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Instrument Flight Rules (IFR)

Intersection (INT): A point defined by any combination
of courses, radials, or bearings of two or more navigational
aids.

K

Knot (kt): A unit of speed equal to one nautical mile per
hour.

L

Latitude (lat): Any line circling the earth parallel to the
equator, measured in degrees, minutes, and seconds north
and south of the equator.

Longitude (lon): Any line from the north to the south pole,
measured in degrees, minutes, and seconds of a circle, east
or west of the Prime Meridian (Greenwich, England).

M

Magnetic North: The region, some distance from the
geographic north pole where the earth’s magnetic lines
concentrate. A magnetic compass points to the magnetic
north.

Magnetic Variation (Mag Var): The angle between the
magnetic and true north. At various points on the earth it is
different due to local magnetic disturbances. It is shown on
charts as isogonic lines marked with degrees of variation,
either east or west. These degrees must be added to or
subtracted from the true course to get the magnetic course.
(Easterly variations are deducted, and westerly variations
are added.)

Map Datum: A mathematical model of the earth used for
the purpose of creating navigation charts and maps.

Meter (m): A metric distance measurement equal to 39.37
inches.

Minute: 1/60th of a degree.

P/N 560-0119-00

A-3

Apollo 360 Map Display

Glossary of Navigation Terms

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Содержание Apollo 360 MAP

Страница 1: ...Apollo 360 Map Display User s Guide II Morrow Inc 2345 Turner Road S E Salem Oregon 97309 November 1996 P N 560 0119 00 ...

Страница 2: ... of II Morrow Inc Apollo is a registered trademark of II Morrow Inc 1996 by II Morrow Inc All rights reserved Printed in the U S A II Morrow Inc Consumer Products Division 2345 Turner Road S E Salem OR 97302 U S A Toll Free 800 525 6726 Canada Toll Free 800 654 3415 FAX 503 364 2138 International 503 391 3411 P N 560 0119 00 Apollo 360 Map Display ...

Страница 3: ...f Revisions November 1996 Original Release Ordering Information To receive additional copies of this publication order part 560 0119 00 Apollo 360 Map Display User s Guide P N 560 0119 00 Apollo 360 Map Display ...

Страница 4: ...ended that a more thorough knowledge of how to use the Apollo 360 is gained before using it as a navigation aid Here is a brief summary of information presented in each section and appendix Section 1 n An introduction to operating the Apollo 360 Map Display with a description of the function keys knobs and useful features Section 2 n A listing of the steps necessary to begin using the Apollo Map D...

Страница 5: ...Appendix B n troubleshooting guide explaining what to do if the display fails to operate properly Appendix C n Summary of features ii P N 560 0119 00 About This Manual Apollo 360 Map Display ...

Страница 6: ... versatile and valuable navigation aid Contacting the Factory Our staff of service technicians is available to assist you with any operational difficulties you may experience or to answer questions about your Apollo 360 Contact the factory anytime from 8 00 A M until 5 00 P M Pacific time Monday through Friday excluding holidays II Morrow Inc Technical Service Department 2345 Turner Road S E Salem...

Страница 7: ...le free operation when you fly with the unit Federal Aviation Administration regulations require pilots to practice SEE and AVOID Do not study this manual while flying Make your first flight using the Apollo 360 during good weather in a low traffic area Read at least Sections 1 and 2 of this manual before you fly It is recommended that you read through this entire manual and familiarize yourself w...

Страница 8: ... 1 4 LCD Backlight Switch 1 5 Helpful Instructions on the Display 1 5 Control Knobs 1 5 The Power Knob 1 6 The Concentric Rotary Knobs 1 6 The Display Screens 1 7 The Startup Screen 1 7 Route Display Selection 1 7 Navigation Function Screens 1 8 Menu Function Screen 1 9 Goto Nearest Function Screens 1 10 New Waypoint Function Screen 1 11 Waypoint Information Function Screen 1 12 Summary 1 12 2 Get...

Страница 9: ...ng Waypoint Information 3 10 Destination Waypoint Information 3 10 Information About Other Waypoints 3 11 Information About Nearest Waypoints 3 11 Scanning Waypoints for Information 3 11 4 Menu Function Options The Main Menu 4 3 Changing Menu Option Settings 4 3 Return to Nav 4 3 Screen Controls 4 4 Map Setups 4 4 Declutter Maps 4 5 Track Point History 4 6 Arrival Alerts 4 7 Airspace Alerts 4 8 Co...

Страница 10: ...t Information 5 2 ARPT Waypoints 5 2 VOR Waypoints 5 3 NDB Waypoints 5 3 INT Waypoints 5 4 USER Waypoints 5 4 REMO Waypoints 5 4 Appendices A Glossary of Navigation Terms B Troubleshooting Contacting the Factory B 3 C Features P N 560 0119 00 vii Apollo 360 Map Display Table of Contents ...

Страница 11: ...viii P N 560 0119 00 Table of Contents Apollo 360 Map Display ...

Страница 12: ...ay The quality of the position information it displays is dependent on the navigation device providing that information Do not attempt to conduct an approachbasedontheinformationfromtheApollo360Map Use a navigation device authorized for flying approaches to navigate this phase of flight The Operating Functions There are five main operating functions each performing a different and unique task whil...

Страница 13: ... navigation function is always active pressing a key is not necessary to enable it Navigation Function This function starts automatically when the unit is switched on and stays active You will use this function most often while flying The navigation function provides information about n Your current position and navigation progress to a destination n Your current route and legs within your current...

Страница 14: ... 360 s memory You can create up to 2 000 of your own waypoints each with a name you choose You can create waypoints based upon your present position or you can enter latitude and longitude coordinates usually abbreviated lat lon to define the waypoint location Waypoint Information Function Use this function to get information about any waypoint in the Apollo 360 s built in database including those...

Страница 15: ...stant Despite this coating extreme care must be taken when cleaning the display screen To remove stains smudges fingerprints and so forth we recommend these cleaning methods if the first method fails to remove the problem try the next method n Wipe with a clean dry non abrasive fabric for example cotton or Handi wipes n Blow on the area to condense moisture on the display and then wipe the area wi...

Страница 16: ...s you what to do Helpful instructions typically appear on the top and bottom lines of the display A highlighted or darkened word in an instruction advises you which key to press to select an option Control Knobs The control knobs switch the Apollo 360 on and off select menu options and make changes The control knobs consist of the power knob at the upper left corner of the front panel and the conc...

Страница 17: ... move the highlight cursor around the display to select menu options and make changes The highlight cursor typically shows on the display when you use an operating function The cursor indicates that the highlighted item can be changed A vertical and or horizontal arrow symbol often shows at the lower right corner of the display These symbols indicate that additional options are available and that ...

Страница 18: ...h operating function are introduced here Section 4 contains additional details about each operating function The Startup Screens The startup screens show on the display for several seconds after you switch on the Apollo 360 While these screens show on the display the unit performs internal diagnostics and activates the navigation display function Route Display Selection It is worth noting here tha...

Страница 19: ...ation function Each screen contains useful information After the startup screens appear on the display the unit shows the route screen You can scroll or page through the other available screens by turning the LARGE knob 1 8 P N 560 0119 00 Introduction to the Apollo 360 Apollo 360 Map Display ...

Страница 20: ...trols Contains control settings for display backlight contrast and 1 leg or 3 leg route screen displays n Map Setups Contains control settings for information shown on moving map screens navigation function n Declutter Maps Contains control settings for types of waypoints to show on moving map navigation screens navigation function and in the nearest waypoint list n Track Point History Controls na...

Страница 21: ...e menu function does not interrupt navigation Section 4 describes how to use each main menu option Goto Nearest Function Screen The goto nearest function allows you to quickly and easily get information on those waypoints nearest to your present position When you press the GOTO NRST key the nearest function starts The nearest function screen shows a listing of up to 30 of the waypoints nearest to ...

Страница 22: ... the new waypoint function You can use present position lat lon coordinates for the new waypoint s location or enter coordinates of your choice from this screen Information on the screen includes the created waypoint s location and the location of the nearest VOR relative to your present position P N 560 0119 00 1 11 Apollo 360 Map Display Introduction to the Apollo 360 ...

Страница 23: ...etween operating functions is fast and easy and that you will do this often while navigating a trip No matter which operating function you use the unit allows you to quickly and easily return to the always active navigation display function Your present position continues to be updated from the primary navigation device without interruption while you use the other operating functions Here is a qui...

Страница 24: ...nt information function calls up information from the Apollo 360 s built in waypoint database You can also access information about waypoints you have created Information includes the waypoint identifier and type waypoint bearing and distance from your current position waypoint lat lon coordinates and more LCD backlight controls whether or not the backlight is on and the backlight intensity level ...

Страница 25: ...Notes 1 14 P N 560 0119 00 Introduction to the Apollo 360 Apollo 360 Map Display ...

Страница 26: ...unit on turn the power knob clockwise the knob is above and to the left of the display The startup screens show on the display for several seconds The first screen identifies the procuct The second screen provides a reminder that this product is approved for VFR use only It also identifies the installed database and gives the expiration date Press Enter to acknowledge the startup information and p...

Страница 27: ...oute is entered on the host device or if the host device does not have a position fix the route screen on the Apollo 360 will be blank the message screen will display No Position Fix and a No Fix message will be displayed on all other navigation screens Dashed lines will appear on all screens in place of the missing input information With route and position input available the Apollo 360 Map is re...

Страница 28: ...ith the unit When you become thoroughly familiar with the controls and comfortable operating the unit you will be better able to use this powerful tool in the air About the Navigation Function The navigation display function is always active When you use other functions the navigation display function continues to run in the background calculating your present position navigating your multiple leg...

Страница 29: ...orming you of important events or conditions while you fly When an important event or condition occurs an alert message shows on the display to inform you Alerts marked with the can be controlled by menu options described in Section 4 Alerts may show on the display anytime the unit is operating to alert you of the following conditions Airspace penetration Arrival at a destination Loss of position ...

Страница 30: ...s way during the trip Alert messages that show on the screen must be valid at the time you check them or they will not show as a current message Press ENT as shown on the current message screen to view other current messages if available Present Position Screen This screen shows the lat long coordinates of your present position desired track and any course deviation from desired track When you fly...

Страница 31: ...s viewable by turning the LARGE knob only one detent clockwise from the present position screen you will likely find it convenient to switch back and forth between these two screens often to check your navigation progress Moving Map Nav Window Screen One of the most attractive features of the Apollo 360 is its ability to show your navigation progress graphically against a moving map of waypoints Y...

Страница 32: ...re for the map scale and all other navigation screens using the menu function Display Units option explained in Section 4 The figure below shows a change in scale caused by turning the SMALL knob The scale may be changed from 1 nm to 750 nm or set to auto In this case the distance fromtheairplaneicontothetopofthescreenis20miles Moving Map Screen This moving map screen is similar to the one just de...

Страница 33: ...ndy zoom function to allow you to enhance your view of navigation progress Zoom in or out by turning the SMALL knob Zooming in changes the view to enlarge map detail as if the airplane symbolwasflyingataloweraltitudeoverthemapsurface Similarly zooming out allows a view of greater distance around the airplane symbol as if the airplane was flying higher over the map As you zoom in or out the map sca...

Страница 34: ...L knob until AUTO shows as the map scale Using auto zoom frees you from manually adjusting the map scale as you view the moving map screens The Route Screen The Apollo 360 Map has the ability to display the route information from the host device in either a 1 Leg or 3 Leg route screen The preceding and following displays show the 1 Leg and 3 Legroutescreens respectively Youcanselecteitherdisplay u...

Страница 35: ...he 1 Leg screen On the 3 Leg screen these waypoints are identified by an R designation Searching for Nearest Waypoints An important feature of the Apollo 360 is its ability to locate waypoints closest to your position as you fly Should you have to land the aircraft quickly you can use this feature to locate a nearby waypoint and quickly navigate to it While navigating press the GOTO NRST key to ac...

Страница 36: ...and confirm that the waypoint types you wish to show will appear on the display after a search and while using the moving map screens The Declutter Maps option is explained in Section 4 Creating Waypoints The Apollo 360 allows you to create up to 2 000 of your own waypoints each with a name you choose As you navigate you may wish to create waypoints at locations that are important to you You can u...

Страница 37: ...igating You can always edit or delete waypoints you have created The menu function User Waypoint Management option allows you to perform these tasks The use of this option is described in Section 4 Getting Waypoint Information Use the waypoint information function anytime to get information on waypoints in your route or any waypoints that appear in the Nearest list A complete listing of available ...

Страница 38: ...nformationfunctionalsoworkswiththenearest function This allows you to quickly get information about any of the waypoints nearest to your present position Press the GOTO NRST key to search for nearest waypoints When the list of these waypoints shows on the display use the LARGE knob to move the arrow cursor to the desired waypoint Press the INFO key to get information about the waypoint To return t...

Страница 39: ...you press this key When the highlight has moved to the desired waypoint press the INFO key to get information about the waypoint This feature makes it fast and convenient to get information about any waypoint near your flight path while you navigate 3 12 P N 560 0119 00 Navigating a Trip Apollo 360 Map Display ...

Страница 40: ... are stored in memory and remain in effect until you change them Note Background navigation calculations are not interrupted while you use other features The menu function makes these options available n Return to Nav Returns the unit from the menu function to the navigation function n Screen Controls Contains control settings for display backlight and contrastaswellas1 Leg 3 Legroutedisplayselect...

Страница 41: ...have entered in the Apollo 360 s memory n System Info 1 Enables viewing of unit serial number and current hardware and software version information n System Info 2 Shows current database and operating system versions Take a moment to become familiar with each menu option Use the information in this section to explore each option and understand how it affects the operation of the Apollo 360 This se...

Страница 42: ...Then use the SMALL knob to change the setting Return to Nav Use this option to leave the menu function and return to the screen shown on the display before you pressed the MENU key This option is typically used when you are ready to continue navigating after using other menu options to make changes Note RETURN TO NAV is automatically selected when you call the main menu If you accidentally select ...

Страница 43: ...e As you make adjustments the horizontal bar at the bottom of the display shows the current contrast level indicates lowercontrast while indicateshighercontrast Acontrast setting near the middle of the bar is satisfactory in most cases The contrast setting you select is stored in memory and remains in effect until you change it Turn the large knob to highlight the route display selection and the s...

Страница 44: ... allows you to select orientation of the moving maps with the top of the screen representing current track desired track or true north Declutter Maps This option controls the waypoints that show on the moving map screens and are used for nearest waypoint search Types of waypoints you set to ON are displayed while those set to OFF are not visible on the moving map screens You can choose whether or ...

Страница 45: ...ee Map Setups show on the moving map screens Note The destination waypoint identifier always shows on the moving map screens regardless of this setting Track Point History This option allows you to store a record of navigation progress in memory The stored record consists of a series of track points each containing your position at the time the point was stored You can choose whether or not to sto...

Страница 46: ...when memory becomes full You can also control the storage interval for track points Saving points by DISTANCE allows you to select a distance interval to determine when each track point is stored Similarly saving points by TIME allows you to select the minutes and seconds interval for each track point USED shows you the percentage of memory space used for track point storage If you wish to empty t...

Страница 47: ...f you choose YES for the alert message the airspace alert will show on the display advising you of approaching airspacepenetrationwithinthedistanceortimeyouselect The distance buffer is the distance from the airspace border where you will be alerted This distance can be shown in the unit of measure you choose using the DISPLAY UNITS setting described later in this section The time buffer contains ...

Страница 48: ...0 second intervals from 10 minutes to 60 minutes Select START and press the ENT key to begin countdown from the total time shown As the countdown progresses the screen shows COUNTING during the time you can stop the countdown and continue it later Select EXIT to return to the main menu Note The countdown timer can run in the background while you navigate and will not interfere with unit operation ...

Страница 49: ...degrees m minutes and s seconds of latitude or longitude n UTMS Universal Transverse Mercator System User Waypoint Manage ment This option allows you to manage waypoints you have created user waypoints You can edit or delete waypoints as your area of travel or other requirements change You can edit created waypoints to change the waypoint name or lat lon coordinates To edit a waypoint turn the LAR...

Страница 50: ...dit use intuitive identifiers for waypoints you have created This will help you find waypoints more easily when you need to navigate to them You can also delete waypoints you no longer need With the arrow cursor at the waypoint you wish to delete move the highlight at the bottom of the screen to DEL and press the ENT key The waypoint is removed from memory Important Waypointsdeletedfrommemorycanno...

Страница 51: ...tory about the unit Record the serial number on your owner s warranty record and keep the card in a safe place with your avionic instrumentation records System Info 2 This option contains more information about the software and database your Apollo 360 is equipped with Also provide this information in correspondence with the factory about your unit 4 12 P N 560 0119 00 Menu Function Options Apollo...

Страница 52: ...60 Map Display Menu Function Options Option Description Defualt Alert Screen Controls Route Disp Backlight Contrast 1 Leg Hi 0 50 100 N A Map Setups Route Path Airspaces Orient Up ON ON NORTH TRK DTK N A Declutter Maps ARPTS VORS NDBS INTS USERS Idents On Maps ON ON OFF OFF OFF YES N A Track Point History Track History Strategy Save By Interval Used Clear ON FOREVER DIST TIME 1 50 10nm 0 100 NO N ...

Страница 53: ...ion Default Alert Countdown Time Total Time User programmable 1sec to60min When time expires Display Units Distance Altitude Lat Lon NM KTS FEET D M MMM N A User Wpt Mgmt No default settings N A N A System Info 1 No default settings N A N A System Info 2 No default settings N A N A ...

Страница 54: ...livery of information The waypoint types are n Airports ARPTs n Non directional beacons NDBs n Very high frequency omniranges VORs n Enroute intersections INTs n User created USERs n Remote waypoints REMOs The sixth type is Remote REMO waypoints The Apollo 360 will attempt to match received route information with it s internal database It does this by looking for an exact match with the received i...

Страница 55: ...ent position n Airport type n Airport elevation n Fuel availability by type n Runway length s and surface type n Radio communication frequencies an asterisk at the frequency indicates part time availability PCL at the frequency indicates pilot controlled lighting an R indicatesthatRadarserviceisavailableonthisfrequency n Lat lon coordinates n Navigation beacon light n IFR capability n Landing fee ...

Страница 56: ...lon coordinates n DME available n Class high low terminal n Weather broadcasts NDB Waypoint Information n Bearing and distance from present position n Operating frequency n Lat lon coordinates n DME available n Class high low terminal P N 560 0119 00 5 3 Apollo 360 Map Display The Waypoint Database ...

Страница 57: ...on n Lat lon coordinates USER Waypoint Information n Bearing and distance from present position n Distance from present position n Lat lon coordinates Remote Waypoint Information n Bearing and distance from present position n Lat lon coordinates 5 4 P N 560 0119 00 The Waypoint Database Apollo 360 Map Display ...

Страница 58: ...ongitude that describe a geographical point on the surface of the earth Course The planned direction of travel in a horizontal plane Course Deviation A measurement of distance left or right from the desired course of travel Course Deviation Indicator CDI A graphic indicator of course deviation typically shown as a graduated horizontal bar with an icon indicating the deviation distance left or righ...

Страница 59: ...termined by either visual reference or by electronic navigation aids G Ground GRND Ground communication frequency Ground Speed GS Speed of travel across the ground In aviation the relation between ground speed and air speed is affected by the prevailing winds I Icon A symbol shown on the display depicting present position The icon is shown as a symbol of an airplane on the Apollo 360 s moving map ...

Страница 60: ...rth pole where the earth s magnetic lines concentrate A magnetic compass points to the magnetic north Magnetic Variation Mag Var The angle between the magnetic and true north At various points on the earth it is different due to local magnetic disturbances It is shown on charts as isogonic lines marked with degrees of variation either east or west These degrees must be added to or subtracted from ...

Страница 61: ...gational aid beginning at the navigational aid and proceeding outward in a straight line Range RNG The distance from the present position to a destination waypoint S Second 1 60th of a minute of a degree Statute Mile A distance measurement equal to 5 280 feet or 0 87 of a nautical mile T Three dimensional 3D Position Fix A position fix defined by latitude longitude and altitude Track TRK The imagi...

Страница 62: ...referred to as Zulu time UTC Differential The difference in time between that at the present position and UTC V Very High Frequency Omnirange VOR A navigational aid that transmits signals such that a receiver can indicate its current radial or bearing from the transmitter W Waypoint A navigational fix used in area navigation and defined by latitude and longitude coordinates P N 560 0119 00 A 5 Apo...

Страница 63: ...Notes A 6 P N 560 0119 00 Glossary of Navigation Terms Apollo 360 Map Display ...

Страница 64: ... 560 0119 00 B 1 Apollo 360 Map Display Troubleshooting Problem Possible Cause s Action Unit does not power on Open in power supply circuit Check circuit breaker reset if necessary Faulty electrical wiring or connection Contact your dealer to perform electrical system test No Host signal input Host device not turned on Ensure that host device is powered up Faulty wiring or connection Contact your ...

Страница 65: ...Declutter Maps option as Section 5 describes to verify that desired waypoint types to search are On Wrong types of waypoints show on moving map screens Incorrect selection of waypoint types to show on moving map screens See action above the waypoint types you set to No do not show on moving map screens OR after nearest waypoint searches Airspace boundaries missing from moving map screens Airspace ...

Страница 66: ...fic time for technical assistance The II Morrow technical service staff will gladly assist you II Morrow Inc Technical Service Department 2345 Turner Road S E Salem OR 97301 U S A U S A Toll Free 800 525 6726 Canada Toll Free 800 654 3415 FAX 503 364 2138 International 503 391 3411 P N 560 0119 00 B 3 Apollo 360 Map Display Troubleshooting ...

Страница 67: ...Notes B 4 P N 560 0119 00 Troubleshooting Apollo 360 Map Display ...

Страница 68: ...ally show your navigation progress n An extensive built in database of airports VORs NDBs and Intersections n Memory capacity to store up to 2 000 user created waypoints n Low power consumption circuitry n A lightweight chassis to minimize instrument weight n An internal fuse to protect against damage to electronic components not user replaceable n A memory backup battery to protect against loss o...

Страница 69: ...Notes C 2 P N 560 0119 00 Features Apollo 360 Map Display ...

Страница 70: ...A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 3 Exclusion of Liability for Damages IN NO EVENT SHALL II MORROW ANY DISTRIBUTOR OR THE SELLING DEALER BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT INDIRECT SPECIAL INCIDENTAL CONSEQUENTIAL PUNITIVE OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES INCLUDING LOSS OF PROFITS LOSS OF TIME OR INCONVENIENCE WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT TORT STRICT LIABILITY OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY EVEN IF II MORROW SUCH DISTRIBUTOR OR THE SELLING...

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