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User’s Manual: SW-10200

5. VLAN SETTING

5.1. Introduction to VLAN

Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) is a network topology configured according to a logical scheme rather

than the physical location. VLAN can be used to combine any collection of LAN segments into an autonomous user

group that appears as a single LAN. VLAN also logically segment the network into different broadcast domains so

that packets are forwarded only between ports within the VLAN. Typically, a VLAN corresponds to a particular

subnet, although not necessarily.

VLAN can enhance performance by conserving bandwidth, and improve security by limiting traffic to specific

domains.

End nodes that frequently communicate with each other are assigned to the same VLAN, regardless of where

they are physically on the network. Logically, a VLAN can be equated to a broadcast domain, because broadcast

packets are forwarded to only members of the VLAN on which the broadcast was initiated.

No matter what basis is used to uniquely identify end nodes and assign these nodes VLAN

membership, packets cannot cross VLAN without a network device performing a routing function

between the VLAN.

5.1.1. IEEE 802.1Q Standard

IEEE 802.1Q (tagged) VLAN is implemented on the Switch. 802.1Q VLAN require tagging, which enables

them to span the entire network (assuming all switches on the network are IEEE 802.1Q-compliant).

VLANs allow a network to be segmented in order to reduce the size of broadcast domains. All packets

entering a VLAN will only be forwarded to IEEE 802.1Q enabled switches that are members of that VLAN, including

broadcast, multicast and unicast packets from unknown sources.

VLAN can also provide a level of security to your network. IEEE 802.1Q VLAN will only deliver packets

between stations that are members of the VLAN. Any port can be configured as either tagging or untagging.



The untagging feature of IEEE 802.1Q VLAN allows a VLAN to work with legacy switches not recognizing

VLAN tags in packet headers.



The tagging feature allows VLAN to span multiple 802.1Q-compliant switches through a single physical

connection and allows Spanning Tree to be enabled and working normally on all ports.

Some relevant terms:



Tagging: The act of putting 802.1Q VLAN information into the packet header.



Untagging: The act of stripping 802.1Q VLAN information out of the packet header.

802.1Q VLAN Tags

The figure below shows the 802.1Q VLAN tag. There are four additional octets inserted after the source MAC

address. Their presence is indicated by a value of 0x8100 in the Ether Type field. When a packet's Ether Type field

is equal to 0x8100, the packet carries the IEEE 802.1Q/802.1p tag. The tag is contained in the following two octets

and consists of 3 bits of user priority, 1 bit of Canonical Format Identifier (CFI - used for encapsulating Token Ring

packets so they can be carried across Ethernet backbones), and 12 bits of VLAN ID (VID). The 3 bits of user priority

are used by 802.1p. The VID is the VLAN identifier and is used by the 802.1Q standard. Because the VID is 12 bits

long, 4094 unique VLAN can be identified.

The tag is inserted into the packet header making the entire packet longer by 4 octets. All of the information

originally contained in the packet is retained.

The Ether Type and VLAN ID are inserted after the MAC source address, but before the original Ether

Type/Length or Logical Link Control. Because the packet is now a bit longer than it was originally, the Cyclic

Redundancy Check (CRC) must be recalculated.

Port VLAN ID

Tagged packets (carrying the 802.1Q VID information) can be transmitted from one 802.1Q compliant network

Содержание SW-10200

Страница 1: ...User s Manual SW 10200 PoE Switch 802 3at 8 x 10 100 PoE 802 3at plus 2 Gigabit Combo Ports RJ45 SFP Rev 141022 ...

Страница 2: ...rated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the Instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at whose own...

Страница 3: ... 11 3 4 Firmware Update 12 3 5 Logging out 12 4 PORT MANAGEMENT 13 4 1 Port Configuration 13 4 1 1 Auto negotiation 13 4 2 Port Mirroring 14 4 3 Bandwidth Control 14 4 3 1 Broadcast Storm Control 15 4 4 PoE Settings 15 4 4 1 PoE Introduction 15 5 VLAN SETTING 17 5 1 Introduction to VLAN 17 5 1 1 IEEE 802 1Q Standard 17 5 2 VLAN Configuration 18 5 2 1 VLAN Mode 18 5 2 2 VLAN Member 19 5 3 Multi to ...

Страница 4: ...ARDWARE 33 A 1 RJ 45 Pin Assignments 33 40BA 2 10 100Mbps 10 100Base TX 33 APPENDIX B Store and Forward 35 APPENDIX C PoE OVERVIEW 36 C 1 PoE System Architecture 36 C 1 1 Power Transference through a CAT5 Ethernet cable 36 C 2 PoE Provisioning Process 37 C 2 1 Line Detection 37 C 2 2 Classification 38 C 2 3 Start up 38 C 2 4 Operation 38 C 2 5 Power Overloads 38 C 3 Power Disconnection Scenarios 3...

Страница 5: ...nagement Port Management Port Configuration Port Mirroring Bandwidth Control Broadcast Storm Control PoE On Off Setting VLAN Setting Port based Tag based VLAN ID 1 4094 Trunking 2 groups 1 4 port for each group QoS Setting Priority Mode Class of Service Configuration TCP UDP Port based Trunking Link Aggregation Setting Security Setting MAC address filtering TCP UDP Port filtering STP RSTP Spanning...

Страница 6: ...ct Status Per Unit Power Power Consumption 260 Watts Max Power Input 100 240V AC 50 60Hz Power Output 48V DC per Port Output 30W Max per Port Product Dimensions Weight 266 260 44 mm L W H 2 5kg Performance MAC Address 4K Buffer Memory 2 75Mb Transmission Method Store and Forward ...

Страница 7: ...here is a need to return it for repair Figure 1 SW 10200 switch 2 2 Hardware Description This section describes the hardware features and installation of the 8 PoE port 2 port Gigabit Ethernet Combo Web Managed Switch For easier management and control familiarize yourself with its display indicators and ports Read this chapter completely before connecting any network device to it Physical Dimensio...

Страница 8: ...PoE On Port is linked to powered device Off No Powered device connected Table 1 LED status descriptions Rear Panel The 3 pronged power plug is placed at the rear panel of the switch right side as shown below Figure 3 Rear panel overview Hardware Installation Set the switch on a large flat space with a power socket close by The flat space should be clean smooth level and sturdy Make sure there is e...

Страница 9: ...ion V110613 or older A login screen will appear On authentication Password successfully entered will appear and you will be taken to the main page as shown below Figure 5 Web interface main page If not this message will appear Figure 6 Login error The factory default password and login for switches with the F W version v141015 or newer Username i3admin Password i3admin The factory default password...

Страница 10: ...ateway Figure 8 Configure the switch IP Parameters are as follows IP address Manually assign the IP address of the switch The default IP Address is 192 168 0 10 for switches with the F W version V141015 or newer or 192 0 0 20 for switches with the F W version V110613 or older Subnet Mask Assign the subnet mask to the IP address Gateway Assign the network gateway Default gateway is 192 168 0 254 fo...

Страница 11: ...ick Auto Logout Default to shut down the switch when the interface has been idle for the duration specified Click Back to the last display to revert the web interface back to the last screen when the interface has been idle for the duration specified Click Update to save your changes 3 3 Factory Settings 3 3 1 Software Reset Clicking the Load button will revert the switch to its original factory c...

Страница 12: ...re Update Before updating the switch firmware it is recommended that flash memory on the switch be erased The Boot Loader will be kept intact by a self protection mechanism which ensures correct functioning even in the event of power loss or network failure during the update Figure 11 Confirm the firmware update Enter your password and confirm it in the appropriate fields Click Update This screen ...

Страница 13: ...ation summary Figure 13 Configure auto negotiation settings In Port Configuration you can set and view the operation mode for each port Check the checkbox next to the port number to view or change its current configuration Select Port No Check the check boxes beside the port numbers being set Configure the ports using the drop down lists at the top The parameters are TX RX Capability When Auto Neg...

Страница 14: ...ing The parameters for this setting are Destination mirroring port For monitoring RX only TX only or both RX and TX traffic from the source port Mirroring ports can be connected to LAN analyzer or Netxray Monitored Packets Expand the drop down menu to select between RX TX or both RX and TX Source Port Select ports to monitor All monitored port traffic will be copied to the mirroring destination po...

Страница 15: ...t PoE read the Appendix section PoE Provisioning Process 4 4 1 PoE Introduction Based on the global standard IEEE 802 3af PoE is a technology for wired Ethernet PoE allows the electrical power necessary for the operation of each end device IP Cameras VoIP phones etc to be carried by data cables rather than by separate power cords Such a network configuration helps enterprises improve productivity ...

Страница 16: ...User s Manual SW 10200 16 Figure 18 Configure PoE ...

Страница 17: ...EEE 802 1Q VLAN will only deliver packets between stations that are members of the VLAN Any port can be configured as either tagging or untagging The untagging feature of IEEE 802 1Q VLAN allows a VLAN to work with legacy switches not recognizing VLAN tags in packet headers The tagging feature allows VLAN to span multiple 802 1Q compliant switches through a single physical connection and allows Sp...

Страница 18: ...VIDs as the switch has memory in its VLAN table to store them Because some devices on a network may be tag unaware a decision must be made at each port on a tag aware device before packets are transmitted If the transmitting port is connected to a tag unaware device the packet should be untagged If the transmitting port is connected to a tag aware device the packet should be tagged Untagged VLANs ...

Страница 19: ...tag of the outgoing packet of the selected port will not be sent Use this setting for your Network Connections to PCs Only packets of the VLAN Group the Port is member of will be sent 5 2 2 VLAN Member The ports need to be made member of your VLAN groups This is for Tag Based and Port Based VLAN Mode The options available on this screen will depend on whether VLAN is running in Tag Based or Port B...

Страница 20: ...its setting will be displayed at the bottom of the screen With the PVID Setting define to which VLAN group incoming traffic belongs For example port 1 is a member of group 100 and 101 A simple PC is connected to Port 1 If that PC is now sending out data with PVID you define if that data is for group 100 or 101 A summary of VLANs and their members is given in the VLAN Member table 5 3 Multi to 1 Se...

Страница 21: ... you change the counter category the counter will be cleared automatically Figure 24 View statistics for each switch port on this screen Transmit packet Receive packet Both the received packet count excluding incorrect packets and the transmitted packet count Collision Count Transmit packet The packets outgoing from the switch and collisions Drop packet Receive packet The number of received valid ...

Страница 22: ...you want the switch to treat selected applications and types of traffic You can use QoS on your system to control a wide variety of network traffic by Classifying traffic based on packet attributes Assigning priorities to traffic for example to set higher priorities to time critical or business critical applications Applying security policy through traffic filtering Provide predictable throughput ...

Страница 23: ... set in each queue Click Update to save your changes 71B7 2 2 Port 802 1p IP DS based Note that checking Port Base VLAN Tag or IP DS will cause the port checked to be treated as high priority Click Update to save your changes Figure 26 Check any of the three options to enable high priority ...

Страница 24: ...the port number being assigned the MAC addresses MAC Address Assign up to 3 MAC addresses to the port Read Click the read button to show the MAC addresses bound with a specified port or modify the MAC addresses Select Port Use the drop down menu to choose a port number to be set Binding Select to Enable or Disable for the binding function Click Update to save your changes 8 2 TCP UDP Filter Filter...

Страница 25: ...elect negative in the drop down menu and in the Protocol section select ports to forward To disallow forwarding filter select positive in the drop down menu and in the Protocol section select ports to filter Protocol Check the protocols to filter forward Secure WAN port Select the port on which WAN traffic is to be sent through Click Update to save your changes ...

Страница 26: ...omplished automatically without operator intervention To access Spanning Tree options click on the link Spanning Tree in the navigation pane of the web interface Figure 30 Set options for the bridge in STP Bridge Priority This parameter configures the spanning tree priority globally for this switch The device with the highest priority becomes the STP root device If all devices have the same priori...

Страница 27: ...best path between devices Therefore lower values should be assigned to ports attached to faster media and higher values assigned to ports with slower media Set the RSTP path cost on the port between 0 and 200000000 0 indicates an automatically calculated path cost State Displays whether a port is a designated root or blocked port Click Update to save your changes A summary of port statuses can be ...

Страница 28: ...ent traffic collision by configuring Loopback Detection Loopback Detect Function Choose whether to Enable or Disable this function Auto Wake Up Determine whether or not the controller is set to wake up or not Wake Up Time Interval Specify duration in the drop down menu Click Update to save your changes A summary of the configuration can be seen in the table at the bottom of the screen ...

Страница 29: ...runk is lost or returned to service This switch may use Port ID Source MAC Address Destination MAC Address or a combination of Source MAC Address and Destination MAC Address as the selecting factor for this algorithm The Traffic pattern on the network should be considered carefully before applying it When a proper hash algorithm is used network traffic will be load balanced and transmitted across ...

Страница 30: ...ce Figure 34 Manage backup and recovery of switch settings This function provides the user with a method to backup recover switch configuration Save a configuration file by clicking Download This will save a file of current settings To recover a configuration type its path into the field and enter the administrator password Click Update to save your changes ...

Страница 31: ...m the allowable time defined by the protocol and become a useless packet To prevent these packets from wasting the bandwidth this option will remove them VLAN Striding By selecting this function uni cast packets are forwarded to the destination port even if the destination port is in the same VLAN IGMP Snooping The switch will execute IGMP snooping version 1 and version 2 without CPU intervention ...

Страница 32: ... network Solution Check the LNK ACT LED on the switch Try another port on the Switch Solution Make sure the cable is installed properly Make sure the cable is the right type Turn off the power After a while turn on power again 100Base TX port link LED is lit but the traffic is irregular Solution Check that the attached device is not set to dedicate full duplex Some devices use a physical or softwa...

Страница 33: ...ub a straight or crossover cable is necessary Each port of the Switch supports auto MDI MDI X detection That means you can directly connect the Switch to any Ethernet devices without making a crossover cable The following table and diagram show the standard RJ 45 receptacle connector and their pin assignments Contact MDI Media Dependant Interface MDI X Media Dependant Interface Cross 1 Tx transmit...

Страница 34: ...own SIDE 2 Table 5 Straight through cable pins Crossover Cable SIDE 1 SIDE2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 SIDE 1 1 White Orange 2 Orange 3 White Green 4 Blue 5 White Blue 6 Green 7 White Brown 8 Brown 1 White Green 2 Green 3 White Orange 4 Blue 5 White Blue 6 Orange 7 White Brown 8 Brown SIDE 2 Table 6 Crossover cable pins Please make sure your connected cables are with same pin assignment and c...

Страница 35: ...by increasing throughput and availability However the switch is most commonly used to segment existing hubs which nearly always improves overall performance An Ethernet switch can be easily configured in any network environment to significantly boost bandwidth using conventional cabling and adapters Due to the learning function of the switch the source address and corresponding port number of each...

Страница 36: ...le the PD is a PoE enabled terminal such as IP Phones Wireless LAN etc Power can be delivered over data pairs or spare pairs of standard CAT 5 cabling C 1 1 Power Transference through a CAT5 Ethernet cable A standard CAT5 Ethernet cable has four twisted pairs but only two of these are used for 10BASE T and 100BASE T specifications The specification allows two options for using these cables for pow...

Страница 37: ...lled start up the PSE begins supplying the 48 VDC level to the PD till it is physically or electrically disconnected during which voltage and power will shut down Since the PSE is responsible for the PoE process timing it is the one generating the probing signals prior to operating the PD and monitoring the various scenarios that may occur during operation All probing is done using voltage inducti...

Страница 38: ...wer level than the allowed 12 95 Watts or an outright short circuit caused by a failure in cabling or in the PD the PSE must shut down power within 50 to 75 milliseconds while limiting current drain during this period to protect the cabling infrastructure Immediate voltage drop is avoided to prevent shutdown due to random fluctuations C 3 Power Disconnection Scenarios The IEEE 802 3af standard req...

Страница 39: ...g it a unique IP address DHCP Relay DHCP Relay is used to forward and to transfer DHCP messages between the clients and the server when they are not on the same subnet domain The DHCP option 82 enables a DHCP relay agent to insert specific information into a DHCP request packets when forwarding client DHCP packets to a DHCP server and remove the specific information from a DHCP reply packets when ...

Страница 40: ...IP is an acronym for Internet Protocol It is a protocol used for communicating data across an internet network IP is a best effort system which means that no packet of information sent over it is assured to reach its destination in the same condition it was sent Each device connected to a Local Area Network LAN or Wide Area Network WAN is given an Internet Protocol address and this IP address is u...

Страница 41: ...s an acronym for Powered Device In a PoE system the power is delivered from a PSE power sourcing equipment to a remote device The remote device is called a PD PING ping is a program that sends a series of packets over a network or the Internet to a specific computer in order to generate a response from that computer The other computer responds with an acknowledgment that it received the packets Pi...

Страница 42: ...efore QoS is the set of techniques to manage network resources R Router Port A router port is a port on the Ethernet switch that leads a switch towards a multicast device RSTP In 1998 the IEEE with document 802 1w introduced an evolution of STP the Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol which provides for faster spanning tree convergence after a topology change Standard IEEE 802 1D 2004 now incorporates RST...

Страница 43: ... means that the application program that uses UDP must be able to make sure that the entire message has arrived and is in the right order Network applications that want to save processing time because they have very small data units to exchange may prefer UDP to TCP UDP provides two services not provided by the IP layer It provides port numbers to help distinguish different user requests and optio...

Страница 44: ...User s Manual SW 10200 44 VLAN ID VLAN ID is a 12 bit field specifying the VLAN to which the frame belongs ...

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