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© 2016 Skier’s Choice, Inc.
Consult your national boating law enforcement agency.
VISUAL DISTRESS SIGNALS
U.S. Coast Guard regulations require boats in coastal waters and
the Great Lakes to carry visual distress signals for day or night
use, as appropriate for the time of operation. Exempt from the
day signals requirement, but not night signals, are boats less
than 4.8 meters (16 feet), open sailboats less than 7.9 meters (26
feet), boats participating in organized events, and manually
propelled boats.
• If you are required to have visual distress signals, at least
three safety-approved pyrotechnic devices in serviceable
condition must be readily accessible. They must be marked
with a date showing the service life, which must not be
expired.
• Carry three signals for day use and three signals for night use.
Some pyrotechnic signals, such as red flares, meet both day
and night use requirements.
• Store pyrotechnic signals in a cool, dry location. An orange
or red watertight container prominently marked “Distress
Signals” is recommended.
Other recognized visual distress signals include:
• Flames in a bucket
• Code flags November and Charlie
• Square flag and ball
• Black square and ball on orange background flag
• Orange flag (certified)
• Electric distress light (certified) - for night use only.
• Dye marker (any color)
• Person waving arms
• U.S. ensign flown upside down
Audible Distress Signals
U.S. Coast Guard regulations require one hand, mouth or power-
operated whistle or horn, audible for at least a half mile.
Other recognized audible distress signals include:
• Radio communication (see Emergency Procedures - Radio
Procedures - Radio Communication)
• Radiotelegraph alarm
• Position indicating radio beacon
• Morse Code SOS (3 short, 3 long, 3 short) sounded by any
means
• Fog horn sounded continuously
CARBON MONOXIDE
Carbon monoxide is an odorless, colorless, extremely toxic gas.
Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning are dizziness, ears
ringing, headaches, nausea and unconsciousness. A poisoning
victim’s skin often turns cherry red.
Have the victim breathe fresh air deeply. If breathing stops,
resuscitate. A victim often revives, then relapses because organs
are damaged by lack of oxygen. Seek immediate medical
attention.
PROPULSION, CONTROL OR STEERING FAILURE
• Shut off engine.
• Put out an anchor to prevent drifting.
• Determine if you can fix the problem yourself. See engine
operator’s manual if engine is flooded.
• Signal for help.
RADIO COMMUNICATION
Radio is the boat operator’s main method of receiving safety
information and summoning aid. VHF-FM radio is the primary
means of short-range communication. Single sideband radio
(SSB) is used for longer range communication.
VHF-FM Channel 16 and SSB 2182 kHz are designated for
emergency use. Such situations can be categorized as:
• Emergency - “MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY” - Used when a
life or vessel is in imminent danger.
• Urgency - “PAN-PAN,PAN-PAN, PAN-PAN”(pronounced PAHN-
PAHN) - Used when a person or vessel is in some jeopardy
less than indicated by a Mayday call.
• Safety - “SECURITY, SECURITY, SECURITY” (pronounced
SAY-CURE-IT-TAY) - Used for navigational safety or
weather warning.
An emergency situation will be hectic and there will not be time
to learn proper radio procedure. LEARN WHAT TO DO BEFORE
YOU NEED TO DO IT.
If you hear a distress call, stop all radio transmissions. If you
can directly assist, respond on the emergency frequency. If
you cannot assist, do not transmit on that frequency. However,
continue to monitor until it is obvious that help is being
provided.