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background image

9XTend

‐

NEMA™

RS

‐

232/485

RF

Modem

–

Product

Manual

v2.x4x

[2007.01.04]

©

2007

MaxStream,

Inc.,

Confidential

&

Proprietary

‐

All

Rights

Reserved

14

3.

RF

Modem

Operation

WARNING: When operating at 1 Watt power output, observe a minimum separation distance of 2' (0.6m) between

modems. Transmitting in close proximity of other modems can damage modem front ends.

3.1. Serial Communications

3.1.1. RS-232 and RS-485/422 Data Flow

The XTend RS-232/485 RF Modem interfaces to a host device through a standard DB-9 connector.
Devices that have a standard DB-9 (RS-232) serial port can connect directly through the pins of
the modem as shown in the figure below.

Figure

3

‐

01. System

Data

Flow

in

an

RS

‐

232

environment

3.1.2. Host and RF Modem Settings

Serial communications between a host and an XTend RF Modem are dependent upon having
matching baud rate, parity, stop bit & number of data bits settings. Failure to enter the modem
into AT Command Mode is most commonly due to baud rate mismatch. Refer to the table below to
ensure host serial port settings match those of the modem.

Both the RF modem and host (PC) settings can be viewed and adjusted using MaxStream's propri-
etary X-CTU Software. After connecting an RF modem to a PC via their respective serial connec-
tions, use the "Terminal" or "Modem Configuration" tabs to configure RF modem settings. Use the
"PC Settings" tab to configure host settings.

Table

3

‐

01. Parameter

Values

Critical

to

serial

communications

between

RF

Modem

and

host

Parameter Setting

XTend RF Modem Default Parameter Value

Baud (Serial Data Rate)

9600 bps (BR parameter = 3)

Number of Data Bits

8

(NB parameter = 0)

Parity

None

(NB parameter = 0)

Number of Stop Bits

1

(NB parameter = 0)

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Содержание RS-232/485

Страница 1: ...w MaxStream net live chat support 9XTend NEMA RS 232 485 RF Modem 9XTend NEMA RS 232 485 RF Modem Interfacing Protocol RF Modem Operation RF Modem Configuration RF Communication Modes Appendices Produ...

Страница 2: ...in binary form include the above copyright notice this list of con ditions and disclaimer in the documentation and or other associated materials The copyright holder s name is not used to endorse pro...

Страница 3: ...3 1 5 API Operation 16 3 2 Modes of Operation 17 3 2 1 Idle Mode 17 3 2 2 Transmit Mode 17 3 2 3 Receive Mode 19 3 2 4 Sleep Mode 20 3 2 5 Command Mode 22 4 RF Modem Configuration 24 4 1 Automatic DIP...

Страница 4: ...True Peer to Peer no Master device required Point to Point Point to Multipoint Multidrop Retries and Acknowledgements FHSS Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum 10 hopping channels each with over 65 000...

Страница 5: ...erial Port Sleep Power Down 45 mA 45 mA Idle Currents 16 sec cyclic sleep SM 8 20 mA 19 mA 8 sec cyclic sleep SM 7 21 mA 19 mA 4 sec cyclic sleep SM 6 24 mA 20 mA 2 sec cyclic sleep SM 5 30 mA 22 mA 1...

Страница 6: ...to tables in the Automatic DIP Switch Configurations section p24 regarding con figurations automatically triggered by the positions of the DIP Switches during power up RSSI LEDS RSSI LEDs indicate th...

Страница 7: ...ated on the end of the CAT5 cable RS 485 422 applications will require different wir ing schemes Use the following wiring block diagram for RS 485 422 applications Figure 1 03 Wiring Block Diagram 1 3...

Страница 8: ...tions on the XTend RF Modem Low asserted signals are distinguished by horizontal line over pin name DB 9 Pin RS 232 Name Pin Reference Name Description Implementation 1 DCD GPO2 Data Carrier Detect Co...

Страница 9: ...ghts Reserved 9 2 1 2 Wiring Diagrams Figure 2 03 RS 232 DTE Device male DB 9 connector wired to a DCE RF modem female DB 9 Figure 2 04 DCE RF modem female DB 9 connector wired to an RS 232 DCE Device...

Страница 10: ...and their implementations on the XTend RF Modem DB 9 Pin RS 485 Name Description Implementation 2 T R TRA Negative Data Line Transmit serial data to and from the RF modem 5 GND Ground Signal Ground 8...

Страница 11: ...erial data sent from the RF modem 3 R RA Receive Negative Data Line Serial data received by the RF modem 5 GND Signal Ground Ground 7 R RB Receive Positive Data Line Serial data received by the RF mod...

Страница 12: ...ages are available that include adapters that facilitate the following functions Performing Range Tests Testing Cables Connecting to other RS 232 DCE and DTE devices Connecting to terminal blocks or R...

Страница 13: ...ter female to female Part Number JD3D3 CDN A Gray DB 9 F F The female to female NULL modem adapter is used to verify serial cabling is functioning properly To test cables insert the female to female N...

Страница 14: ...munications between a host and an XTend RF Modem are dependent upon having matching baud rate parity stop bit number of data bits settings Failure to enter the modem into AT Command Mode is most commo...

Страница 15: ...RF data is received the data enters the DO buffer and is sent out the serial port to a host device Once the DO Buffer reaches capacity any additional incoming RF data is lost The DO buffer stores at l...

Страница 16: ...low control must be implemented in order to prevent overflow loss of data between the host and modem 3 1 5 API Operation API Application Programming Interface Operation is an alternative to the defaul...

Страница 17: ...ia is met Figure 3 04 Transmit Mode Data Flow The character timeout trigger can be disabled by setting RO to zero In this case transmission will not begin until RB bytes have been received and are pen...

Страница 18: ...each time a new connection sequence begins The RF initializer contains channel information that notifies receiving modems of information such as the hopping pattern used by the transmitting modem The...

Страница 19: ...ed without error If the CRC data bits on the incoming packet are invalid the packet is discarded If the CRC is valid the packet proceeds to the DO Buffer Figure 3 06 Receive Mode Data Flow Refer to th...

Страница 20: ...si tions to Sleep Mode and remains in its lowest power consuming state until the pin is de asserted This pin is only active if the modem is setup to operate in this mode otherwise the pin is ignored O...

Страница 21: ...period of time ranging from 0 5 seconds to 16 seconds SM parameters 4 through 8 After this interval of time the modem returns to Idle Mode and listens for a valid data packet for 100 ms If the modem...

Страница 22: ...ing example would change the modem s Destination Address to 0x1F To store the new value to non volatile long term memory the Write ATWR command must subsequently be sent before powering off the modem...

Страница 23: ...the command will essentially be executed in the order it is received If the modem is continuously receiving data the radio will wait for a break in the received data before executing the command The C...

Страница 24: ...Switches 1 2 Restore Defaults Serial Interfacing If SW1 SW2 are ON up Restore Defaults ATRE ATWR Restore Defaults Write defaults to non volatile memory If SW1 is ON up RS 232 Operation ATCS 0 RS 232...

Страница 25: ...F Modem Configurations through X CTU Software Terminal Tab of the X CTU Software A terminal program has been built into the X CTU software and is located under the Terminal tab The Terminal tab provid...

Страница 26: ...commands OK Exit AT Command Mode Example Utilize the X CTU Modem Configuration tab to restore default parameter values After establishing a connection between the modem and a PC refer to the Setup se...

Страница 27: ...tination Address 0 0xFFFF Networking Security 2 0 E0 0x0A 10d Echo Off Command Mode Options E1 0x0B 11d Echo On Command Mode Options ER 0x0F 15d Receive Error Count 0 0xFFFF Diagnostics 2 0 FH 0x0D 13...

Страница 28: ...acing 1 0 SB 0x37 55d Stop Bits 0 1 Serial Interfacing 1 0 SH 0x25 37d Serial Number High 0 0xFFFF read only Diagnostics 2 varies SL 0x26 38d Serial Number Low 0 0xFFFF read only Diagnostics 2 varies...

Страница 29: ...esult of this command AP API Enable Command Serial Interfacing The AP command is used to enable the modem to operate using the frame based API operation AT Guard Time After Command Command Mode Option...

Страница 30: ...axStream s X CTU Software non standard interface data rates can only be set and read using the X CTU Terminal tab Non stan dard rates are not accessible through the Modem Configuration tab When the BD...

Страница 31: ...ions CF command is used to set read the command formatting setting The following commands are always entered and read in hex no matter the CF setting VR Firmware Version HV Hardware Version KY AES Enc...

Страница 32: ...parame ter is useful in determining range characteristics of the RF modems under various conditions In default mode this command shows the power level in signed decimal format with the units dBm If CF...

Страница 33: ...is used to set read the number of receive errors The error count records the number of packets partially received then aborted on a reception error This value returns to 0 after a reset and is not non...

Страница 34: ...read the flow control threshold When FT bytes have accumulated in the DI buffer UART Receive CTS is de asserted or the XOFF soft ware flow control character is transmitted GD Receive Good Count Comman...

Страница 35: ...p interval SM Command to check for a wake up initializer When a wake up initializer is detected the modem stays awake to receive data The wake up initializer must be longer than the cyclic sleep inter...

Страница 36: ...ng in Cyclic Sleep Mode The Wake up Initializer Time must be longer than the cyclic sleep time that as determined by SM Sleep Mode parameter If the wake up initializer time were less than the Cyclic S...

Страница 37: ...eceiving modem receives a packet with remaining forced retransmissions it calculates the length of the packet and inhibits transmission for the amount of time required for all retransmissions Thereaft...

Страница 38: ...discarded PE Polling End Address Command Networking Security PE command is used to set read the modem s Polling End Address the last address polled when Polling Mode is enabled Polling Operations The...

Страница 39: ...Sleep Low Power Under normal operation an RF modem in Cyclic Sleep Mode cycles from an active state to a low power state at regular inter vals until data is ready to be received If the PW parameter i...

Страница 40: ...not cause default values to be stored to non volatile persistent memory For the restored default settings to persist in the modem s non volatile memory and be saved in the event of RF modem reset or...

Страница 41: ...mes of silence on the UART receive lines after receiving at least 1 byte RB characters have been received by the UART RB and RO criteria only apply to the first packet of a multi packet transmission I...

Страница 42: ...When the modem is pow ered the Config pin is an input During the power up sequence if RP parameter is a non zero value the Config pin is configured as an output and set low until the first RF packet...

Страница 43: ...SL Command is used to set read the serial number low word of the RF modem AT Command ATRT Binary Command 0x16 22 decimal Parameter Range 0 2 Parameter Configuration 0 Disabled 1 Enable Binary Program...

Страница 44: ...e current temperature of the board Sample Output 26 C when ATCF 0 1A when ATCF 1 26 when ATCF 2 AT Command ATSM Binary Command 0x01 Parameter Range 0 8 3 is reserved Parameter Configuration 0 Disabled...

Страница 45: ...mmand RF Interfacing The TX command is used to set read the transmit receive behaviors of the RF modem Setting a modem to TX only TX 1 may reduce latency because the transmitting modem will never be c...

Страница 46: ...ltage This is caused if the supply voltage exceeds 5 75 V Transmission is not allowed while this warning is active 3 Under temperature This is caused if the temperature sensed by the module is less th...

Страница 47: ...using the AP API Enable command Use the following AP parameter values to configure the modem to operate in a particular mode AP 0 default Transparent Operation UART Serial line replacement API modes...

Страница 48: ...fic structure as follows Figure 4 05 UART Data Frame API specific Structure The cmdID frame API identifier indicates which API messages will be contained in the cmdData frame Identifier specific data...

Страница 49: ...acknowledgement Setting Frame ID to 0 will disable response frame Destination Address Bytes 6 7 MSB first LSB last Broadcast 0xFFFF Options Byte 8 0 Standard 1 Disable ACK RF Data Byte s 9 n Up to 204...

Страница 50: ...peater Acknowledged RF Mode Acknowledged Mode Point to Multipoint Definition RF data links between one base and multiple remotes Sample Network Profile Basic Communications Base ATMY 0 set Source Addr...

Страница 51: ...it determines the packet is addressed to it either as a global or local packet The receiving modem makes this determination by inspecting the destination address of the packet and comparing it to its...

Страница 52: ...processes in this mode are common to all of the other RF Modes When streaming data RB and RO parameters are only observed on the first packet After transmission begins the transmission event will con...

Страница 53: ...pted until the DI buffer is empty or the streaming limit TT parameter has been reached As with the first packet the payload of each follow on packet includes up to the maximum packet size PK parameter...

Страница 54: ...lisions based on RSSI Buffer any incoming serial data and delay response packet transmissions until previous packet has cleared out of network For best results use the RO and RB commands to ensure tha...

Страница 55: ...e probability that the repeaters will transmit at the same instant resulting in a collision and possible data loss an algorithm has been developed that will allow a variable back off prior to retransm...

Страница 56: ...rough R5 which are all within range of R1 The modems R2 through R5 receive the RF packet and retransmit the packet simultaneously They also send the data out the serial ports to the PLCs Bandwidth Con...

Страница 57: ...e Reliable Delivery of data Use this mode when it is critical that a base modem be able to discern data coming from multiple modems Theory of Operation A Polling Base modem will cycle through a sequen...

Страница 58: ...ransmission Subsequent retransmissions incur a delay of a random number of delay slots between 0 and RN If RN is set to 0 on the TX modem there are never any back off delays between retransmissions No...

Страница 59: ...he possibility of retransmissions Subsequent packets are sent without an RF initializer as the RX modems are already synchronized to the TX modem from the preceding packet s and they remain synchroniz...

Страница 60: ...tions that require Reliable Delivery of data Use this mode when it is critical that a base modem be able to discern data coming from multiple modems Theory of Operation A Polling Base modem will cycle...

Страница 61: ...sting This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection ag...

Страница 62: ...device has been tested with Reverse Polarity SMA connectors with the antennas listed in the tables of this section When integrated into OEM products fixed antennas require installation preventing end...

Страница 63: ...ment Yagi RPTNC 8 1 dBi 2 1 dB Fixed Mobile Table A 03 Omni directional base station antennas approved when operating at 1 watt power output or lower Part Number Type Connector Gain Required Antenna C...

Страница 64: ...ic mount w 12ft pigtail RPN 3 0 dBi Fixed A09 D3SM P12F omni directional w 12ft pigtail RPSMA 3 0 dBi Fixed A09 D3PNF omni directional permanent mount RPN 3 0 dBi Fixed A09 D3TM P12F omni directional...

Страница 65: ...ower output or lower Part Number Type Connector Gain Application A09 Y6 2 Element Yagi RPN 6 1 dBi Fixed Mobile A09 Y7 3 Element Yagi RPN 7 1 dBi Fixed Mobile A09 Y8 4 Element Yagi RPN 8 1 dBi Fixed M...

Страница 66: ...A PARTICULAR PURPOSE IN NO EVENT SHALL MAXSTREAM ITS SUPPLIERS OR LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES IN EXCESS OF THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE PRODUCT FOR ANY LOSS OF USE LOSS OF TIME INCONVENIENCE COMMERC...

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