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D-Link DES-3326S Layer 3 Switch

Autonomous Systems External Link Advertisements

Autonomous Systems (AS) link advertisements are Type 5 link state advertisements. These advertisements are originated by
AS boundary routers. A separate advertisement is made for each destination known to the router, that is external to the AS.
AS external link advertisements usually describe a particular external destination. For these advertisements the Link State ID
field specifies an IP network number. AS external link advertisements are also used to describe a default route. Default routes
are used when no specific route exists to the destination. When describing a default route, the Link Stat ID is always set the
Default Destination address (0.0.0.0) and the Network Mask is set to 0.0.0.0.
The format of the AS External Link Advertisement is shown below:

Link-State Age

Options

Link-State ID

Advertising Router

Link-State Sequence Number

Link-State Checksum

Length

Network Mask

TOS

Metric

AS External Link Advertisements

5

Forwarding Address

External Route Tag

E

Table 13. AS External System Advertisement

Field Description
Network Mask

The IP address mask for the advertised destination.

E – bit

The type of external metric. If the E – bit is set, the metric specified
is a Type 2 external metric. This means the metric is considered
larger than any link state path. If the E – bit is zero, the specified
metric is a Type 1 external metric. This means that is comparable
directly to the link state metric.

Forwarding Address

Data traffic for the advertised destination will be forwarded to this
address. If the Forwarding Address is set to 0.0.0.0, data traffic will
be forwarded instead to the advertisement’s originator.

TOS

The Type of Service that the following cost is relevant to.

Metric

The cost of this route. The interpretation of this metric depends on
the external type indication (the E – bit above).

External Route Tag

A 32-bit field attached to each external route. This is not used by
the OSPF protocol itself.

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Содержание DES-3326SRM

Страница 1: ...D Link DES 3326S 24 Port Layer 3 Stackable Switch Manual May 2005 651ES3326S055...

Страница 2: ...forbidden Trademarks used in this text D Link the D LINK logo are trademarks of D Link Computer Corporation Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Other trademarks a...

Страница 3: ...e Console Port 17 Password Protection 18 IP Address Assignment 19 SNMP Settings 21 Installing the Switch without the Rack 22 Installing the Switch in a Rack 23 Connecting Stacked Switch Groups 24 Note...

Страница 4: ...61 Configure STP Switch Settings 62 STP Port Settings 64 Quality of Service Configuration 66 Configure QoS Output Scheduling 67 Configure 802 1p User Priority 68 Configure Default Priority 69 Configur...

Страница 5: ...ding Table 122 IGMP Group Table 123 IP Multicast Forwarding Table 124 802 1X Authentication Status 124 Switch History 125 Switch Utilities 126 TFTP Services 126 Ping Test 128 DHCP BOOTP and DNS Relay...

Страница 6: ...tion 182 OSPF Host Route Settings 183 Route Redistribution Settings 184 Technical Specifications 186 Network Addressing and Protocols 188 IP Addresses 188 Internet Protocols 193 Packet Headers 195 The...

Страница 7: ...ot intended a thorough or exhaustive study network management Intended Readers The DES 3326S Manual contains information useful for setup and management and of the DES 3326S Switch This manual is inte...

Страница 8: ...s Operate the product only from the type of external power source indicated on the electrical ratings label If you are not sure of the type of power source required consult your service provider or lo...

Страница 9: ...t the front and side stabilizers installed could cause the rack to tip over potentially resulting in bodily injury under certain circumstances Therefore always install the stabilizers before installin...

Страница 10: ...ed or disconnected Protecting Against Electrostatic Discharge Static electricity can harm delicate components inside your system To prevent static damage discharge static electricity from your body be...

Страница 11: ...the same routing routines and protocols as traditional routers The main difference between traditional routing and Layer 3 switching is the addition of a group of Layer 2 switching domains and the ex...

Страница 12: ...AC based access control and Radius Client support Administrator definable port security Per port bandwidth control Broadcast Multicast and DLF storm control IEEE 802 3z and IEEE 802 3x compliant Flow...

Страница 13: ...with Auto MDIX function for connections to end stations servers and hubs All ports can auto negotiate between 10Mbps or 100Mbps full or half duplex and flow control LED Indicators The LED indicators...

Страница 14: ...ng module Link The Link LED lights to confirm a valid link Act The ACT LED blinks to indicate activity on the link STACK NO The Stack Number seven segment LED displays the Unit number assigned to the...

Страница 15: ...upply voltage in the range from 100 240 VAC at 50 60 Hz Side Panels The right side panel of the Switch contains two system fans see the top part of the diagram below The left side panel contains heat...

Страница 16: ...BASE TX Module Figure 1 5 100BASE TX two port module Port Functions Fully compliant with IEEE802 3 10BASE T IEEE802 3u 100BASE TX Supports auto negotiation in the following operation 10 100M operation...

Страница 17: ...tions Fully compliant with IEEE802 3u 100BASE FX Supports auto negotiation in the following operation 100M Full duplex Flow control IEEE 802 3x compliant Flow Control support for full duplex Connector...

Страница 18: ...s Fully compliant with IEEE802 3u 100BASE FX Supports auto negotiation in the following operation 100M Full duplex Flow control IEEE 802 3x compliant Flow Control support for full duplex Connector SC...

Страница 19: ...SE T IEEE802 3u 100BASE TX and IEEE802 3ab 1000BASE T Supports auto negotiation in the following operation 10 100 1000M Full duplex Flow control IEEE 802 3x compliant Flow Control support for full dup...

Страница 20: ...802 3x compliant Flow Control support for full duplex Connector SC Type Distance 550m DEM 320S 2 port 1000BASE SX Gigabit Ethernet Module Port Functions 2 1000BASE SX Gigabit Ethernet ports IEEE 802 3...

Страница 21: ...dule Port Functions 2 1000BASE LX Gigabit Ethernet ports IEEE 802 3z 1000BASE LX compliance Supports Full duplex operations IEEE 802 3x compliant Flow Control support for full duplex Supports single m...

Страница 22: ...full duplex operations IEEE 802 3x compliant Flow Control support for full duplex DEM 320GH 2 port GBIC based Gigabit Ethernet Module Port Functions 2 GBIC based Gigabit Ethernet ports Allows multi m...

Страница 23: ...ow Control support for full duplex The optional Stacking Module allows up to eight DES 3326S Switches to be interconnected via their individual stacking modules This forms an eight Switch stack that c...

Страница 24: ...ort on one switch to an OUT port on the next switch in the stack In this way a loop is made such that all of the switches in the switch stack have the IN stacking port connected to another switch s OU...

Страница 25: ...omplete access to all Switch management features For a full list of commands see the Command Line Reference Manual which is included on the documentation CD SNMP Based Management You can manage the Sw...

Страница 26: ...ing Stacked Switch Groups Configuring a Switch Group for Stacking Connecting Devices to the Switch Package Contents Before you begin installing the Switch confirm that your package contains the follow...

Страница 27: ...a rate to 9600 baud c Set the data format to 8 data bits 1 stop bit and no parity d Set flow control to none e Under Properties select VT100 for Emulation mode f Select Terminal keys for Function Arro...

Страница 28: ...to provide a password Type the password used for the administrator account being created and press the Enter key 3 You will be prompted to enter the same password again to verify it Type the same pas...

Страница 29: ...ith the Web based manager The Switch IP address can be automatically set using BOOTP or DHCP protocols in which case the actual address assigned to the Switch must be known The IP address may be set u...

Страница 30: ...e above example the Switch was assigned an IP address of 10 10 1 100 with a subnet mask of 255 0 0 0 The system message Success indicates that the command was executed successfully The Switch can now...

Страница 31: ...at is separated into two parts The first part is to maintain a list of users and their attributes that are allowed to act as SNMP managers The second part describes what each user on that list can do...

Страница 32: ...rface that can safely support the weight of the Switch and its attached cables The Switch must have adequate space for ventilation and for accessing cable connectors 2 Set the Switch on a flat surface...

Страница 33: ...er to the illustrations below 1 Use the supplied screws to attach a mounting bracket to each side of the Switch 2 Align the holes in the mounting bracket with the holes in the rack 3 Insert and tighte...

Страница 34: ...strates stacking connections for a six switch stack Figure 2 7 Switch Stack connections between optional stacking modules The stacking ports are marked IN and OUT The IEEE 1394 compliant cable must be...

Страница 35: ...essary to use the CLI command config stacking mode disable A Switch that has stacking mode disabled should never connect to another Switch through stacking ports See below for notes on standalone oper...

Страница 36: ...nction in a stacked group as the Master do the following 1 At the CLI login prompt enter config stacking mode enable master and press the Enter key 2 You will be prompted to save the stacking mode con...

Страница 37: ...mode enable master The remaining slave units in the stack can be set to the default configuration to automatically recognize the presence of the Master The stack order will likewise be determined auto...

Страница 38: ...stacking mode is enabled for Auto or Master Likewise a separate configuration file is used when a Switch is operating as a stacked unit This is important if the stacking function of a Switch is chang...

Страница 39: ...to the Switch These connections can be accomplished at any port in either straight through cable or a crossover cable because the switch supports Auto MDIX function NOTE Auto MDIX function is not sup...

Страница 40: ...re the same as those found in the console program Before You Start The DES 3326S Layer 3 Switch supports a wide array of functions and gives great flexibility and increased network performance by elim...

Страница 41: ...ternal router to connect to the rest of the network 6 Develop a policy scheme Some subnets will have a greater need for multicasting bandwidth for example A policy is a mechanism to alter the normal p...

Страница 42: ...er window Area Function 1 Presents a graphical near real time image of the front panel of the Switch This area displays the Switch s ports and expansion modules When the Switch is stacked a virtual re...

Страница 43: ...ined below or use the command line interface CLI command save Web Pages and Menus Menus for configuration and information are organized in two folders or directories Basic Setup and Advanced Setup The...

Страница 44: ...hanges and Restart System Most of these menus and the subdirectorys located in the Basic Setup folder are discussed in later chapters The subdirectories include SNTP Settings Network Management Switch...

Страница 45: ...0 0 0 and a default gateway of 0 0 0 0 Figure 3 3 Configure Switch IP Settings To manually assign the Switch s IP address subnet mask and default gateway address 1 Select Manual from the Get IP From d...

Страница 46: ...y the address of a router or a host acting as an IP gateway If your network is not part of an intranet or you do not want the Switch to be accessible outside your local network you can leave this fiel...

Страница 47: ...on You will be prompted to confirm that you want to delete the account Click OK to delete the account information and continue Figure 3 5 User Accounts Add Add a new user by typing in a User Name and...

Страница 48: ...Switch Figure 3 6 User Accounts Edit To change the password type in the New Password and retype it in the Confirm New Password entry field Choose the level of privilege Admin or User from the Access...

Страница 49: ...s the Admin and User privileges Management Admin User Configuration Yes Read Only Network Monitoring Yes Read Only Community Strings and Trap Stations Yes Read Only Update Firmware and Configuration F...

Страница 50: ...witch erases all settings in RAM and reloads the stored settings from the NV RAM Thus it is necessary to save all setting changes to NV RAM before rebooting the Switch Factory Reset Click the Factory...

Страница 51: ...ave the current configuration to non volatile RAM before restarting the Switch Clicking the No option instructs the Switch not to save the current configuration before restarting the Switch All of the...

Страница 52: ...on The DES 332GS stacking module is described on page 13 2 Currently the firmware for the DES 3326S and DES 3326SR does not yet support stacking with the DGS 3312SR Layer 3 Switch or the DES 3226S Lay...

Страница 53: ...ig stacking mode enable master The switch stack up to 13 total is displayed in the upper right hand corner of you web browser The icons are in the same order as their respective Unit numbers To view t...

Страница 54: ...Notice in the example above Switch number 2 Unit ID 2 has a Start Port of 27 since there are twenty six ports on the Master Switch A third Switch is added to the stack so the Start Port of Switch numb...

Страница 55: ...5 Port Configuration Configure Ports Serial Port Settings Port Security Settings Traffic Segmentation This section contains information for configuring various attributes and properties for individua...

Страница 56: ...t will be necessary to select the Unit switch according to its logical position in the stack Figure 5 1 Choose switch from stack Click the radio button on the far left to select the port you want to c...

Страница 57: ...state of the port Auto auto negotiation between 10 and 100 Mbps devices full or half duplex The Auto setting allows the port to automatically determine the fastest settings the device the port is con...

Страница 58: ...rate used to communicate with a management station The console baud rate is 9600 bits per second Data Bits Displays the number of bits that make up a word when communicating with the management stati...

Страница 59: ...curity Settings Figure 5 6 Configure Port Security Configure the following parameters for Port Security Parameter Description Admin State Disabled Toggle Admin State to either enable or disable port s...

Страница 60: ...and click the Edit button This will open the following dialog box Figure 5 7 Traffic Segmentation Edit In the Edit menu select the Forward Ports for the specified port A Forward Port is a port that is...

Страница 61: ...her the aggregated links must all be of the same speed and should be configured as full duplex The configuration of the lowest numbered port in the group becomes the configuration for all of the ports...

Страница 62: ...n order to determine which port is used to transmit load sharing data This feature is only available using the address based load sharing algorithm Figure 6 1 Link Aggregation Algorithm Selection Sele...

Страница 63: ...groups configured will appear listed in the table To remove a group select the group from the table and click on the Delete button To create a new Link Aggregation group click the New button Figure 6...

Страница 64: ...aggregation group when editing and existing entry Type Select the type of link aggregation used for the group If type is not specified the default type is Static Aggregated ports may be either LACP o...

Страница 65: ...should be noted that a faster port a 1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet port for example should not be mirrored to a slower port one of the 24 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet port because many packets will be dropped...

Страница 66: ...n in the forwarding table without being accessed that is how long a learned MAC Address is allowed to remain idle The Aging Time can be set to any value between 10 and 1 000 000 seconds To configure t...

Страница 67: ...ion that will be entered into the switch s static forwarding table when adding a new entry Displays the currently selected MAC address when editing VLAN Name Allows the entry of the VLAN Name of the V...

Страница 68: ...the Forwarding folder and then the MAC Forwarding folder and then click on the Multicast MAC Address Settings link Figure 8 5 Multicast MAC Address Settings To add a new multicast MAC address to the s...

Страница 69: ...kets per second or Kpps and then following a user specified course of action when this threshold is exceeded To configure Broadcast Multicast storm control Click on the Forwarding folder and then on t...

Страница 70: ...ed in the Upper Threshold Kpps field the switch will drop all multicast packets received by any port in the port group until the rate of multicast packets received by the port group falls The Destinat...

Страница 71: ...do not forward packets in the STP port transition states disabled blocking or listening or in the RSTP port state discarding there is no functional difference the port is not active in the network top...

Страница 72: ...ly adjusting BPDU packets to 802 1d format when necessary However any segment using 802 1 STP will not benefit from the rapid transition and rapid topology change detection of RSTP The protocol also p...

Страница 73: ...on the switch spends in the listening state while moving from the blocking state to the forwarding state Priority 0 61440 32768 A Priority for the switch can be set from 0 to 61440 This number is use...

Страница 74: ...ort priority and port cost to be the connection to the network for the group Redundant links will be blocked just as redundant links are blocked on the switch level The STP on the switch level blocks...

Страница 75: ...ation should be enabled yes on ports connected to network stations or segments that will be upgraded to 802 1w RSTP on all or some portion of the segment Edge No Select True or False Choosing true des...

Страница 76: ...switch is configured to empty the buffer using strict priority NOTICE The default QoS scheduling arrangement is a strict priority schedule To customize scheduling to set up round robin queue clearing...

Страница 77: ...The MAX Latency field specifies the maximum amount of time in multiples of 16 microseconds that a queue will have to wait before being given access to the transmit buffer The MAX Latency is a priorit...

Страница 78: ...iven Class of Service on the switch you can then assign this Class to each of the 8 levels of 802 1p priorities Open the 802 1 User Priority configuration menu in the QoS subdirectory to see the menu...

Страница 79: ...on the 802 1p Default Priority link Figure 10 3 Priority Based on Port This window allows you to assign a default 802 1p priority to any given port on the switch The priority queues are numbered from...

Страница 80: ...he far left column that corresponds to the port you want to configure and click the Edit button A new dialog box used to edit bandwidth settings opens Figure 10 4 Edit Port Bandwidth To limit either t...

Страница 81: ...rding database MAC Notification Global Settings Figure 11 1 MAC Notification Global Settings Configure the following MAC notification global settings Parameter Description State Enable or Disable MAC...

Страница 82: ...t numbered port from the list and click the Edit button a separate menu will appear Figure 11 3 MAC Notification Port Settings Edit Configure the following MAC notification global settings Parameter D...

Страница 83: ...ured will be retained regardless of whether the system log is on or off Figure 12 1 System Log State menu The switch can send system log messages to up to four designated servers Use the System Log Se...

Страница 84: ...ve been designated are shown in the following Bold font means the facility values the switch supports now Numerical Facility Code 0 kernel messages 1 user level messages 2 mail system 3 system daemons...

Страница 85: ...s can set or are displayed Parameter Description Current Time Displays the current system time Time Source Displays the time source for the system SNTP State Use this pull down menu to Enable or Disab...

Страница 86: ...D Link DES 3326S Layer 3 Switch Time Zone and DST See the table below for a description of the Time Zone and DST parameters Figure 13 2 Time Zone and DST Settings 76...

Страница 87: ...the month that DST will start From Day of Week Enter the day of the week that DST will start on From Month Enter the month DST will start on From time in HH MM Enter the time of day that DST will sta...

Страница 88: ...an be specified on a basis of VLAN MAC address or IP address First create the Access Profile Mask then define the rules used to allow access Access Profile Mask Creating an access profile is divided i...

Страница 89: ...Access Profile Select profile based on Ethernet MAC Address or IP address This will change the menu according to the requirements for the type of profile Select Ethernet to instruct the switch to exa...

Страница 90: ...D Link DES 3326S Layer 3 Switch IP based Access Profile Mask Select the IP option from the Access Profile pull down menu to view the following Figure 14 3 IP Address Access Profile Mask Add 80...

Страница 91: ...parameter can be implemented using the CLI interface This option is not available using the web interface Selecting this option instructs the switch to examine the protocol type value in each frame s...

Страница 92: ...le from the Access Profile Mask Setting Table and click the Edit Rule button Figure 14 4 Access Profile Rule Setting To create a new rule set for the access profile click the New button A new menu is...

Страница 93: ...packets that meet the criteria A number between 0 lowest priority and 7 highest priority can be entered replace_priority Select this option to instruct the switch to replace the 802 1p value in a pack...

Страница 94: ...ter an IP address for the source IP address Destination IP Destination IP Enter an IP address for the destination IP address priority Select this option to instruct the switch to use the 802 1p priori...

Страница 95: ...procedure as ACL configuration and requires some of the same input parameters CPU Interface Filtering is configured in a manner similar to creating an Access Profiles First a mask is created to speci...

Страница 96: ...he New button To change an existing entry or view the rules for an entry select the Profile ID number and click the Edit Rule button Figure 14 8 CPU Interface Filtering Table To create a CPU Interface...

Страница 97: ...ader Select IP to instruct the switch to examine the IP address in each frame s header VLAN Selecting this option instructs the switch to examine the VLAN part of each packet header and use this as th...

Страница 98: ...sk parameter can be implemented using the CLI interface This option is not available using the web interface Selecting this option instructs the switch to examine the protocol type value in each frame...

Страница 99: ...rface Filtering Rule Configuration Ethernet Configure the following CPU Interface Filtering Rule Ethernet settings Parameter Description Select Permit to specify that the packets that match the access...

Страница 100: ...hat match the access profile are forwarded by the switch according to any additional rule added see below Select Deny to specify that packets that do not match the access profile are not forwarded by...

Страница 101: ...nism users have to be authorized before being able to access the network See the following figure DES 3326S Switch Figure 14 14 Typical 802 1X Configuration Prior to User Authentication Once the user...

Страница 102: ...DIUS server Figure 14 16 Typical Configuration with 802 1X Fully Implemented Table 2 Conformance to IEEE 802 1X Standards State Machine Name Port Timers state machine Authenticator PAE state machine T...

Страница 103: ...based 802 1x authorization see below 802 1X State To use 802 1x on the switch choose the type of authorization to use and click the Apply button Figure 14 17 802 1X State Port based Authorization mean...

Страница 104: ...ort status Lists the current status of port Authorized or Unauthorized PAE State Displays the administrative control over the port s authorization status Force Authorized forces the Authenticator of t...

Страница 105: ...become Authorized Force Unauthorized forces the port to become Unauthorized Quiet Period Select the time interval between authentication failure and the start of a new authentication attempt Tx Period...

Страница 106: ...ort Capability for a port select the port to be configured and determine the 802 1x port capability Click the Apply button to configure the capability Parameter Description Port Select the port or low...

Страница 107: ...follows Parameter Description Port Select the port or lowest number of the group of ports being configured Configure Ports from __ to __ A consecutive groups of ports may be configured starting with...

Страница 108: ...are identical to the Initialize Ports parameters since they are basically doing the same thing Parameter Description Port Select the port or lowest number of the group of ports being configured Confi...

Страница 109: ...e the table below for a description Figure 14 25 Edit Radius Server Settings Figure 14 26 Radius Server Add Configure the following Radius server settings when adding or editing Parameter Description...

Страница 110: ...us to select the SNMP version used for specific tasks SNMP Version The DES 3326S supports the Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP versions 1 2c and 3 The SNMP version used to monitor and control t...

Страница 111: ...menu will appear Figure 15 1 SNMP View Table Add New Figure 15 2 SNMP View Table Parameter Description View Name Type an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters This is used to identify the new SNM...

Страница 112: ...e previous menu Figure 15 3 SNMP Group Table To delete an existing entry click the selection button on the far left that corresponds to the port you want to configure and click the Delete button To cr...

Страница 113: ...no authorization and no encryption of packets sent between the switch and a remote SNMP manager AuthNoPriv Specifies that authorization will be required but there will be no encryption of packets sen...

Страница 114: ...cess on the switch The view name must exist in the SNMP View Table Access Right Use the pull down menu to select the access right read_only Specifies that SNMP community members using the community st...

Страница 115: ...he New button a separate menu will appear Figure 15 9 SNMP Host Table Add Parameter Description IP Address Type the IP address of the remote management station that will serve as the SNMP host for the...

Страница 116: ...roup Figure 15 10 SNMP User Table To delete an existing entry click the selection button on the far left that corresponds to the port you want to configure and click the Delete button To create a new...

Страница 117: ...aborate SNMP v3 SNMP Management configuration is presented in a separate chapter below Figure 15 12 Management IP Address Setup Select up to three management stations used to manage the Switch If you...

Страница 118: ...e ARP Table OSPF Information DVMRP Information PIM Neighbor Address Table GVRP Status Router Ports IGMP and IGMP Snooping Information IP Multicast Forwarding Table 802 1X Authentication Status Switch...

Страница 119: ...e link Figure 16 1 Port Utilization Line Chart Figure 16 2 Port Utilization Table Select the desired port by clicking on the front panel display in the upper part of the web page or use the Unit and P...

Страница 120: ...d rate of unicast multicast and broadcast packets received by the switch are displayed To view an analysis of packets received or transmitted by a port open the Network Monitoring folder and the Stati...

Страница 121: ...splays the number of bytes octets received by the switch in total number Total and rate Total sec RX Frames Displays the number of packets frames received by the switch in total number Total and rate...

Страница 122: ...64 octets in length excluding framing bits but including FCS octets and had either an FCS or an alignment error Jabber The total number of frames received that were longer than 1518 octets excluding f...

Страница 123: ...port number it makes an entry into its forwarding table These entries are then used to forward packets through the switch To view MAC Address Table open the Network Monitoring folder and the Address...

Страница 124: ...Table Parameter Description IP Address The IP address of the router Netmask The subnet mask corresponding to the IP address above Gateway The IP address of the gateway between the switch and this rou...

Страница 125: ...P Table open the Network Monitoring folder and the Address Tables subdirectory and click on the ARP Table link Figure 16 7 ARP Table Use the ARP Table to search for MAC addresses Enter the Interface N...

Страница 126: ...re 16 8 OSPF LSDB Table The following fields can be set or are displayed Parameter Description Area ID Displays the OSPF Area ID LSDB Type Displays which one of four types of link advertisements by wh...

Страница 127: ...Changes The number of times the neighbor router has changed state OSPF Virtual Neighbor Table Figure 16 10 OSPF Virtual Neighbor Table The following fields can be set or are displayed Parameter Descri...

Страница 128: ...ding subnet mask to search the table Click Find and the DVMRP Routing table will be searched for the IP address and subnet mask above The following fields are displayed Parameter Description Source Ad...

Страница 129: ...Hop Table The following fields are displayed Parameter Description Source IP Address The network address which when combined with the corresponding next hop Source Mask value identifies the source fo...

Страница 130: ...ghbor Address Table The following fields are displayed Parameter Description Interface The name of the IP interface the router resides on Neighbor Address IP address of the PIM neighbor Expire Time Ti...

Страница 131: ...as a static router port designated by S A router port that is dynamically configured by the switch is designated by D To browse the Router Ports open the Network Monitoring folder and the Status subdi...

Страница 132: ...ayed Parameter Description Multicast Group The IP address of the multicast group MAC Address The MAC address of the multicast group Port Map These are the ports where the IGMP packets were snooped are...

Страница 133: ...ble open the Network Monitoring folder and the Status subdirectory Click on the IGMP Group Table link to see the following menu Figure 16 19 IGMP Group Table Specify the Interface and Multicast Group...

Страница 134: ...address of the multicast group Source IP Address The IP address of the multicast source Source Mask The subnet mask corresponding to the IP address above Upstream Neighbor The IP address of the next r...

Страница 135: ...e viewed The Switch records all traps in sequence that identify events on the switch The time since the last cold start of the switch is also recorded The link to view Switch History is located in the...

Страница 136: ...you want to update the firmware on This allows the selection of a particular switch from a switch stack if you have installed the optional stacking module and have properly interconnected the switche...

Страница 137: ...e switch s click on the Basic Setup folder and then the switch Utilities folder and then the TFTP Services folder and finally click on the Upload Settings to TFTP Server link Figure 17 3 Save Settings...

Страница 138: ...e file transfer Ping Test Ping is a small program that sends data packets to the IP address you specify The destination node then returns the packets to the switch This is very useful to verify connec...

Страница 139: ...TP DHCP Relay Status Disabled This field can be toggled between Enabled and Disabled using the pull down menu It is used to enable or disable the BOOTP DHCP Relay service on the switch The default is...

Страница 140: ...name you want to configure for DHCP relay and the IP address of the server Click on the New button to enter the relay settings Up to four servers can be entered for each IP interface Figure 17 8 BOOT...

Страница 141: ...led using the pull down menu and is used to enable or disable the DNS Relay service on the switch Name Server 1 0 0 0 0 Allows the entry of the IP address of a primary domain name server DNS Name Serv...

Страница 142: ...onfiguration To create a new DNS Relay Static entry enter the Domain Name and the associated IP address Click on the New button to enter the settings into the static table Figure 17 11 DNS Relay Stati...

Страница 143: ...2 Switch and must therefore be laid out and configured with a bit more forethought VLANs with an IP interface assigned to them could be thought of as network links not just as a collection of associa...

Страница 144: ...single physical connection and allows Spanning Tree to be enabled on all ports and work normally 802 1Q VLAN Packet Forwarding Packet forwarding decisions are made based upon the following three types...

Страница 145: ...found in the Switch s forwarding table If the PVID of the port that received the packet is different from the PVID of the port that is to transmit the packet the Switch will drop the packet Within the...

Страница 146: ...tion Remember that the PVID is only used internally within the Switch Untagging is used to send packets from an 802 1Q compliant network device to a non compliant network device Ingress Filtering A po...

Страница 147: ...to each VLAN in IP Routing mode The VLANs must be configured prior to setting up the IP interfaces Configure 802 1Q Static VLANs The VLAN menu adds an entry to edit the VLAN definitions and to configu...

Страница 148: ...VLANs Entry Settings Add To edit an existing 802 1Q VLAN click the corresponding click box and then click the Edit button to open the following dialog box Figure 19 3 802 1Q Static VLANs Entry Setting...

Страница 149: ...to be specified as member of a VLAN Tagged Allows an individual port to be specified as Tagging A Check in the Tagged field specifies the port as a Tagging member of the VLAN When an untagged packet i...

Страница 150: ...sm that associates a port with a specific VLAN and is used to make forwarding decisions for untagged packets received by the port For example if port 2 is assigned a PVID of 3 then all untagged packet...

Страница 151: ...RP menu in the VLAN Configurations folder select Enabled from the drop down menu and click on the Apply button GVRP may be disabled universally without changing any of the per port GVRP settings so th...

Страница 152: ...4 0 0 decimal Using a 10 xxx xxx xxx IP address notation the above example would give 6 network addresses and 6 subnets Any IP address from the allowed range of IP addresses for each subnet can be cho...

Страница 153: ...D Link DES 3326S Layer 3 Switch Figure 20 1 Setup IP Interface To setup an new IP interface click the New button Figure 20 2 Setup IP Interface Add 143...

Страница 154: ...fields can be set Parameter Description Interface Name This field displays the name for the IP interface The default IP interface is named System IP Address Enter an IP address to be assigned to this...

Страница 155: ...ocols subdirectory in the Layer 3 IP Networking folder Multicast Global Configurations IGMP Snooping DVMRP and PIM DM can be enabled or disabled on the switch without changing the individual protocol...

Страница 156: ...ick the IGMP Snooping Configurations to open the following menu Figure 21 2 IGMP Snooping Configuration To edit an IGMP Snooping entry on the switch select the entry on the IGMP Snooping Configuration...

Страница 157: ...ry messages including those sent in response to leave group messages The default is 1 second Querier State This field can be switched using the pull down menu between Disabled and Enabled Host Timeout...

Страница 158: ...ace click the corresponding click box for that IP interface and click the Edit button This will open the following dialog box Figure 21 5 IGMP Interface Configuration Edit This dialog box allows the c...

Страница 159: ...interface Query Interval 125 Allows the entry of a value between 1 and 65535 seconds with a default of 125 seconds This specifies the length of time between sending IGMP queries Max Response Time 10...

Страница 160: ...elivery It relies upon RIP hop counts to calculate shortest paths back to the source of a multicast message but defines a route cost to calculate which branches of a multicast delivery tree should be...

Страница 161: ...menu links are located in the PIM DM subdirectory located in the Layer 3 IP Networking configuration folder The Protocol Independent Multicast Dense Mode PIM DM protocol should be used in networks wit...

Страница 162: ...his must be a previously defined IP interface IP Address Displays the IP address for the IP interface named above Hello Interval 30 This field allows an entry of between 0 and 18724 seconds and determ...

Страница 163: ...h MAC addresses and IP addresses Static IP forwarding is accomplished by the entry of an IP address into the switch s Static IP Routing table Static routes that have been previously configured appear...

Страница 164: ...kup Status Specify the route as Primary or Backup If a single IP route is used it is unnecessary to change this Designate a backup route if an alternate route is desired A backup IP route is sometimes...

Страница 165: ...gs using this menu Figure 22 5 RIP Status RIP settings are configured for each IP interface on the Switch Click the RIP Interface Settings link in the RIP folder The menu appears in table form listing...

Страница 166: ...isabled prevents the transmission of RIP packets RX Mode Disabled Toggle among Disabled V1 Only V2 Only and V1 or V2 This entry specifies which version of the RIP protocol will be used to interpret re...

Страница 167: ...advisable to begin with the backbone area 0 and work outward The Link State Algorithm An OSPF router uses a link state algorithm to build a shortest path tree to all destinations known to the router T...

Страница 168: ...lays in sending packets over a 56 Kbps dial up connection than over a 10 Mbps Ethernet connection The formula used to calculate the OSPF cost is as follows Cost 100 000 000 bandwidth in bps As an exam...

Страница 169: ...ed in the Router A s shortest path tree The resulting tree will look like this Router A Router B Router C 128 213 0 0 192 213 11 0 222 211 10 0 0 10 10 5 10 Figure 23 3 Constructing a Shortest Path Tr...

Страница 170: ...by Border Routers and describe links to networks outside the area but within the Autonomous System AS Network Link State Updates issued by multi access areas that have more than one attached router On...

Страница 171: ...e is at the center of all other areas all areas of the network have a physical or virtual connection to the backbone through a router OSPF allows routing information to be distributed by forwarding it...

Страница 172: ...been seen before its neighbors declare the OSPF router down OSPF routers exchange Hello packets on each segment in order to acknowledge each other s existence on a segment and to elect a Designated R...

Страница 173: ...ry The primary router will poll the secondary for information Exchange Routers will describe their entire link state database by sending database description packets Loading The routers are finalizing...

Страница 174: ...f the packet s contents except for the 64 bit authentication field Authentication Type The type of authentication to be used for the packet Authentication A 64 bit field used by the authentication sch...

Страница 175: ...he view of the advertising router The DR is identified here by its IP interface address on the network Backup Designated Router The identity of the Backup Designated Router BDR for this network The BD...

Страница 176: ...increments until the complete database description has been sent The rest of the packet consists of a list of the topological database s pieces Each link state advertisement in the database is descri...

Страница 177: ...te advertisements may be included in a single packet Link State Update packets are multicast on those physical networks that support multicast broadcast In order to make the flooding procedure reliabl...

Страница 178: ...ce Link State Advertisement Formats There are five distinct types of link state advertisements Each link state advertisement begins with a standard 20 byte link state advertisement header Succeeding s...

Страница 179: ...are as follows Type Description 1 Router Links Network Links Summary Link IP Network Summary Link ASBR AS External Link Link State ID This field identifies the portion of the internet environment tha...

Страница 180: ...ervice TOS Router links advertisements are flooded throughout a single area only Table 9 Routers Links Advertisement Field Description V bit When set the router is an endpoint of an active virtual lin...

Страница 181: ...nection it specifies the interface s MIB II ifIndex value For other link types it specifies the router s associated IP interface address This latter piece of information is needed during the routing t...

Страница 182: ...Length Network Link Advertisements 2 Network Mask Attached Router Table 11 Network Link Advertisement Field Description Network Mask The IP address mask for the network Attached Router The Router Ids...

Страница 183: ...ised for each IP Type of Service Note that the cost for TOS 0 must be included and is always listed first If the T bit is reset in the advertisement s Option field only a route for TOS 0 is described...

Страница 184: ...ink State Sequence Number Link State Checksum Length Network Mask TOS Metric AS External Link Advertisements 5 Forwarding Address External Route Tag E Table 13 AS External System Advertisement Field D...

Страница 185: ...SPF Interface Configuration OSPF Virtual Interface Settings Area Aggregation Configuration OSPF Host Route Settings Route Redistribution Settings This chapter describes how to configure OSPF settings...

Страница 186: ...ogy information to the OSPF routing domain MD5 Keys created here are entered in when setting up OSPF interfaces Please read the description in the section below about OSPF Interface Settings To config...

Страница 187: ...general OSPF configuration Parameter Description OSPF Route ID A 32 bit number in the same format as an IP address xxx xxx xxx xxx that uniquely identifies the Switch in the OSPF domain It is common...

Страница 188: ...nd then click the Edit button Figure 24 7 OSPF Area Setting Edit The following fields can be set or are displayed Parameter Description Area ID A 32 bit number in the form of an IP address xxx xxx xxx...

Страница 189: ...ppear listed To configure an OSPF Interface click on the OSPF Interface Configuration link Figure 24 8 OSPF Interface Configuration All of the IP Interfaces currently configured on the switch will be...

Страница 190: ...n None Simple and MD5 using the space bar This allows a choice of authorization schemes for OSPF packets that may be exchanged over the OSPF routing domain None specifies no authorization Simple uses...

Страница 191: ...s The Hello Interval Dead Interval Authorization Type and Authorization Key should have identical settings for all routers on the same network Dead Interval Specify the length of time between receivin...

Страница 192: ...gation Configuration To add an OSPF Area Aggregation entry on the switch click the New button Figure 24 13 OSPF Aggregation Configuration Add Specify the OSPF Aggregation settings and click the Apply...

Страница 193: ...e 24 14 OSPF Host Route Settings To add a OSPF Host Route on the switch click the New button Figure 24 15 OSPF Host Route Settings Add Specify the host route settings and click the Apply button to add...

Страница 194: ...ndividual routers current routing protocol The DES 3326S can redistribute routing information between the OSPF and RIP routing protocols to all routers on the network that are running OSPF or RIP Rout...

Страница 195: ...otocol of the source device Available choices are RIP OSPF or Static Dest Protocol Allows the selection of the protocol of the destination device Available choices are RIP and OSPF Type Allows the sel...

Страница 196: ...r Optic UTP Cat 5 for 100Mbps UTP Cat 3 4 5 for 10Mbps EIA TIA 568 100 ohm screened twisted pair STP 100m IEC 793 2 1992 Type A1a 50 125um multimode Type A1b 62 5 125um multimode Both types use SC opt...

Страница 197: ...ng Temperature 0 to 50 degrees Celsius 32 to 122 degrees Fahrenheit Storage Temperature 25 to 55 degrees Celsius 13 to 131 degrees Fahrenheit Humidity Operating 5 to 95 RH non condensing Storage 0 to...

Страница 198: ...rformed between an IP address and a subnet mask Subnet Address another name for network address IP Addresses The Internet Protocol IP was designed for routing data between network sites Later it was a...

Страница 199: ...classes makes the task of dividing a network into subnets a bit easier There are 5 address classes The first 4 bits in the IP address determine which class the IP address falls in Class A addresses b...

Страница 200: ...he IP address Multiplying the number of subnets by the number of nodes available per subnet gives the total number of nodes for the entire network For example 00001010 00101010 01001001 11010010 10 42...

Страница 201: ...5636 9 255 255 128 0 17 510 32766 16710660 10 255 255 192 0 18 1022 16382 16742404 11 255 255 224 0 19 2046 8190 16756740 12 255 255 240 0 20 4094 4094 16760836 13 255 255 248 0 21 8190 2046 16756740...

Страница 202: ...26 510 64260 8 255 255 255 0 24 254 254 64516 9 255 255 255 128 25 510 126 64260 10 255 255 255 192 26 1022 62 63364 11 255 255 255 224 27 2046 30 61380 12 255 255 255 240 28 4094 14 57316 13 255 255...

Страница 203: ...I model is shown below note that this is not a complete listing of the protocols contained within each layer of the model Figure B 1 OSI Seven Layer Network Model Each layer is a distinct set of progr...

Страница 204: ...s defined Layer 2 This layer commonly called the Switching layer allows end station addressing and the establishment of connections between them Layer 2 Switching forwards packets based on the unique...

Страница 205: ...are received by the appropriate computers It keeps track of what is sent and what is received and retransmits any packets that are lost or dropped TCP also handles the division of large messages into...

Страница 206: ...nt of time the data is resent The window field controls the amount of data being sent at any one time It would require too much time and overhead to acknowledge each packet received Each end of the TC...

Страница 207: ...ype code There is no relationship between the MAC address of a network node and its IP address There must be a database of Ethernet addresses and their corresponding IP addresses Different protocol fa...

Страница 208: ...ds to be different It is possible for example for two users to send files to the same destination at the same time This could give the following connection numbers Internet addresses TCP ports Connect...

Страница 209: ...hat hierarchical fashion A single server often holds names for a single network which is connected to a root DNS server usually maintained by an ISP Domain Name Resolution The domain name system can b...

Страница 210: ...e expires the network device sends a message to the DHCP server requesting a lease renewal The DHCP server can send an acknowledgement containing a new lease and updated configuration information If a...

Страница 211: ...ts the local network to a backbone network or to the Internet This default gateway is also used whenever no specific route is found for a packet or when there are several gateways on a network Local c...

Страница 212: ...n field of the packets to be sent If the remote computer does not have an ARP cache entry the local computer must send an ARP request and wait for a reply When the local computer receives the ARP repl...

Страница 213: ...ses For example the block of multicast addresses ranging from 224 0 0 1 to 224 0 0 225 is reserved for use by routing protocols and some other low level topology discovery and maintenance protocols So...

Страница 214: ...hip Query if Group Address is Present 0x16 Membership Report version 2 0x17 Leave a Group version 2 0x12 Membership Report version 1 Multicast routers use IGMP to manage multicast group memberships An...

Страница 215: ...eceive at least one copy of the multicast packet There are some obvious disadvantages to this simple algorithm Flooding duplicates a lot of packets and uses a lot of network bandwidth A multicast rout...

Страница 216: ...subnetwork Since multicast packets are forwarded through the shortest route between source and destination RPB is fast A given router also does not need information about the entire spanning tree nor...

Страница 217: ...devices running RIP active and passive Active devices advertise their routes to others through RIP messages while passive devices listen to these messages Both active and passive routers update their...

Страница 218: ...default route The distances measured in router hops are entered in the Distance to Source Network and Distance to Destination Network fields RIP 1 Route Interpretation RIP 1 Message RIP is not limited...

Страница 219: ...sion 2 can be used to propagate variable length subnet addresses or CIDR classless addresses RIP version 2 also adds an explicit next hop entry which speeds convergence and helps prevent the formation...

Страница 220: ...et is 100Mbps BOOTP The BOOTP protocol allows you to automatically map an IP address to a given MAC address each time a device is startesd In addition the protocol can assign the subnet mask and defau...

Страница 221: ...EE 802 1w SLIP Serial Line Internet Protocol A protocol that allows IP to run over a serial line connection SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol A protocol originally designed to be used in managin...

Страница 222: ...ced Hardware is delivered If a material defect is incapable of correction or if D Link determines in its sole discretion that it is not practical to repair or replace the defective Hardware the price...

Страница 223: ...nd shipped in strict compliance with the foregoing requirements or for which an RMA number is not visible from the outside of the package The product owner agrees to pay D Link s reasonable handling a...

Страница 224: ...and exclusions may not apply This limited warranty provides specific legal rights and the product owner may also have other rights which vary from state to state Trademarks Copyright 2005 D Link Corp...

Страница 225: ...ink or for which the purchase price is refunded shall become the property of D Link upon replacement or refund Limited Software Warranty D Link warrants that the software portion of the product Softwa...

Страница 226: ...charges are prepaid by the customer D Link may reject or return any product that is not packaged and shipped in strict compliance with the foregoing requirements or for which an RMA number is not visi...

Страница 227: ...tive owners Copyright Statement No part of this publication or documentation accompanying this product may be reproduced in any form or by any means or used to make any derivative such as translation...

Страница 228: ...itch Product Registration Register online your D Link product at http support dlink com register Product registration is entirely voluntary and failure to complete or return this form will not diminis...

Страница 229: ...Product Warranty D LINK warrants that the products described below under normal use are free from material defects in materials and workmanship during the Limited Product Warranty Period set forth be...

Страница 230: ...ard supersedes and replaces the warranty period as stated in the user s manual or in the purchase contract for the relevant products For the avoidance of doubt if you have purchased the relevant D LIN...

Страница 231: ...under this limited warranty become the property of D LINK The replacement part or product takes on the remaining limited warranty status of the removed part or product The replacement product need no...

Страница 232: ...ngeschr nkten Garantie Garantielaufzeit frei von wesentlichen Verarbeitungs und Materialfehlern sind Voraussetzung hierf r ist jedoch dass das Produkt entsprechend dem Benutzerhandbuch und den weitere...

Страница 233: ...nkte Garantie des entfernten Teils oder Produkts wird auf das Ersatzteil oder produkt bertragen Das Austauschprodukt muss weder neu sein noch dem defekten Produkt ganz oder in Teilen entsprechen D LI...

Страница 234: ...e indiqu e ci dessous P riode de Garantie Produit Limit e sous r serve qu ils soient utilis s et entretenus conform ment au manuel utilisateur et aux autres documents remis au client lors de l achat...

Страница 235: ...de cette garantie limit e deviennent propri t de D LINK La pi ce ou le produit de remplacement est couvert par la garantie limit e de la pi ce ou du produit d origine pendant la p riode restante Le p...

Страница 236: ...t a limitada del producto si el producto se ha utilizado y mantenido conforme a lo recogido en el manual del usuario o en otra documentaci n que se haya proporcionado al comprador en el momento de la...

Страница 237: ...mponentes que se eliminen bajo esta garant a limitada ser n propiedad de D LINK La parte o el producto de repuesto adquiere para el resto de la garant a limitada el estatus de parte o producto elimina...

Страница 238: ...condizione che vengano utilizzati e sottoposti a manutenzione in conformit con il manuale d uso e con ogni altra documentazione fornita all acquirente all atto dell acquisto e relativi emendamenti D...

Страница 239: ...termini e alle condizioni della presente garanzia divengono di propriet di D LINK Il pezzo o il prodotto in sostituzione beneficer della garanzia per il tempo residuo della parte o del prodotto origi...

Страница 240: ...tralia 1 Giffnock Avenue North Ryde NSW 2113 Australia TEL 61 2 8899 1800 FAX 61 2 8899 1868 URL www dlink com au India D Link House Kurla Bandra Complex Road Off CST Road Santacruz East Mumbai 400098...

Страница 241: ...________ Others__________________________________________ 6 What network medium media does your organization use 9 Would you recommend your D Link product to a friend _________________________________...

Страница 242: ......

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