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2.2 Microcontrollers!
2.2.1. Applications
A microcontroller (sometimes abbreviated µC, uC or MCU) is a small
computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core,
memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. Program
memory and a small amount of data memory (RAM) is also often
included on chip.
Microcontrollers are used in automatically controlled products and
devices, such as automobile engine control systems, implanta-
ble medical devices, remote controls, office machines, appliances,
power tools, and toys. By reducing the size and cost compared to a
design that uses a separate microprocessor, memory, and input/out-
put devices, microcontrollers make it economical to digitally control
even more devices and processes.
A typical home in a developed country is likely to have four general-
purpose microprocessors and three dozen microcontrollers. A typical
mid-range automobile has as many as 30 or more microcontrollers.
They can also be found in many electrical device such as washing
machines, microwave ovens, and telephones.