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ZED-F9P - Integration manual

Figure 33: SBAS subframe words

3.13.1.7 QZSS

The structure of the data delivered by QZSS L1C/A signals is eﬀectively identical to that for GPS
(L1C/A). Similarly the structure of the data delivered by the QZSS L2C signal is eﬀectively identical
to GPS (L2C). Similarly the structure of the data delivered by the QZSS L1S signal is eﬀectively
identical to SBAS (L1C/A).

3.13.1.8 Summary

The following table gives a summary of the diﬀerent data message formats reported by the UBX-
RXM-SFRBX message:

GNSS

Signal

gnssId

sigId

numWords

period

GPS

L1C/A

0

0

10

6s

SBAS

L1C/A

1

0

8

1s

GPS

L2CL

0

3

10

12s

GPS

L2CM

0

4

10

12s

Galileo

E1 C

2

0

8

2s

Galileo

E1 B

2

1

8

2s

Galileo

E5 bl

2

5

8

2s

Galileo

E5 bQ

2

6

8

2s

BeiDou

B1I D1

3

0

10

6s

BeiDou

B1I D2

3

1

10

0.6s

BeiDou

B2I D1

3

2

10

0.6s

BeiDou

B2I D2

3

3

10

0.6s

QZSS

L1C/A

5

0

10

6s

QZSS

L1S

5

1

8

1s

QZSS

L2CM

5

4

10

12s

QZSS

L2CL

5

5

10

12s

GLONASS

L1OF

6

0

4

2s

UBX-18010802 - R08

3 Receiver functionality

Page 69 of 110

Early production information

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Summary of Contents for ZED-F9P

Page 1: ...ecision GNSS module Integration manual Abstract This document describes the features and application of the ZED F9P a multi band GNSS module with integrated RTK o ering centimeter level accuracy www u...

Page 2: ...ellectual property rights Reproduction use modi cation or disclosure to third parties of this document or any part thereof without the express permission of u blox is strictly prohibited The informati...

Page 3: ...ration 22 3 2 SBAS 27 3 3 QZSS SLAS 28 3 3 1 Features 29 3 3 2 Con guration 29 3 4 Geofencing 30 3 4 1 Introduction 30 3 4 2 Interface 30 3 4 3 Geofence state evaluation 30 3 4 4 Using a PIO for geofe...

Page 4: ...iming functionality 56 3 11 1 Time pulse 56 3 11 2 Timemark 60 3 12 Security 61 3 12 1 Spoo ng detection monitoring 61 3 12 2 Jamming interference indicator 62 3 12 3 GNSS receiver integrity 63 3 13 u...

Page 5: ...matic design 88 4 8 7 Layout design in guideline 88 5 Product handling 89 5 1 ESD handling precautions 89 5 2 Soldering 89 5 3 Tapes 92 5 4 Reels 93 5 5 Moisture sensitivity levels 93 Appendix 94 A Gl...

Page 6: ...loyed Most of the following sub sections should be familiar to existing users of u blox positioning products however some changes are introduced owing to the new con guration messages The sections fro...

Page 7: ...ow Figure 1 Typical applications for the ZED F9P 2 1 1 1 Modes of operation The ZED F9P supports the following modes of operation 1 ZED F9P operating as a base It provides RTCM correction data to a ZE...

Page 8: ...an NTRIP service provider The u center NTRIP client then provides the RTCM 3 3 corrections to a ZED F9P rover connected to the local u center application Virtual reference service is also supported b...

Page 9: ...ngle xed reference source which is local within 50 km to the rover receiver or via a virtual reference service in which corrections are synthesized for the rovers location The moving base feature also...

Page 10: ...manual Figure 4 ZED F9P base and rover in a short baseline robotic mower application Figure 5 ZED F9P orientation of a vehicle in space UBX 18010802 R08 2 System description Page 10 of 110 Early prod...

Page 11: ...tion items An item is made up of a pair consisting of a key ID and a value Related items are grouped together and identi ed under a common group name CFG GROUP a convention used in u center and within...

Page 12: ...ximum bit rate 400 kb s SPI Allow communication to a host CPU operated in slave mode only Default messages activated as in UART1 Input output protocols available as in UART1 SPI is not available unles...

Page 13: ...d for each communication interface via the CFG INFMSG con guration group All message output is additionally subject to the protocol con guration of the communication interfaces Messages of a given pro...

Page 14: ...Set to 1 if the required logic polarity is active low default CFG HW ANT_CFG_PWRDOWN Power down antenna supply if short circuit is detected CFG HW ANT_CFG_PWRDOWN_POL Power down antenna logic polarity...

Page 15: ...moving base setup 3 1 5 1 RTCM corrections RTCM is a binary data protocol for communication of GNSS correction information The ZED F9P high precision receiver supports RTCM as speci ed by RTCM 10403 3...

Page 16: ...097 Galileo MSM7 RTCM 1124 BeiDou MSM4 RTCM 1127 BeiDou MSM7 RTCM 1230 GLONASS code phase biases RTCM 4072 0 Reference station PVT u blox proprietary RTCM Message RTCM 4072 1 Additional reference stat...

Page 17: ...to operate in RTK xed mode This will result in degraded performance especially in challenging environments CFG RTCM DF003_IN can be used to con gure the desired reference station ID and CFG RTCM DF003...

Page 18: ...er of xes used for the position estimate Values can range from one day for high accuracy requirements to a few minutes for coarse position determination A 3D position standard deviation de nes a limit...

Page 19: ...CFGTMODE ECEF_Z For high precision mm coordinates use CFG TMODEECEF_X_HP CFG TMODE ECEF_Y_HP CFG TMODE ECEF_Z_HP The same applies with corresponding coordinates used with CFG TMODE POS_TYPE LLH The 3...

Page 20: ...imated as oat even in RTK xed mode The static reference station message type 1005 or type 1006 does not need to be broadcast at the same rate as the observation messages however a rover will not be ab...

Page 21: ...receiving RTCM 3 3 corrections In addition to the rules described in the rover operation section the following moving base speci c rules apply A moving base receiver typically experiences worse GNSS t...

Page 22: ...ceiver s interpretation of the measurements and thus provide a more accurate position output Setting the receiver to an unsuitable platform model for the given application environment is likely to res...

Page 23: ...The receiver can be forced to only calculate 2D 2D only or 3D 3D only positions CFG NAVSPG CONSTR_ALT CFG NAVSPG CONSTR_ALTVAR The xed altitude is used if xMode is set to 2D only A variance greater t...

Page 24: ...re the level as de ned in the CFG ODO VELLPGAIN con guration item de nes the nominal ltering level for speeds below 5 m s 3 1 7 3 2 Course over ground low pass lter The CFG ODO OUTLPCOG con guration i...

Page 25: ...e velocity acceleration changes of the valid ag e g position accuracy estimate exceeding the position accuracy mask see also section Navigation output lters position displacement etc The CFG MOT GNSSD...

Page 26: ...racy e g with bad signals or if the absolute speed value is very low under 0 1 m s then the course over ground value becomes inaccurate too In this case the course over ground value is frozen i e the...

Page 27: ...wed Integrity enabled disabled and the signal link quality to the satellite If corrections are available from the chosen SBAS satellite and used in the navigation calculation the di erential status wi...

Page 28: ...group Parameter Description CFG SIGNAL SBAS_ENA Enabled disabled status of the SBAS subsystem CFG SBAS USE_TESTMODE Allow disallow SBAS usage from satellites in test mode CFG SBAS USE_RANGING Use the...

Page 29: ...ovides detailed information about which corrections are available and applied Message type Message content 0 Test mode 47 Monitoring station information 48 PRN mask 49 Data issue number 50 DGPS correc...

Page 30: ...in assigned to a PIO being used for geofence state indication 3 4 3 Geofence state evaluation With every navigation epoch the receiver will evaluate the current solution s position versus the con gure...

Page 31: ...table lists all the logging related messages Message Description UBX LOG CREATE Creates a log le and activates the logging system UBX LOG ERASE Erases a log le and deactivates the logging subsystem UB...

Page 32: ...e a valid time stamp Log entries are compressed and have housekeeping information associated with them so the actual space occupied by log messages may be di cult to predict The minimum size for a pos...

Page 33: ...in the order of 0 1 m Altitude height above mean sea level to a precision of 0 1 m Entries with an altitude lower than 470 m lower than the lowest point on earth or higher than 20 000 m may not be rec...

Page 34: ...ding via CFG_LOGFILTER RECORD_ENA while retrieving log entries from a circular log to avoid deletion of the requested entries between the request and transmission The receiver will send a UBX LOG RETR...

Page 35: ...the con guration interface which is described in the ZED F9P interface description 2 Each protocol can be enabled on several ports at the same time multi port capability with individual settings e g...

Page 36: ...he wrong baud rate is used or the UART RX pin is grounded An error message appears when the UART RX interface is re enabled at the end of the one second period Baud rate Data bits Parity Stop bits 960...

Page 37: ...ost u blox receivers are con gured to the same default I2C slave address value To poll or set the I2C slave address use the CFG I2C ADDRESS con guration item see ZED F9P Interface description 2 The CF...

Page 38: ...low for write access are clocked onto the bus by the master transmitter The receiver answers with an acknowledge logic low to indicate that it recognizes the address Next the 8 bit address of the regi...

Page 39: ...eiver does not provide any write access except for writing UBX and NMEA messages to the receiver such as con guration or aiding data Therefore the register set mentioned in the section Read access is...

Page 40: ...all bytes written to the receiver are set to 0xFF To prevent the receiver from being busy parsing incoming data the parsing process is stopped after 50 subsequent bytes containing 0xFF The parsing pr...

Page 41: ...not used in an application The voltage range for V_USB is speci ed from 3 0 V to 3 6 V which di ers slightly from the speci cation for VCC The boot screen is retransmitted on the USB port after enume...

Page 42: ...3 7 3 SAFEBOOT_N The ZED F9P provides a SAFEBOOT_N pin that is used to command the receiver safe boot mode If this pin is low at power up the receiver starts in safe boot mode and GNSS operation is d...

Page 43: ...ead back and the settings of TX READY feature veri ed will be set to disabled all zero if the settings are invalid The threshold when TX_READY is asserted should not be set above 2 kB as it is possibl...

Page 44: ...mode has been achieved An active low pin level indicates that RTK xed mode has been achieved Otherwise the pin level is high The RTK_STAT pin status can be mapped to the carrSoln eld of the UBX NAV P...

Page 45: ...10N 10 16V TYCO 0 25PF PESD0402 140 55 125C ESD protection diode on RF trace Table 24 Recommended components for antenna supervisor 3 8 1 Antenna voltage control ANT_OFF Antenna status as reported in...

Page 46: ...default GNTXT 01 01 02 ANTSTATUS SHORT 73 ANT_OFF active high therefore still low still enabled as auto power down is not enabled After a detected antenna short the reported antenna status will keep o...

Page 47: ...tart up message at power up if con guration is stored GNTXT 01 01 02 ANTSUPERV AC SD OD PDoS SR 15 GNTXT 01 01 02 ANTSTATUS INIT 3B GNTXT 01 01 02 ANTSTATUS OK 25 ANTSUPERV AC SD OD PDoS SR indicates...

Page 48: ...have a fallback mechanism to use another server instead 3 9 3 Preserving information during power o The performance of u blox receivers immediately after they are turned on is enhanced by providing t...

Page 49: ...ate MGA messages However it is important to ensure that the receiver has an estimate of the current time before it processes any other assistance data For this reason it is strongly recommended to sen...

Page 50: ...ome of the assistance messages The simplest way to implement ow control would be to send one UBX MGA message at a time waiting for the acknowledgment before sending the next However such a strategy is...

Page 51: ...ites which are likely to be visible from the approximate position provided by the lat lon alt and pacc parameters If the lat and lon parameters are not provided the service will return an error lteron...

Page 52: ...1 kHz clock tick takes in the time base of one of the GNSS systems in a multi GNSS receiver In previous generations of u blox receivers this was always the GPS time base but for the current generatio...

Page 53: ...messages reporting GNSS system time or receiver local time It is recommended to use messages that report UTC time and other messages are retained only for backwards compatibility reasons 3 10 3 iTOW t...

Page 54: ...time is known without full seconds ambiguity When deriving UTC time from GNSS time the number of leap seconds must be known with the exception of GLONASS It might take several minutes to obtain such i...

Page 55: ...to handle minutes that are either 59 or 61 seconds long Leap second information can be polled from the u blox receiver with the message UBX NAV TIMELS 3 10 8 Real time clock u blox receivers contain...

Page 56: ...f the receiver sees transmissions containing week numbers in the range of 500 1023 these will be interpreted as week numbers 1524 2047 calendar year 2009 2019 whereas transmissions with week numbers f...

Page 57: ...e receivers is required do not mix receivers of di erent product families If this is required the receivers must be calibrated accordingly by setting cable delay and user delay The recommended con gur...

Page 58: ...and nally European if Galileo is enabled The receiver will assume that the input time pulse uses the same GNSS time base as speci ed for the output using CFG TP So if the user selects GLONASS time for...

Page 59: ...received signal Only used if the corresponding item is set to use another setting in locked mode user delay The cable delay from the receiver to the user device plus signal delay of any user applicati...

Page 60: ...d can be set in the CFG NAVSPG con guration group The delay gures de ned with CFG TP are also applied to the results output in the UBX TIM TM2 message A UBX TIM TM2 message is output at the next epoch...

Page 61: ...w gives an overview about possible threads and which functionality is available to detect and or mitigate it Threat u blox solution Over air signal integrity Spoo ng detection mitigation Jamming detec...

Page 62: ...ITFM broadband interference monitoring The eld flags of the UBX MON RF message can be used as an indicator for both broadband and continuous wave CW jammers interference It is independent of the CW on...

Page 63: ...subframe generically it is not strictly the correct term for all GNSS e g GLONASS has strings and Galileo has pages 3 13 1 1 Parsing navigation data subframes Each UBX RXM SFRBX message contains a sub...

Page 64: ...1C A signals there is a fairly straightforward mapping between the reported subframe and the structure of subframe and words described in the GPS ICD Each subframe comprises ten data words which are r...

Page 65: ...and are included to aid decoding of the transmitted data However the receiver does not always know these values in which case a value of zero is reported The four words are arranged as follows Figure...

Page 66: ...ileo E1 C B and E5 bl bQ signals both transmit the I NAV message but in di erent con gurations The UBX RXM SFRBX structures for them are as follows 3 13 1 5 1 Galileo E1 C B For Galileo E1 C B signals...

Page 67: ...ileo E5 bI bQ signals each reported subframe contains a pair of I NAV pages as described in the Galileo ICD Galileo pages can either be Nominal or Alert pages For Nominal pages the eight words are arr...

Page 68: ...e structure of the eight words will be slightly di erent as indicated by the Galileo ICD 3 13 1 6 SBAS For SBAS L1C A signals each reported subframe contains eight 32 data words to deliver the 250 bit...

Page 69: ...ollowing table gives a summary of the di erent data message formats reported by the UBX RXM SFRBX message GNSS Signal gnssId sigId numWords period GPS L1C A 0 0 10 6s SBAS L1C A 1 0 8 1s GPS L2CL 0 3...

Page 70: ...s ephemeris is still valid Since the receiver does not need to download ephemeris again this is the fastest startup method Using the UBX CFG RST message you can force the receiver to reset and clear d...

Page 71: ...the PIOs is listed in Table 30 The ZED F9P is an LGA package with the I O on the outside edge and central ground pads Figure 34 ZED F9P pin assignment Pin No Name I O Description 1 GND Ground 2 RF_IN...

Page 72: ...Reserved 32 GND Ground 33 VCC I Voltage supply 34 VCC I Voltage supply 35 Reserved Reserved 36 V_BCKP I Backup supply voltage 37 GND Ground 38 V_USB I USB supply 39 USB_DM I O USB data 40 USB_DP I O...

Page 73: ...rate input voltage noise due to dynamic current conditions For the ZED F9P module the equipment must be supplied by an external limited power source in compliance with the clause 2 5 of the standard I...

Page 74: ...iver requires a low noise low dropout voltage and a very low source impedance power supply of 3 3 V typically No inductors or ferrite beads should be used from LDO to the module VCC pin The peak curre...

Page 75: ...If antenna bias is required see ZED F9P antenna bias section The host interface typically supplies the RTCM messages required for RTK operation 4 4 Antenna u blox recommends using an active antenna wi...

Page 76: ...B max at Zenith Phase center variation 10 mm over elevation azimuth Group delay variation in band 6 10 ns max at each GNSS system bandwidth Note Inter signal requirement 50 ns max EMI immunity out of...

Page 77: ...bias t inductor must be chosen for multi band operation a value of 120 nH 5 is recommended for the recommended Murata L part It has a self resonance frequency of 1 GHz and a high impedance 500 at L b...

Page 78: ...used the important points covered below need to be taken into account Figure 40 ZED F9P VCC_RF antenna bias The bias t inductor and current limiting resistor must be selected to be reliable with a sho...

Page 79: ...en integrating GNSS receivers into wireless systems careful consideration must be given to electromagnetic and voltage susceptibility issues Wireless systems include components which can produce Elect...

Page 80: ...60950 1 In addition to external limited power source only Separated or Safety Extra Low Voltage SELV circuits are to be connected to the module including interfaces and antennas For more information...

Page 81: ...itself One reason is that the frequency band above 1 GHz is not well regulated with regards to EMI and even if permitted signal levels are much higher than GNSS signal power Notably all types of digit...

Page 82: ...receiver input and enable interference into the sensitive parts of the receiver chain including the antenna itself When de ning a GNSS receiver layout the placement of the antenna with respect to the...

Page 83: ...es stencil thickness and solder paste volumes must be adapted to the speci c production processes e g soldering etc of the customer Refer to the ZED F9P Data sheet 1 for the mechanical dimensions 4 7...

Page 84: ...B material with a dielectric permittivity of for example 4 7 the trace width for the 50 line impedance can be calculated A grounded co planar RF trace is recommended as it provides the maximum shieldi...

Page 85: ...lid ground layer ll on the top layer of the PCB is recommended This is shown in the gure below Figure 47 Top layer ll and vias 4 7 3 3 VCC pads The VCC pads for the ZED F9P high precision receiver mus...

Page 86: ...your power supply line the line to VCC to minimize the voltage ripple on VCC See the ZED F9P Power supply section in the Design chapter for more information on the power supply requirements Allow all...

Page 87: ...ng assembly of end user devices which contain passive patch antennas an ESD discharge may occur during production when pre charged antennas are soldered to the GNSS receiver board In such cases use of...

Page 88: ...application If you need hot or warm start in your application connect a back up battery to V_BCKP Antenna bias is required see ZED F9P antenna bias section 4 8 7 Layout design in guideline Is the rec...

Page 89: ...n non ESD protected work area implement proper ESD protection measures in the design When soldering RF connectors and patch antennas to the receiver s RF pin make sure to use an ESD safe soldering iro...

Page 90: ...ises above the liquidus temperature of 217 C Avoid a sudden rise in temperature as the slump of the paste could become worse Limit time above 217 C liquidus temperature 40 60 s Peak re ow temperature...

Page 91: ...laced on that side of the board which is submitted into the last re ow cycle The reason for this besides others is the risk of the module falling o due to the signi cantly higher weight in relation to...

Page 92: ...unity to interferences and noise u blox makes no warranty for damages to the module caused by soldering metal cables or any other forms of metal strips directly onto the EMI covers Use of ultrasonic p...

Page 93: ...speci ed in the u blox Package Information Guide See the u blox Package Information Guide 3 5 5 Moisture sensitivity levels The moisture sensitivity level MSL for ZED F9P is speci ed in the table belo...

Page 94: ...MSM Multiple Signal Messages NTRIP Networked transport of RTCM via internet protocol PCB Printed Circuit Board QZSS Quasi Zenith Satellite System RF Radio frequency RTCM Radio Technical Commission fo...

Page 95: ...red system being used by their application and mapping system If comparing the rover position with a reference system the same RTCM stream should be used to ensure that the reference and the rover out...

Page 96: ...in places Fortunately most digital maps now use the WGS84 ellipsoid which is distinct from the WGS84 coordinate system but de ned by the same body However for RTK position accuracies now in the centim...

Page 97: ...w Use the following procedure to con gure the module for base station operation Setting the required RTCM message output can be done in one session 1 Select Group CFG MSGOUT Key name CFG MSGOUT RTCM3X...

Page 98: ...illustration shows the use of RTCM MSM7 messages MSM4 messages are equally applicable as recommended in the receiver con guration section Set the receiver into base mode by enabling a survey in proce...

Page 99: ...n 1 m In multi path conditions the time to achieve a speci ed accuracy can take longer than expected You may need to relocate the base antenna or extend the required accuracy and or survey in time You...

Page 100: ...cating with a host Then a set of output messages are set to enable receiver status monitoring Using the UBX CFG VALSET con guration window in the u center Message View set the UART1 interface for the...

Page 101: ...g the current value See Figure 58 Figure 58 Example u center UBX CFG VALSET message view when selecting a con guration item 4 Next add the value for example 230400 into the Value window that appears b...

Page 102: ...er UBX CFG VALSET message view for setting the CFG UART1 BAUDRATE con guration item that controls the baudrate of UART1 Next some UBX example messages are con gured to enable viewing the rover status...

Page 103: ...SGOUT con guration items for enabling the output of some recommended UBX messages To ensure all the required RTCM messages including most importantly RTCM 1005 or 4072 0 are being received regularly e...

Page 104: ...e 62 Rover u center data view with RTK Fixed If using a virtual reference service the rover must output the NMEA GGA message to return to the NTRIP caster Without this the NTRIP caster will not provid...

Page 105: ...ariation owing to the size and shape of the ground plane coupled with the e ects of the adjacent structures A phase center variation calibration is required to check the average phase center A success...

Page 106: ...g An example of the measured frequency characteristics of a low cost L1 L2 antenna is shown below Figure 65 Low cost L1 L2 antenna band characteristics The u blox low cost antenna design is shown belo...

Page 107: ...are antenna types that can be used without a substantial ground plane such as a helical antenna type This is a useful solution where space is limited for example for drone or small form factor applica...

Page 108: ...54 3 u blox Package Information Guide doc no UBX 14001652 4 ZED F9P Moving Base application note doc no UBX 19009093 For regular updates to u blox documentation and to receive product change noti cati...

Page 109: ...on Added a design in restriction for ANT_DETECT pin in section Design R05 22 Aug 2019 ghun HPG 1 12 Early Production Information R06 15 Jan 2020 dama Tape feed and dimension pictures updated PCN UBX 1...

Page 110: ...E mail info_cn u blox com Support support_cn u blox com Regional O ce China Chongqing Phone 86 23 6815 1588 E mail info_cn u blox com Support support_cn u blox com Regional O ce China Shanghai Phone...

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