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Routing Protocols

Routers communicate with each other through protocols that operate at
the network layer level. These routing protocols determine whether
routing tables are static or dynamic and whether

link-state

(OSPF) or

distance-vector routing

(RIP) is used. In link-state routing, each device

maintains a part of a replicated, distributed database of routing
information and collects the local link-state information from all other
devices. In distance-vector routing, each device calculates the best path to
all destinations and then shares that information with neighboring
routers.

There are a large number of standards-based routing protocols. The
Layer 3 Switch offers the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and the Open
Shortest Path First Protocol (OSPF).

Routing Tables

A routing table contains routing information including destination/next
hop associations and path desirability. Next hop associations tell a router
that a particular destination can best be reached by sending the packet to
a specific router which represents the ‘next hop’ on the way to the final
destination. When a router receives a packet, it examines the destination
address and determines the most appropriate next hop.

Path desirability concerns the most efficient path a packet can take. The
source and destination devices compare routing metrics to determine the
most desirable path between them. A routing metric is a standard of
measurement used by routing algorithms to determine the most efficient
path to a particular destination. Routing algorithms store route
information in routing tables. This information varies with the routing
algorithm used.

Dynamic and Static Routes

Routing tables usually consist of a mixture of dynamic and static routes.

■

Dynamic routes allow routers to continually learn the network
topology on a regular basis and update their own routing tables
accordingly. They are learned using a routing information protocol.
Routers using the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) send out RIP
advertisements at regular intervals to advertise their network status to
other routers. Dynamic routes age out automatically if an update is
not received for a device for a set period of time.

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Содержание SuperStack II 3300

Страница 1: ...ayer 3 Module User Guide For units in the SuperStack II Switch 1100 3300 family Switch Agent Software version 2 4 or later and SuperStack II Switch Layer 3 Module Management Software version 1 0 Part...

Страница 2: ...are provided in 3Com s standard commercial license for the Software Technical data is provided with limited rights only as provided in DFAR 252 227 7015 Nov 1995 or FAR 52 227 14 June 1987 whichever...

Страница 3: ...3 Layer 3 Module Software Features Explained 14 2 SWITCHING CONCEPTS AND NETWORK CONFIGURATION EXAMPLES Layer 3 Switching Concepts 15 Benefits of Layer 3 Switches 17 Network Configuration Examples 18...

Страница 4: ...text Commands 48 Displaying the System Configuration 48 Installing System Software using TFTP 49 Enabling Timeout of Remote Sessions 50 Setting Passwords 50 Setting the System Name 51 Working with Non...

Страница 5: ...splaying OSPF General Statistics 113 Administering RIP 114 Using ping 118 Using traceRoute 123 9 PROBLEM SOLVING Introduction 129 Interpreting LEDs 130 Identifying the Problem 130 A LAYER 3 MODULE TEC...

Страница 6: ...GLOSSARY INDEX 3COM CORPORATION LIMITED WARRANTY...

Страница 7: ...bat Reader Portable Document Format PDF on the 3Com World Wide Web site http www 3com com How to Use This Guide Table 1 shows where to look for specific information in this guide Table 1 Where to find...

Страница 8: ...vention Description Enter versus Type The word enter means you must type something then press the Return or Enter key Do not press the Return or Enter key when an instruction simply says type Words in...

Страница 9: ...to describe a particular group of commands For example the IP context contains all the commands grouped under IP in the user interface Related Documentation The following documents and Web sites cont...

Страница 10: ...AAA02 Page 24 Do not use this E mail address for technical support questions For information about contacting Technical Support see Appendix C Year 2000 Compliance This product is Year 2000 compliant...

Страница 11: ...Product Registration 11 Product Registration You can now register your product online from the 3Com Web site to receive updates and information regarding your product http www 3com com productreg pdd...

Страница 12: ...12 ABOUT THIS GUIDE...

Страница 13: ...orting to external routers If your Switch does not already have version 2 4 or later of the Switch software installed you must upgrade the Switch software before installing the Layer 3 Module See Upgr...

Страница 14: ...icast routing and its associated protocols These protocols allow packets to be efficiently routed from a single host to many other hosts Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol DVMRP This supports...

Страница 15: ...hing Concepts This section introduces basic Layer 3 switching concepts for new users What is a Layer 3 Switch A Layer 3 switch routes data at high speed between VLANS Layer 3 switches share informatio...

Страница 16: ...est be reached by sending the packet to a specific router which represents the next hop on the way to the final destination When a router receives a packet it examines the destination address and dete...

Страница 17: ...tage of static routes is that if the network links in the route definition are down traffic cannot be routed The implementation of a static route usually prohibits the router from offering an alternat...

Страница 18: ...in flat networks to maximize its effectiveness Example 1 Simple Flat Network Figure 1 shows a flat network in which all hosts and servers are attached to the same LAN All broadcast traffic on the LAN...

Страница 19: ...osts on VLAN 1 is not seen on VLAN 2 However devices on VLAN 1 and VLAN 2 cannot communicate at Layer 2 The addition of the Layer 3 Module in Switch A allows packets to be routed between VLANs Traffic...

Страница 20: ...ith only a small amount of traffic between each of the desktop hosts and the servers In this case it is sensible to place your servers on one VLAN and your users on another Figure 3 VLANs Divided acco...

Страница 21: ...dresses within a given subnet To accommodate more hosts you need to add another subnet The addition of VLANs to this network Contains broadcasts within each VLAN Enables the deployment of IP subnets Y...

Страница 22: ...ports on Switch D have each been assigned to particular VLANs This scenario reduces the load on Switch D because broadcast and multicast traffic between devices on each VLAN is not seen by the rest of...

Страница 23: ...or the SuperStack II Switch Matrix Module Traffic on each VLAN is switched at Layer 2 via Switch D and routed at Layer 3 to other VLANs via the Layer 3 Module For example traffic from VLAN 1 on Switch...

Страница 24: ...2 and switched at Layer 2 through Switch D to Switch B If you have stacked your Switches install only one Layer 3 Module in the stack In Figure 7 Switch A Switch B and Switch D form a stack using a Ma...

Страница 25: ...er 3 Module in the stack because only one Layer 3 Module is supported per stack Figure 8 Layer 3 Module Used with the SuperStack II Switch Matrix Module 3Com does not support more than one Layer 3 Mod...

Страница 26: ...ide your hosts into IP subnets 2 Allocate a VLAN identifier the 802 1Q VLAN identifier to each of these IP subnets 3 Create these VLANs on each of your Layer 2 switches 4 Select the IP addresses from...

Страница 27: ...into a unit you must first disconnect the unit from the main power supply For full safety instructions see the user guide that accompanies the unit AVERTISSEMENT Confiez l installation et la d pose d...

Страница 28: ...ch 1100 3300 family supports the Layer 3 Module 3Com recommends that you check the Release Notes that accompany the module for information on any additional device support Pre installation Procedure T...

Страница 29: ...g the SuperStack II Switch Matrix Module install only one Layer 3 Module in the stack 1 Turn off the power to the Switch and disconnect the Switch from the main power supply 2 Locate and remove the bl...

Страница 30: ...e the Layer 3 Module is accessible You can find further information on connecting a power supply and safety information in your Switch Management Guide Power On Self Test Each time the Switch and Laye...

Страница 31: ...terface for the Switch b Click the Unit icon on the side bar If there are several units in the icon click the unit containing the Layer 3 Module The Switch Graphic page is displayed containing a graph...

Страница 32: ...ormation on using the Web interface see Chapter 5 For information on using the command line interface see Defining an IP Interface on page 64 and see Chapter 7 Displaying VLAN Parameters for specific...

Страница 33: ...only VLAN on which the Switch management software can be used Once this IP address has been configured you can use Telnet the Web interface or SNMP to manage the Layer 3 Module Default Passwords Afte...

Страница 34: ...rd read and write private read only public Table 9 IP Default Values for Each Module Parameter Default Value arp arp entries age out after 15 minutes multicast DVMRP disabled IGMP query enabled No tun...

Страница 35: ...alue OSPF OSPF disabled on each new IP interface Hello timer 10 seconds Retransmit 5 seconds Dead interval 40 seconds Area ID 0 0 0 0 for each interface No password Interface cost 1 Priority 1 RIP RIP...

Страница 36: ...36 CHAPTER 3 INSTALLING AND SETTING UP THE LAYER 3 MODULE...

Страница 37: ...Transcend Network Control Services software See your network management documentation for details Depending on the tasks you need to carry out there are different levels of access described in Levels...

Страница 38: ...the browser has located the module the Web interface opens See Chapter 5 Using the Web Interface for more information about the Web interface Enter the user name admin when you log on initially becau...

Страница 39: ...er the user interface the system prompts you for an access level and password Select access level read write administer Password The passwords are stored in nonvolatile memory You must enter the passw...

Страница 40: ...40 CHAPTER 4 MANAGING THE LAYER 3 MODULE The access available at each level is also available by default at higher levels For example Read and Write access is available when in Administer mode...

Страница 41: ...tion for the Layer 3 Module is the WebConsole which is an HTML based application From this application you can manage a single Layer 3 Module Alternatively you can manage several modules at the same t...

Страница 42: ...nfigure for the selected device Menu tree Lists system menu options much like the user interface Click a menu item to view the associated form in the workspace Workspace Displays forms for the selecte...

Страница 43: ...porting Available System Context Commands Displaying the System Configuration Installing System Software using TFTP Enabling Timeout of Remote Sessions Setting Passwords Setting the System Name Workin...

Страница 44: ...nding on the module SNMP management method that you choose Access to system information through SNMP is controlled by community strings Configuring SNMP for System Management SNMP requests can be sent...

Страница 45: ...the request with the community strings that are configured for the module SNMP get get next and set requests are valid if the community string in the request matches the module s read write community...

Страница 46: ...ed destinations enter the following at the top level menu snmp trap display The following example shows a trap settings display Configuring Trap Reporting You can define up to 10 destination addresses...

Страница 47: ...destination To remove a trap destination 1 Enter the following at the top level menu snmp trap remove The following prompt is displayed Enter the trap destination address 2 Enter the SNMP trap reporti...

Страница 48: ...name The system ID The software version build date and time Table 14 System Context Commands Command Options Syntax display Display the configuration of the Layer 3 Module softwareUpgrade Initiate a T...

Страница 49: ...ng prompt is displayed Host IP address 172 16 200 14 Enter the IP address of the host machine such as a Sun workstation or PC from which you are installing the software Install file name 2 To display...

Страница 50: ...Setting Timeout Interval for Remote Sessions You can set the timeout interval for remote sessions to any value from 1 minute to 60 minutes The default timeout interval is 30 minutes To change the time...

Страница 51: ...tem does not display the password in any of the fields as you type 6 Repeat steps 1 to 5 for each level of password that you want to configure Setting the System Name Assign an easily recognizable and...

Страница 52: ...figurable parameters are saved in nonvolatile memory including Module name Passwords IP interface configurations RIP mode setting SNMP community string settings SNMP trap destination configurations Th...

Страница 53: ...s for file access To make a backup of nonvolatile data 1 Enter the following at the top level menu system nvData save The following prompt is displayed Host IP Address 172 16 100 1 2 Enter the IP addr...

Страница 54: ...n retrieve nonvolatile data that you have backed up regardless of the system configuration To retrieve nonvolatile data 1 Enter the following at the top level menu system nvData restore The following...

Страница 55: ...tore the module s nonvolatile data Instead you may want to reset the values to the factory defaults see Factory Default Values on page 32 so that you can start configuring the module from the original...

Страница 56: ...or Telnet session rebooting disconnects your session To reboot the module 1 Enter the following at the top level menu system reset The following prompt is displayed Are you sure you want to reboot the...

Страница 57: ...sponding VLAN indexes for all these VLANs automatically The module uses these VLAN indexes to assign IP addresses to VLANs You can display the VLANs that the module has learnt from the Switch using th...

Страница 58: ...58 CHAPTER 7 DISPLAYING VLAN PARAMETERS The following example shows a VLAN summary display...

Страница 59: ...Cache Administering the Domain Name Server Client Administering UDP Helper Administering IP Multicast Routing Administering Multicast Tunnels Enabling and Disabling ICMP Router Discovery Administering...

Страница 60: ...ting table static Define a static route remove Remove a static route flush Flush all learned routes arp display Display the contents of the ARP cache static Define a static ARP cache entry remove Remo...

Страница 61: ...finitions for each area defineArea Define a new area modifyArea Modify an existing area removeArea Remove an area definition and its associated ranges addRange Add a range to an area modifyRange Modif...

Страница 62: ...emove Remove a static neighbor routerID Define router IDs partition display Display the current memory allocated to OSPF modify Allocate less or more memory resource to OSPF stubDefaultMetric display...

Страница 63: ...sed as four decimal numbers from 0 to 255 separated by periods for example 255 255 0 0 The first two octets represent the network ID and the final two represent the host part of the address password S...

Страница 64: ...front panel ports VLAN Index VLAN ID The VLAN index indicates which 802 1Q VLAN is associated with that IP interface When the menu prompts you for this option it displays a list of available VLANs To...

Страница 65: ...N ID for this VLAN Modifying an IP Interface You can change the configuration of an interface you have already defined To modify an IP interface 1 Enter the following at the top level menu ip interfac...

Страница 66: ...le includes the metric in its RIP updates to allow other routers to compare routing information received from different sources Gateway IP Address Tells the module how to forward packets whose destina...

Страница 67: ...ination address of 89 1 9 99 yields 89 1 0 0 2 The Layer 3 Module compares the masked destination address to the network address of the route In this case the masked destination address of 89 1 0 0 ma...

Страница 68: ...stination Static routes are not included in periodic RIP updates sent by the Layer 3 Module To define a static route 1 Enter the following at the top level menu ip route static The following prompt is...

Страница 69: ...do not match any other routing table entry The Layer 3 Module can learn a default route using RIP or you can configure a default route statically If the routing table does not contain a default route...

Страница 70: ...ely after a restart Displaying the ARP Cache Enter the following at the top level menu ip arp display The following example shows an IP ARP cache display Defining a Static ARP Cache Entry ARP usually...

Страница 71: ...ss has changed To remove all entries from the ARP cache 1 Enter the following at the top level menu ip arp flush The Layer 3 Module removes the entries from the ARP cache immediately Setting the Age T...

Страница 72: ...the IP address associated with it See your DNS documentation for information about how to create and maintain lists of domain names and IP addresses on the name servers Displaying the DNS Configurati...

Страница 73: ...he following at the top level menu ip dns modify The Layer 3 Module displays the list of Name Server IP addresses and the index number associated with each one Index Name Server IP address 1 10 0 0 4...

Страница 74: ...as the Bootstrap Protocol BOOTP and the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP are available so that you can boot hosts through this router The UDP services that are mentioned in this section on UD...

Страница 75: ...ng prompt is displayed Enter UDP port number 1 65535 67 2 Enter the UDP port number Enter forwarding IP address 3 Enter the forwarding address Removing a Port or an IP Forwarding Address You can remov...

Страница 76: ...r the following at the top level menu ip udpHelper threshold The following prompt is displayed Enter BOOTP relay threshold 0 65535 2 2 Enter the BOOTP relay threshold value Administering IP Multicast...

Страница 77: ...rive in the same order relative to the transmission of other packets The only difference between a multicast IP packet and a unicast IP packet is the presence of a group address in the Destination Add...

Страница 78: ...y mode search method to determine this information The router or switch with the lowest IP address in the LAN broadcasts a query to all other members of the subnetwork to determine whether they are al...

Страница 79: ...than the packet TTL then the interface does not forward the packet The default value is 1 which means that the interface forwards all packets Displaying Multicast Interface Information To display inf...

Страница 80: ...t Tunnels A multicast tunnel allows multicast packets to cross several unicast routers to a destination router that supports multicast routing A tunnel has two end points The local end point is associ...

Страница 81: ...The IP address of the destination multicast router must be a remote address The destination router cannot be directly connected to the same subnetworks as the local IP address Enter tunnel DVMRP metr...

Страница 82: ...Module To edit the multicast cache 1 Enter the following at the top level menu ip multicast cacheDisplay The following prompt is displayed Enter multicast source address 255 255 255 255 Table 17 Cache...

Страница 83: ...l Refer to the documentation for your workstation to determine whether it can be configured to work with this protocol Table 18 Multicast Cache Display Fields Field Description Origin The source of th...

Страница 84: ...domains areas Routers communicate to each other the state of each of their links in link state advertisements LSAs An LSA enables a router to learn the best shortest path to a destination network The...

Страница 85: ...the module assigns an index number to the area The module uses the next available index number for the area you define To define an OSPF area 1 Enter the following at the top level menu ip ospf areas...

Страница 86: ...ex number of the area you want to remove Adding a Range You can add a range to a previously defined OSPF area When you add a range you specify only the network portion of the IP address To add a range...

Страница 87: ...Press Enter if you do not want to change it Advertise this area range yes no yes 6 Specify whether to advertise the range on the network The default is yes Removing a Range To remove a previously def...

Страница 88: ...ayed Default route metric 1 65535 1 2 Enter the default route metric value at the prompt Removing a Default Route Metric To remove a default route metric from the Layer 3 Module enter the following at...

Страница 89: ...ys Field Description Indx Interface entry index corresponding to the IP interface index Pri OSPF router priority for the interface Area ID OSPF area that the interface belongs to Xmit Cost Interface t...

Страница 90: ...face Waiting The router is trying to determine the identity of the DR and BDR on the network PTP The interface is operational and connects to either a point to point network or a virtual link The rout...

Страница 91: ...ckets transmitted receiveLSR Number of LSA request packets received transmitLSR Number of LSA request packets transmitted receiveLsAck Number of LSA acknowledgments received transmitLsAck Number of LS...

Страница 92: ...f three ways Designated router DR The router with the highest priority value is always the designated router unless a designated router already exists on the subnetwork Backup designated router BDR A...

Страница 93: ...r more information about OSPF areas Because all routers on the network segment are in the same area set the area ID to the same value for each router To set the area ID 1 Enter the following at the to...

Страница 94: ...2 Enter an IP interface number Enter transmit delay 1 65535 1 3 Enter the interface transmit delay value Setting the Hello Timer The interface hello timer determines how often the interface transmits...

Страница 95: ...l 2 Enter an IP interface Enter LSA restransmit time 1 65535 5 3 Enter the LSA retransmit time in seconds Setting the Dead Interval The value of the dead interval determines how long neighbor routers...

Страница 96: ...racters Use the password none to remove a previously assigned password Displaying the Link State Database The link state database contains information about different link state advertisements LSAs Th...

Страница 97: ...hows a link state database summary display Table 22 describes the link state database summary display fields Displaying Router LSAs This display shows the router LSAs in the link state database Router...

Страница 98: ...detect older duplicate LSAs LS Age Time in seconds since LSA was originated Flags V Router is the endpoint of an active virtual link that is using the area as a transmit area ASBR Router is an autono...

Страница 99: ...LSID mask Table 24 describes the fields in the link state database network display Link Data PTP MIB II index value for an unnumbered point to point interface Transit IP interface address of designate...

Страница 100: ...g prompt is displayed Enter Area ID 0 0 0 0 2 Enter the ID of the OSPF area Enter Area mask 0 0 0 0 3 Enter the area mask Enter LSID 0 0 0 0 4 Enter the LSID Enter LSID mask 0 0 0 0 5 Enter the LSID m...

Страница 101: ...of the LSA used to detect older duplicate LSAs LS Age Time in seconds since LSA was originated Network Mask Type 3 destination network s IP address mask Type 4 this type is not used must be 0 Metric...

Страница 102: ...scribes the fields in the neighbors display Type Type 1 normal link state metric Type 2 metric is larger than any local link state path RouteTag Not used by OSPF these 32 bits may be used to communica...

Страница 103: ...ters Exchange Database descriptions are being exchanged Loading LSA databases are being exchanged Full Neighboring routers are fully adjacent Pri Neighbor s OSPF router priority RxQ Number of LSAs in...

Страница 104: ...1 Enter the following at the top level menu ip ospf neighbors remove The following prompt is displayed Select IP interface 1 4 3 2 Enter the IP interface Enter static neighbor address 3 Enter the IP a...

Страница 105: ...uter ID and the router ID type Current OSPF router id 172 16 142 1 interface Enter router ID type default interface address default 2 Enter the required router ID type 3 Do one of the following a If y...

Страница 106: ...ocates memory in 100 000 byte chunks up to the current partition maximum size Modifying Memory Partitions This command changes the OSPF memory allocation This change takes effect at system reboot In n...

Страница 107: ...default value is 1 To define a default stub metric 1 Enter the following at the top level menu ip ospf stubDefaultMetric define The following prompt is displayed Enter stub default metric 1 65535 1 2...

Страница 108: ...e default values of these characteristics with the commands in this section Displaying Virtual Links To display information about the virtual links associated with the interface you specify 1 Enter on...

Страница 109: ...ollowing prompt is displayed Select virtual link 1 32 1 2 Select the virtual link Table 29 Field Attributes for Virtual Links Display Field Description Indx Index of the local interface that the virtu...

Страница 110: ...Enter the following at the top level menu ip ospf virtualLinks define The following prompt is displayed Enter transit area 2 Enter the transit area in the form of an IP address This is the area that t...

Страница 111: ...y the new area ID Modifying the Target Router To modify the target router associated with the virtual link 1 Enter the following at the top level menu ip ospf virtualLinks router The following prompt...

Страница 112: ...o interval is 10 seconds To set the hello timer 1 Enter the following at the top level menu ip ospf virtualLinks hello 2 The following prompt is displayed Select virtual link 1 2 all 3 Enter the virtu...

Страница 113: ...Enter the value of the dead interval in seconds Setting the Password You can set the virtual link password which allows you to ensure that only routers with the correct password can use a virtual lin...

Страница 114: ...sually routers broadcast their RIP messages to all devices in a network or subnetwork they update their own routing tables when they receive a RIP message from another device The passive devices usual...

Страница 115: ...n an interface Disabled The module ignores all incoming RIP packets and does not generate any RIP packets of its own Enabled The module processes all incoming RIP packets responds to explicit requests...

Страница 116: ...lowing at the top level menu ip rip poisonReverse The following prompt is displayed Select IP interfaces 1 4 all 4 2 Select the interface you require Interface 2 Enter RIP poison reverse mode disabled...

Страница 117: ...e following prompt is displayed Select IP interface 1 4 2 2 Select the interface from the available interfaces or specify to get a list of the selectable interfaces Interface 2 Enter advertisement add...

Страница 118: ...more information about ICMP When a router sends an echo request packet to an IP station using ping the router waits for an ICMP echo reply packet The response from the remote IP station indicates whe...

Страница 119: ...lt ping options see Table 31 on page 120 To change the default ping options use the advancedPing command and press Enter until you see the prompt for the option you want to change To ping a host with...

Страница 120: ...he number of seconds that the system waits before it sends out successive ICMP echo request packets You may want to set this option to a high value if network traffic is heavy and you choose not to ad...

Страница 121: ...the quiet mode 7 Enter the wait value in seconds burst When this option is enabled the system sends out the ICMP echo request packets as rapidly as possible When this option is enabled it overrides t...

Страница 122: ...9999 3 Enter packet size bytes 28 4096 64 Enter Burst Transmit Ping mode disabled enabled disabled Enter Quiet mode disabled enabled disabled Enter time sec waits between sending each packet 1 20 1 2...

Страница 123: ...es UDP probe packets with a small TTL value and then listens for an ICMP Time Exceeded reply from a gateway Probes start with a small TTL of one and increase the value by one until one of the followin...

Страница 124: ...me See Administering the Domain Name Server Client on page 72 for further information To trace a route to a host 1 Enter the following at the top level menu ip traceRoute 2 At the prompt specify the h...

Страница 125: ...mines the maximum number of hops that the system can use in outgoing probe packets port The destination or base UDP port number that the system uses in probe packets Set the destination UDP port numbe...

Страница 126: ...ress set to the default 9 If you are changing the source address do one of the following a Enter the index number for the ICMP source address that you want to use b Enter to display a list of the inde...

Страница 127: ...r of probes to be sent at each ttl level 1 10 3 Enter time sec to wait for a response 1 10 3 Enter the packet size bytes 28 4096 28 Configure TRACEROUTE sourceAddress n y y Index Interface address 0 B...

Страница 128: ...128 CHAPTER 8 SETTING IP PARAMETERS...

Страница 129: ...uggests possible solutions It contains the following sections Interpreting LEDs The two module status LEDs on the Switch provide valuable status information that can be used for troubleshooting You ma...

Страница 130: ...o module installed in the Switch Table 36 Identifying Problems with the Layer 3 Module Problem Cause Solution The module status LED on the front panel of the Switch is not lit when the Layer 3 Module...

Страница 131: ...command on the Switch to enable the Layer 3 Module You may have to restart the Switch if you change the enabled disabled state of the module Cannot ping or Telnet to the Layer 3 Module VLAN 1 IP addr...

Страница 132: ...le is continually rebooting Follow the procedure in Resetting the Module to the Factory Default Values in Appendix B bridge vlan summary on the Layer 3 Module does not show any of the VLANs that have...

Страница 133: ...3 Module must be reset to the factory default values when moved from switch to switch Follow the procedure in Resetting the Module to the Factory Default Values in Appendix B After saving a configura...

Страница 134: ...ppendix B and reconfigure the Layer 3 Module You can ping or Telnet to the Layer 3 Module from hosts on VLAN 1 but not from any of the hosts on other VLANs Main application image has become corrupted...

Страница 135: ...AN Ensure that IGMP is enabled using the ip multicast igmp command See Enabling and Disabling IGMP on page 78 Verify that the Layer 3 Module is the IGMP querier for the VLAN by checking the ip multica...

Страница 136: ...Telnet does not work Run Telnet manually instead Although you have no front panel ports up on a VLAN the ip interface summary display reports the corresponding IP interface as UP In addition other ro...

Страница 137: ...ass A AS NZS 3548 Class B VCCI Class B Immunity EN50082 1 Power Consumption Current Rating 5V DC 7A maximum 35W maximum Standards Supported SNMP SNMP protocol RFC 1157 MIB II RFC 1213 BOOTP RFC 951 Te...

Страница 138: ...radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this equipment in a residential ar...

Страница 139: ...guration Application can only be accessed via Telnet from hosts on VLAN 1 To start the Layer 3 Module running with the Configuration Application 1 Use the Switch Web interface or command line interfac...

Страница 140: ...er up the Switch 6 Release the configuration switch 7 Telnet to the Layer 3 Module IP address from any host on VLAN 1 You will see a menu display similar to the one in Figure 12 Figure 12 Configuratio...

Страница 141: ...stalled on VLAN 1 The application image that you want to download must be installed on this TFTP server 1 Enter 1 and the IP address of the TFTP server The menu now refreshes to display this change 2...

Страница 142: ...4458064 bytes OK If the image loaded into the Layer 3 Module is corrupt you receive an error message similar to the following This image has an invalid checksum This may be because the image was not...

Страница 143: ...y Restarting the Module 1 Enter 3 to exit the Layer 3 Module 2 To restart the module do one of the following Power down and then power up the Switch Use the system reset command on the Switch To use t...

Страница 144: ...144 APPENDIX B CONFIGURATION APPLICATION...

Страница 145: ...FactsSM automated fax service World Wide Web Site Access the latest networking information on the 3Com Corporation World Wide Web site by entering the URL into your Internet browser http www 3com com...

Страница 146: ...ntains patches software and drivers for 3Com products This service is available through analog modem or digital modem ISDN 24 hours a day 7 days a week Access by Analog Modem To reach the service by m...

Страница 147: ...stic error messages Details about recent configuration changes if applicable If you are unable to contact your network supplier see the following section on how to contact 3Com Support from 3Com If yo...

Страница 148: ...Europe call 31 0 30 6029900 phone 31 0 30 6029999 fax From the following European countries you may use the toll free numbers Austria Belgium Denmark Finland France Germany Hungary Ireland Israel Ita...

Страница 149: ...44 1442 435718 Latin America 1 408 326 2927 1 408 326 3355 From the following European countries you may call the toll free numbers select option 2 and then option 2 Austria Belgium Denmark Finland Fr...

Страница 150: ...150 APPENDIX C TECHNICAL SUPPORT...

Страница 151: ...ds Institute A United States technology standards organization ARP Address Resolution Protocol ARP is a TCP IP Interior Gateway Protocol for dynamically mapping Internet addresses to physical hardware...

Страница 152: ...3 255 255 0 with a subnet mask of 255 255 255 0 designated router In OSPF each multiaccess network with at least two attached routers has a designated router The designated router has special duties i...

Страница 153: ...that consists of a single backbone domain The connections between devices are only at the Layer 2 level and do not contain routers host An IP end station such as a UNIX workstation a personal computer...

Страница 154: ...multicast groups IGMP snooping A Layer 2 switch uses IGMP snooping to identify which hosts have requested multicasts The switch can therefore identify which hosts should receive a multicast stream an...

Страница 155: ...destination network link state advertisement The mechanism by which OSPF routing information is exchanged MAC address The hardware address of a device connected to a shared network medium multicast A...

Страница 156: ...between routers router convergence This occurs when all of the routers in a given OSPF area agree on the best path to a destination routing A network management function responsible for forwarding pac...

Страница 157: ...enabling an application to send individual messages to other applications Delivery is not guaranteed and messages need not be delivered in the same order as they were sent UDP Helper The UDP helper fo...

Страница 158: ...connections to those areas in the OSPF autonomous system that are not directly connected to the backbone VLAN Virtual Local Area Network a group of location and topology independent devices that comm...

Страница 159: ...120 traceRoute 125 advertise mode RIP 115 advertisement addresses adding 116 IP interface characteristics 64 removing 117 age time setting 71 allocating memory for OSPF 106 area IDs modifying for virt...

Страница 160: ...ay 94 ip ospf interface hello 94 ip ospf interface mode 92 ip ospf interface retransmit 95 ip ospf interface statistics 90 ip ospf interface summary 89 ip ospf linkStateData databaseSummary 97 ip ospf...

Страница 161: ...ing 69 setting 69 default values IP configuration 34 ping 119 resetting for NV data 55 143 route metric 87 SNMP 32 system 33 system console timeout 50 traceRoute 125 defining default route metric 88 I...

Страница 162: ...Domain Name Server See DNS DVMRP 14 77 disabling 77 enabling 77 DVMRP metric value 79 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol See DHCP dynamic routes 16 E enabled mode RIP 115 enabling DVMRP 77 ICMP rout...

Страница 163: ...ace display 79 multicast interface enable 79 multicast routeDisplay 82 multicast tunnel define 81 multicast tunnel display 80 multicast tunnel remove 81 ospf areas addRange 86 ospf areas defineArea 85...

Страница 164: ...N 1 IP address 134 configuration application 139 to 143 configuration switch 29 contacting from VLANs 134 contacting IP address 131 downloading software using TFTP 49 essential configuration 30 handli...

Страница 165: ...saved 52 file information 52 parameters 52 resetting 55 resetting default values 55 143 restoring 54 saving 52 transferring 52 O online technical services 145 Open Shortest Path First protocol See OS...

Страница 166: ...overing 143 setting 50 SNMP community 34 virtual links 113 ping advanced options 120 burst 121 commands 118 count 120 default values 119 packet size 120 quiet 120 responses 119 source address 121 wait...

Страница 167: ...ault 17 defining static 68 dynamic 16 flushing 69 multicast 82 removing 68 removing the default 69 setting default 69 static 17 routing multicast 14 76 protocols 16 unicast 14 Routing Information Prot...

Страница 168: ...IP 117 status routing table entry 66 stub area default metric value 107 OSPF areas 85 subnet masks IP interface characteristics 63 routing table entry 66 troubleshooting 136 SuperStack II Switch Matri...

Страница 169: ...79 ttl option traceRoute command 125 U UDP 123 UDP helper 14 administering 74 defining forwarding addresses 75 defining port numbers 75 displaying information 74 removing forwarding addresses 75 remo...

Страница 170: ...170 INDEX menu tree 42 overview 41 tabs panel 42 workspace 42 World Wide Web WWW 145 Y Year 2000 compliance 137...

Страница 171: ...ct in the third party s product YEAR 2000 WARRANTY In addition to the Hardware Products Warranty and Software Products Warranty identified above 3Com warrants that all Heritage 3Com products sold or l...

Страница 172: ...TO THE FULL EXTENT ALLOWED BY LAW THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES ARE EXCLUSIVE AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES TERMS OR CONDITIONS EXPRESS OR IMPLIED EITHER IN FACT OR BY OPERATION OF...

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