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Infection of the nail plate on the foot occurs mainly from
public saunas and swimming pools. Flaking with pathogenic
fungi from patients with fungal infection of the foot falls on
the fl oor, benches, railings, sidewalks, carpets and bedding.
Under conditions of high humidity, fungi can both survive
for a long time, and breed, turning them into an intensive
source of infection. Transfer between family members is
common due to the sharing of footwear, towels, sponges,
and insuffi
cient cleaning of the bath after washing.
Symptomatology. Lesion to the nail plate is the main mani-
festation of onychomycosis. Most often, the nails on the feet
are aff ected (80%), less frequently on the hands, and there
can be simultaneous lesions to the feet and hands.
It should be noted that the appearance of nails may in
some cases be the same as in onychomycosis, or diseases
non-fungal in nature. Therefore it is necessary to consult
a dermatologist in order to establish a diagnosis.
For onychomycosis, not only a change in the nails is char-
acteristic, but also allergic alteration of the body. In addition,
fungi can produce toxins, and the possibility of lymphohe-
matogenous infection has been demonstrated.
Diagnosis. Unfortunately, it is not always possible to clarify
the etiology of onychomycosis by laboratory means due to
technical diffi
culties in such determination of fungal infec-
tion. Most often, diagnosis is by examination of changes in
the nail plate.
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