Freeze-dryer Alpha 1-4 LDplus
Freeze-dryer Alpha 2-4 LDplus
12 Glossary
Version 11/2006, Rev. 2.2 of 17/10/2016
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Translation of the original operating manual
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12 Glossary
Desorption
Desorption (from Latin de-sorbere, sorbere = sup up, suck in) describes a
phenomenon whereby molecules are released from the surface of a solid.
In order to be able to desorb, the particle must have, or be provided with, a
sufficient amount of energy in order to overcome the binding energy.
Eutectic point
The eutectic point is the point at which a homogenous mixture (e.g. a
eutectic alloy) passes directly from the liquid to the solid phase without the
formation of a crystal mixture that consists of different phases.
Single-chamber method
At the single-chamber method, the freezing as well as the subsequent
drying of the product are both performed in the ice condenser chamber.
The sample is frozen as a result of the low temperature of the ice
condenser
(
–55°C in the case of one-stage systems or –85°C in the case of two-stage
systems). The inside of the chamber can be cooled to approximately
–20°C
or
–40°C. The moderate supply of the frozen sample with energy, which is
necessary during the main drying phase, is ensured by heatable shelves on
which the product is placed.
Double-chamber method
Drying on shelves outside the ice condenser chamber is referred to as a
double-chamber system. The advantage compared to the
s
ingle-
chamber method
is the considerably higher product capacity. In addition,
the product chamber can be isolated from the ice condenser chamber by
an intermediate valve in order to perform a so-called
pressure increase
test
for determining the end of the drying process. In freeze-dryers without
an active shelf cooling, the samples need to be pre-frozen externally, e.g. in
a deep-freeze or freezer cabinet. After the transfer of the product into the
freeze-dryer, the actual
sublimation
is started.
Reference designator
During the service life of industrial systems, a standardised reference
designation system is required for the planning, design, realisation,
maintenance, and disassembly stages in order to be able at all times to
identify every single component within the system in an unambiguous
manner. The reference designators) are affixed to the components and
entered into the technical documentation (e.g. circuit diagrams).
Sublimation
Sublimation (from Latin "sublimis" = high up in the air, raised), is a
thermodynamic process of the direct transition of a substance from the
solid phase to the gas phase.
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