ICP DAS USA PDS-700 Series, Руководство пользователя

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Glossary
1. Ethernet
The term Ethernet generally refers to a standard published in 1982 by Digital
Equipment Corp., Intel Corp. and Xerox Corp. Ethernet is the most popular physical
layer local area network (LAN) technology today. Ethernet is a best-effort delivery
system that uses CSMA/CD technology. It recognizes hosts using 48-bit MAC address.
2. Internet
Physically, the Internet is a collection of packet switching networks interconnected by
gateways along with TCP/IP protocol that allows them to perform logically as a single,
large and virtual network. The Internet recognizes hosts using 32-bit IP address.
3. TCP/IP
The transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP) are the
standard network protocols. They are almost always implemented and used together
and called TCP/IP. TCP/IP can be used to communicate across any set of
interconnected networks.
4. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
TCP provides a reliable flow of data between two hosts. It is associated with tasks
such as dividing the data passed to it from applications into appropriately sized chunks
for the network layer below, acknowledging received packets, setting timeouts to
make certain that the other end acknowledges packets that are sent, and so on.
5. UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
UDP provides a much simpler service to the application layer. It just sends packets of
data from one host to the other. But there is no guarantee that the packets will reach
the destination host.
6. Gateway
Computers that interconnect two networks and pass packets from one to the other are
called Internet Gateways or Internet Routers. Gateways route packets that are based
on the destination network, not on the destination host.