI 6682 Six SMB male 50 one standard RJ 45 Ethernet connector NI PXI 6682H Five SMB male 50 one standard RJ 45 Ethernet connector Front panel indicato...

Страница 45: ...ynchronization was performed for 15 minutes before testing began All test durations were 12 hours 2 For the GPS test two PXI 6682 Series boards were independently synchronizing to GPS and configured t...

Страница 46: ...rdance with IEC 60068 2 56 Maximum altitude 2 000 m at 25 C ambient temperature Pollution Degree 2 Indoor use only Storage Environment Ambient temperature range 20 to 70 C Tested in accordance with IE...

Страница 47: ...0 1 UL 61010 1 CSA 61010 1 Note For UL and other safety certifications refer to the product label or the Online Product Certification section Electromagnetic Compatibility This product is designed to...

Страница 48: ...products in an environmentally responsible manner NI recognizes that eliminating certain hazardous substances from our products is beneficial not only to the environment but also to NI customers For...

Страница 49: ...escribed in the table above each of those is subdivided further depending on the electrical characteristics of the signal used to transmit the data and the actual data Table B 1 IRIG Standard Definiti...

Страница 50: ...e must keep the signal at mark for 50 of the bit duration and at space for the remaining 50 to transmit a position identifier the source must keep the signal at mark for 80 of the bit duration and at...

Страница 51: ...t has a 10 3 mark space amplitude ratio the range of allowable mark to space ratios is 3 1 to 6 1 The source must phase align the generated sine wave such that the leading edges of bits are coincident...

Страница 52: ...1 4 Units of seconds 6 8 Tens of seconds 9 Position identifier P1 10 13 Units of minutes 15 17 Tens of minutes 19 Position identifier P2 20 23 Units of hours 25 26 Tens of hours 29 Position identifie...

Страница 53: ...ry hour at 0 increment to 59 and then roll over to 0 Hours begin every day at 0 increment to 23 and then roll over to 0 Days begin every year at 1 Days increment to 365 in non leap years or to 366 in...

Страница 54: ...ard Service Program Membership This program entitles members to direct access to NI Applications Engineers via phone and email for one to one technical support as well as exclusive access to on demand...

Страница 55: ...oduct by visiting ni com certification Calibration Certificate If your product supports calibration you can obtain the calibration certificate for your product at ni com calibration If you searched ni...

Страница 56: ...10 9 micro 10 6 m milli 10 3 k kilo 103 M mega 106 Symbols percent plus or minus positive of or plus negative of or minus per degree ohm A AC alternating current ADE application development environme...

Страница 57: ...o can serve as PXI_CLK10_IN CLKOUT CLKOUT is the signal on the SMB output pin of the same name PXI_CLK10 can be routed to CLKOUT clock hardware component that controls timing for reading from or writi...

Страница 58: ...ces plugged into a computer and possibly generating control signals with D A and or DIO devices in the same computer DC direct current E ESD electrostatic discharge F frequency the basic unit of rate...

Страница 59: ...d used to transmit precise timing information J jitter the rapid variation of a clock or sampling frequency from an ideal constant frequency L LabVIEW a graphical programming language LED light emitti...

Страница 60: ...mable Function Interface PPS Pulse Per Second precision the measure of the stability of an instrument and its capability to give the same measurement over and over again for the same input signal prop...

Страница 61: ...d by another computer slot the place in the computer or chassis in which a card or module can be installed Slot 2 the second slot in a PXI system which can house a master timing unit SMB sub miniature...

Страница 62: ...clock and event generation overview 3 8 clock generation PXI_CLK10 and TCXO 3 8 color Link LED color explanation table 3 5 Speed LED color explanation table 3 5 configuring the device overview 2 2 Sp...

Страница 63: ...ware 1588 LED overview 3 4 ACT LINK LED overview 3 5 block diagram 3 2 configuring 2 2 connector descriptions 3 5 GPS LED overview 3 4 installing 2 1 overview 3 6 Speed LED overview 3 5 synchronizatio...

Страница 64: ..._CLK10 clock generation 3 8 PXI_CLK10_IN routing from the CLKIN connector 3 6 signal description table 3 7 PXI_CLK10_OUT signal description table 3 7 routing to the CLKOUT connector 3 5 PXI_STAR 0 12...

Страница 65: ...lanation table 3 5 overview 3 5 star triggers See PXI_STAR 0 12 support technical C 1 synchronization accuracy A 8 best practices 4 3 GPS 4 5 IEEE 1588 4 4 network topology 4 4 GPS 4 1 IEEE 1588 4 3 I...

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