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Ratio and delta calculations

With RATIO or DELTA selected from the SCAN OPERATION menu, the Model 2002 can

measure two specified internal scanner channels (reference channel and measure channel) and
then compute the ratio or difference (delta) between them. Valid measurement functions for ratio
and delta include DCV,

Ω

2 and

Ω

Ratio and delta are calculated as follows:

Perform the following steps to perform ratio or delta calculations:

Select and configure ratio or delta as follows. Note that a menu item is selected by plac-
ing the cursor (using

and

keys) on it and pressing ENTER. See MENUS if you

need more information to navigate through the menu structure.

• Press

CONFIG

• Press

SCAN

• Select

RATIO or DELTA

• Select

MEASURE

• Select

CH1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10

• Select

REFERENCE

• Select

CH1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10

• Select

FUNCTION

• Select

DCV,

Ω

2 or

Ω

Use the EXIT key to back out of the menu structure.

Press SCAN to halt triggers (instrument goes into idle).

To start ratio or delta measurements, press SCAN or TRIG. The displayed readings are
the result of the ratio or delta calculation.

To stop ratio or delta measurements, press EXIT.

Ratio

Measure

Reference

------------------------

Delta

Measure

Reference

–

Measurement Options

2-25

Содержание 2002

Страница 1: ...Model 2002Multimeter Getting Started Manual A G R E A T E R M E A S U R E O F C O N F I D E N C E...

Страница 2: ...ast 90 days LIMITATION OF WARRANTY This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from product modification without Keithley s express writ ten consent or misuse of any product or part This warrant...

Страница 4: ...ould incorporate immediately into the manual Addenda are numbered sequentially When a new Revision is created allAddenda associated with the previous Revision of the manual are incorporated into the n...

Страница 5: ...plied to the circuit under test ALWAYS remove power from the entire test system and discharge any capacitors before connecting or disconnecting cables or jumpers installing or removing switching cards...

Страница 6: ...icates that 1000V or more may be present on the terminals Refer to the product manual for detailed operating information Instrumentation and accessories should not be connected to humans Maintenance s...

Страница 7: ...us 2 6 Relative 2 10 Trigger 2 11 Speed 2 14 Resolution 2 15 Filter 2 16 Buffer Data Store 2 18 Math 2 20 Internal scanning 2 22 External scanning 2 26 3 IEEE 488 Bus Operation Software support 3 2 IE...

Страница 8: ...1 FrontPanel Operation...

Страница 9: ...asurements from 100n to 2 1M Frequency measurements from 1Hz to 15MHz RTD temperature measurements from 200 C to 630 C Thermocouple temperature measurements with optional card from 200 C to 1820 C Fig...

Страница 10: ...e capabilities of the Model 2002 are extended as follows Scan internal channels Model 2001 SCAN Scanner Card or Model 2001 TCSCAN Thermocouple Scanner Card Perform thermocouple temperature measurement...

Страница 11: ...TORS ERR Questionable reading REM In remote TALK Addressed to talk LSTN Addressed to listen SRQ Service Request REAR Reading acquired from rear inputs REL Relative reading displayed FILT Digital filte...

Страница 12: ...EEE 488 remote CHAN Selects internal scanner channel to measure 1 10 SCAN Performs scan of internal or external scanner channels or ratio or delta CONFIG Configures functions and operations MENU Saves...

Страница 13: ...RNAL TRIGGER INPUT MADE IN U S A METER COMPLETE OUTPUT INPUT 1100V PEAK 350V PEAK 500V PEAK AMPS 2A MAX AMPS FUSE 2A 250V DIGITAL I O TRIGGER LINK IN OUT SENSE 4 WIRE HI LO LINE RATING 90 134VAC 180 2...

Страница 14: ...0 or 400Hz self identifying at power up WARNING Connect to grounded outlet using 3 wire power cord 4 LINE FUSE 0 5A 250V slow blow 5 20mm 5 OPTION SLOT An option card installs in this slot 6 AMPS FUSE...

Страница 15: ...ple a reading of 1 0000e 03VDC is interpreted as 1mVDC Power up Warning Before turning on the Model 2002 make sure it is connected to a grounded power receptacle using the supplied power cord or the e...

Страница 16: ...ot blinking press the key until it is blinking and then press ENTER to view the setup menu SETUP MENU SAVE RESTORE POWERON RESET 3 Select the RESET option and press ENTER to view the reset menu RESET...

Страница 17: ...may occur 5 Observe the display If the Over o w message is displayed select a higher range until a normal reading is displayed Use the lowest possible range for the best resolution 6 Take a reading fr...

Страница 18: ...ange consistent with the expected current 4 Connect test leads to the source as shown in Figure 5 CAUTION Do not apply more than 2 1A 250V to the input or the amps fuse will blow 5 Observe the display...

Страница 19: ...that autoranging is enabled If you want manual rang ing use the RANGE and keys to select a measurement range consistent with the expected resistance 4 Connect test leads to the resistance as shown in...

Страница 20: ...Source current flows from the INPUT HI to INPUT LO terminals Figure 6 Two and four wire resistance measurements 2001 MULTIMETER 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 EDIT ERR REM TALK LSTN SRQ REA...

Страница 21: ...in Figure 7 top CAUTION Do not exceed 1100V peak between INPUT HI and INPUT LO or instru ment damage may occur 4 Take a reading from the display The procedure for measuring frequency with the AMPS and...

Страница 22: ...r level The AUTO range key returns the trigger level or 0V or 0mA Figure 7 Frequency measurements AC voltage input AC current input 2001 MULTIMETER 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 EDIT ERR R...

Страница 23: ...al Model 8680 RTD Probe Adapter with the front inputs Place the INPUTS button in the appropriate position RTDs can also be connected to the optional Model 2001 SCAN scanner card 2 Select the TEMP func...

Страница 24: ...ARM TRIG SMPL Model 2002 Platinum RTD Sense 4 wire HI Input HI Input LO Sense 4 wire LO 1 2 3 4 Sense 4 wire HI Input HI Sense 4 wire LO Input LO WARNING To avoid a shock hazard and possible instrume...

Страница 25: ...1 18 Front Panel Operation...

Страница 26: ...2 Measurement Options...

Страница 27: ...e displays by using the bottom line of the front panel These multiple displays provide multiple type measurements show a reading in a different form or give additional information about the reading A...

Страница 28: ...ak spikes AC RMS voltage frequency and crest factor AC RMS average and peak voltages none specific to function AC RMS or average current and frequency AC RMS and average current Source current Voltage...

Страница 29: ...ch full seg ment represents 10 of the limit 2002 MULTIMETER FILT 4W ARM Maximum and Minimum This display shows the maximum and minimum readings that have oc curred since the display was entered Maximu...

Страница 30: ...n the bottom line provides the raw reading 2002 MULTIMETER Buffer These bottom line displays are used when recalling readings from the data store buffer They pro vide the maximum minimum average and s...

Страница 31: ...STATUS MSG GENERAL Save and restore setups stored in memory set power on defaults and return unit to default conditions Check or change IEEE 488 bus address configure unit for talk only operation sel...

Страница 32: ...erations Option Description CONFIG REL CONFIG TRIG CONFIG STORE CONFIG FILTER CONFIG MATH CONFIG CHAN CONFIG SCAN CONFIG NEXT Set rel relative value and enable Configure measure layer scan layer and a...

Страница 33: ...ng menu item or parameter The cursor is moved from one item to the next using the cursor keys and To select an item highlight it with the cursor then press ENTER 5 A displayed arrow and on the bottom...

Страница 34: ...ing key are included in the main menu Use the cursor keys to move the highlighted cursor among menu selections or the digits of a parameter value or change channels on the scanner Use the RANGE keys t...

Страница 35: ...Pressing REL a second time disables rel You can also enter and enable a rel value from the CONFIG REL display A rel value can be established for each measurement function The state and value of rel fo...

Страница 36: ...yers of the model The front panel ARM indicator is off when in idle When the Model 2002 is taken out of idle by pressing TRIG or sending INIT or INIT CONT ON over the bus theARM indicator turns on and...

Страница 37: ...tection is satisfied by pressing the TRIG key GPIB Event detection is satisfied when a bus trigger GET or TRG is received RT Clock Event detection in theArm Layer is satisfied when the programmed time...

Страница 38: ...er would be used to select the next channel in a scan see EXTERNAL SCANNING in the MEASUREMENT OPTIONS section of this manual Counters All three layers use programmable counters that allow operation t...

Страница 39: ...procedure is summarized as follows 1 Press the CONFIG key and then the desired function key DCV ACV etc 2 Using the cursor keys and select SPEED and press ENTER to display the fol lowing speed option...

Страница 40: ...cursor keys and select RESOLUTION and press ENTER to dis play the following resolution options 3 5d to 8 5d Select one of these options to set the display resolution AUTO This option automatically opt...

Страница 41: ...s a percentage of range allows a faster response time to large signal step changes See the User s Manual for complete informa tion on filter types Filter modes There are two filter modes moving or rep...

Страница 42: ...he noise tolerance level 0 to 100 AVERAGING MODE This item is used to select the filter mode MOVING or RE PEAT 3 Use the menu items to configure the filter A menu item is selected by placing the curso...

Страница 43: ...for the desired measurements function range etc 2 Configure the data store as follows Note that a menu item is selected by placing the cur sor using and keys on it and pressing ENTER See MENUS if you...

Страница 44: ...ts autoranging is disabled integration time is set to 0 01 PLC 167 sec resolution is fixed at 4 5 digits buffer data group is set for compact and buffer control is set to fill and stop Perform the fol...

Страница 45: ...to select and configure a math calculation is summarized as follows 1 Press CONFIG and then MATH to display the following math filter menu options NONE Select no calculation when the MATH key is press...

Страница 46: ...ditional math operations In addition to the math performed on single readings described above the Model 2002 has these math operations Math performed on buffered readings maximum and minimum values av...

Страница 47: ...nternal and external refer to Section 2 in the User s Manual and the scanner card instruction manuals NOTE The following steps assume that the Model 2002 is set to the BENCH reset default conditions s...

Страница 48: ...eys and to select INTERNAL and press ENTER Perform the scan Perform the following steps to scan internal channels 1 Press SCAN to display the currently programmed scan count The scan count specifies t...

Страница 49: ...pair on the internal scanner card OPEN ALL CHANNELS Opens all channels on the scanner card 2 Select the desired option and press ENTER Selecting CLOSE CHANNEL prompts you to enter the channel to be cl...

Страница 50: ...item is selected by plac ing the cursor using and keys on it and pressing ENTER See MENUS if you need more information to navigate through the menu structure Press CONFIG Press SCAN Select RATIO or DE...

Страница 51: ...nts as shown in Figure 14 Detailed information on triggers is provided in Section 2 of the User s Manual WARNING NO INTERNAL OPERATOR SERVICABLE PARTS SERVICE BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY WARNING NO IN...

Страница 52: ...FUNCTIONS and press ENTER You can use RANGE keys to check the present function assignment for each external channel b To change a function assignment use the RANGE keys to display the channel and pres...

Страница 53: ...If not already done reset the Model 7001 2 as follows Press MENU Select SAVESETUP Select RESET Select ENTER Select ENTER Use the EXIT key to back out of the menu structure 3 Model 2002 Press ENTER to...

Страница 54: ...ys and Press ENTER to continue 12 Model 2002 You will then be asked if you wish to use the scan timer The timer is used to provide a time interval between each scan If you selectYES enter the interval...

Страница 55: ...3 IEEE 488Bus Operation...

Страница 56: ...simple context This package can be used for acquiring data or can be modified to perform more specialized functions IEEE 488 interfaces supported Capital Equipment Corporation any version v3 01 or la...

Страница 57: ...two standards allow most instrument operations to be performed with the use of command commands and SCPI commands IEEE 488 bus connections The Model 2002 is connected to the IEEE 488 bus using a cabl...

Страница 58: ...ess MENU to display the MAIN MENU 2 Place the cursor on GPIB and press ENTER to display the GPIB PRINT SETUP op tions 3 Place the cursor on ADDRESSABLE and press ENTER to display the primary address 4...

Страница 59: ...4 are valid With MEM2 locations 0 to 9 are valid Example To save the setup to memory location 0 send SAV 0 RCL NRf recall Returns the instrument to the instrument setup saved at the specified memory...

Страница 60: ...able tasks Also since the command set is much larger than that of other instruments finding the right commands to do the job is more difficult Finally SCPI command names are longer than command names...

Страница 61: ...is called a subsystem For example part of the SENSe1 sub system is listed below and shown in Figure 16 SENSe 1 DATA FUNCtion name VOLTage DC RANGE UPPer n AUTO Boolean ONCE REFerence n STATe Boolean...

Страница 62: ...ectory of your computer s hard disk Although the files have the same name they are unique because they are each in a different directory Long and short form commands Every SCPI command has a short for...

Страница 63: ...he instrument to return the latest reading Of course there is no corresponding command to send a reading value into the instrument Default nodes SCPI uses the concept of default nodes Consider the exa...

Страница 64: ...colon it at tempts to interpret the command starting at the level of the previous command unless you pre cede the second command with a colon For example either of the following comand strings program...

Страница 65: ...asurement it simply requests the last available reading MEASure function In general this command places the instrument in the one shot measurement mode ARM indicator off triggers a single measurement...

Страница 66: ...stem DATA FRESh Requests a fresh reading This command will not re quest the same reading twice If a new reading has al ready been triggered this command will wait until the new reading is available CA...

Страница 67: ...commands listed to configure DCV apply COUPling name Specify input coupling AC or DC DETector Path to select AC type FUNCtion name Select AC type RMS AVERage PEAK LFRMs NPEak or PPEak PWINdow n Specif...

Страница 68: ...60 of max signal level TTL Set threshold to TTL level TEMPerature Path to configure TEMP RTD DCV commands DCV commands except RANGe apply TRANsducer name Select transducer RTD FRTD or TCouple RTD Path...

Страница 69: ...ED name Select reading source SENSe CALCulate or NONE CONTrol name Select control mode and enable buffer NEVer NEXT ALWays or PRETrigger Note See User s Manual to use PRETrigger Open close channels an...

Страница 70: ...the Trigger Subsystem INITiate IMMediate Take the instrument out of idle ARM indicator on CONTinuous b Enable or disable continuous initiation ABORt Reset trigger system Instrument stays in idle if co...

Страница 71: ...d the Operation Event Register When an event register is read a decimal value is sent to the computer The binary equivalent determines which bits in the register are set For example a decimal value of...

Страница 72: ...r instruments a sin gle number was used to denote each range The parameter of the SCPI RANGecommand is given as the maximum value to measure The instrument interprets this parameter and goes to the ap...

Страница 73: ...L SEND 16 rst status Set range for each function to measure CALL SEND 16 volt dc rang 1 status CALL SEND 16 volt ac rang 20 status CALL SEND 16 res rang 10e3 status Switch to DC volts and take reading...

Страница 74: ...lly arm the Model 2002 for triggers The following program sets up the Model 2002 to take one reading each time it receives an external trigger pulse Example program to demonstrate one shot external tr...

Страница 75: ...as address 21 CALL initialize 21 0 Reset controls in INIT ARM LAY1 ARM LAY2 and TRIG subsystems and put trigger model in IDLE state CALL SEND 16 rst status RST sets TRIG SOUR to IMM CALL SEND 16 arm...

Страница 76: ...LAY1 ARM LAY2 and TRIG subsystems and put trigger model in IDLE state CALL SEND 16 rst status RST sets TRIG SOUR to IMM CALL SEND 16 arm lay2 sour ext status CALL SEND 16 trig coun inf sour tim tim 05...

Страница 77: ...r the Model 2002 to indicate that the buffer is full This is not a complete program Not shown are the commands to configure the trigger model and the reading buffer see the next example The example sh...

Страница 78: ...CALCulate1 math post processing TRACe FEED SENSe1 store unprocessed readings TRACe FEED CALCualte1 store math processed readings Select buffer control mode TRACe FEED CONTrol NEVer immediately stop st...

Страница 79: ...16 stat pres cls status CALL SEND 16 stat meas enab 512 status enable BFL CALL SEND 16 sre 1 status enable MSB CALL SEND 16 trig coun 20 status TRACe subsystem is not affected by RST CALL SEND 16 trac...

Страница 80: ...re taking a reading There is a fundamental difference in the instrument s behavior in these two approaches In the scan list a measurement function is bound to each channel so that when the next chan n...

Страница 81: ...in IDLE state set function to DCV CALL SEND 16 rst status Close channel 1 take DC voltage reading CALL SEND 16 rout clos 1 read status reading SPACE 80 CALL ENTER reading length 16 status PRINT readi...

Страница 82: ...reads the readings from the buffer Example program to demonstrate using the scan list For QuickBASIC 4 5 and CEC PC488 interface card Edit the following line to where the QuickBASIC libraries are on...

Страница 83: ...LL SEND 16 rout scan func 1 volt dc status CALL SEND 16 rout scan func 2 volt ac status CALL SEND 16 rout scan func 3 res status CALL SEND 16 rout lsel int status Start everything CALL SEND 16 init st...

Страница 84: ...4 Specsand Accessories...

Страница 85: ...ns are given as relative accuracies To obtain absolute accuracies the ab solute uncertainties of the calibration sources must be added to the relative accuracies The ab solute uncertainties for the ca...

Страница 86: ...URACY ppm accuracy 10 000 1PPM OF RANGE 20 counts for ranges up to 200V and 10 counts on 1000V range at 7 digits KEITHLEY FACTORY CALIBRATION UNCERTAINTY RANGE ppm of reading 200 mV 3 2 2 V 3 2 20 V 2...

Страница 87: ...CURACY ppm accuracy 10 000 1PPM OF RANGE 20 counts for ranges up to 200M and 10 counts on 1G range at 7 digits KEITHLEY FACTORY CALIBRATION UNCERTAINTY RANGE ppm of reading 20 29 5 200 7 7 2 k 6 4 20...

Страница 88: ...0 015 2 A 0 35 0 015 0 2 0 015 0 3 0 015 0 45 0 015 1 5 0 015 4 0 015 1 Specifications apply for sinewave input AC DC coupling 1 power line cycle autozero on digital filter off following 55 minute wa...

Страница 89: ...EAD RESISTANCE 100 TEMPERATURE Thermocouple THERMO COUPLE TYPE RANGE RESOLUTION ACCURACY1 J 200 to 760 C 0 001 C 0 5 C K 200 to 1372 C 0 001 C 0 5 C T 200 to 400 C 0 001 C 0 5 C E 200 to 1000 C 0 001...

Страница 90: ...Time to Perform 40 minutes for comprehensive calibration 6 minutes for AC only calibration PROCESS MIL STD 45662A PHYSICAL Case Dimensions 90mm high 214mm wide 369mm deep 3 in 8 in 14 in Working Dime...

Страница 91: ...in rack General purpose probes 1600A High Voltage Probe not UL approved 1651 50A Current Shunt not UL approved 1682A RF Probe not UL approved 1685 Clamp On AC Current Probe not UL approved 1751 Safety...

Страница 92: ...boards including digital boards analog board cables and fuses Four wire probes 5805 Kelvin Probes Dual Pin Type 0 9m 3 ft 5805 12 Kelvin Probes Dual Pin Type 3 7m 12 ft 5806 Kelvin Clip Lead Set 0 9m...

Страница 93: ...r 1 7 IEEE 488 2 3 3 Input connections 1 5 1 7 Inputs 1 5 Internal scanning 2 22 L Line fuse 1 7 Long form 3 8 M Main menu 2 6 Manuals 4 9 Math 2 20 Measurement ranges 1 2 Menus 2 6 2 8 Model 1801 Nan...

Страница 94: ...Software support 3 2 Specifications 4 2 Speed 2 14 SRQ 3 23 Status register 3 17 T Temperature measurements 1 16 Thermocouples 1 16 Trigger 2 11 Trigger level 1 15 Trigger link 1 7 4 8 Trigger model...

Страница 95: ...1 60 11 77 26 GERMANY Landsberger Strasse 65 82110 Germering 089 84 93 07 40 Fax 089 84 93 07 34 GREAT BRITAIN Unit 2 Commerce Park Brunel Road Theale Berkshire RG7 4AB 0118 929 7500 Fax 0118 929 7519...

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