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TDR200-Based Time-Domain Reflectometry System

PC-TDR

software includes a calibration wizard, displays waveform

information, troubleshoots the reflectometer, and generates a CRBasic

program.

Software developers can customize the user interface using

information provided in Appendix

Terminal Commands

(p. D-1)

A TDR system consisting of a datalogger, TDR200, SDM8X50 multiplexers,

12 V power supply, weatherproof enclosure, and solar panel is used to get

automated measurements at prescribed time intervals. A single TDR probe can

be connected directly to the TDR200 or multiple probes connected using

SDM8X50 coaxial multiplexers.

For field applications, the ENCTDR100 enclosure is recommended. The

ENCTDR100 is a white, fiberglass reinforced enclosure that protects the

TDR200 and other system components from weather, condensing humidity,

and dust.

6. Specifications

Features:

•

Uses compact, low-cost TDR200 with performance features that

match or exceed other available reflectometers

•

Makes non-destructive, long-term, in-situ soil measurements

•

Provides measurement time of 2 s for water content, electrical

conductivity or reflection waveform collection (250 data points)

•

Measures up to 512 TDR probes

•

Uses

PC-TDR

software to facilitate system setup

•

Compatible with Campbell Scientific CRBasic dataloggers: CR6

series, CR800 series, CR1000, and CR3000

PC-TDR

3.0 requirements:

Runs on Windows 10, 8, 7, and Vista

Compliance information:

View EU Declaration of Conformity

documentation at:

www.campbellsci.com/tdr200

6.1 TDR200 Performance

Pulse generator output:

250 mV into 50 ohms

Output impedance:

Time response of combined pulse

generator and sampling circuit:

≤

85 ps

Pulse generator aberrations:

± 16% within first 1 ns;

± 1% after 1 ns

Pulse length:

25.5 µs

Operating frequency:

Band centered around 11.75 GHz

NOTE

Содержание TDR200

Страница 1: ...INSTRUCTION MANUAL TDR200 Based Time Domain Reflectometry System Revision 4 17 C o p y r i g h t 2 0 1 6 2 0 1 7 C a m p b e l l S c i e n t i f i c I n c ...

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Страница 4: ...ner Campbell Scientific s shipping address is CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC CANADA CORP RMA _____ 14532 131 Avenue NW Edmonton Alberta T5L 4X4 Canada For all returns the client must fill out a Statement of Product Cleanliness and Decontamination form and comply with the requirements specified in it The form is available from our web site at www campbellsci ca repair A completed form must be either emailed t...

Страница 5: ...e protection and take other appropriate safety precautions while working on or around tripods and towers Do not climb tripods or towers at any time and prohibit climbing by other persons Take reasonable precautions to secure tripod and tower sites from trespassers Use only manufacturer recommended parts materials and tools Utility and Electrical You can be killed or sustain serious bodily injury i...

Страница 6: ...z ounce 28 35 g 1 lb pound weight 0 454 kg Pressure 1 psi lb in2 68 95 mb Volume 1 US gallon 3 785 litres In addition part ordering numbers may vary For example the CABLE5CBL is a CSI part number and known as a FIN5COND at Campbell Scientific Canada CSC CSC Technical Support will be pleased to assist with any questions About sensor wiring Please note that certain sensor configurations may require ...

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Страница 8: ...0 6 3 1 Physical 10 6 3 2 Electrical 10 7 Installation 11 7 1 System Components Datalogger Control 11 7 1 1 Datalogger 11 7 1 2 TDR200 11 7 1 3 SDM8X50 12 7 1 4 Power Supply 12 7 1 4 1 Grounding 12 7 1 5 SDM Communication 13 7 1 5 1 SDM Addressing for TDR200 System 13 7 1 5 2 SDM Cable and Connections 13 7 1 6 ENCTDR100 14 7 1 6 1 Mounting Equipment in ENCTDR100 14 7 1 7 Soil Probes 15 7 1 7 1 Det...

Страница 9: ...ction D 1 D 1 1 About Notation Used in this Document D 2 D 1 2 Commands Requiring a Parameter D 2 D 1 3 Commands Without a Parameter D 2 D 1 4 Responses D 2 D 1 4 1 Error Response D 3 D 1 4 2 Ack Response D 3 D 1 4 3 Value Response D 3 D 2 Command Usage and Responses D 3 Figures 7 1 TDR System Components 11 7 2 Terminal strip adapters for connections to battery 12 7 3 ENCTDR100 with SDM8X50 PS150 ...

Страница 10: ...8 0 26 0 30 and 0 37 Solution electrical conductivity is 10 2 dS m 1 20 A 1 SDMX50 signal attenuation A 3 A 2 Location of address jumpers on SDMX50 A 4 CRBasic Example B 1 TDR200 Program Using One CS635 Connected to the SDM8X50 B 1 ...

Страница 11: ...Table of Contents iv ...

Страница 12: ...tic discharge damage avoid touching the inner part of the panel BNC connector or the center rod of TDR probes connected to the TDR200 The maximum recommended total length of all synchronous device for measurement SDM cables should not exceed 500 feet Longer total lengths cause unreliable communication between SDM devices The insulation for the individual wires of the SDM cable affects the frequenc...

Страница 13: ... also be included ENC10 12 enclosure with mounting hardware Enclosure supply kit 3 3 ENCTDR100 Packing List The following are included with an ENCTDR100 Enclosure Supply Kit that includes desiccant packs humidity indicator cable ties putty and mounting hardware ENCTDR100 Enclosure Ground Wire Kit TDR200 SDM8X50 Coaxial Interconnect Cable TDR200 SDM8X50 and TDR200 Datalogger SDM 5 Conductor Cable p...

Страница 14: ...C to the USB port on the TDR200 The TDR200 is typically powered via the USB port during setup 3 Connect a TDR probe to the BNC connector of the TDR200 4 Start PC TDR by selecting PC TDR under Programs of the Windows Start Menu or double clicking the PC TDR icon 5 Select TDR200 and close the dialog box by pressing OK ...

Страница 15: ...match the address of the TDR200 For Noise Rejection Frequency select 50 Hz or 60 Hz rejection if the system is near ac power lines The TDR Filter Level setting is used to reduce noise from the TDR trace by applying a weighted moving average arithmetic convolution to the data points Section 8 3 Filtering and Averaging p 20 The Second BMO option for the Length Apparent Algorithm provides better meas...

Страница 16: ...e parent device and device type and click Ok 9 In the right pane enter the Cable Length required Cable Length Window Length Probe Length and Probe Offset settings will be automatically entered when using the calibration wizard Appendix C Calibration Wizard Tutorial p C 1 10 Select to generate a CRBasic program ...

Страница 17: ...Enter a name for the CRBasic program Click to specify where to save the program and what type of program to generate CR1000 CR3000 CR800 Series or CR6 Press Next 12 Select what is measured and stored as well as time intervals for measurements Click Next ...

Страница 18: ...or the coaxial cables Both the multiplexer housing and the strain relief bracket have holes drilled at a 1 inch spacing This allows the SDM8X50 to be mounted to a wall or attached to the backplate of a user supplied enclosure or Campbell Scientific enclosure When purchased with the E option the SDM8X50 includes a 10 inch by 12 inch by 4 5 inch environmental enclosure and an enclosure supply kit Ot...

Страница 19: ...ts from weather condensing humidity and dust 6 Specifications Features Uses compact low cost TDR200 with performance features that match or exceed other available reflectometers Makes non destructive long term in situ soil measurements Provides measurement time of 2 s for water content electrical conductivity or reflection waveform collection 250 data points Measures up to 512 TDR probes Uses PC T...

Страница 20: ...ode 120 mA 1 mA Temperature range 40 to 85 C Height 10 7 cm 4 2 in Width 5 1 cm 2 0 in Length 21 6 cm 8 5 in Weight 0 79 kg 1 75 lb 6 2 Electromagnetic Compatibility The TDR200 is Œ compliant with performance criteria available upon request RF emissions are below EN55022 limit The TDR200 meets EN61326 requirements for protection against electrostatic discharge and surge except for electrostatic di...

Страница 21: ...losure as the datalogger and power supply or when the multiplexer will reside in a building SDM8X50 E SDM8X50 multiplexer with an ENC10 12 environmental enclosure Enclosure includes a bracket for mounting to a tripod a tower or a 1 0 in to 1 25 in IPS Schedule 40 pipe Weight 4 4 kg 9 8 lb Enclosure Outside Dimensions with Mounts 40 4 x 29 2 x 17 5 cm 15 9 x 11 5 x 6 9 in Enclosure Inside Dimension...

Страница 22: ... Campbell Scientific CR6 series CR800 series CR1000 and CR3000 dataloggers are used in a TDR system to automatically control the TDR200 and SDM8X50 multiplexers as well as control telemetry for obtaining measurement results remotely Refer to Section 7 2 Programming p 15 for more information 7 1 2 TDR200 The TDR200 contains the pulse generator for the signal applied to a TDR sensor It also digitize...

Страница 23: ...wing nut battery posts found on most deep cycle lead acid batteries Installations with ac power available should use it to continuously charge the system battery Remote installation without ac power should keep the battery charged with an SP10R or SP20R solar panel See the applications note at ftp ftp campbellsci com pub outgoing apnotes pow sup pdf for discussion of power supplies FIGURE 7 2 Term...

Страница 24: ...alogger program The three multiplexer levels FIGURE 7 1 TDR System Components p 11 use the following addressing scheme Level 1 multiplexer address value equal to the TDR200 address plus 1 Level 2 multiplexers address value equal to the TDR200 address plus 2 Level 3 multiplexers address value equal to the TDR200 address plus three Set the address for SDM8X50 multiplexers using the thumbwheel switch...

Страница 25: ...Equipment in ENCTDR100 The ENCTDR100 is a 16 inch by 18 inch weathertight enclosure modified for use with a Campbell Scientific TDR system FIGURE 7 3 It includes the following Enclosure supply kit consisting of desiccant packs humidity indicator cable ties putty and mounting hardware ENCTDR100 Enclosure Ground Wire Kit TDR200 SDM8X50 Coaxial Interconnect Cable 18 inch length TDR200 SDM8X50 and TDR...

Страница 26: ...rical conductivity in S m Siemens meter The Kp value can be measured using PC TDR by following the instructions in the Calibrate Probe wizard Appendix C Calibration Wizard Tutorial p C 1 The method requires submersion of the TDR probe rods in deionized water of known temperature 7 2 Programming PC TDR software is used for system setup and troubleshooting It displays volumetric water content and el...

Страница 27: ... for Calculation of TDR Probe Rod Apparent Length p 21 Additional descriptions of parameters are provided in in the CRBasic Help 7 2 2 PortsConfig CRBasic Instruction If using a CR800 CR850 or CR1000 the PortsConfig CRBasic instruction may be needed at the end of the program When the TDR200 is connected to the datalogger for SDM control and SDM8X50 multiplexers are also connected the PortsConfig i...

Страница 28: ...y value to give distance information A probe consisting of metal rods can be used as an extension of a coaxial cable When the probe is inserted in the soil the travel time of the applied pulse along the probe length depends on the soil water content In general as the water content increases the travel time of the applied pulse increases The reflected waveform of the probe can be used to identify t...

Страница 29: ...ing the cable length affects the rise time and amplitude of the reflection The slopes and extrema used by the datalogger algorithm to analyze the waveform are shifted by the cable losses resulting in an error For the data shown in FIGURE 8 1 the water content measurement error using the 66 meter cable is about 1 5 volumetric water content when electrical conductivity is low However in saline soils...

Страница 30: ... solution This inherent attenuation is used in TDR measurements to determine soil electrical conductivity as described by equation 5 The presence of ions in the soil solution provides a path for electrical conduction between TDR probe rods The attenuation of the signal can affect the accuracy and resolution of water content measurements FIGURE 8 2 presents a series of waveforms when a solution wit...

Страница 31: ...at are exactly 8 33 ms out of phase in order to cancel 60 Hz noise If the WaveAvg parameter is an odd number the actual number of averages will be the next highest even integer The TDR Filter Level setting is used to reduce noise from the TDR trace by applying a weighted moving average arithmetic convolution to the data points The filter level determines the number of neighboring values to include...

Страница 32: ...m This algorithm is the best method for short probes and noisy environments It combines the tangent line Or et al 2004 and the second order BMO methods Wang et al 2016 The algorithm uses the tangent line method to narrow in on the region of the waveform where the second reflection appears and then uses the second order BMO method to finalize the point representing the probe s end 8 5 Algorithm for...

Страница 33: ...r Sensors Proceedings of the International Workshop on Characterization and measurement of the hydraulic properties of unsaturated porous media 387 396 Giese K and R Tiemann 1975 Determination of the complex permittivity from thin sample time domain reflectometry Improved analysis of the step response waveform Adv Molec Relax Processes 7 45 49 Ledieu J P De Ridder P De Clerck and S Dautrebande 198...

Страница 34: ... A 2 Specifications A 2 1 Physical Consists of Size When Used SDMX50 50 Ohm Coaxial Multiplexer with Enclosure Multiplexer circuit board mounted in an environmental enclosure with a strain relief backplate Enclosure includes a bracket for mounting to a tripod tower or a 1 0 in to 1 25 in IPS Schedule 40 pipe Weight 4 4 kg 9 8 lb Enclosure Outside Dimensions with Mounts 40 4 x 29 2 x 17 5 cm 15 9 x...

Страница 35: ...upply or when the multiplexer will reside in a building Temperature range 40 to 55 C A 2 2 Electrical Input power 12 Vdc Quiescent current drain 1 mA Current drain during switching 90 mA all multiplexers of the same level switch simultaneously for less than 1 s See FIGURE 7 1 TDR System Components p 11 Relay contact life expectancy 5 x 106 operations A 3 Signal Attenuation The SDMX50 is a 50 ohm e...

Страница 36: ...TDR200 System Addressing for SDMX50 multiplexers with serial number 5238 and higher is set using the thumbwheel switch at the top of the panel Addressing for SDMX50 multiplexers with serial number 5237 and lower is set with hardware jumpers Changing the SDMX50 jumpers requires removing the multiplexer front cover FIGURE A 2 shows the location of jumpers used for SDMX50 addressing It is recommended...

Страница 37: ...Appendix A SDMX50 Series Multiplexers A 4 FIGURE A 2 Location of address jumpers on SDMX50 ...

Страница 38: ...has 2 meter cable and a 3 meter window Public CS635_LaL Public CS635_VWC Public CS635_WaveFormValues 1013 Topp Equation Dielectric Constants const a0 0 053 const a1 0 0292 const a2 0 00055 Const a3 0 0000043 DataTable TDR_VWC 1 1 Sample 1 CS635_LaL IEEE4 Sample 1 CS635_VWC IEEE4 EndTable DataTable TDR_Waveform 1 1 Sample 1013 CS635_WaveFormValues IEEE4 EndTable BeginProg Scan 1 Min 0 0 TDR200 CS63...

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Страница 40: ...opriate cable and window lengths of any probe Calibrate the electrical conductivity parameters probe cell constant 1 To start the calibration wizard select 2 Select whether to Calibrate Probe Length and Probe Offset only or to also Calibrate Electrical Conductivity Parameters Click Next 3 Place probe in deionized water with at least 3 cm clearance from the sides and then click on Next to determine...

Страница 41: ...lighted region click on the highlighted area in the wizard s window and move or scale the region to encompass the entire portion of the probe If it is difficult to find the probe or the probe was not entirely in water prior to the measurement select Refresh button and measure the probe again Once the cable and window lengths are satisfactory click Next 5 Enter the temperature of the water and sele...

Страница 42: ...be s reflections are not properly found click Refresh and attempt to find the beginning and end again If the waveform is noisy increase the number of averages or adjust the filtering level Section 8 3 Filtering and Averaging p 20 If the beginning and ending look sufficient click Next 7 Remove the probe from the water and click Next ...

Страница 43: ...esent the beginning or end of the probe either enter new values into the text boxes below the window or use the cursor within the graph window to adjust the width and location of the start and end positions 9 If electrical conductivity calibration was selected short the ends of the probes with a conductive material like aluminum foil Once the ends of the rods are shorted click Next ...

Страница 44: ...ppendix C Calibration Wizard Tutorial C 5 10 After the Calibration Summary window is displayed click Finish and the values from the summary will be automatically applied to the probe that was calibrated ...

Страница 45: ...Appendix C Calibration Wizard Tutorial C 6 ...

Страница 46: ...rned by typing HELP H or inside the terminal mode The command list SVP Set Vp Value SNA Set Number of Averages SNP Set Number of Points SDI Set Distance Cable Length SWL Set Window Length SPL Set Probe Length SPO Set Probe Offset SCC Set Probe Cell Constant SREJ Set 50 60 Hz Rejection SFIL Set Filter Level SLAA Set Length Apparent Algorithm SMUX Set SDMX50 Channel SDEF Set Measurement Parameters t...

Страница 47: ... or value D 1 2 Commands Requiring a Parameter The commands SVP SNA SNP SDI SWL SPL SPO SCC SREJ SFIL SLAA and SMUX require a parameter For these commands usage is of this form Command space ASCII parameter r n For example SPL 0 3 r n will set the probe length to 0 3 Typing any of these commands without a parameter returns a help message displaying usage requirements Responses to these commands be...

Страница 48: ...onses are returned by the sensor in response to commands that set a parameter in the device Ack responses begin with a CR and LF and are of the form r n space command For example the response to SPL 0 3 r n is r n SPL Refer to Appendix D 2 Command Usage and Responses p D 3 for specifics on the responses to each command D 1 4 3 Value Response Value responses are returned by the sensor in response t...

Страница 49: ...Set Length Apparent Algorithm Usage SLAA space value r n range of value 0 2 Response r n space SLAA SMUX Set SDMX50 channel Usage SMUX space value r n value address 1 to 15 10 channel 1 to 8 Response r n space SMUX SDEF Set Measurement Parameters to Defaults Usage SDEF r n Response r nSetup has been configured as follows r n Vp vp value r n Ave number of averages value r n Points number of points ...

Страница 50: ... an ASCII representation of a floating point value 4 decimal places GCO Acquire a new Waveform and return Electrical Conductivity value Usage GCO r n Response r n f ffff where f ffff is an ASCII representation of a floating point value 4 decimal places GDE Get the Derivative of the last Waveform acquired Usage GDE r n Response r n NNNN space f ffff r n NNNN space f ffff r n NNNN space f ffff etc w...

Страница 51: ...n a Waveform Usage GWA r n Response r n NNNN space f ffff r n NNNN space f ffff r n NNNN space f ffff etc where NNNN is the 4 digit width point number and f ffff is an ASCII representation of the associated floating point value 4 decimal places RSU Retrieve Current Setup from Flash and Configure Device Usage RSU r n Response r nSetup has been configured from flash as follows r n Vp vp value r n Av...

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Страница 53: ...Rua Apinagés nbr 2018 Perdizes CEP 01258 00 São Paulo SP BRASIL www campbellsci com br vendas campbellsci com br Campbell Scientific Canada Corp 14532 131 Avenue NW Edmonton AB T5L 4X4 CANADA www campbellsci ca dataloggers campbellsci ca Campbell Scientific Centro Caribe S A 300 N Cementerio Edificio Breller Santo Domingo Heredia 40305 COSTA RICA www campbellsci cc info campbellsci cc Campbell Sci...

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