- 142 -
LGMC
680K : 51K - 2.5V (Ver_C,D,E)
Approved
2
A
D
LG(42)-A-5505-10:01
680K : 240K - 2.0V (Ver_H)
F
B
3
6
DRAWING
8
680K : 330K - 1.8V (Ver_I, J, K)
680K : 680 - 1.3V (Ver 1.0, 1.1)
Section
470K : 680K - 1.15V (Ver_1.2)
Sheet/
MODEL
C
6
D
Date
NAME
9
DRAWING
F
4
PCB_Rev_ADC
1%
A
C
15
16
C
E
5
Rev_1.2
1
D
E
7
B
3
Checked
Sign & Name
13
E
D
C
F
2
KIM.D.K
LG Electronics Inc.
Close to MSM
9
11
Designer
4
Close to MSM
< USB 48M CLK >
8
680K : 150K - 2.2V (Ver_F,G)
12
Close to MSM
7
2007.01.24
L602i
2/6
MSM6250A
1%
14
Sheets
680K : 10K - 2.6V (Ver-B)
LG Electronics Inc.
E
10
5
1
NO.
C243
0.01u
C246
NA
33p
C247
FB301
C227
1000p
C238
0.1u
C230
0.1u
0.01u
C206
C231
0.1u
C213
C240
2200p
0.01u
1000p
C216
C245
W8
NC
0.1u
NC
U25
GND
V19
GND
V23
GND
V26
VDD_A
W16
NC
W19
GND
W23
VDD_A
W25
NC
T16
VDD_A
T19
VDD_A
T21
GND
T25
VDD_C
T26
VDD_P1
U1
VDD_A
U19
VDD_P1
U2
R15
NC
NC
R16
GND
R2
VDD_P3
R25
VDD_P3
R26
T11
NC
NC
T12
T15
NC
GND
P23
VDD_A
P25
GND
P4
GND
R1
R11
NC
NC
R12
R13
NC
NC
R14
NC
N13
N14
NC
NC
N15
VDD_C
N4
P12
NC
NC
P13
P14
NC
NC
P15
M13
NC
M14
NC
NC
M15
NC
M16
VDD_P1
M2
GND
M25
GND
M26
N12
NC
VDD_P3
K26
NC
L11
L12
NC
NC
L15
NC
L16
VDD_P1
M1
M11
NC
NC
M12
NC
F6
GND
G25
H19
NC
NC
H8
GND
K1
K10
NC
GND
K2
VDD_P3
K25
GND
E2
VDD_P1
F1
DAC_REF
F13
GND
F17
VDD_P1
F2
F21
NC
VDD_C
F25
VDD_C
F26
C25
NC
VDD_DAC
D13
GND
D14
VDD_PLL
D17
VDD_C
D19
VDD_C
D2
NC
D23
D4
NC
NC
B24
B25
NC
NC
B26
NC
B3
VDD_C
B5
GND
B6
VDD_C
B9
NC
C2
GND
B10
VDD_P3
B12
GND
B15
VDD_P3
B17
GND
B18
B2
NC
GND
B20
GND
B21
VDD_P2
AF12
GND
AF15
AF2
NC
GND
AF23
NC
AF25
AF26
NC
VDD_P2
AF6
NC
B1
NC
AE21
AE24
NC
NC
AE25
AE26
NC
NC
AE3
VDD_P2
AE6
NC
AF1
GND
AF10
NC
AE1
GND
AE10
VDD_P2
AE12
GND
AE14
GND
AE15
NC
AE17
GND
AE18
AE2
NC
VDD_C
AC14
VDD_A
AC16
GND
AC2
GND_RET
AC22
AC23
NC
NC
AC4
AD2
NC
AD25
NC
GND
AA16
GND
AA2
VDD_A
AA20
AA21
NC
NC
AA25
NC
AA6
VDD_C
AB2
GND
AB26
A2
NC
GND
A21
NC
A25
A26
NC
VDD_P4
A3
GND
A6
GND
A9
GND
AA1
A1
NC
A10
GND
VDD_P3
A12
GND
A15
VDD_P3
A17
0.01u
U201-2
MSM6250A_3_B
C211
22n
C205
C242
0.1u
R214
2K
R212
51K
180K
R208
C239
0.1u
C207
1000p
0.01u
C233
TP201
C226
0.01u
0.1u
C208
C224
0.1uF
180K
R203
2.2K
R219
2.2K
R220
C222
TP202
0.015u
C229
0.01u
R200
470K
R210
100K
1000p
C217
R205
10K
0.1uF
C223
C204
10u
C202
0.015u
1K
R213
1000p
C221
0.1u
C232
R1052
100K
C237
0.01u
0.01u
C212
470K
R206
10u
C203
1000p
C215
1000p
C220
R217
51K
C228
0.1u
Y25
Q_IP_CH0
Y26
XMEM1_CS_N[2]_SDRAM1_CS_N[0]
Y4
Y6
SDRAM1_CS_N[1]_XMEM1_CS_N[3]_GPIO[77]
TP200
W26
SDRAM1_D[23]
W4
XMEM1_CS_N[0]
W6
EBI2_DATA[9]
W9
SDRAM1_D[20]
Y1
SDRAM1_D[21]
Y2
HKADC[2]
Y21
MODE[0]
Y23
Q_IM_CH0
W12
EBI2_ADD[15]
W13
NAND2_CS_N_XMEM2_CS_N[0]
W14
HPH_R
W15
HPH_L
W17
MICOUTN
W18
SDRAM1_D[19]
W2
I_IP_CH0
W21
I_IP_CH1(Reserved)
V21
I_IM_CH1(Reserved)
V25
SDRAM1_D[17]
V4
SDRAM1_D[22]
V6
GPIO[75]_SDRAM1_DQM[3]
V8
SDRAM1_D[18]
W1
EBI2_ADD[1]
W10
W11
EBI2_ADD[6]
EBI2_ADD[9]
Q_IM_CH1(Reserved)
U21
Q_IP_CH1(Reserved)
U23
MODE[2]
U26
GPIO[78]_SDRAM1_DQM[2]
U4
SDRAM1_D[16]
U6
WE1_N_SDRAM1_WE_N
U8
GPIO[79]_SDRAM1_A[0]
V1
OE1_N_SDRAM1_CLK_EN2
V2
I_IM_CH0
T1
EBI2_ADD[14]
T13
LCD2_EN_GPIO[37]
T14
SDRAM1_D[27]
T2
ANT_SEL1_N_GPIO[10]
T23
SDRAM1_D[29]
T4
SDRAM1_D[30]
T6
SDRAM1_D[31]
T8
P6
SDRAM_ADD[13]
P8
ANT_SEL0_N_GPIO[9]
R19
KEYSENSE_N[4]_GPIO[48]
R21
KEYSENSE_N[3]_GPIO[47]
R23
SDRAM1_D[24]
R4
SDRAM1_D[25]
R6
SDRAM1_D[28]
R8
SDRAM1_D[26]
N8
SDRAM_ADD[10]
P1
SDRAM_ADD[14]
P11
KEYSENSE_N[2]_GPIO[46]
P16
KEYSENSE_N[1]_GPIO[63]
P19
SDRAM_ADD[11]
P2
KEYSENSE_N[0]_GPIO[62]
P21
GSM_PA_PWR_CTL
P26
SDRAM_ADD[12]
N16
N19
USB_SE0_VMI2C_SCL
N2
SDRAM_ADD[8]
USB_DAT_VP_I2C_SDA
N21
USB_RX_DATA_GPIO[29]
N23
USB_OE_TP_N
N25
USB_SUSPEND_GPIO[17]
N26
SDRAM_ADD[7]
N6
SDRAM_ADD[6]
M19
UART1_RFR_N_GPIO[98]
M21
M23
UART1_DP_RX_DATA_GPIO[96]
SDRAM_ADD[4]
M4
UB1_N_SDRAM1_DQM[1]
M6
SDRAM_ADD[3]
M8
SDRAM_ADD[9]
N1
SDRAM_ADD[5]
N11
UART1_CTS_N_GPIO[97]
L2
UART3_DP_RX_DATA_GPIO[85]PM_SBST
L21
UART3_CTS_N_GPIO[86]PM_SBDT
L23
UART3_RFR_N_GPIO[87]
L25
UART1_DP_TX_DATA_GPIO[95]
L26
SDRAM_ADD[2]
L4
SDRAM1_D[15]
L6
SDRAM1_D[14]
L8
UART3_DP_TX_DATA_GPIO[84]PM_SBCK
GRFC[13]_GPIO[82]
K23
SDRAM1_D[13]
K4
SDRAM1_D[11]
K6
ROM1_WAIT_N_SDRAM1_CAS_N
K8
SDRAM_ADD[1]
L1
MMC_CMD_GPIO[30]
L13
TX_AGC_ADJ
L14
RINGER_GPIO[18]
L19
LB1_N_SDRAM1_DQM[0]
SBDT
J23
GRFC[14]_GPIO[83]
J25
GRFC[12]_GPIO[81]
J26
SDRAM1_D[9]
J4
SDRAM1_D[5]
J6
SDRAM1_D[4]
J8
GRFC[11]_GPIO[80]
K19
SBCK
K21
SBST
H26
SDRAM1_D[7]
H4
SDRAM1_D[3]
H6
ETM_PIPESTAT1B_GPIO[43]
H9
J1
SDRAM1_D[12]
I2C_SCL_GPIO[27]
J19
SDRAM1_D[10]
J2
I2C_SDA_GPIO[26]
J21
H15
RTCK
H16
PA_RANGE[0]_GP_PDM[1]
H17
H18
SBST1_GPIO[93]
CRE_SDRAM1_CLK_EN
H2
GP_MN_GPIO[13]
H21
ETM_GPIO_IRQ_SRC_GPIO[41]
H23
SBCK1_GPIO[0]
H25
G4
UART2_CTS_N_GPIO[90]
G6
SDRAM1_D[8]
H1
TX_VCO_1_EN_N_GPIO[7]
H10
KEYPAD_17_GPIO[53]
H11
GRFC[10]_TX_ON
H12
MMC_DATA_GPIO[32]
H13
TRK_LO_ADJ
H14
TRST_N
UART1_DCD_N_GPIO[39]
BACKLIGHT_ETM_TRACECLK_GPIO[66]
F8
KEYPAD_9_GPIO[49]
F9
ROM1_ADV_N_SDRAM1_RAS_N
G1
G2
SDRAM1_D[6]
BT_TX_RN_N_GPIO[21]
G21
BT_CLK_GPIO[25]
G23
SBDT1_GPIO[1]
G26
SDRAM1_D[2]
F14
TMS
F15
TDO
F16
TCXO_EN_GPIO[94]
F18
F19
GP_PDM[0]_GPIO[92]
CAMIF_DATA[5]_GPIO[57]
F20
BT_SBST_GPIO[24]
F23
SDRAM1_D[0]
F4
F7
E1
CAMIF_HSYNC_GPIO[15]
E23
BT_SBDT_GPIO[22]
E25
BT_SBCK_GPIO[23]
E26
UART2_RFR_N_GPIO[91]
E4
UHF_BAND_SEL_GPIO[6]
F10
UART1_RI_GPIO[64]
F11
RESOUT_N
F12
RESIN_N
D22
CAMIF_PCLK_GPIO[14]
D25
BT_DATA_GPIO[20]
D26
ANT_SEL3_N_GPIO[12]
D5
PM_INT_N_GPIO[40]
D6
PS_HOLD_GPIO[42]
D7
UART1_DTR_GPIO[44]
D8
GSM_PA_BAND_GPIO[5]
D9
SDRAM1_D[1]
D10
TX_VCO_0_EN_N_GPIO[8]
D11
MMC_CLK_GPIO[31]
D12
TDI
D15
TCK
D16
D18
ETM_TRACESYNC_GPIO[65]
CAMIF_DATA[9]_GPIO[61]
D20
CAMIF_DATA[7]_GPIO[59]
D21
CAMIF_DATA[2]_GPIO[54]
B22
CAMIF_DATA[3]_GPIO[55]
B23
ANT_SEL2_N_GPIO[11]
B4
KEYPAD_11_GPIO[50]
B7
UHF_VCO_0_EN_GPIO[3]
B8
UART2_DP_RX_DATA_USIM_PWR_EN_GPIO[89]
C1
CAMIF_DSP_CLK_GPIO[19]
C26
UART2_DP_TX_DATA_GPIO[88]
D1
KEYPAD_15_GPIO[52]
AF7
EBI2_DATA[14]
AF8
EBI2_ADD[4]
AF9
USB_XTAL48_OUT
B11
Q_OUT
B13
B14
I_OUT
B16
SLEEP_XTAL_OUT
PA_ON[0]
B19
CAMIF_DATA[6]_GPIO[58]
AF19
MIC1N
AF20
BOOT_MODE
AF21
MICINP
AF22
CCOMP
AF24
EBI2_DATA[2]
AF3
WE2_N
AF4
EBI2_DATA[6]
AF5
OE2_N_NAND2_RE_N
EBI2_DATA[13]
AE8
EBI2_ADD[2]
AE9
EBI2_ADD[11]
AF11
EBI2_ADD[18]
AF13
LCD2_CS_N_GPIO[38]
AF14
XMEM2_CS_N[3]_GPIO[36]
AF16
WDOG_EN
AF17
EAR1OP
AF18
AUXIN_AUXIR
AE16
AUXIP_AUXIL
AE19
MIC1P
AE20
MICINN
AE22
MICBIAS
AE23
NAND2_CLE_UB2_N
AE4
EBI2_DATA[4]
AE5
EBI2_DATA[11]
AE7
AC6
EBI2_DATA[7]
AC7
EBI2_DATA[12]
AC8
EBI2_DATA[15]
AC9
EBI2_DATA[1]
AD1
GSM_PA_PWR_CTL_REF
AD26
EBI2_ADD[10]
AE11
EBI2_ADD[17]
AE13
NAND2_FLASH_READY_GPIO[33]
EAR1ON
AC17
AUXON_AUXOR
AC18
MIC2P
AC19
MICFBP
AC20
MICFBN
AC21
HKADC[4]
AC25
HKADC[3]
AC26
LB2_N_NAND2_ALE_A2[0]
AC5
EBI2_DATA[5]
AB25
EBI2_DATA[0]
AB4
ROM1_CLK_SDRAM1_CLK
AC1
EBI2_ADD[5]
AC10
EBI2_ADD[8]
AC11
EBI2_ADD[13]
AC12
EBI2_ADD[19]
AC13
XMEM2_CS_N[2]_GPIO[35]
AC15
AA23
MODE[1]
AA26
RESOUT_N_EBI1
AA4
EBI2_DATA[3]
AA7
EBI2_DATA[8]
AA8
EBI2_DATA[10]
AA9
XMEM1_CS_N[1]_GPIO[76]
AB1
HKADC[5]
AB23
HKADC[1]
AA11
EBI2_ADD[12]
AA12
EBI2_ADD[16]
AA13
XMEM2_CS_N[1]
AA14
AA15
EBI2_ADD[20]_GPIO[34]
AUXOP_AUXOL
AA17
MIC2N
AA18
MICOUTP
AA19
HKADC[0]
A22
CAMIF_DATA[4]_GPIO[56]
A23
CAMIF_VSYNC_GPIO[16]
A24
KEYPAD_MEMO_GPIO[45]
A4
GPS_TCXO_GPIO[28]
A5
KEYPAD_13_GPIO[51]
A7
GSM_PA_EN_GPIO[4]
A8
EBI2_ADD[3]
AA10
EBI2_ADD[7]
U201-1
USB_XTAL48_IN
A11
Q_OUT_N
A13
I_OUT_N
A14
SLEEP_XTAL_IN
A16
TCXO
A18
PA_ON[1]_GPIO[2]
A19
PA_RANGE[1]_GP_PDM[2]
A20
CAMIF_DATA[8]_GPIO[60]
MSM6250A_3_A
3
2
1M
R202
48MHz
X200
ICRT20S48M0X514CR
1
51K
R218
TP205
10K
R207
R201
680K
C219
D200
RB521S-30
1000p
C235
0.1u
NA
R211
R209
22
C236
0.1u
TP206
C200
0.1uF
0.01u
C214
1000p
C234
1000p
C218
C209
C210
0.01u
0.01u
0.1u
C225
33nF
C241
C244
0.01u
10K
R216
C201
0.1uF
VREG_MSMC_1.375V
MODE_1
VREG_MSMA_2.6V
GND_RET
VREG_CAM_DVDD_2.8V
LCD_LDO_EN
PA_R0
CAM_LED_EN
CAM_MCLK
M_CAM_MCLK
STEREO_DET_N
VGA_CAM_RESET_N
LCD_MAKER_ID
VGA_CAM_PWDN
USB_XTAL_IN
USB_XTAL_OUT
ON_SW_N
DAC_REF
VREG_MSME_1.8V
VREG_MSMA_2.6V
VREG_MSMA_2.6V
BOOT_MODE
WDOG_EN
CAM_DATA(2)
CAM_DATA(6)
PA_ON1
BUFF_TCXO
SLEEP_CLK
TX_IM
TX_QM
USB_XTAL_IN
G_LED_EN
R_LED_EN
UHF_VCO_0_EN
WDOG_EN
HOOK_SW_N
SPK_AMP_EN
RCV-
EBI2_DATA(0)
VBAT_SENSE
VBAT_TEMP
EBI2_DATA(10)
EBI2_DATA(8)
EBI2_DATA(3)
MODE_1
AMUX_OUT
MICOUTP
LCD_ADS
GSM_PA_EN
KEY_COL(2)
KEY_COL(5)
CAM_VSYNC
EBI2_DATA(4)
NAND_CLE
MICBIAS
MICINN
MIC1P
NAND_READY
EBI2_DATA(1)
EBI2_DATA(15)
EBI2_DATA(12)
EBI2_DATA(7)
EBI2_DATA(5)
NAND_ALE
MICFBN
MICFBP
MIC2P
PA_ON0
TX_IP
TX_QP
USB_XTAL_OUT
EBI2_DATA(14)
EBI2_OE_N
EBI2_DATA(6)
EBI2_WE_N
EBI2_DATA(2)
MICINP
BOOT_MODE
MIC1N
RCV+
LCD_CS_N
EBI2_DATA(13)
EBI2_DATA(11)
PM_INT_N
CAM_PCLK
CAM_DATA(0)
CAM_DATA(5)
CAM_DATA(7)
IrDA_SD
JTAG_TCK
JTAG_TDI
GSM_TX_VCO_0_EN_N
KEY_COL(1)
USIM_DATA
M_CAM_MCLK
KEY_COL(3)
ANT_SEL2
CAM_DATA(1)
CAM_DATA(4)
KEY_COL(4)
M_CAM_PWDN
SDRAM_DATA(0)
CAM_DATA(3)
LCD_BACK_EN
TCXO_EN
JTAG_TDO
JTAG_TMS
RESET_IN_N
RESOUT_N
UHF_BAND_SEL
USIM_CLK
CAM_HSYNC
SDRAM_DATA(1)
GSM_PA_BAND
PS_HOLD
SDRAM_DATA(12)
SDRAM_DATA(3)
SDRAM_DATA(7)
SBST
SDRAM_CLK_EN
JTAG_RTCK
JTAG_TRST_N
RF_ON_TX_ON
KEY_COL(0)
GSM_TX_VCO_1_EN_N
SDRAM_DATA(8)
USIM_RST_N
SDRAM_DATA(2)
SDRAM_DATA(6)
SDRAM_RAS_N
PM_SBST
SDRAM_DQM(0)
SDRAM_ADDR(1)
SDRAM_CAS_N
SDRAM_DATA(11)
SDRAM_DATA(13)
SBCK
SLIDE_DETECT_N
SDRAM_DATA(4)
SDRAM_DATA(5)
SDRAM_DATA(9)
HDET_EN
SBDT
I2C_SDA
SDRAM_DATA(10)
I2C_SCL
USB_DAT
SDRAM_ADDR(8)
USB_SE0
SDRAM_ADDR(5)
SDRAM_ADDR(9)
SDRAM_ADDR(3)
SDRAM_DQM(1)
SDRAM_ADDR(4)
UART_RXD
PM_SBCK
SDRAM_DATA(14)
SDRAM_DATA(15)
SDRAM_ADDR(2)
UART_TXD
LCD_IF_MODE
PM_SBDT
KEY_ROW(4)
ANT_SEL0
SDRAM_ADDR(13)
SDRAM_ADDR(12)
GSM_PA_RAMP
KEY_ROW(0)
SDRAM_ADDR(11)
KEY_ROW(1)
KEY_ROW(2)
SDRAM_ADDR(14)
SDRAM_ADDR(10)
SDRAM_ADDR(6)
SDRAM_ADDR(7)
M_CAM_RESET
USB_OE_N
LCD_RESET_N
RX_IM
SDRAM_ADDR(0)
SDRAM_WE_N
SDRAM_DATA(16)
SDRAM_DQM(2)
SDRAM_DATA(31)
SDRAM_DATA(30)
SDRAM_DATA(29)
ANT_SEL1
SDRAM_DATA(27)
EAR_SENSE_N
SDRAM_DATA(26)
SDRAM_DATA(28)
SDRAM_DATA(25)
SDRAM_DATA(24)
KEY_ROW(3)
RX_QM
HDET1
SDRAM_DATA(21)
SDRAM_DATA(20)
EBI2_DATA(9)
SDRAM_DATA(23)
RX_IP
SDRAM_DATA(19)
MICOUTN
HPH_L
HPH_R
NAND_CS_N
SDRAM_DATA(18)
SDRAM_DQM(3)
SDRAM_DATA(22)
SDRAM_DATA(17)
TRK_LO_ADJ
VREG_MSMP_2.7V
VREG_MSMP_2.7V
SDRAM_CLK
VREG_MSMP_2.7V
VREG_MSMP_2.7V
GND_RET
GSM_PA_PWR_CTL_REF
CAM_PWR_EN
SDRAM_CS_N
RX_QP
SDRAM_DATA(0:31)
EBI2_DATA(0:15)
SDRAM_ADDR(0:14)
MICOUTN
MICOUTP
MICFBN
MICFBP
MICINN
MICINP
TX_AGC_ADJ
7. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Z3X-BOX.COM
Содержание L602i
Страница 3: ... 4 Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 34: ...3 TECHNICAL BRIEF 35 3 7 Hardware Architecture Figure Simplified Block Diagram Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 46: ...3 TECHNICAL BRIEF 47 Figure PM6650 2 Functional Block Diagram Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 71: ...4 TROUBLE SHOOTING 72 4 2 SIGNAL PATH WCDMA Tx PATH WCDMA Rx PATH Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 83: ...4 TROUBLE SHOOTING 84 4 5 5 Check RF Rx Level TP1 TP3 TP4 Bias1 TP2 Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 101: ...4 TROUBLE SHOOTING 102 LCD Control data flow Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 109: ...4 TROUBLE SHOOTING 110 AUDIO AMP R502 C501 R503 FP500 501 CN600 PIN 14 15 Speaker Soldering Point Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 113: ...4 TROUBLE SHOOTING 114 Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 126: ...5 DOWNLOAD 127 Download of Module image in progress Download process has completed successfully Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 130: ...5 DOWNLOAD 131 Click on X button to use another function Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 134: ...6 BLOCK DIAGRAM 135 Table 2 1 1 RF Block Component Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 137: ...6 BLOCK DIAGRAM 138 Top Side Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 138: ...6 BLOCK DIAGRAM 139 Bottom Side Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 139: ... 140 Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 149: ... 150 8 PCB LAYOUT Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 150: ... 151 8 PCB LAYOUT Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 151: ... 152 8 PCB LAYOUT Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 152: ... 153 8 PCB LAYOUT Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 153: ... 154 LGMC 8 PCB LAYOUT Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 154: ... 155 LGMC 8 PCB LAYOUT Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 155: ... 156 8 PCB LAYOUT Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 161: ... 162 Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 163: ... 164 Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 191: ...Note Z 3 X B O X C O M ...
Страница 192: ...Note Z 3 X B O X C O M ...