6
How Boreholes Hand Pumps Break Down
Hand pumps, like all mechanical assemblies tend to break down if not properly used, ne-
glected, or if overused. Long-term maintenance of rural water boreholes therefore has be-
come the most challenging task for governments and humanitarian aid organizations. In re-
sponse to this, ACF will work with beneficiaries to educate communities on proper mainte-
nance schedules for community boreholes.
Common mechanical borehole problems include
:
Worn out handle assembly that is no longer properly connected to the chain and con-
necting rods
Worn out bearings and bolts components in pump head assembly
Worn out pipes and leakage of the pipes.
Worn out sealing and rubber sealing rings
Riser pipes become corroded and disconnected.
Broken pedestal which can create unsanitary conditions inside the well
How boreholes can be maintained
:
Ideally, a well is regularly checked and maintained by a trained pump mechanic whose du-
ties are to make sure major breakdowns do not occur, which could severely interrupt ser-
vice. This includes preventative maintenance to ensure a long life for the borehole.
A typical schedule of maintenance could involve the following:
Daily
Monitor pump operation and grease pump parts where necessary
Check for all loose nuts and tighten them when necessary
Avoid banging the borehole with the handle when pumping water
Fix any broken fencing (to keep animals out) and ensure that water point is clean
Weekly
Lubricate all joints and moving parts of the borehole
Check and tighten all nuts and bolts
Check security of pump on pedestal
Monthly
Check output rate
Check for condition of concrete apron
Yearly
Remove the pump cylinder and pipes from the well, inspect, replace any worn out
parts.
