Kaisai KPPD Series, Руководство пользователя

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Warnings(for using R290/R32 refrigerant only)
1.Transport of equipment containing flammable refrigerants
See transport regulations
2.Marking of equipment using signs
See local regulations
3.Disposal of equipment using flammable refrigerants
See national regulations.
4.Storage of equipment/appliances
The storage of equipment should be in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions.
5.Storage of packed (unsold) equipment
Storage package protection should be constructed such
that mechanical damage to the equipment inside the
package will not cause a leak of the refrigerant charge.
The maximum number of pieces of equipment permitted to
be stored together will be determined by local regulations.
6.Information on servicing
1)Checks to the area
Prior to beginning work on systems containing flammable
refrigerants, safety checks are necessary to ensure that the
risk of ignition is minimised. For repair to the refrigerating
system, the following precautions shall be complied with
prior to conducting work on the system.
2)Work procedure
Work shall be undertaken under a controlled procedure so
as to minimise the risk of a flammable gas or vapour being
present while the work is being performed.
3)General work area
All maintenance staff and others working in the local area
shall be instructed on the nature of work being carried out.
Work in confined spaces shall be avoided. The area
around the workspace shall be sectioned off. Ensure that
the conditions within the area have been made safe by
control of flammable material.
4)Checking for presence of refrigerant
The area shall be checked with an appropriate refrigerant
detector prior to and during work, to ensure the technician
is aware of potentially flammable atmospheres. Ensure
that the leak detection equipment being used is suitable
for use with flammable refrigerants,
i.e. non-sparking, adequately sealed or intrinsically safe.
5)Presence of fire extinguisher
If any hot work is to be conducted on the refrigeration
equipment or any associated parts, appropriate fire
extinguishing equipment shall be available to hand. Have
a dry powder or CO2 fire extinguisher adjacent to the
charging area.
6)No ignition sources
No person carrying out work in relation to a refrigeration
system which involves exposing any pipe work that
contains or has contained
flammable refrigerant shall use any sources of ignition in
such a manner that it may lead to the risk of fire or
explosion. All possible ignition sources, including cigarette
smoking, should be kept sufficiently far away from the site
of installation, repairing, removing and disposal, during
which flammable refrigerant can possibly be released to the
surrounding space. Prior to work taking place, the area
around the equipment is to be surveyed to make sure that
there are no flammable hazards or ignition risks. No
Smoking signs shall be displayed.
7)Ventilated area
Ensure that the area is in the open or that it is adequately
ventilated before breaking into the system or conducting
any hot work. A degree of ventilation shall continue during
the period that the work is carried out. The ventilation
should safely disperse any released refrigerant and
preferably expel it externally into the atmosphere.
8)Checks to the refrigeration equipment
Where electrical components are being changed, they shall
be fit for the purpose and to the correct specification. At all
times the manufacturer's maintenance and service
guidelines shall be followed. If in doubt consult the
manufacturer's technical department for assistance. The
following checks shall be applied to installations using
flammable refrigerants:
The charge size is in accordance with the room size within
which the refrigerant containing parts are installed;
The ventilation machinery and outlets are operating
adequately and are not obstructed;
If an indirect refrigerating circuit is being used, the
secondary circuit shall be checked for the presence of
refrigerant; Marking to the equipment continues to be
visible and legible. Markings and signs that are illegible
shall be corrected;
Refrigeration pipe or components are installed in a
position where they are unlikely to be exposed to any
substance which may corrode refrigerant containing
components, unless the components are constructed of
materials which are inherently resistant to being corroded
or are suitably protected against being so corroded.
9)Checks to electrical devices
Repair and maintenance to electrical components shall
include initial safety checks and component inspection
procedures. If a fault exists that could compromise safety,
then no electrical supply shall be connected to the circuit
until it is satisfactorily dealt with. If the fault cannot be
corrected immediately but it is necessary to continue
operation, an adequate temporary solution shall be used.
This shall be reported to the owner of the equipment so
all parties are advised.
Initial safety checks shall include:
That capacitors are discharged: this shall be done in a
safe manner to avoid possibility of sparking;
That there no live electrical components and wiring are
exposed while charging, recovering or purging the system;
That there is continuity of earth bonding.
7.Repairs to sealed components
1)During repairs to sealed components, all electrical
supplies shall be disconnected from the equipment being
worked upon prior to any removal of sealed covers, etc. If it
isabsolutely necessary to have an electrical supply to
equipment during servicing, then a permanently operating
form of leak detection shall be located at the most critical
point to warn of a potentially hazardous situation.
2)Particular attention shall be paid to the following to ensure
that by working on electrical components, the casing is not
altered in such a way that the level of protection is affected.
This shall include damage to cables, excessive number of
connections, terminals not made to original specification,
damage to seals, incorrect fitting of glands, etc.
Ensure that apparatus is mounted securely.
Ensure that seals or sealing materials have not degraded
such that they no longer serve the purpose of preventing the
ingress of flammable atmospheres. Replacement parts shall
be in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications.
NOTE: The use of silicon sealant may inhibit the
effectiveness of some types of leak detection
equipment. Intrinsically safe components do not have to
be isolated prior to working on them.
8.Repair to intrinsically safe components
Do not apply any permanent inductive or capacitance
loads to the circuit without ensuring that this will not
exceed the permissible voltage and current permitted for
the equipment in use. Intrinsically safe components are
the only types that can be worked on while live in the
presence of a flammable atmosphere. The test apparatus
shall be at the correct rating. Replace components only
with parts specified by the manufacturer. Other parts may
result in the ignition of refrigerant in the atmosphere from
a leak.
9.Cabling
Check that cabling will not be subject to wear, corrosion,
excessive pressure, vibration, sharp edges or any other
adverse environmental effects. The check shall also take
into account the effects of aging or continual vibration
from sources such as compressors or fans.
10.Detection of flammable refrigerants
Under no circumstances shall potential sources of ignition
be used in the searching for or detection of refrigerant
leaks. A halide torch (or any other detector using a naked
flame) shall not be used.
11.Leak detection methods
he following leak detection methods are deemed
acceptable for systems containing flammable refrigerants.
Electronic leak detectors shall be used to detect flammable
refrigerants, but the sensitivity may not be adequate, or
Warnings(for using R290/R32 refrigerant only)
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may need re-calibration. (Detection equipment shall be
calibrated in a refrigerant-free area.) Ensure that the
detector is not a potential source of ignition and is suitable
for the refrigerant used. Leak detection equipment shall be
set at a percentage of the LFL of the refrigerant and shall be
calibrated to the refrigerant employed and the appropriate
percentage of gas (25 % maximum) is confirmed. Leak
detection fluids are suitable for use with most refrigerants
but the use of detergents containing chlorine shall be
avoided as the chlorine may react with the refrigerant and
corrode the copper pipe-work. If a leak is suspected, all
naked flames shall be removed/ extinguished. If a leakage
of refrigerant is found which requires brazing, all of the
refrigerant shall be recovered from the system, or isolated
(by means of shut off valves) in a part of the system remote
from the leak. Oxygen free nitrogen (OFN) shall then be
purged through the system both before and during the
brazing process.
12.Removal and evacuation
When breaking into the refrigerant circuit to make repairs
or for any other purpose conventional procedures shall be
used. However, it is important that best practice is followed
since flammability is a consideration. The following
procedure shall be adhered to:
Remove refrigerant;
Purge the circuit with inert gas;
Evacuate;
Purge again with inert gas;
Open the circuit by cutting or brazing.
The refrigerant charge shall be recovered into the correct
recovery cylinders. The system shall be flushed with OFN
to render the unit safe. This process may need to be
repeated several times. Compressed air or oxygen shall
not be used for this task.
Flushing shall be achieved by breaking the vacuum in the
system with OFN and continuing to fill until the working
pressure is achieved, then venting to atmosphere, and
finally pulling down to a vacuum. This process shall be
repeated until no refrigerant is within the system. When
the final OFN charge is used, the system shall be vented
down to atmospheric pressure to enable work to take
place. This operation is absolutely vital if brazing
operations on the pipe-work are to take place.
Ensure that the outlet for the vacuum pump is not close to
any ignition sources and there is ventilation available.
13.Charging procedures
In addition to conventional charging procedures, the
following requirements shall be followed.
Ensure that contamination of different refrigerants does
not occur when using charging equipment. Hoses or lines
shall be as short as possible to minimise the amount of
refrigerant contained in them.
Cylinders shall be kept upright.
Ensure that the refrigeration system is earthed prior to
charging the system with refrigerant.
Label the system when charging is complete (if not already).
EN
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