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KINTECH ENGINEERING

ORBIT 360 | USER GUIDE

Fig. 12.

Hanging brackets dimensions (horizontal position)

Fig. 13.

Hanging brackets dimensions (vertical position)

Содержание ORBIT 360

Страница 1: ...LAST UPDATE 21 FEBRUARY 2020 U S E R G U I D E ORBIT 360 ...

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Страница 3: ...bout this user manual 16 1 4 Product disposal 16 1 5 Getting help 16 2 Introduction 18 2 1 About Orbit 360 19 2 1 1 Orbit 360 Basic Plus 20 2 1 2 Orbit 360 Premium 20 2 2 Order options and accessories 20 2 2 1 Data loggers 22 2 2 2 Kintech SIM cards 22 3 Quick start 24 3 1 How to get an Atlas license Atlas software 24 3 2 System requirements 24 3 3 How to setup your Orbit data logger 24 ...

Страница 4: ...ed into the data logger 26 3 5 How to operate Orbit data logger in field 27 3 6 How to download data from an Orbit data logger 28 4 System overview 29 4 1 Orbit 360 data logger 29 4 2 General aspects 29 4 2 1 Sampling rate 30 4 2 2 Averaging period and timestamp 30 4 2 3 Basics about data management for Kintech loggers 30 4 2 4 Configuration changes becoming effective 31 4 2 5 Logger reset 31 4 2 ...

Страница 5: ...4 3 6 Modem 35 4 3 7 GPS 35 4 3 8 RTC 36 4 3 9 TCP connector 36 4 3 10 MMC card slot 36 4 3 11 SIM card slot 37 4 4 Logger terminals 37 4 5 Alarms and actuators 44 4 6 Atlas desktop software 45 4 6 1 Atlas Free 45 4 6 2 Atlas Professional 45 4 6 3 Atlas Enterprise 46 5 Technical specifications 46 5 1 Operation conditions 46 5 2 Absolute maximum ratings 46 5 3 Technical specifications outputs 48 ...

Страница 6: ...ecifications 58 5 7 1 Emergency power saving mode 58 5 7 2 Internal backup batteries 58 5 7 3 Physical characteristics 59 6 Installation 60 6 1 Preparation 62 6 2 Configuration 62 6 3 Grounding 62 6 4 Antennas 64 6 5 Sensor connection 65 6 6 Powering on the logger 66 7 On site operations 67 7 1 Using the keypad 67 7 2 Turning off the logger 68 7 3 Using the display 69 7 3 1 Upper information bar 6...

Страница 7: ...6 7 5 4 ANALOG 9 23 77 7 5 5 STATUS 77 7 5 5 1 Logger status 77 7 5 5 2 Modem 80 7 5 5 3 Serial channels 81 7 5 5 4 Modbus 82 7 5 5 5 GPS location 83 7 5 5 6 Power supply 84 7 5 5 7 System info 85 7 5 6 CONFIGURATION 86 7 5 6 1 Modem type 87 7 5 6 2 Modbus RTU 88 7 5 6 3 Area number 89 7 5 6 4 Location number 90 7 5 6 5 Tower number 90 7 5 6 6 Num 1 2 90 7 5 6 7 Num 3 4 91 ...

Страница 8: ... 1 Changing the SIM card PIN code 100 7 6 2 Sensor replacement 101 7 6 3 Downloading from SD card 102 8 Data security 104 8 1 Orbit passwords 105 8 2 Atlas passwords 105 9 Communication options 106 9 1 GSM GPRS 106 9 1 1 Internet 106 9 1 1 1 Logger Server Name LNS 107 9 1 1 2 Kintech Global Internet SIM cards 108 9 1 2 Modem call CSD 109 9 1 3 SMS 110 9 1 4 Email 111 9 2 Satellite 113 9 2 1 Iridiu...

Страница 9: ...9 2 2 1 Characteristics 119 9 2 2 2 Installation logger side 120 9 2 2 3 Installation office side 121 9 3 Direct COM 121 9 4 Troubleshooting 122 9 5 Internet troubleshooting 122 9 6 Satellite troubleshooting 125 10SCADA 126 10 1Modbus configuration 126 10 2Modbus RTU troubleshooting 132 10 3Modbus types 133 10 4Modbus TCP 135 11EC Declaration of Conformity 137 ...

Страница 10: ...d GSM antenna connectors 35 Fig 8 Ethernet port of the Orbit 360 data logger 36 Fig 9 Orbit 360 removable terminals 37 Fig 10 Orbit 360 terminal map drawing 39 Fig 11 Adjusting the logger hanging brackets 60 Fig 12 Hanging brackets dimensions horizontal position 61 Fig 13 Hanging brackets dimensions vertical position 61 Fig 14 How to ground the logger 64 Fig 15 GSM antenna 65 Fig 16 GPS antenna 65...

Страница 11: ...main menu view 2 74 Fig 29 Orbit 360 main menu view 3 75 Fig 30 QUICK VIEW screen 75 Fig 31 FREQUENCY 1 10 screen 76 Fig 32 ANALOG 1 8 screen 76 Fig 33 STATUS screen Logger Status 78 Fig 34 STATUS screen modem 80 Fig 35 STATUS screen Serial Channels 82 Fig 36 STATUS screen Modbus 82 Fig 37 STATUS screen Site Coordinates 83 Fig 38 STATUS screen Power supply 84 Fig 39 STATUS screen System info 85 Fi...

Страница 12: ...cted to your PC 100 Fig 52 How to take out the SD card 102 Fig 53 Display checking memory card 103 Fig 54 Display storage cycle instructions 103 Fig 55 Display new storage cycle screen 103 Fig 56 Display old storage cycle continues 104 Fig 57 Logger Server Name 107 Fig 58 Kintech global SIM card 109 Fig 59 Iridium modem 115 Fig 60 Satellite Iridium 116 Fig 61 Iridium antenna for satellite connecti...

Страница 13: ... Fig 69 Logger display logger showing GSM 123 Fig 70 Logger display status modem e04 logger online 123 Fig 71 Modem status codes list 124 Fig 72 Selection of Modbus variables to be transmitted 127 Fig 73 Example of Modbus variables addresses 128 Fig 74 Several loggers using a shared communication line 129 Fig 75 ModScan configuration Office test for Mobdus RTU 132 Fig 76 Example configuration for ...

Страница 14: ...cations inputs 47 Table 4 Operating temperature range 47 Table 5 Keypad key functions 68 Table 6 Display battery status 70 Table 7 Display communication status 71 Table 8 Logger status Error code number 79 Table 9 Configuration Modem types 87 Table 10 Configuration Modbus RTU 89 Table 11 Modbus RTU types and baudrates3941 129 Table 12 Typical Modbus configuration 131 ...

Страница 15: ...Discharge FW Firmware FSM Finite State Machine HW Hardware GPRS General Packet Radio Service GSM Global System Mobile IP Internet Protocol IRDM Iridium LED Light Emitting Diode LNS Logger Name Server PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network SMS Short Message System USB Universal Serial Bus UTC Coordinated Universal Time V Volts WGS 84 World Geodetic System 1984 WRA Wind Resource Assessment ...

Страница 16: ...ur question in this user manual please feel free to contact either our main office or your contact person in Kintech Engineering for assistance To find the contact information for your contact person in Kintech Engineering you can go to https www kintech engineering com about You may also contact us for technical support through our online chat from our website www kintech engineering com MAIN OFF...

Страница 17: ...nctioning Every input and output is tested with an automatic quality control system that emulates the same signals generated by real sensors The results of the quality control are delivered in paper together with the logger Kintech Engineering guarantees that the product delivered has been verified and tested to ensure that it meets the published specifications In case of any manufacturing defect ...

Страница 18: ...E these product components must be recycled This should be done by returning the product to Kintech Engineering or by using an appropriate waste disposal company This product should not be disposed of in general waste of landfill 1 5 Getting help If you have any questions about your Orbit 360 data logger or any other Kintech products we encourage you to first have a look at the product documentati...

Страница 19: ...lace leading up to the issue The settings exported file sit file When sending us downloaded data you would like us to analyze please provide the log file raw data the txt file metadata about the logger events and the download together with the sit file Please be aware that any failure to comply with the above list will hamper troubleshooting ...

Страница 20: ...eliability and usability are key elements for a successful measurement campaign Which is why Orbit 360 includes expanded redundant memory fail safe power plug and a new powerful internal lithium backup battery that in combination with the new smart power management ensure emergency autonomy for up to 100 days when the external power supply is interrupted The technology in use combined with our exp...

Страница 21: ...mium Frequency channels pulse counters 10 10 Analog channels voltage 15 15 RS485 connectivity for digital instruments N A 6 8 Total channels 25 39 Virtual channels for digital instruments N A 14 Alarms and actuators N A Ethernet port N A Integrated Modbus RTU RS485 N A Integrated Modbus TCP Ethernet N A Atlas Mobile App N A Averaging time 1 5 10 1 5 10 Internal backup memory 100 days High capacity...

Страница 22: ...Orbit 360 Premium This is our Premium data logger with all the latest features from valuable feedback from our customers including RS485 connectivity virtual channels to connect up to 14 digital instruments alarms and actuators connection to SCADA via Modbus RTU or Modbus TCP Atlas Mobile etc are only available on this Orbit 360 Premium model Frequency channels available on the Orbit 360 Premium C...

Страница 23: ... data logger Basic Plus or Premium GSM antenna 2 6 meter cable GPS antenna 1 5 meter cable SD memory card can be pre configured on request One screwdriver A complete set of removable terminal plugs 13 in total Internal backup battery can be removed on request 4 removable support brackets already installed on logger Fig 1 Included items along with the Orbit 360 data logger ...

Страница 24: ...everal different countries Because of the extensive number of our customers with wind solar measurement campaigns in several different countries we know the difficulties to acquire local SIM cards with the optimal settings and local GPRS 3G coverage The need for a more effective way to handle this has motivated our engineers to come up with a solution for a single SIM card that offers internet con...

Страница 25: ...placing your PO purchase order with us please mention that you would like have this SIM card included with your order Sales conditions may vary Fig 2 Global Internet SIM Card The Kintech Engineering Global Internet SIM card is only and exclusively for use with data loggers manufactured by Kintech Engineering including EOL Zenith and Orbit 360 CONFIGURATION When configuring your Orbit 360 data logg...

Страница 26: ... Windows XP with NET Framework version 4 6 2 or later version installed MMC card reader You need an MMC card reader for accessing the data on the MMC card from your PC and for configuring your data loggers with their settings Telephone connection or Internet access If you are planning to connect to the data logger via a telephone MODEM or Internet We recommend connecting to the data logger via an ...

Страница 27: ...pe notes etc 3 3 3 Channels settings Setup all the sensors that are going to be connected to Orbit data logger as well as the data Max Min Std dev to be collected from each sensor For now choose the standard slope and offset and later adjust these values to the real values given on the individual calibration certificates 3 3 4 Communication settings Select the connection type and password of the d...

Страница 28: ...ard right click on the data logger and select Upload Settings 2 Choose the option SD Card and click the Start button A new window comes up and choose the MMC card unit Remarks 1 MMC SD operations will work only if Atlas is launched with administrative privileges 2 The logger must be OFF at the moment the SD cards is inserted otherwise the logger will ignore the new configuration and it will actual...

Страница 29: ...ll the data logger inside a weatherproof cabinet Connect all the sensor cables to the data logger terminals Keep a maximum clearance between the GSM antenna cable and sensor cables Do not connect the battery to the 12V terminal yet 2 Make sure that all the grounding shields from the sensors are thoroughly connected to ground 3 Make sure the SD memory card is correctly inserted The card is inserted...

Страница 30: ...Assuming the data logger status is ONLINE mark the Internet 3 Click the Start Button 4 The PC now connects to the data logger and downloads data directly How to do a Real Time connection to an Orbit data logger If it is need to check the well functioning of the Orbit data logger installed in field there is an option to do a real time connection Real time 1 Go to Site window Connections Real time o...

Страница 31: ...iometer sensors and 24 RS485 sensors The sampling rate is 1 Hz complying with IEC 61400 12 Using the one second data samples the logger calculates the mean standard deviation maximum and minimum values of the averaging interval user configurable to 1 5 and 10 minutes Once calculated the data is stored in its non volatile memory SD card Fig 3 Where to find Orbit 360 serial number 4 2 General aspect...

Страница 32: ...ulate the average and all the other statistical data every minutes 00 10 20 30 40 and 50 of every hour Let s say the time is 00 20 00 at that moment the logger will calculate the average of the 600 readings between 00 10 00 and 00 20 00 4 2 3 Basics about data management for Kintech loggers Before configuring the first Kintech data logger it is need to know how the overall data management works 1 ...

Страница 33: ...ble then to modify the configuration file in Atlas and manually convert decode the last two weeks raw data the log file into new wnd files 4 2 4 Configuration changes becoming effective Just when the logger receives the configuration from Atlas it s stored in RAM temporal volatile memory and applied immediately However the configuration will not be stored in the SD card permanent non volatile memo...

Страница 34: ... turned on the time and date of the recordings will be the one maintained by the internal RTC Eventually that time and date will be updated as soon as the Orbit s GPS syncs once again 4 2 6 Internal tilt sensor The txt report shows the tilt of the data logger allowing for detecting met mast collapses Provided the usual logger installation inside the cabinet a 90º value means that the met mast is s...

Страница 35: ...y key of the keypad 4 3 2 Keypad The keypad is used to access the logger menus and to select or validate new configuration parameters There are also some key combinations that do specific tasks and are described in their correspondent chapters 4 3 3 LED indicators The Orbit 360 features three LED indicators located at the right of the SIM card slot 4 3 3 1 Modem red LED LED indicator is off the mo...

Страница 36: ...on consumption hardware communication mode sensors For instance satellite modem consumption is two times higher than GSM also sites with low signal need more transmission power during telemetry sessions The number of telemetry sessions a week or the number and type of sensors may influence as well Other factors affecting electrical generation are latitude solar radiation of the site and panel orie...

Страница 37: ...istance a special grounding installation net should be considered 4 3 6 Modem The Orbit 360 data logger has an internal quad band GSM GPRS modem that works worldwide For CDMA or satellite communications an external modem is used the modem is connected to the loggers External COM port The GSM antenna must be connected to the antenna connector shown below Fig 7 GPS and GSM antenna connectors 4 3 7 G...

Страница 38: ...ld be inserted in the Memory slot Card should be inserted softly with metal contacts facing the logger display facing right and the trimmed corner first facing downwards till a click sound is produced then the card moves slightly backwards There is just one way to insert the MMC card do not force it or damage can be produced The memory is supplied together with the logger Even though the logger is...

Страница 39: ...inals The Orbit 360 data logger features 92 removable terminals for convenient interfacing with the rest of elements present on the met mast In addition the logger includes a fail safe 3 terminal orange plug to connect the external power supply Every single terminal block is labeled in the bottom part with a letter ranging from A to L in alphabetical order to further facilitate the work on the fie...

Страница 40: ... with symbol red circles 23 terminals for reference connection labeled with symbol 10 terminals with 5V continuous power labeled with 5V symbol blue circles The terminals are grouped according to Table 1 Terminal group Terminal range Description Frequency Channels 1 to 30 Frequency sensor connection area Modbus 31 to 32 Modbus RTU over RS485 RS485 33 to 42 RS485 sensor connection area Ext Com 43 t...

Страница 41: ... FC K611P K620A 4 Sensor GND Sensor supply signal reference 5 2 Sensor signal Input channel 2 freq pulses 6 5V 5V DC supply Continuous power supply for Thies FC K611P K620A 7 Sensor GND Sensor supply signal reference 8 3 Sensor signal Input channel 3 freq pulses 9 5V 5V DC supply Continuous power supply for Thies FC K611P K620A 10 Sensor GND Sensor supply signal reference 11 4 Sensor signal Input ...

Страница 42: ...V DC supply Continuous power supply for Thies FC K611P K620A 22 Sensor GND Sensor supply signal reference 23 8 Sensor signal Input channel 8 freq pulses 24 5V 5V DC supply Continuous power supply for Thies FC K611P K620A 25 Sensor GND Sensor supply signal reference 26 9 Sensor signal Input channel 9 freq pulses 27 5V 5V DC supply Continuous power supply for Thies FC K611P K620A 28 Sensor GND Senso...

Страница 43: ...smitted serial data RS 232 to interface with external modem 45 Supply Power supply GND 46 Supply Battery with current limitation 12 mA 47 Sensor GND Sensor supply signal reference 48 1 Sensor signal Input channel 1 voltage 49 Supply Battery with current limitation 12 mA 50 5 5V discontinuous supply Discontinuous power supply for potentiometric wind vanes K307T 51 Sensor GND Sensor supply signal re...

Страница 44: ... wind vanes K307T 63 2V5 2 5V DC Continuous power supply for Davis pyranometer propeller anemometer 64 Sensor GND Sensor supply signal reference 65 5 Sensor signal Input channel 5 voltage 66 Supply Battery with current limitation 12mA 67 o1 Alarm output 1 Battery with current limitation 2000 mA Discontinuous supply Discontinuous battery with current limitation 2000 mA for Setra barometer 68 Sensor...

Страница 45: ...9 o4 Alarm output 4 Battery with current limitation 2000 mA Discontinuous supply Discontinuous battery with current limitation 2000 mA for Setra barometer 80 Sensor GND Sensor supply signal reference 81 9 Sensor signal Input channel 9 voltage 82 Supply Battery with current limitation 12mA 83 o5 Alarm output 5 Battery with current limitation 2000 mA Discontinuous supply Discontinuous battery with c...

Страница 46: ...l or make an alarm call The outputs of the Orbit 360 can be utilized to for instance deactivate the ventilation unit of a pyranometer upon high wind activate the heating of an anemometer upon a specific temperature range etc Average values on frequency channels 1 to 8 and analog channels 1 to 8 can be configured to trigger any of the 8 possible alarm actuations For each channel there are two level...

Страница 47: ...tivated at certain hours individually selectable by the user in Atlas 4 6 Atlas desktop software Atlas is our latest desktop software to manage and connect with the data loggers from Kintech Engineering The updated workspace in Atlas lets track the entire fleet of data loggers and automate all the daunting tasks so it can be focused on key factors that directly influence the overall data quality o...

Страница 48: ...dinated manner Changes carried out on the Atlas server are instantaneously reflected on all Atlas clients all your team members For further information please contact our technical support support kintech engineering com 5 Technical specifications 5 1 Operation conditions Description Value Units Comments Operating voltage 12 V DC Recommended 6 V DC Minimum 5 2 Absolute maximum ratings Stresses bey...

Страница 49: ... input voltage 0 3 V Analog 1 15 Vi max Maximum input voltage 5 V Vi min Minimum input voltage 0 3 V RS485 Vi max Maximum input voltage 10 5 V Vi min Minimum input voltage 10 5 V Ext Com Vi max Maximum input voltage 13 2 V Vi min Minimum input voltage 13 2 V Table 3 Electrical specifications inputs Parameter Value Units Max operating temperature 70 ºC Min operating temperature 40 ºC Table 4 Operat...

Страница 50: ...40 mA Io Maximum operative output current 10 mA 5V Desc 5V discontinuous power supply for potentiometer wind vanes K307TH Vo Nominal output voltage 5 V Ilim Output current limiting 40 mA Io Maximum operative output current 10 mA f Pulse frequency 1 Hz ton Time ON 60 ms 2V5 Desc 2 5V discontinuous power supply for Gill Propeller anemometer pyranometers Vo Nominal output voltage 2 5 V Ilim Output cu...

Страница 51: ...limiting 12 5 mA Io Maximum operative output current 10 mA o1 to o6 Desc Actuators alarm based hourly configurable Vo Nominal output voltage V Ilim Output current limiting 2 A Io Maximum operative output current 2 A RS485 Desc Bat voltage DC for Geovanes Thies 3D Vo Nominal output voltage V Ilim Output current limiting 200 mA Io Maximum operative output current 120 mA Ext COM Desc Bat voltage DC f...

Страница 52: ...voltage level the data logger will capture the event as a pulse Therefore the compatible signals can be a voltage square wave sinusoidal or any other waveform that has a high and low level above and below the threshold voltage The threshold voltage level for each channel is preprogrammed in the data logger according to the type of sensor configured for that frequency channel on the data logger set...

Страница 53: ... the type of sensor configured for the frequency input channel on logger settings a pre scaling factor of 16 is applied to the total number of pulses that arrived along the recording interval stored on data logger s memory The 16 pre scaling factor applied increases the range of pulse count along the recording interval Considering that the pulse count is stored in a 16 bit register the average fre...

Страница 54: ...ors or water counters the software will use the total number of pulses rather than frequency When the sensor type configured on the logger settings is an associated digital serial input data the origin of the data is not the pulse count from its associated input channel terminal but the corresponding field from its associated digital serial input instrument telegram The number of physical channels...

Страница 55: ...5 m s Gust 0 01 m s Std deviation Voltage Threshold 1 5V Default Hertz s auto 80mV to 2 5V Input Resistance 220 kΩ Frequency range 0 to 2 kHz The voltage threshold is automatically set according to the signal characteristics of the configured sensor 5 4 2 Analog channels The Orbit 360 data logger reads the analog input channels through its 12 bit analog to digital converters In turn this provides ...

Страница 56: ...ely after the readings Consequently the input impedance on the analog input terminals is low while the electronics are powered off User should employ available standard sensors with wiring guidelines to assure appropriate impedance coupling wiring and power supply of data logger and sensor Power supply is applied around 30ms before starting the readings of analog input channels Remark Due to the d...

Страница 57: ...the internal modem the Orbit 360 is provided with an external communication port compatible with Iridium Inmarsat and direct communications If the site where you plan to perform wind or solar resource assessment is without a GSM signal satellite communication is most likely the best option Kintech Engineering offers two alternative satellite solutions Iridium and BGAN For both the Iridium and the ...

Страница 58: ...aster 0 Basic Plus 3 Premium Ethernet for BGAN Modbus TCP logger slave N A Basic Plus 1 Premium Modbus RTU over RS485 logger slave N A Basic Plus 1 Premium Data retrieval Remote 24h access GSM GPRS BGAN satellite Internet IRDM satellite CSD call local Removable SD card RS 232 email Daily email from logger Real time 24h access Internet Satellite CSD call Atlas Desktop Android APP Internet Atlas Mob...

Страница 59: ... geolocation Statistical values Average Std Dev Min Max All channels 30 sec turbulence intensity FRQ1 and FRQ2 Gust 1 2 3 4 15 Seconds Main data storage Removable SD card 20 years of data Backup data storage Internal memory Approx 100 days of data Security Data encryption and digital signature with GPS coordinates Always Password protection User configurable Access control Remote connections keypa...

Страница 60: ...he modem display Ethernet GPS etc are switched off As soon as the external power supply is reestablished and the supply voltage surpass 7V the logger returns to its normal operation mode Besides this for Orbits 360 equipped with internal backup batteries the logger will automatically switch between external power supply and internal battery provided that the emergency power saving mode is enabled ...

Страница 61: ...external power supply It cannot be switched on through the internal backup batteries To turn off Orbit 360 data loggers featuring internal batteries the user must 1st Unplug the 3 terminal orange power plug to disconnect the external power supply 2nd Follow the instructions on the display and press UP SET DOWN to also disconnect the internal power supply 5 7 3 Physical characteristics Property Des...

Страница 62: ...tect against weather and intrusion the data logger solar charger battery as well as any other item inside of it The Orbit 360 data logger has four metallic hanging brackets in the back for simple attachment to the metallic plate of the enclosure Their orientation with respect to the logger case can be adjusted by means of a screwdriver Fig 11 Adjusting the logger hanging brackets The hanging brack...

Страница 63: ...KINTECH ENGINEERING ORBIT 360 USER GUIDE 61 Fig 12 Hanging brackets dimensions horizontal position Fig 13 Hanging brackets dimensions vertical position ...

Страница 64: ...nstall the data logger it is necessary to configure it according to the sensors calculation and communication parameters as described in section 3 4 Failing to do this can lead to problems in the settings as certain settings cannot be modified via keypad The Orbit 360 settings are stored in the data logger s external SD card together with the input channel data The Orbit 360 data logger reads the ...

Страница 65: ...nstalled on top of the structure above sensors installed there The lightning rod gives effective protection to all elements located inside a 45º degrees cone underneath it To join the lightning rod to the grounding rod we recommend using at least a 35mm2 copper ground wire Grounding rods are usually 1 5m long To ground the Orbit 360 data logger connect one end of the copper ground wire usually yel...

Страница 66: ...rod and NOT to the lightning rods Fig 14 Copper ground wire should be as short as possible and should be installed as straight as possible avoiding loops or angles Fig 14 How to ground the logger 6 4 Antennas There are two antennas that come with the Orbit 360 data logger a GSM antenna see Fig 15 and a GPS antenna Fig 16 Both of them are strongly magnetized at theis base for ease of installation ...

Страница 67: ... of the shelter box in vertical position and as far as possible from the tower structure to minimize signal attenuation 6 5 Sensor connection The Orbit 360 features 92 removable terminals arranged in such way that cluttered cable connection is avoided Different sensors produce different types of signal outputs For your data logger to interpret the sensor signal the signal output from the sensor mu...

Страница 68: ...do it firmly to avoid misconnection There is a two seconds timing after powering on the logger to ensure that the voltage stabilizes in all logger circuits The green light CPUactivity is on and thedisplayis blank Afterwards the logger performs a system auto checking and shows Orbit 360 and the firmware version on display After the system auto checking the logger accesses the external storage memor...

Страница 69: ... PIN code If you get the Corrupt Mem indication we recommend updating settings to the memory through the memory card reader with Atlas software If you do not have this option youhave to do it remotely or and through logger front panel Then we recommend downloading with Remove data from logger memory option so you only leave data with the right settings in the memory 7 On site operations 7 1 Using ...

Страница 70: ...via SD card this is an emergency on site firmware upgrade from SD card memory The procedure is as follows 1 power off the logger by removingthe orange 3 terminal power plug 2 while simultaneouslypressingUP and DOWN keys turn on the logger The green LED will start blinking several two times per second 3 Press now LETF RIGHT to initiate the firmware upgrade and make sure power is not removed during ...

Страница 71: ...croll through the logger menus access real time values set parameters etc Lower information bar shows time date and GPS RS485 and MODBUS status 7 3 1 Upper information bar The upper information bar displays the following data and icons Battery icon shows the current power supply status When the system is powered by a 12V battery five level bars means that the battery is fully charged whereas one s...

Страница 72: ...ars or less check the complete power system Most lead acid batteries are deteriorated when the voltage level drops below 8 5V and must be replaced Memory icon appears in the screen whenever the logger is reading or writing in the memory Fig 20 Memory being accessed icon Logger site ID number six figure number that together with the logger name identifies the site It is configured in Atlas during t...

Страница 73: ...ve and transmit data over the Internet by means of Atlas desktop software The logger is configured to communicate by means of the Iridium satellite module Communication error Wrong SIM PIN code modem not detected etc E mail transmission in progress envelope after the ONLINE word Table 7 Display communication status 7 3 2 Lower information bar The lower information bar displays the following data a...

Страница 74: ...d GPS status shows the signal of the GPS receiver In case of GPS failure an X is shown instead of the coverage bars Fig 23 GPS status RS485 communication status a flashing dot indicates RS485 communication between the logger are the sensors connected to the digital buses Fig 24 RS485 communication status indicator Modbus status Fig 25 Modbus status indicator ...

Страница 75: ...60 USER GUIDE 73 7 4 Parameter edit mode To edit a value in Orbit 360 via keypad simply access the value by pushing the SET button Once the value has been selected press SET again to save the changes Fig 26 Edit mode sensor model ...

Страница 76: ...g function the display will always shut off after two minutes without any key inputs The logger continues to collect data while the display is off Use UP and DOWN keys to scroll across different menu options an arrow located on the left shows the selected menu and then press the RIGTH key to enter into that option All menus and submenus are cyclic pressing theDOWN key in thelast menuoption skips o...

Страница 77: ...ault units for that particular magnitude The initial view shows FR1 to FR6 and ANL1 to ANL6 channels Scroll DOWN UP to access to the rest of channels Fig 30 QUICK VIEW screen 7 5 2 FREQUENCY 1 16 In this window you can access both real time and the last averaged value of every frequency channel together with the sensor model name configured in that particular channel Again the values will be expre...

Страница 78: ...rd line Instantaneous value e g Inst 3 1 m s 4th line Average value e g Avg 2 6 m s Note that just after turning on the logger there will be no average value available until a 10 min interval has been exceeded 7 5 3 ANALOG 1 8 In this window you can access both real time and the last averaged value of every analog channel ranging from 1 to 8 The values will be expressed in the default units for th...

Страница 79: ...ressed in the default units for that particular magnitude 1st line channel ID e g Analog 12 2nd line Sensor model ID e g 61 GEOVANE TILT X 3rd line Instantaneous value e g Inst 1 4º 4th line Average value e g Avg 1 4º Note that just after turning on the logger there will be no average value available until a 10 min interval has been exceeded 7 5 5 STATUS This screen provides information regardingt...

Страница 80: ...d The code consists of two bytes and it is given in hexadecimal format Each of the 16 bits corresponds to one error and the complete error code number can exhibit more than one error The logger offers a brief error summary in addition to the code High byte HB Meaning HB 0 Not used HB 1 Internal memory contains data HB 2 GPS error HB 3 Not used HB 4 Not used HB 5 Reboot HB 6 Aux board error Modbus ...

Страница 81: ...rror LB 3 Corrupt data in SD card SD card format error LB 4 SD card not inserted LB 5 Internal memory error LB 6 A D converter error LB 7 Not used Table 8 Logger status Error code number In the following example the error code number is equal to E02h16h indicating the following errors HB 1 Internal memory contains data LB 1 Low battery warning LB 2 SD card error LB 4 SD card not inserted ...

Страница 82: ...re are errors the bottom lines of the logger status screen will describe the meaning of the errors contained in the Error Code described above 7 5 5 2 Modem Go to STATUS Modem for specific information about the status of the modem Fig 34 STATUS screen modem The following information is displayed on this screen Second line E02h16h E 02h 16h High byte Low byte ...

Страница 83: ...number of bytes received by the modem Time out timer t for technical support and troubleshooting Third line IP address the dynamic or static Internet Protocol address when the Orbit 360 is connected to the internet followed by the port number listening to incoming connections Fourth line Access Point Name APN the APN settings that the user has configured in the Orbit 360 for accessing to the Gener...

Страница 84: ...etailed info about Modbus and SCADA connectivity Fig 36 STATUS screen Modbus The following information is displayed on this screen First line Modbus finite state machine status e a two digit number that provides its current state ID of the Modbus FSM for technical support and troubleshooting Modbus RX buffer b a two digit number that shows number of bytes received through the bus Second line ...

Страница 85: ...ation of the met mast The site coordinates are displayed in WGS 84 format Fig 37 STATUS screen Site Coordinates The following information is displayed on this screen First line Latitude e g 41º38 937 N GPS finite state machine status e a two digit number that provides its current state ID of the GPS FSM for technical support and troubleshooting Second line Longitude e g 000º53 593 W GPS RX buffer ...

Страница 86: ...s of the GPS FSM for technical support and troubleshooting e g c02t60 7 5 5 6 Power supply Go to STATUS Power supply for detailed information regarding the battery status Fig 38 STATUS screen Power supply The following information is displayed on this screen First line Instantaneous value current voltage value in volts e g Instant Bat 12 4V Second line Maximum of the last 24h the maximum voltage o...

Страница 87: ... checking the proper functioning of the solar charging system by comparing the day and night values and by evaluating the evolution of the minimum values of the last two days 7 5 5 7 System info Go to STATUS System info for general information regarding the Orbit 360 unit Fig 39 STATUS screen System info The following information is displayed on this screen First line Number of days of stored data...

Страница 88: ...ard memory location with data for technical support and troubleshooting e g MEM 03BD28 Last four digits of the serial number of the Orbit 360 unit e g s n 12014 7 5 6 CONFIGURATION This screen allows the installer to configure some basic logger parameters on site such us the modem type external internal the SIM pin code language Fig 40 Configuration menu ...

Страница 89: ...o to CONFIGURATION Modem type to modify the modem settings Different options are available specified in the following table Number Description 01 Anl CDMA Maxon by Maxon for CDMA wireless networks 02 Kintech GSM 03 GSM SIEMENS GSM modem by Siemens 05 CDMA MULTITECH by Multichech for CDMA wireless networks 06 Iridium Sat external satellite modem by Iridium 07 BGAN direct com 12 Kintech GPRS Table 9...

Страница 90: ...RATION Modbus RTU to select among different Modbus options specified in the following table Number Description 22 MODBUS 9600 bps 23 MODBUS 19200 bps 24 MODBUS 38400 bps 25 MODBUS 57600 bps 26 MODBUS 115200 bps 27 MODBUS Suzlon 28 MODBUS Enercon 9600 bps 29 MODBUS Enercon 19200 bps 30 MODBUS Enercon 38400 bps ...

Страница 91: ...g errors or maintenance misunderstandings This unique ID number is called site ID and it is always visible in the upper central part of the display no matter the screen refer to section 7 3 1 The site ID parameter consists of three variables each being a two digit number Go to CONFIGURATION Area Number 0 99 to edit the first two digits of the site ID number Fig 43 Configuration Area number ...

Страница 92: ...ber Fig 44 Configuration Location number 7 5 6 5 Tower number Go to CONFIGURATION Tower Number 0 99 to edit the two third digits of the site ID number Fig 45 Configuration Tower number 7 5 6 6 Num 1 2 Go to CONFIGURATION Num 1 2 to edit the two first digits of the SIM PIN code Due to security reasons two asterisks will be shown instead of the actual number ...

Страница 93: ...ATION Num 3 4 to edit the two second digits of the SIM PIN code Fig 47 Configuration Num 3 4 Remark If the logger introduces an incorrect SIM PIN code three times the SIM card will be blocked To unblock the SIM card insert it into a normal mobile phone and enter the PUK code and then the correct PIN code ...

Страница 94: ... four languages available for the logger menus Number Language 00 English 01 Español 02 Français 03 Português Fig 48 Configuration Language 7 5 6 9 Flags configuration Reserved operation Do not edit unless assisted by Kintech Engineering 7 5 6 10Mode Reserved operation Do not edit unless assisted by Kintech Engineering ...

Страница 95: ...of the available channels can be individually and accordingly configured as shown in the following lists These lists include most of the sensors known in the wind and solar energy sector However if you are planning to connect sensors to the data logger that are not listed in our software or on the display ofthe logger please contact out technical support department for validation of the sensor you...

Страница 96: ...LED 01 MAXIMUM 40 40H m s 02 Young 3102 m s 03 Vector A100R_S m s 04 RISO P2546 m s 05 NRG ICEFREE m s 06 THIES_4 3515 30 m s 16 Rain Gauge 0 2mm mm 17 Rain Gauge 0 1mm mm 21 Young 05103 m s 22 THIES First Class m s 23 Vector A100LK m s 24 Vaisala WAA252 m s 25 Ornytion 107H Optic m s 26 Metone m s ...

Страница 97: ...KINTECH ENGINEERING ORBIT 360 USER GUIDE 95 27 THIES FC Advanced m s 28 Hertz Hz 29 Pressure K611P B mBar 30 Kriwan INT10 m s 31 Vector A100LM m s 32 Geovane True North ...

Страница 98: ...ure EOL 307 C 03 Temperature Young 41342VC C 04 Temperature NRG 110S C 05 Temperature GALLTEC KPC 1 5 C 06 Temperature Vaisala HMP45A C 07 Temperature C 08 Temperature C CELL SI V10 C 11 Windvane Ornytion 207 12 Windvane NRG THIES 10K 13 Windvane Young 03001 14 Windvane Vector W200P 15 Windvane Young 05103 16 Windvane THIES 2K ...

Страница 99: ...peller 270105 m s 25 Anemometer THIES Ultrasonic Coordinate X m s 26 Anemometer THIES Ultrasonic Coordinate Y m s 27 Anemometer THIES Ultrasonic Coordinate Z m s 31 Pressure SETRA 276 800 1100 mBar 32 Pressure Vaisala PTB100 mBar 33 Pressure NRG BP20 mBar 34 Pressure SETRA 276 600 1100 mBar 37 Humidity GALLTEC KPC 1 5 38 Humidity Vaisala HMP45 39 Humidity 42 Radiation Thermopile W m ...

Страница 100: ... Level Bruel KJAER dBA 51 Analyzer Bieler Lang PPM 54 General A1 55 General A2 60 Geovane True North 61 Geovane Tilt X 62 Geovane Tilt Y Remark Serial Inputs need to be configured in Atlas software since they cannot be setup via keypad 7 5 8 TIME DATE This menu allows the configuration of hour minute day month and year applied to the timestamp of the data register ...

Страница 101: ...al on site configurations are carried out bymeans ofthe logger SD card Once youare done with the configuration of your logger in Atlas you need to export those settings to the SD memory card that is going to be later inserted in the logger by carrying out the following procedure 1 Insert the SD memory card in your computer s MMC card reader 2 In Atlas access the Site Window of the logger whose con...

Страница 102: ... the SIM card of the Orbit 360 and the new SIM card has a different PIN code that the current one the new PIN code can be be configured in the data logger Follow the below steps to carry out such replacement 1 Turn off the Orbit 360 by removing the orange plug If the logger features internal backup batteries press simultaneously UP SET DOWN after removing the main power supply to turn it off ...

Страница 103: ...rd 8 Turn on the logger Remark APN parameters can only be modified by using the Atlas software and uploading the new settings to the SD card 7 6 2 Sensor replacement If a sensor replacement alters the sensor s model the logger s channel should be reconfigured To do it directly from the logger s keypad the installer needs to follow the below navigation steps 1 Press SET at the logger s keypad to tu...

Страница 104: ...hange 7 6 3 Downloading from SD card You can take out the SD card from the logger at any time by gently pushing it in until it clicks as described in Fig 52 Fig 52 How to take out the SD card Removing the SD card does not stop any of the logger tasks When the logger detects that the SD card has been released from its memory holder it will show on display the instructions to begin a new storage cyc...

Страница 105: ...orage cycle means that the logger will record the future data from the beginning of the memory overwriting the existing data of the previous storage cycle The old storage cycle data will no longer be available Fig 54 Display storage cycle instructions Fig 55 Display new storage cycle screen ...

Страница 106: ...with the data logger real time connection remote data download upload new configurations to the logger etc 2 Real time data password on a second level the real time data password locks this type of connections It must be noted that the full access password does not restrict real time connections with the purpose of allowing the installer or maintenance teams verify any on site operations carried o...

Страница 107: ...pe of passwords full access and real time need to be uploaded to the logger to take effect for they are used by the logger to block incoming connections 8 2 Atlas passwords The data password does not to be uploaded to the data logger since it is embedded into the raw data files log ...

Страница 108: ...lder and the modem status LED are located in prominent positions of the front panel of the logger The GSM antenna connector for its part can be found at the right area of bottom side of the box together with the GPS antenna connector The built in modem of the Orbit 360 data logger consist of a penta band GSM GPRS 3G modems with 2G fallback 9 1 1 Internet All GSM operators allow access to the GPRS ...

Страница 109: ...ess the logger shows INET in the upper right corner of the display Then the logger initiates a connection to the LNS toupdate its IP address in the table After that the INET sign turns into ONLINE indicating that the logger is ready for incoming connections from Atlas When Atlas wants to connect to a particular logger it firstly asks to the LNS what the IP of that particular logger is of that seri...

Страница 110: ...difficulties to acquire local SIM cards with the optimal settings and local GPRS 3G coverage The need for a more effective way to handle this has motivated our engineers to come up with a solution for a single SIM card that offers internet connection to your data loggers and works in practically all countries worldwide A single SIM card that checks for all the available local GPRS 3G signals and a...

Страница 111: ...sed before Dec 2016 please contact us directly on m2m kintech engineering com 9 1 2 Modem call CSD Some GSM service providers offer data exchange communications through a GSM call made from one GSM modem located at the office to the built in GSM modem of the Orbit 360 This service is usually called CSD Circuit Switched Data GSM data reception or 2G data communication To perform this type of commun...

Страница 112: ... new GSM line check the related chapter CSD technology which was cutting edge in the past has now become outdated by internet connectivity After 2010 many telecommunication carriers dropped support for CSD and CSD has been superseded by GPRS and EDGE E GPRS As a matter of fact Kintech Global SIM cards are intended for internet connection only and they do not support modem calls 9 1 3 SMS The SMS t...

Страница 113: ...sical unit for each input Example Sit 990003 06 23 15 07 2010 Bat 13 6V Status OK m s 9 5 9 4 9 0 9 5 Dir 264 307 Analog 18C 907mbar 0 3m s 63 9 1 4 Email The Orbit 360 data logger can be set up to send data via email For the logger to be able to send emails you have to configure the following parameters Email frequency Email frequency can be set to a range from one to seven days Time The time at ...

Страница 114: ...han the SMSreports but includingits IP address and TCP port waiting for connections The e mail subject will be site name space year month and day of the logger at the time the e mail is sent The file name format is ID site number underscore year month day underscore hour minute second It will have extension elog At any time it is possible to remotely order the logger to send an e mail with the dat...

Страница 115: ...its good performance is in www yahoo com An example of how to setup a yahoo account SMTP Server smtp mail yahoo com SMTP Port 25 SMTP User Name whateveruserIsetup yahoo com email address SMTP Password mypassword email account password 9 2 Satellite Kintech Engineering offers two alternative satellite solutions Iridium and BGAN Either solution enables you to connect with data loggers installed in l...

Страница 116: ...the data and another one installed on the roof of your office connected to the PC running Atlas central modem The 9522B modem is Iridium s 2nd generation satellite transceiver and offers a comprehensive and reliable worldwide coverage It is ideal for sending and receiving voice and data from equipment everywhere on the planet It functionally supports all of Iridium s voice and data services and ea...

Страница 117: ...Characteristics Meant for wind resource assessment met masts Consumption is measured in minutes Central modem needed One connection at a time provided a single central modem to connect to all the loggers 66 non geostationary satellites no need for on site antenna orientation ...

Страница 118: ...cable entry facing the ground The antenna needs to have the greater open sky visibility possible with the only interruption of the tower structure We recommend the boom for the antenna to be long enough for instance 1 5m The Iridium modem needs to be connected to the Ext Com RS 232 terminals 44 and 43 The modem can be powered directly from the logger terminals 46 and 45 ...

Страница 119: ...0 USER GUIDE 117 Fig 61 Iridium antenna for satellite connection The following diagrams illustrate how to connect the IRIDIUM S antenna and modem to the Orbit 360 data logger Fig 62 Iridium satellite connection diagram logger side ...

Страница 120: ...cedure slightly different from the previous one This time the modem is powered by a 12V power supply and has to be connected to a computer that includes the Atlas software Fig 63 Iridium satellite connection diagram office side 9 2 2 BGAN The BGAN satellite module enables remote bi directional communication with your Orbit 360 data logger using your existing office internet connection This means t...

Страница 121: ...stem when operating a large number of towers The BGAN satellite system requires satellite data service Select one of the data packages that Kintech Engineering offers depending on data logger settings sensor configuration and download frequency Fig 64 BGAN satellite modem logger side 9 2 2 1 Characteristics Meant for solar stations or wind resource met masts with heavy data traffic Consumption in ...

Страница 122: ...riented to a particular position that depends on the exact location Detailed instructions are provided together with the purchased equipment The BGAN modem needs to be connected to the Ext Com RS 232 terminals 44 and 43 The modem can be powered directly from the logger terminals 46 and 46 Fig 66 Direct COM terminals 44 and 43 ...

Страница 123: ...Although it is not really necessary for the normal use of the Orbit 360 data logger a direct COM communication is available over the RS 232 terminals located at the Ext COM section terminals 44 and 43 Fig 68 Direct COM terminals 44 and 43 All the usual functions such as download real time connections uploading of logger settings are also available via Direct COM ...

Страница 124: ...and power supplies as well as the communications settings 9 5 Internet troubleshooting In case the data logger s telemetry is set to INTERNET and it is not working properly then the next steps should help identify the issues 1 Power on the logger and check if the display turns on and its red led modem is blinking 2 Go to Quick View to check that all sensors show plausible information 3 Check the c...

Страница 125: ... is shown on the logger s screen then carefully revise the APN and PIN settings as well as the SIM card connection and functionality 6 To check telemetry hardware status turn the data logger on and navigate to STATUS MODEM and check how large the two digit number that is followed by the letter e gets Fig 70 Logger display status modem e04 logger online The following list determines the status repr...

Страница 126: ...ding data to LNS ONLINE E3 4 IP address has been updated to LNS showing signal strength in display Fig 71 Modem status codes list If the email is programmed on the logger it will follow the following status Indication code Status E112 Connecting to SMTP outgoing e mail server E113 Receiving data from SMTP and type of authentication E114 Setting if there is authentication Maximum status if SMTP use...

Страница 127: ...AN is not shown on upper right corner check the power and data cable connection from logger to modem as well as verify that the modem has been correctly configured 4 If no coverage bars are shown then check antenna orientation antenna cable proper connections with special attention to the status of antenna cable connectors Also make sure that the satellite s plan package is active at least for 24h...

Страница 128: ... all of the remote access options to the data logger The logger is the entire time ready for both local and remote communication The remote communication will notstop the local communication although depending on the CPU load and the total amount of traffic on both interfaces the remote connection could eventually delay some response on local connection for one second Both local and remote operati...

Страница 129: ... to set up the response time out to 4000 milliseconds The Modbus map of variables cannot be set up by the user so the user can set up the variables to send through Modbus but cannot set up the addresses that they will take Depending on your configuration of Modbus variables there is a specific map of variables with specific Modbus addresses starting at address 40001 Addresses from 40001 to 40013 c...

Страница 130: ...US RTU RS485 for the reading of the whole collection of holding registers set up in the logger configuration for Modbus operation It is not possible to query a portion of the variables Modbus registers i e all the set up variables must be read at the same time The serial communication format is 8 data bits no parity bit and one stop bit The baud rate can be set up to the following values ...

Страница 131: ...sible to connect to the same communication lines an indefinite number of loggers using different slave numbers Each data logger will have the Modbus slave address given by the identification configuration parameter target i e the last two digits of the site number So when the slave N holding register read is requested the logger with target N will respond and other data loggers will ignore that re...

Страница 132: ...0 ID 501 0 2 40003 41480000 Bat 12 5 3 40005 41800000 Hour 16 0 4 40007 41B00000 Minute 22 0 5 40009 41D00000 Day 26 0 6 40011 41200000 Month 10 0 7 40013 40E00000 Year 7 0 8 40015 00000000 v1 instantaneous 0 0 9 40017 00000000 v1 average 0 0 10 40019 00000000 TI30_1 0 0 11 40021 00000000 variance10_1 0 0 12 40023 00000000 V1 max 0 0 13 40025 00000000 v1 min 0 0 14 40027 00000000 V2 instantaneous ...

Страница 133: ... 30 40059 42500000 HR instantaneous 52 0 31 40061 42500000 HR average 52 0 32 40063 444E0000 Pressure instantaneous 824 0 33 40065 444E0000 pres average 824 0 34 40067 00000000 Ane vertical instantaneous 0 0 35 40069 00000000 Ane vertical average 0 0 36 D354 CRC D354 Table 12 Typical Modbus configuration That corresponds to the following 01038C800043FA0000414800004180000041B0000041D000004120000040...

Страница 134: ...ERING ORBIT 360 USER GUIDE 132 10 2 Modbus RTU troubleshooting We suggest starting the tests with the standard modscan32 application with the following settings Fig 75 ModScan configuration Office test for Mobdus RTU ...

Страница 135: ...ust be Galltec KPC1 5 Slope 100 Offset 30 This sensor has to be configured between analog channel 1 and analog channel 5 logger takes the first temperature sensor on this range 40005 pressure sensor This sensor has to be configured between analog channel 1 and analog channel 5 logger takes the first pressure sensor on this range 40006 constant 9999d 40007 humidity sensor This sensor has to be conf...

Страница 136: ...it is not included on the checksum calculation The first telegram starts with t contains timestamp information day month year hour minute second The second telegram values starts with a are s1 anemometer 1 0 1 m s scale 0 m s s2 anemometer 2 0 1 m s scale 2 6 m s s3 anemometer 3 0 1 m s scale 0 m s d1 windvane 1 0 1º scale 88 6º d2 windvane 2 0 1º scale 94 2º h1 humidity sensor this sensor has to ...

Страница 137: ... t 14 11 24 15 38 34 2E If an anemometer were configured in anemometer channel 4 it would be displayed after the radiation sensor s4 anemometer 4 0 1 m s scale a s1 0 s2 39 s3 0 d1 886 d2 900 h1 58 t1 2950 b1 992 r1 1443 s4 0 63 If a pluviometer were configured in anemometer channel 4 it would be displayed after the radiation sensor p1 pluviometer 0 1 mm s scale a s1 0 s2 11 s3 0 d1 886 d2 900 h1 ...

Страница 138: ...USER GUIDE 136 The TCP port used by the logger is the standard one 502 In the case of Modbus TCP it s possible to query only a portion of the variables Modbus registers i e not all the set up variables must be read at the same time ...

Страница 139: ...ata logger Model ORBIT 360 The undersigned does hereby declare that the equipment complies with the following Directives IEC 60950 1 2007 Information technology equipment Safety part 1 general requirements ETSI EN 301489 1V1 8 1 Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio Spectrum Matters ERM Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC standard for radio equipment and services Part 1 Common technical requiremen...

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