3 Operation
3.1
Design and operating conditions
The heat exchanger must not be operated under conditions, which exceed those specified on the name plate.
Warning! Failure to operate the heat exchanger within the design pressure and temperature specified on the name plate may
result in damage to the heat exchanger and potential injury to adjacent personnel.
Fluid and/or steam velocities in excess of design operating conditions on either the shell or tube side of the heat exchanger can
cause damaging erosion and/or vibrations in the tubes and tube plates.
If the heat exchanger surface temperature is expected to be hot or there are local regulations related to surface temperature, it
is the user’s responsibility to either insulate the unit or take precautions by labelling the unit with a warning about the hot
surface temperature in order to avoid risk of injury to personnel.
3.2
Operating procedures
Before operating the heat exchanger, please refer to the name plate for any special instructions.
Local safety and health regulations must be observed.
Incorrect start-up or shut-down sequences may cause leaking of tube-to-tube sheet and/or bolted flanged joints.
It is the customer’s responsibility to ensure proper start-up and operation when running media with a higher risk of damage to
the heat exchanger. This applies especially when running media of temperatures below freezing-point (0°C).
3.2.1 Start-up operation
During start-up, all vent valves should be opened and left open until all passages have been purged of air and are completely
filled with fluid. At start-up or after the unit not been in operation for couple of days it is important that fluid is introduced stepwise
into the heat exchanger. Fluid must be introduced so as to minimise differential expansion between the shell and the tubes. We
recommend that the colder medium is established first, followed by the gradual introduction of the hotter medium.
Both product and utility media should be introduced slowly, starting with a low flow rate and then step by step continue to
increase the low until the flow rate the unit is designed for has been reached.
Important to make sure there are no air present in the system.
It is recommended to install vent valves in close connection to both the utility side and the product side to ensure easy removal of
possible air in the system.
Caution! Flow rate adjustment should be made slowly in order to avoid the risk of a pressure surge (water hammer). A water
hammer is a short-lasting pressure peak that can appear during start-up or shut-down of a system, causing liquids to travel
along a pipe as a wave at the speed of sound. This can cause considerable damage to the equipment.
Dual Application If the heat exchanger is intended for dual application duties, it should be allowed to come to ambient
temperature between heating and cooling cycles.
3.2.2 Operation
In all installations, there should be no pulsation of fluids since this causes vibration and strain.
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