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ABEM Terrameter SAS 1000 / SAS 4000

- 96 -

14.4

WE WENNER_S: 1-CHANNEL WENNER CVES WITH

4 ELECTRODE CABLES

This combination of protocol files is intended for Wenner-



CVES roll-along measurements,

and has been found very useful for a variety of applications. Note that it is important to select
the protocol files in the correct order, starting with the long layout (WENNER_L) before
selecting the protocol for short layout (WENNER_S). It gives a dense near-surface cover, and
a slightly sparser measurement pattern at long electrode spacings. The WENNER_L protocol
supplied here has a higher data density than in previous releases, being identical to the
previously supplied WENNERXL.

WENNER_S is designed only to supplement WENNER_L for the shortest electrode spacings,
and is generally not suitable for use alone if only the two center cables are used. If measuring
with two cables only, either use WENNER_L and exclude all electrode positions on the outer
electrode cables, or use a protocol dedicated for using two electrode cables only (see below).

Protocol

Array Type Address File

Size .ORG Size .UP/.DWN

WENNER_L

Wenner-



LONG

258

113

WENNER_S

Wenner-



SHORT

87

50

Sum

345

163

Figure 28: Data cover of standard Wenner CVES using WENNER_L and WENNER_S

for roll-along with three stations (take-out spacing 1metre).

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Содержание Terrameter SAS 4000

Страница 1: ...__________________________________________________ ABEM Product Number 33 0020 26 ABEM Printed Matter GGEO 100049 2018 08 28 Instruction Manual Terrameter SAS 4000 SAS 1000...

Страница 2: ...BEM Instrument AB takes no responsibility for errors in the document or problems that may arise from the use of this material Copyright 2018 ABEM Instrument AB All rights reserved ABEM Instrument AB L...

Страница 3: ...ables and electrodes while the system is operating Wear electrically insulating boots and gloves during field work Disconnect cables from Terrameter Electrode Selector before connecting disconnecting...

Страница 4: ...5 TECHNICAL LAYOUT OF THE SAS 1000 4000 11 2 5 1 CURRENT AND POTENTIAL CONNECTORS 12 2 6 ACCESSORIES 12 2 6 1 THE LUND RESISTIVITY IMAGING SYSTEM 12 2 6 2 TERRAMETER SAS LOG 300 13 3 OPERATING THE SAS...

Страница 5: ...UND IMAGING SYSTEM 31 6 2 DATA ACQUISITION PROCEDURE 32 6 2 1 PREPARATIONS FOR FIELD SURVEYING 32 6 2 2 ESSENTIAL EQUIPMENT 32 6 2 3 RECOMMENDED ADDITIONAL EQUIPMENT 33 6 2 4 FIELD PROCEDURE FOR 2D EL...

Страница 6: ...0 4000 55 Import data from the Terrameter 55 8 1 2 DATA CONVERSION 56 8 1 3 CONVERSION PROGRAM ON PC S4KCONV EXE 57 8 1 4 MEASUREMENT PROTOCOL GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT 58 Error Codes in MPFC program...

Страница 7: ...ERENCES 81 11 APPENDIX B TERRAMETER ERROR CODES 83 12 APPENDIX C MPFC ERROR CODES 86 13 APPENDIX D ES464 ES10 64 ADDRESS TAKE OUT AND PIN CONNECTOR RELATION 88 14 APPENDIX E ADDRESS AND PROTOCOL FILES...

Страница 8: ...CVES WITH 4 ELECTRODE CABLES 104 14 13 SQUARE2A SQUARE2B AND SQUARE2C SQUARE ARRAY AREA COVER WITH TWO ELECTRODE SPACINGS 105 14 14 POL8X8 POLE POLE IN 8X8 SQUARE GRID 106 14 15 POL21X7A F 3 CHANNEL P...

Страница 9: ...ES464 SPECIFICATIONS 129 18 3 ELECTRODE SELECTOR ES10 64C E SPECIFICATIONS 129 18 4 TERRAMETER SAS LOG 300 SPECIFICATIONS 130 19 APPENDIX J REMOTE CONTROL 131 19 1 COMMUNICATION PARAMETERS 131 19 2 C...

Страница 10: ...N 133 19 2 11 SET MODE 134 OPM mode 134 19 2 12 SET RESISTIVITY 134 STR ImA Imode fs tD tAcq 134 19 2 13 SET SP 135 STS t 135 19 2 14 SETSTACK 135 SAS Nmin Nmax Elimit Norm 135 19 2 15 SOUND 135 SND...

Страница 11: ...progressive development we reserve the right to alter specifications without prior notice IMPORTANT It is important that you as a user of the instrument notify ABEM about your name and address This al...

Страница 12: ...with the equipment correctly and return it to ABEM promptly This will help us process any claims that may be made under the warranty It will also help us keeping you informed about e g free software...

Страница 13: ...and drill holes It consists of a 300m cable with logging probe electrodes temperature transducer water level indicator and resistivity cell all mounted on a backpacking frame The applicability of the...

Страница 14: ...pparent resistivity can be displayed The overall range thus extends from 0 05 milliohms to 1999 kiloohms In the Induced Polarization mode the SAS 1000 4000 measures the transient voltage decay in a nu...

Страница 15: ...than 1 over whole temperature range Galvanic separated input channels SAS 4000 Built in PC compatible microcomputer More than 1 000 000 data points can be saved on the internal flash disk Fast and hi...

Страница 16: ...as a resolution of 0 02 m for a single reading To take full advantage of the outstanding capabilities of the Terrameter SAS 1000 4000 care must be observed in the arrangement of cables and electrodes...

Страница 17: ...pectively 16 67 msec in areas with 60 Hz power frequency n is a multiplying factor default 1 f 1 or 2 default f 2 is an incremental exponent i is the time window index 1 2 10 Four parameters are neede...

Страница 18: ...factor 2 power line frequency 60 Hz 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 16 7 33 3 67 133 267 533 1067 2133 100 200 400 800 1600 3200 200 400 800 1600 3200 500 1000 2000 4000 1000 2000 4000 Table 2 2 The length of e...

Страница 19: ...stop time of the interval and V0 is the voltage measured before the current is turned off The terminology refers to figure 2 The chargeability is measured in the unit msec Alternatively the chargeabi...

Страница 20: ...ated Typical causes are poor electrode grounding resulting in low transmitted power and possible capacitive coupling If the ground is dry the electrode contact must be improved by e g watering and pos...

Страница 21: ...ard deviation of the measurements are also calculated and presented Statistically distributed voltage noise is thus reduced by a factor of N where N is the number of readings Measure time can be 1 8 s...

Страница 22: ...SSORIES 2 6 1 The LUND Resistivity Imaging System The LUND system is a multi electrode system for high resolution 2D and 3D resistivity surveys It consists of a basic unit the Electrode Selector ES464...

Страница 23: ...ing system is intended for use together with the Terrameter SAS 1000 4000 system It is intended for logging to depths up to 200m 300m or 500m It supports the following logging modes Short normal 16 re...

Страница 24: ...obs the red LED light emitting diode will turn on and the welcome menu will appear after 20 30 sec If the display does not become visible please check the display contrast as described below To turn O...

Страница 25: ...time Keep the knobs in the left or right position for several seconds while the contrast successively changes The purpose with the exact timing is to distinguish this action from any other action wit...

Страница 26: ...al soundings In performing Schlumberger soundings it is very favourable to connect the four channels to potential electrodes separated by say 0 20 m 1 m 3 m and 10 m Then the overlapping sounding curv...

Страница 27: ...minal circuits Lightning high voltage cattle fence or other high voltage sources may however damage the instrument Lightning miles away may induce hundreds of volts in long cable layouts and this enta...

Страница 28: ...andard the next menu appears SAS 4000 APPLICATIONS SAS 4000 Standard LUND Imaging System SASLOG 200 300 Remote Control RS232 Communication ES Test Program Setup In the RECORD MANAGER menu you can sele...

Страница 29: ...5 sec Total cycle time 3 8 sec Measure Quit On this page the stacking parameters are defined With the settings in the example there will be max 4 stackings If the standard deviation is below 1 after...

Страница 30: ...00 Press for more Ch P1 P2 Resistance S Dev Stacks 1 2 ___ 3 ___ 4 ___ C I Auto N 0 R00002 S4K Free 100 Next AB 2 0 56 Ch1MN 2 0 10 Press 3 4 MEASURING MODES OF THE SAS 1000 4000 The Terrameter SAS 10...

Страница 31: ...of good quality with the conductors separated at the electrode end Connect the current electrodes A and B to terminals C1 and C2 respectively Run these cables in parallel adjacent to the SAS 1000 400...

Страница 32: ...w is from 10 msec to 110 msec Please see section 2 4 2 page 6 for further information on how the chargeability is measured The IP readings are displayed in a window similar to the one used for display...

Страница 33: ...ks 1 2 N A 3 N A 4 N A N 0 I Auto Resistivity Untitled Untitled R00017 S4K C1 C2 This brings up four commands The commands Delete Last Skip Next and Exit are obvious If you select Set Timer the next m...

Страница 34: ...Y PACK Stored batteries lose their charge self discharge gradually and this takes place more rapidly at higher ambient temperatures However even if a battery loses all of its charge during storage sat...

Страница 35: ...ernal battery adapter clips on to the Terrameter in the same way as the standard battery pack but contains a connector for the 12V DC source The external battery adapter contains a protective circuit...

Страница 36: ...ss steel pair is shown in Figure 7 Note the large zero shift and change in time in the data recorded with the steel electrodes 5 1 1 Steel Electrodes Resistivity surveys can be conducted using current...

Страница 37: ...ted In a real situation however it is possible that the uppermost part of the ground is drier and more high resistive than underlying horizons in which case it may pay off well to bury the electrodes...

Страница 38: ...on cable black 4 crocodile clip The sounding cable set is intended to facilitate Schlumberger and Wenner soundings The cables incorporate heavy gauge conductors with excellent insulation to ensure goo...

Страница 39: ...directly to the ABEM Terrameter SAS 1000 4000 Operating power comes from an internal 12 volt rechargeable NiCd battery pack ES464 or via the Terrameter ES10 64e ES10 64 Third party software packages...

Страница 40: ...onments Designed to link to the ABEM Terrameter SAS 1000 4000 SAS 1000 4000 data acquisition software featuring Automatic measurement process In field quality control of measurements thanks to electro...

Страница 41: ...lti function cable 33 0020 11 not applicable to ES10 64 In the normal setup as described above only channel one in the SAS 1000 4000 is used With an optional Pole Pole cable 33 0020 14 between the SAS...

Страница 42: ...SAS 1000 4000 To ensure proper function SAS 1000 4000 should be powered from a gelled lead acid battery or a car battery 25 707 Ah ABEM Electrode Selector ES 464 ES 10 64e ES 10 64 including connectin...

Страница 43: ...to be used Levelling equipment and or GPS receiver Remote electrode cable s if pole pole or pole dipole array is used Pocket multimeter with continuity check function for error detection 6 2 4 Field...

Страница 44: ...the cable joints should point towards the instrument in the layout centre9 Connect electrodes to the odd numbered take outs on all active electrode cables9 The even numbered take outs can be left out...

Страница 45: ...g extended all four cables are connected see Figure 11 Cable 1 is connected to Cable 2 with a cable joint as well where again the groove must face the cable closest to the instrument When finishing th...

Страница 46: ...h as Wenner Schlumberger and multiple gradient all possible measurements can be taken with all 4 cables in one go Hence all electrodes must be connected at the start Furthermore there must be no overl...

Страница 47: ...RECORD MANAGER Mode Resistivity Record New record 00005 Measure Quit Next Prev Page If you select a new record this menu appears The smallest electrode distance is simply the electrode separation in m...

Страница 48: ...r of stackings error limit etc A selection of a high current 200 500 or 1000 mA and Mode Auto is recommended The instrument will automatically step down to a lower current if it is impossible to trans...

Страница 49: ...appears in which the results are displayed Also the actual battery voltage is displayed here Ch P1 P2 Resistance S Dev Stacks 1 2 N A 3 N A 4 N A N 0 I Auto Batt 12 4 V Resistivity Wenner a Section LR...

Страница 50: ...tem checks if it is possible to transmit current through all electrodes This test only takes a couple of minutes but can save a lot of time afterwards The array code determines how the contact test is...

Страница 51: ...e cable joint These cables are from now Cable 1 and Cable 2 Move Electrode Selector and Terrameter to the new centre point and connect what is now Cable 2 and Cable 3 to Electrode Selector If you deci...

Страница 52: ...ial over lap in data cover between consecutive station points the UP and DWN protocol files are reduced accordingly which means measuring is much faster In practice this means that the measuring for t...

Страница 53: ...n This will be limited by the number of take outs on the electrode cables available and could be for example 16 21 32 or 41 electrodes 2 Decide which electrode configuration to use Pole dipole both fo...

Страница 54: ...e second line Start a New data file and proceed with measuring as above 7 Remove the cable s and electrodes from the first line and set up the third line Continue this process as far as desired 8 Usin...

Страница 55: ...y No signs of life from the Electrode Selector no beep when the Terrameter power is switched on The battery may be completely discharged in either the Electrode Selector or the Terrameter or the commu...

Страница 56: ...rather stable resistivity readings Cable 2 and cable 3 may be switched at Electrode Selector Check that the cables are connected to the Electrode Selector in the right order Unstable unrealistic resu...

Страница 57: ...The centre electrode also contains the temperature transducer The end of the chamber is set at an angle to improve circulation of fluid in the chamber as the probe moves Three holes in the chamber wal...

Страница 58: ...desired IP measuring settings 8 Calibrate temperature page 5 9 the log is shipped with default calibration values entered which allow the stated accuracy For special demands other values may be enter...

Страница 59: ...00 49 WARNING Make certain that the Terrameter SAS 1000 4000 is turned off while handling the logging cable and probe The cable and probe electrodes can carry high voltages after the MEASURE button on...

Страница 60: ...before SP logging starts Proceed as follows Connect all cables and electrodes as explained above Perform the Electrode Check Select the Level Check Lower the logging probe into the well use the level...

Страница 61: ...nted on the display and saved in the SAS 1000 4000 In case of small diameter wells a correction is needed In table 8 1 are listed the correction factors to be used The calculation is not done to the s...

Страница 62: ...s found in ground water are often reported by weight in parts per million ppm One ppm defines one part by weight of the ion to a million parts by weight of water and it is numerically equivalent to mi...

Страница 63: ...me editing of the data file like e g simply removing the part of the file before the data section Another option is to use Interpex IX1D There is also a variety of dedicated software available for plo...

Страница 64: ...re accessible through the toolbar When you move the cursor over the command tools a tool tip is displayed for information From left to right there are New project Open project Save project Delete proj...

Страница 65: ...on the SAS 1000 4000 From time to time you might want to install another program module or install an upgraded program version In order to do this press the appropriate toolbar green arrow pointing d...

Страница 66: ...n S4K It is therefore necessary to convert the data files to another convenient format This conversion is activated in the following way Select the New toolbar This brings up the menu Select Data Conv...

Страница 67: ...ect which output format you need e g RES2DINV Most of the settings in this dialog are obvious In fact this dialog calls an external DOS based program called S4KCONV EXE In the window labelled Command...

Страница 68: ...e file name LR S4K Refer to Appendix F S4KCONV for information about this command 8 1 4 Measurement Protocol Generation and Management Select File New or use the New toolbar in the Terrameter SAS1000...

Страница 69: ...fact that it is easier to handle a single database file in serial transfers it makes it possible to check that the protocol files are correct and consistent The program reads all address files ADR an...

Страница 70: ...address files extension ADR contain information about the physical configuration of the cables presently used number of electrode cables number electrode take outs per section internal and external a...

Страница 71: ...o measurements using arbitrary arrays The first station midpoint position is always measured using a protocol file with ORG filename extension whereas consecutive stations use UP or DWN protocol files...

Страница 72: ...ole 15 Multiple gradient array If an array not defined in the list is to be used array code 0 may be used which means that resistance instead of apparent resistivity is displayed during measurement If...

Страница 73: ...o of variables Comment label 1 1 data 1 1 2 data 1 2 n1 data 1 n1 Comment label 2 1 data 2 1 2 data 2 2 n2 data 2 n2 The following example shows a VES protocol for a Schlumberger sounding where the cu...

Страница 74: ...8 2 1 Data Conversion Before displaying the field data must be converted to the DAT format used by RES2DINV By selecting File Conversion S4K DAT in ERIGRAPH the menu below will appear and upon selecti...

Страница 75: ...r each measured data point letting the latter reflect the measurement depth The corresponding apparent resistivity for the plotted points are then used to contour the variation in apparent resistivity...

Страница 76: ...importance of being aware of the strong lateral effects on DC resistivity data of vertical discontinuities when interpreting pseudosections and the necessity of using inverse modelling inversion to g...

Страница 77: ...ole dipole which forces RES2DINV to use a finer grid in the inversion model This is recommended as the inversion routine can have difficulties in handling the increased information content in the data...

Страница 78: ...ed n factors and electrode separations It is possible to use the Exterminate bad datum points feature in RES2DINV13 for editing away noisy data points It is however often more difficult to identify wh...

Страница 79: ...preliminary inversion using the robust inversion method The function Display Edit data Estimate data errors can then be used to save the data with estimates of the measurement errors which are based o...

Страница 80: ...internal algorithm that spreads the data on the disk It is recommended not to fill the data memory to 100 percent Important A good advice is now and then to go to the Setup menu and select the command...

Страница 81: ...ues of the above components Enter the readings in the table below To perform the test you need at least four test cables with banana plugs or fork connectors Proceed as follows 1 Connect P1 from e g C...

Страница 82: ...Quick check of SAS 1000 4000 During field work it happens that it just does not work It will be necessary to quickly sort the problem out A very quick check of SAS 1000 4000 is done in a few steps Wi...

Страница 83: ...and turn on the equipment 3 Start the LUND Imaging System select Resistivity Mode and define a record 4 Select the protocol denoted CABLETST If this protocol is not loaded in the instrument please com...

Страница 84: ...______________________________________________________________________________________________ The whole procedure takes typically 5 6 minutes In the above example some of the conductors have resistan...

Страница 85: ...ked fairly accurately using a fluid of known temperature and resistivity in a suitable container Currently ABEM advises against altering the factory set parameters for thermometer function To test the...

Страница 86: ...a dry condition and the resistivity of soils and rocks is therefore normally a function of the amount and quality of water in pore spaces and fractures The degree of connection between the cavities is...

Страница 87: ...y the method can be used for finding the depth to groundwater in materials where a distinct groundwater table exists However if the content of fine grained material is significant the water content ab...

Страница 88: ...rement of the resistivity of the ground is carried out by transmitting a controlled current I between two electrodes pushed into the ground while measuring the potential U between two other electrodes...

Страница 89: ...al surveying similarly the factor n will vary in a dipole dipole survey The different electrode configurations offers advantages and disadvantages compared to each other in terms of logistics and reso...

Страница 90: ...tion s will be a trade off between noise sensitivity horizontal detail and depth penetration Traditional gradient surveying often comprised measurements with the current electrodes at one fixed locati...

Страница 91: ...maged structures For the gradient protocols many data points tend to end up in the same location in the pseudosection using the formulas above hence it is suggested that pseudosections based on severa...

Страница 92: ...tal and Engineering Geophysics ISBN 0 521 57632 6 Cambridge University Press 475p Telford W M Geldart L P and Sheriff R E 1990 Applied Geophysics 2nd ed Cambridge University Press 770 p Ward S H 1989...

Страница 93: ...rably during the measurement Check the electrode grounding Check also if some of the cables are broken 5 The total resistance between C1 and C2 decreased considerably e g short circuit during the meas...

Страница 94: ...l files Recompile the files and download again 55 One or more addressed electrode positions are outside the physical layout Check the electrode positions in the protocol file 56 Quit the protocol 57 B...

Страница 95: ...be found in the database 80 The geometry file specified in the protocol file could not be found in the database 81 Not all electrodes could be connected 82 Not all electrodes could be disconnected 83...

Страница 96: ...e number refers to a relay address equal to zero This is only a warning 2000 Missing Electrode Layout Code for keyword 2001 Duplicate key found 2003 Could not find a layout code corresponding to the k...

Страница 97: ...error invalid command 4011 Syntax error in command Four numerical values are required 4012 One or more of the values have a duplicate in this command 4013 The electrode numbers were defined in an inco...

Страница 98: ...configuration applies to ES10 64 as well Three cable configuration Four cable configuration ADR Cable 1 Cable 2 Cable 3 PIN Cable 1 Cable 2 Cable 3 Cable 4 PIN 1 1 A 1 A 2 2 B 2 B 3 3 C 3 C 4 4 D 4 D...

Страница 99: ...K 43 11 L 11 L 44 12 M 12 M 45 13 N 13 N 46 14 P 14 P 47 15 R 15 R 48 16 S 16 S 49 17 T 17 T 50 18 U 18 U 51 19 V 19 V 52 20 W 20 W 53 21 X 21 X 54 1 A 1 Y 55 2 B 3 Z 56 3 C 5 a 57 4 D 7 b 58 5 E 9 c...

Страница 100: ...Col 3 physical position cable no take out no 4 25 1 7 5 26 1 9 6 27 1 11 7 28 1 13 8 29 1 15 9 30 1 17 10 31 1 19 11 1 2 1 12 3 2 3 13 5 2 5 14 7 2 7 15 9 2 9 16 11 2 11 17 13 2 13 18 15 2 15 19 17 2...

Страница 101: ...ifying that cables are moved for roll along in the y direction instead and the number of take outs in x direction The following file SIDEBY32 ADR is intended for measuring with three electrode cables...

Страница 102: ...LONG32 Long array measuring sequence large to small spacings 1 37 13 25 2 38 14 26 3 39 15 27 4 40 16 28 5 41 17 29 1 31 11 21 2 32 12 22 18 21 19 20 21 24 22 23 24 27 25 26 27 30 28 29 30 33 31 32 3...

Страница 103: ...18 21 24 27 30 33 7 37 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 Example Pole pole Array Protocol File using one channel A protocol file for single channel pole pole could look like this 4 Pole pole LONG32 Pole pole lo...

Страница 104: ...0 0 5 6 0 0 6 8 0 0 7 10 0 0 8 12 0 0 9 14 0 0 10 16 0 0 11 18 0 0 12 20 0 0 13 22 0 0 14 24 0 0 15 26 0 0 16 28 0 0 17 30 0 0 18 32 0 0 19 34 0 0 20 36 0 0 21 38 0 0 Borehole cable 1 1 0 0 2 2 0 0 4...

Страница 105: ...95 9 36 0 18 10 36 0 20 11 36 0 22 12 36 0 24 13 36 0 26 14 36 0 28 15 36 0 30 16 36 0 32 17 36 0 34 18 36 0 36 19 36 0 38 20 36 0 40 21 36 0 42 The following pages describe example protocol files sup...

Страница 106: ...protocol supplied here has a higher data density than in previous releases being identical to the previously supplied WENNERXL WENNER_S is designed only to supplement WENNER_L for the shortest electro...

Страница 107: ...urface cover and a slightly sparser measurement pattern at long electrode spacings GRAD4S8 is designed to supplement GRAD4L8 for the shortest electrode spacings only GRAD4LX8 is similar to GRAD4L8 but...

Страница 108: ...mportant to select the protocol files in the correct order starting with the long layout DIPDIP4L before selecting the protocol for short layout DIPDIP4S It gives a dense near surface cover and a slig...

Страница 109: ...e array some duplicate data points can occur when doing roll along Note that it is important to select the protocol files in the correct order starting with the long layout POLDIP4L before selecting t...

Страница 110: ...ng with the long layout GRAD3L6 before selecting the protocol for short layout GRAD3S6 It gives a dense near surface cover and a slightly sparser measurement pattern at long electrode spacings GRAD3S6...

Страница 111: ...short layout GRAD1S7 It gives a dense near surface cover and a slightly sparser measurement pattern at long electrode spacings GRAD1S7is designed to supplement GRAD1L7for the shortest electrode spacin...

Страница 112: ...file is intended for Wenner CVES roll along measurements with 2 cables only i e it is not reduced for long array overlap Protocol Array Type Address File Size ORG Size UP DWN WEN32SX Wenner SHORT 190...

Страница 113: ...of independent combinations using the pole pole array 820 combinations but designed to give an even roll along cover and reducing the measurement time The POL3SS protocol is designed for using three m...

Страница 114: ...but designed to give an even roll along cover and reducing the measurement time Protocol Array Type Address File Size ORG Size UP DWN POL2L Pole pole LONG32 392 130 POL3L Pole Pole LONG32 146 58 The P...

Страница 115: ...rable Two electrode spacings are measured 1x and 2x the take out spacing Observe that there is no support in RES3DINV for this electrode configuration and that it is not suitable for 3D inversion due...

Страница 116: ...that every electrode take out is used on the two cables closest to the electrode selector and every second take out used on the outer two cables Furthermore there shall be no overlap at the cable join...

Страница 117: ...to take out numbers on the electrode cables A 1 14 B 1 25 C 1 33 D 1 54 A 2 B 2 26 C 2 34 D 2 A 3 15 B 3 27 C 3 35 D 3 55 A 4 B 4 28 C 4 36 D 4 A 5 16 B 5 29 C 5 37 D 5 56 A 6 B 6 30 C 6 38 D 6 A 7 8...

Страница 118: ...ximum electrode separation or more These protocol files have a data cover identical to the survey presented by Dahlin et al 2002 19 These protocol files are provided as an example but similar protocol...

Страница 119: ...of preferably at least 10 times the maximum electrode separation It is recommended not to exceed line separations of more than twice the electrode spacing The POLDIP_O only contains the measurement co...

Страница 120: ...15 2 SYNTAX s4kconv type options wildcard filename F type a Convert data to ABEM Multi Purpose Format ASCII text Output file extension AMP e Convert data to ERIGRAPH format Output file extension DAT...

Страница 121: ...ead of running index g x y z Specify new grid spacing b Append protocol file name as comment to each line L Output all measurements from SASLOG file N Negate all readings multiply by 1 V filename Log...

Страница 122: ...2 15 4 ERROR CODES S4KCONV 1001 There is no support for converting this electrode layout 1002 There is no support for converting this type of data 1003 A general conversion error occurred 1004 Geometr...

Страница 123: ...eted and handled while the information only does not carry any special meaning needed to use the data The header starts with lines containing normal parameters The first line of the information only t...

Страница 124: ...19 Protocol 1 8 Names of the protocols used to control the measurements Usually used in connection with multi electrode switch systems Line 20 Operator Line 21 Client Line 22 25 Comment 1 4 Line 26 Bl...

Страница 125: ...given in meters If XYZ 0 is defined however the co ordinates are given in station numbers In the other cases 1 denotes that only X co ordinates are listed 2 that X and Y co ordinates are listed and 3...

Страница 126: ...ation time 1 sec Apparent chargeability 1 msec Integration time 2 sec Apparent chargeability 2 msec Integration time 3 sec Apparent chargeability 3 msec Integration time N sec Apparent chargeability N...

Страница 127: ...te set header and number An example Cable 1 21 1 80 0 0 2 75 0 0 3 70 0 0 19 nan nan nan 20 15 0 0 21 20 0 0 Cable 2 21 1 25 0 0 2 30 0 0 3 35 0 0 16 6 REMARKS The default co ordinate type when conver...

Страница 128: ...e letter abbreviation 21 Comment 1 Untitled XXX This code is used for layouts that have not been defined or arbitrary layouts See also code 11 0 Resistance RES Plain resistance ignore electrode locati...

Страница 129: ...7 34 20 20 200 0 056467 70 958730 1 000 0 010 0 200 1 324859 32 635700 10 1146 32 20 20 200 0 048668 61 157926 1 000 0 010 0 200 4 662757 0 000000 11 1165 30 20 20 200 0 059255 74 462229 1 000 0 010 0...

Страница 130: ...61 157926 1 000 0 010 0 200 4 662757 0 000000 11 1165 60 0 0 0 0 0 60 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 200 0 059255 74 462229 1 000 0 010 0 200 0 799598 5 656854 12 1185 56 0 0 0 0 0 64 0 0 0 0 0 1...

Страница 131: ...168 34 20 20 200 6 093730 7657 607645 7 562192 10 181 32 20 20 200 4 018672 5050 012879 36 650208 11 194 30 20 20 200 4 955431 6227 178231 18 102890 12 208 28 20 20 100 2 964660 7451 004402 14 860514...

Страница 132: ...20 20 200 4 955431 24 777155 18 102890 12 208 28 20 20 100 2 964660 29 646605 14 860514 258 3632 2 1 1 100 4 795485 47 954849 8 994401 259 3648 5 1 1 100 3 457042 34 570415 3 134221 260 3664 8 1 1 100...

Страница 133: ...oftware In addition to the DAT file the program searches for a file with INF extension which holds information in the following format comment string date of measurement array type blank line contents...

Страница 134: ...nts in the topography The depth is in this case the bottom of each layer There is a built in RHO 2 format conversion tool in Erigraph for conversion from XYZ files saved by Res2dinv do not use negativ...

Страница 135: ...acing label Apparent resisitivity legend label Example of a PSEUDO TXT file PSEUDOSECTION Distance m a m Apparent resisitivity ohm m For the model sections the file must be named MODSEC TXT and have t...

Страница 136: ...e id 2 reference point id text string optional gwl 2 groundwater level optional nl 2 no of layers x 2 1 d 2 1 code 2 1 col 2 1 txt 2 1 dist depth materialcode textcolour text lable x 2 2 d 2 2 code 2...

Страница 137: ...IP mode plus zero minus zero commutated DC Receiver Self Potential SP Number of input channels 4 galvanic isolated SAS 1000 one channel Input impedance 10 M min Automatic ranging 250 mV 10 V 400 V Res...

Страница 138: ...r 16 67 msec depending on power line freq Dynamic range Up to 140 dB plus 64 dB automatic gain General Computer PC compatible Memory capacity 1 000 000 data points Temperature range operation 5 C to 5...

Страница 139: ...300 mm Weight 6 7 kg including battery pack Resistivity instrument The Lund Imaging System requires an ABEM Terrameter SAS 1000 4000 or SAS 300C and PC 18 3 ELECTRODE SELECTOR ES10 64C E SPECIFICATIO...

Страница 140: ...ort normal 0 05 100 000 m 64 long normal 0 5 100 000 m 18 lateral 0 5 100 000 m Fluid resistivity 0 05 100 000 m Self Potential 0 05 1000 V Temperature range 0 C 50 C Temperature precision 0 01 C 0 C...

Страница 141: ...etter upper case combination an optional list of parameters separated from the command by a space and ends with a If there are more than one parameter in the list they are comma separated The command...

Страница 142: ...g the serial number of the connected SAS4000 For example 4981663 19 2 6 Send Version String VER Returns a character string containing the name of the application its version and revision number For ex...

Страница 143: ...ency Hz It should be set in accordance with power line frequency that can exist in the area where measurements are being done Valid values 50 60 tOn Off The current switch on and switch off time s The...

Страница 144: ...until another mode is selected or the program is terminated Mode Description 0 Disables measurements 1 SP 2 Resistivity 3 IP 19 2 12 Set Resistivity STR ImA Imode fs tD tAcq Sets the parameters specif...

Страница 145: ...an This command sets the limits for the automatic stacking Nmin must be less than or equal to Nmax If Nmin is less than Nmax the stacking will be finished if the measurement error becomes less than El...

Страница 146: ...IP measurements E is the normalized error standard deviation in percent and N is the number of stackings When doing IP measurements some additional pairs of data are returned The number of pairs is e...

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