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Design notes
Design notes for RF pad devices
Digi XBee® RR RF Module Hardware Reference Manual
36
Design notes for RF pad devices
The RF pad is a soldered antenna connection. The RF signal travels from the RF pad connection (pad
33 on micro modules and pad 36 on surface-mount modules) on the device to the antenna through an
RF trace transmission line on the PCB. Any additional components between the device and antenna
violates modular certification. The controlled impedance for the RF trace is 50 Ω.
We recommend using a microstrip trace, although you can also use a coplanar waveguide if you need
more isolation. A microstrip generally requires less area on the PCB than a coplanar waveguide. We
do not recommend using a stripline because sending the signal to different PCB layers can introduce
matching and performance problems.
Following good design practices is essential when implementing the RF trace on a PCB. Consider the
following points:
n
Minimize the length of the trace by placing the RPSMA jack close to the device.
n
Connect all of the grounds on the jack and the device to the ground planes directly or through
closely placed vias.
n
Space any ground fill on the top layer at least twice the distance
d
, for Micro modules at least
0.028" and for surface mount modules at least 0.050".
Additional considerations:
n
The top two layers of the PCB have a controlled thickness dielectric material in between.
n
The second layer has a ground plane which runs underneath the entire RF pad area. This
ground plane is a distance
d
, the thickness of the dielectric, below the top layer.
n
The RF trace width determines the impedance of the transmission line with relation to the
ground plane. Many online tools can estimate this value, although you should consult the PCB
manufacturer for the exact width.
Implementing these design suggestions helps ensure that the RF pad device performs to its
specifications.
The following figures show a layout example of a host PCB that connects an RF pad device to a right
angle, through-hole RPSMA jack.