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Appendix B.  Distance vs. Antenna Gain, Terrain, and Other Factors 

B-4 

TABLE B-2.  Cable Loss 

Cable Type 

Outside Diameter  Loss (dB/100 ft) @ 900 MHz 

RG-58A/U 

0.195 in 

21.1 

COAX RPSMA-L 

0.195 in 

11.1 

RG-8 

0.405 in 

6.9 

COAX NTN-L 

0.405 in 

4.5 

LMR-400 

0.405 in 

3.9 

*CSI stocked antenna cables are shaded. 

 

Campbell Scientific’s COAX RPSMA-L uses LMR-195 antenna cable. Cable 

loss is proportional to length as the following table illustrates. 

TABLE B-3.  LMR-195 Cable Loss vs. Length @ 900 MHz 

Length (ft) 

Loss (dB) 

100 

11.1 

50 

5.6 

25 

2.8 

10 

1.1 

0.7 

 

B.2.5  Antenna Gain 

Increasing antenna gains improves signal strength and, potentially, distance. 

For example, in the context of free space path loss and all other factors being 

equal, an increase of 6dB in antenna gain theoretically extends the attainable 

distance by a factor of 2. An antenna’s gain is a function of directivity. For 

highly directive antennas such as the Yagi, the narrower beam width makes 

antenna alignment and orientation more critical.  

Antenna gain is specified either in dBi (decibels of gain relative to an isotropic 

radiator) or in dBd (decibels of gain relative to a dipole). The relationship is:  

dBi = dBd + 2.15 

Some antennas that are FCC approved for use with the RF407 series are: 

TABLE B-4.  Antenna Gain of Recommended Antennas 

 

Mfg. 

 

Antenna Type 

 

Band 

 

Model 

CSI Part 

Number 

dBd 

Gain 

dBi 

Gain 

 

Size 

Astron 

Omni (1/2 wave)  900 MHz 

AXH900 RP SMA R 

14204 

2.15 

6.75 in 

Antenex 

Collinear 

900 MHz 

FG9023 

14221 

5.15 

24 in 

MaxRad 

Yagi 

900 MHz 

BMOY8905 

14201 

11.15  21.4 in 

Содержание RF407 Series

Страница 1: ...INSTRUCTION MANUAL RF407 Series Spread Spectrum Radios Revision 1 18 C o p y r i g h t 2 0 0 1 2 0 1 8 C a m p b e l l S c i e n t i f i c I n c...

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Страница 4: ...er Campbell Scientific s shipping address is CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC CANADA CORP RMA _____ 14532 131 Avenue NW Edmonton Alberta T5L 4X4 Canada For all returns the client must fill out a Statement of Produ...

Страница 5: ...protection and take other appropriate safety precautions while working on or around tripods and towers Do not climb tripods or towers at any time and prohibit climbing by other persons Take reasonabl...

Страница 6: ...ounce 28 35 g 1 lb pound weight 0 454 kg Pressure 1 psi lb in2 68 95 mb Volume 1 US gallon 3 785 litres In addition part ordering numbers may vary For example the CABLE5CBL is a CSI part number and k...

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Страница 8: ...3 6 Specifications 3 7 Product Description 5 7 1 Mounting 5 7 2 Power 5 7 3 USB 5 7 4 CS I O 6 7 5 RS 232 7 7 6 LEDs 8 7 7 Antenna 8 7 7 1 Compatible Antennas 8 7 7 2 Electrostatic Issues and Surge P...

Страница 9: ...ystem Version 23 11 3 5 Radio Firmware Version 23 11 3 6 Received Signal Strength 23 11 3 7 Battery Voltage 24 11 3 8 ME Baud Rate 24 11 3 9 RS 232 Parity 24 11 3 10RS 232 Stop Bits 24 11 3 11RS 232 C...

Страница 10: ...vs Path Loss Lpath in dB per Two Propagation Models B 6 B 7 Path Type vs Path Characteristics Selector B 6 B 8 Lpath vs Distance for 2 Ray Propagation Model in Example 1 B 7 B 9 Fade Margin dB vs Dist...

Страница 11: ...Table of Contents iv...

Страница 12: ...radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications See Appendix A Part 15 FCC Compliance Warning p A 1 for...

Страница 13: ...Interface setting to USB The Power Mode setting should match that of the device you are connecting to Apply the change s close DevConfig and leave the radio connected to the PC via USB 4 3 LoggerNet...

Страница 14: ...x 2 7 x 1 1 in Weight 136 g 4 8 oz Two piece aluminum case black anodized Radio RF407 RF412 RF427 RF422 Radio Type Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum FHSS SRD860 LBT AFA3 Frequency 902 to 928 MHz 915...

Страница 15: ...e supported CS I O 9 pin Male Provides power connection from datalogger for normal operation Supports SDC 7 8 10 11 and Modem Enable ME Master communication modes Does not support ME Peripheral mode A...

Страница 16: ...to the radio when the radio is used as a standalone PakBus router RF repeater or when the RS 232 port is used for interconnect with another device The Field Power Cable pn 14291 or AC to DC power adap...

Страница 17: ...SB port is always available for configuration purposes Independent of the Active Interface radio setting USB can always be used for connecting with DevConfig for radio configuration The USB interface...

Страница 18: ...als 9 TX I Serial data transmit line I Signal into the RF407 series O Signal out of the RF407 series 7 5 RS 232 The RS 232 port is a DCE 9 pin female D Sub connector used to for connecting the radio t...

Страница 19: ...activity indicates that there is an RF signal being received 7 7 Antenna The radio has a reverse polarity SMA RPSMA jack antenna connection It is important to note the distinction between RPSMA and S...

Страница 20: ...enna with Adhesive Mount and RPSMA Female 79 in Cable 7 7 2 Electrostatic Issues and Surge Protection Many radio installations are outdoors and therefore susceptible to lightning damage especially via...

Страница 21: ...g version 2 11 or later is required DevConfig can be downloaded free of charge from www campbellsci com downloads INSTALL the DEVICE DRIVER BEFORE plugging the radio into your PC for the first time Yo...

Страница 22: ...ration to other devices 9 LoggerNet Setup 9 1 Basic Setup Start LoggerNet and open the Setup screen from the Main category of the toolbar Start the configuration by clicking on the Add Root button Fro...

Страница 23: ...um Radio 12 With the setup tree entered you will now need to complete the configuration of each element Start with selecting the ComPort element at the root of the tree Under ComPort Connection select...

Страница 24: ...RF407 Series Spread Spectrum Radio 13 Select the PakBusPort element in the tree and select the PakBus Port Always Open checkbox Set the Maximum Baud Rate to 115200...

Страница 25: ...e tree Set the PakBus Address field to the PakBus address of your datalogger Enter the Security Code if security has been set up in your datalogger Press the Apply button to save your changes You are...

Страница 26: ...er it does not force routes to go through the repeater 10 Installation Best Practices 10 1 Avoiding Interference In band interference within view of either radio in a link can significantly degrade co...

Страница 27: ...ts o Avoid routing conductors carrying low level analog signals in close proximity and parallel to conductors carrying digital signals or switched voltage levels Bend Radius o The RF cable used to int...

Страница 28: ...nication peripherals for example directly connecting the radio to an Ethernet serial server Also see RS 232 Baud Rate p 18 and the advanced settings RS 232 Parity p 24 Stop Bits p 24 Character Length...

Страница 29: ...io address or a unique PakBus address This device will not appear in PakBus Graph PakBus Node This mode is similar to PakBus Aware but it requires the device to have a unique PakBus address specified...

Страница 30: ...vity The radio transmits a 700 millisecond wakeup header with the first transmission occurring after a period of RF inactivity This is one of the most common setting in networks that do not contain CR...

Страница 31: ...Radio installations should be performed by a professional It is very important that the TX power level selected and the gain of the attached antenna do not exceed the maximum allowed ERP permitted by...

Страница 32: ...terval is set to zero a verify interval of 2 5 times the PakBus Beacon Interval will be reported by the device It is advised that PakBus Verify Interval be set to an interval several times larger than...

Страница 33: ...avoid using frequencies that experience unacceptable levels of RF interference This setting is a bit field Each bit in the bit field corresponds to a frequency as defined in the Available Frequencies...

Страница 34: ...from the PC to the RF407 series USB port DevConfig can be used to view the Received Signal Strength Once a connection is established using DevConfig the Received Signal Strength can be located under...

Страница 35: ...otely accessed for any RF407 node displayed in PakBus Graph Right click on a device and a floating menu will be presented Click on the Edit Settings option to display a list of settings The RSSI is lo...

Страница 36: ...Spread Spectrum Radio 25 12 Attributions PakBus is a registered trademark of Campbell Scientific Inc PolyPhaser is a registered trademark of Transtector Systems Inc Windows is a registered trademark...

Страница 37: ...RF407 Series Spread Spectrum Radio 26...

Страница 38: ...there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turnin...

Страница 39: ......

Страница 40: ...aximum link distance Greater antenna elevations not only provide greater obstacle clearance but also increase the maximum unobstructed line of sight distances over apparently flat terrain For example...

Страница 41: ...n of the RF signal as it propagates through the transmission lines coaxial cables surge suppressor etc connecting the transmitter and receiver to their respective antennas and more importantly as it t...

Страница 42: ...s the fade margin A minimum fade margin of 10 dB is recommended for a reliable link B 2 3 Transmitter Power Transmitter output power is often expressed in dBm which is a decibel power rating relative...

Страница 43: ...ree space path loss and all other factors being equal an increase of 6dB in antenna gain theoretically extends the attainable distance by a factor of 2 An antenna s gain is a function of directivity F...

Страница 44: ...ionship between path loss and distance each time you double the distance you lose 6 dB of signal under free space conditions Or put another way if you add 6 dB of gain for example with 6 dB of additio...

Страница 45: ...ft respectively TABLE B 6 915 MHz Distance vs Path Loss Lpath in dB per Two Propagation Models Path Type 2 mi 4 mi 6 mi 8 mi 10 mi 14 mi 18 mi 22 mi 26 mi 30 mi Free Space 102 108 111 114 116 119 121...

Страница 46: ...ntennas at 10 ft height fairly open terrain with a few trees How far can I go Ptx 24 dBm Ltx 20 ft 11 1 dB 100 ft 2 22 dB Gtx Grx 3 dBd 5 15 dBi Lrx 10 ft 11 1 dB 100 ft 1 11 dB From Appendix B 3 Real...

Страница 47: ...pole Terrain is mostly flat with sagebrush How far can I go Pt 24 dBm Lt 50 ft 11 1 dB 100 ft 5 55 dB Gt 9 dBd 11 15 dBi Lr 5 ft 11 1 dB 100 ft 0 55 dB Gr 9 dBd 11 15 dBi Need to include an additional...

Страница 48: ...OSMAX for this link is approximately 10 5 miles so it could be possible to increase distance by substituting higher gain antennas Also increasing antenna elevation at one or both ends of the link coul...

Страница 49: ...Appendix B Distance vs Antenna Gain Terrain and Other Factors B 10...

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Страница 51: ...ua Apinag s nbr 2018 Perdizes CEP 01258 00 S o Paulo SP BRASIL www campbellsci com br vendas campbellsci com br Campbell Scientific Canada Corp 14532 131 Avenue NW Edmonton AB T5L 4X4 CANADA www campb...

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