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Appendix E Glossary

RFI-9256 Radio Modem User Manual

Page 107 of 109

Appendix E Glossary

Table 43 contains the terms, acronyms, and abbreviations used in this document.

Term

Description

BER

Bit Error Rate

CRC

Cyclic Redundancy Check

DCE

Data Communications Equipment

DTE

Data Terminal Equipment

EIRP

Effective Isotropic Radiated Power

FDD

Frequency Division Duplex

FHSS

Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum

ISM

Industrial Scientific Military

PSTN

Public Switched Telephone Network

RSSI

Receive Signal Strength Indication

SCADA

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

TDD

Time Division Duplex

Table 43: Terms, acronyms, and abbreviations

Summary of Contents for rfi-9256

Page 1: ...RFI 9256 RADIO MODEM USER MANUAL www esis com au Ph 02 9481 7420 Fax 02 9481 7267 esis enq esis com au...

Page 2: ...nce that may cause undesired operation This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to...

Page 3: ...11 4 2 Cruise Control 11 4 3 Terminal Menu Interface 13 4 4 Hayes AT Command Interface 13 4 5 Front Panel Interface 16 5 Operation 20 5 1 Serial Port Operation 20 5 2 Radio Operation 23 5 3 Protocol O...

Page 4: ...O Example Schematics 63 A 7 Power Supply Notes 64 A 8 Version Numbering Scheme 64 A 9 Case Dimensions 66 A 10 OEM Dimensions 67 Appendix B Terminal Menu Reference 68 B 1 R Radio Configuration Menu 69...

Page 5: ...le is fitted will be required to display on the outside and in a clearly visible area the notice Contains FCC ID P5M9256OEM Under FCC regulations use of certain antennas may require a Class II permiss...

Page 6: ...ion protected from water excessive dust corrosive fumes extremes of temperature and direct sunlight 2 2 Connecting Antennas The RF antenna system should be installed in accordance with the manufacture...

Page 7: ...DC Power Supply DB 25 Power Data Cable PLC Laptop for Configuration and Diagnostics Figure 2 Power Data cable Both the Main and Auxiliary ports are wired as RS232 DCE The pin out for the data and cont...

Page 8: ...a a Windows Graphical User Interface Figure 3 Cruise Control interface Cruise Control communicates with an attached radio modem over a PC serial port The serial port configuration must match the radio...

Page 9: ...e Always have the power supply unplugged and powered off when inserting and removing connectors STI Engineering assumes no responsibility that results from failure to follow instructions or failure to...

Page 10: ...as possible will result in the best communication link Antennas in close proximity are potential sources of mutual interference It is possible that slight adjustments in antenna placement as little a...

Page 11: ...is menu interface can be accessed through a terminal emulation program such as RFI InTerm 3 AT command interface The AT command interface is used to configure and control to the RFI 9256 through ASCII...

Page 12: ...e their names in grey Changes made to serial port baud rate data bits parity stop bits flow control and protocol mode on the port that cruise control is open on do not take effect immediately They wil...

Page 13: ...gurable period of time then the terminal menu will disable itself By default the terminal menu is disabled after 15 minutes Only 1 terminal menu can be available at any one time This is done to preven...

Page 14: ...TER COMMANDS S registers and registers are used to store complex configuration parameters In order to set the value of an s register or register the following format is used ATS r n CR AT r n CR Where...

Page 15: ...e memory using the AT W command The entire configuration profile will be retained after the radio has been powered off The radio also has factory default settings stored internally allowing all commun...

Page 16: ...r to select another front panel mode continue to hold the button until the LED scrolls down to the appropriate LED before releasing The list of LED modes is shown in Table 2 LED Mode Function 1 Radio...

Page 17: ...Mode 5 LED Name Function 1 DTR The current state of the DTR input on the main port Red indicates 12V while green indicates 12V 2 DCD The current state of the DCD output on the main port Red indicates...

Page 18: ...here is a potential for interference from other radios A red flash of carrier detect does not mean user data has been discarded as the RFI 9256 will retry any packet that is lost or corrupted during t...

Page 19: ...the Power LED flashes red there is most likely something wrong with the serial configuration between the radio and the connected device The red LED can also indicate an internal fault in the radio th...

Page 20: ...ration is shown in Figure 6 4096 byte output buffer 4096 byte input buffer TX Line input from DTE RX Line output to DTE Input to RF internal processing Output from RF internal processing Figure 6 Buff...

Page 21: ...tion to hardware flow control the CTS and DCD lines can be configured to behave in one of the following ways ONLINE controls CTS DCD The line is active when the front panel online LED is green or red...

Page 22: ...tal number of framing errors that have occurred Framing errors usually occur due to mismatched serial port baud rates between the DTE and DCE Tx Bytes The total number of bytes that have been transmit...

Page 23: ...ming arrangement is shown in Figure 7 Frame 1 f1 Frame 2 f2 Frame 3 f3 Frame 4 f4 Frame 5 f5 Frame 6 f6 Frame Time 20ms Master Packet Slave Packet Figure 7 RFI 9256 time division duplex frequency divi...

Page 24: ...ve the RFI 9256 cannot be regarded as a direct wire replacement It will induce additional latency into the communications link as well as potentially causing changes in the timing between bytes inter...

Page 25: ...that become corrupted due to RF interference configurable between 0 and 255 retries The more retries that are required to get a packet through the greater the latency induced Each retry adds an addit...

Page 26: ...p over the channels searching for the master If after the network fail timer period expires the slave has failed to hear from its master and it reverts to the unlocked state For more information on co...

Page 27: ...ase both latency and throughput while a high frame time will increase both latency and throughput This is discussed in the section Latency Reduction on page 30 DIRECTIONAL BIAS A single frame on the R...

Page 28: ...the slave unit being faulty then it will transmit each frame the maximum number of retries This can dramatically slow down the throughput of a radio network The RFI 9256 also supports exponential back...

Page 29: ...twork of RFI 9256 radios will consist of one master and one or more slaves Multiple co located masters are supported in the RFI 9256 system through three mechanisms Hopping Pattern Each master unit ha...

Page 30: ...0 9999 These rules come about due to the way Hayes dial up works in a back to back repeater network See section 5 3 3 on page 34 for more information on Hayes dial up networking Back to back repeaters...

Page 31: ...is used to detect the end of each packet Only once the end of the packet has been detected will the RFI 9256 transmit any of the packet The frame time must be configured to allow a full packet in a si...

Page 32: ...er of bad packets received Lost packets The number of packets that have been lost Retries The number of retries or retransmissions this unit has used while transmitting Good headers The number of good...

Page 33: ...ve the same hopping pattern network address and security code The master and slave have different local addresses Both the master and slave have the point to point protocol selected on their main and...

Page 34: ...e main port on the remote unit 01 Auxiliary Port Establishes a connection between the current serial port and the auxiliary port on the remote unit 91 Virtual Hayes Establishes a connection between th...

Page 35: ...munications occurs between the DTE s connected to the ports on the two radios This is known as online state Once a radio enters online state it assumes all the data sent to it is to be sent on to the...

Page 36: ...uld be used ATD1043220001 CR In order to access the repeater slave s terminal menu dial up the menu system as if it were any other slave In order to access the repeater master s terminal menu dial up...

Page 37: ...it against a radio address Routing services are provided for a number of SCADA protocols specifically Modbus Honeywell DNP3 TDE PROTOCOL ROUTING The protocol decoder for the packet based SCADA protoc...

Page 38: ...RTU address to be assigned as the base address for the route and an end RTU address to define the range of addresses to be used by the route It also requires a radio address associated with the base...

Page 39: ...twork configurations to co exist in a single radio network Point to point configurations Point to multipoint broadcast configurations Hayes dial up configurations SCADA protocol configurations The mos...

Page 40: ...the LED is Off Once the dial up connection is established the LED is set On green If connection is severed the dialler source of the connection will flash the Online light red every time a packet is...

Page 41: ...erval that may also be configured The smaller the sample interval the faster changes will be propagated across the radio network However if a lot of changes occur to the digital I Os in rapid successi...

Page 42: ...ster and slave have the point to point protocol selected on their main serial port The point to point destination address on the slave is set to the master s local address while the point to point des...

Page 43: ...VE Network Address 54 Hopping Pattern 18 Rx Address 2000 PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION Main Port Point to point to 1000 SERIAL CONFIGURATION Main Port 115200 8N1 Hardware Flow RADIO CONFIGURATION Unit is a M...

Page 44: ...Applications RFI 9256 Radio Modem User Manual Page 44 of 109 1 and vice versa At the same time all data transmitted by DTE2 on the master will appear at DTE2 on slave 2 and vice versa...

Page 45: ...point to 20 SERIAL CONFIGURATION Main Port 115200 8N1 Hardware Flow Aux Port 115200 8N1 No Flow RFI 9256 Repeater Master2 RFI 9256 Slave2 Aux DTE2 RADIO CONFIGURATION Unit is a SLAVE Network Address...

Page 46: ...ADIO CONFIGURATION Unit is a SLAVE Network Address 16 Hopping Pattern 27 Rx Address 1001 PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION Main Port Broadcast Main Port ARQ 20 SERIAL CONFIGURATION Main Port 115200 8N1 Hardware...

Page 47: ...ddress 3000 PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION Main Port Broadcast Main Port ARQ 20 SERIAL CONFIGURATION Main Port 115200 8N1 Hardware Flow Main Null Modem Cable RADIO CONFIGURATION Unit is a MASTER Network Addre...

Page 48: ...FIGURATION Main Port 115200 8N1 Hardware Flow RADIO CONFIGURATION Unit is a SLAVE Network Address 19 Hopping Pattern 3 Local Address 3000 PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION Main Port Hayes Dial up SERIAL CONFIGUR...

Page 49: ...ave 3 RADIO CONFIGURATION Unit is a SLAVE Network Address 35 Hopping Pattern 6 Local Address 5000 PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION Main Port Hayes Dial up SERIAL CONFIGURATION Main Port 115200 8N1 Hardware Flow...

Page 50: ...y port of slave 1 As there is no back to back repeater involved in the connection the format does not need a preceding repeater address number ATD3092 CR Establishes a dial up connection from the mast...

Page 51: ...t Route 1000 00 SERIAL CONFIGURATION Aux Port 9600 8O1 No Flow RADIO CONFIGURATION Unit is a SLAVE Network Address 1 Hopping Pattern 25 Local Address 3001 PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION Main Port Modbus Defau...

Page 52: ...ress 2000 slave 1 The second route is a mapped route that links RTU addresses 55 and 56 to radio addresses 3001 00 to 3002 00 This means that traffic destined for an RTU with an address in the range 5...

Page 53: ...Address 4008 PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION Main Port Modbus Default Route 30 00 SERIAL CONFIGURATION Main Port 9600 8O1 No Flow Main Null Modem Cable RADIO CONFIGURATION Unit is a MASTER Network Address 12 H...

Page 54: ...r 1 routing table Master 2 must then correctly route all SCADA protocol packets to the slaves in its network This is done using the routing table in Table 15 Route Type RTU Address Radio Address Mappe...

Page 55: ...pping Pattern 13 Rx Address 2000 PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION Main Port Point to point to 1000 AUXILIARY I O CONFIGURATION Auxiliary I O Follows Remote ENABLED Direction Bit0 input Bit1 output Power up defa...

Page 56: ...n Bit0 input Bit1 output Power up default Bit0 N A Bit1 Low RADIO CONFIGURATION Unit is a MASTER Network Address 52 Hopping Pattern 23 Rx Address 20 PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION Main Port Point to point to...

Page 57: ...tern 30 Local Address 2000 PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION Main Port Hayes Dial up AUXILIARY I O CONFIGURATION Auxiliary I O Follows Remote ENABLED Direction Bit0 input Bit1 output Power up default Bit0 N A Bi...

Page 58: ...erface Asynchronous full duplex Receiver Sensitivity 104 dBm 10 4 raw BER 102 dBm 10 6 raw BER Modulation Type Gaussian Shaped FSK GFSK Spreading Code Frequency Hopping Hopping Patterns 32 user select...

Page 59: ...ions RFI 9256 Radio Modem User Manual Page 59 of 109 Point to multipoint Broadcast Hayes Dial up SCADA Protocol Router ModBus DNP3 TDE Honeywell Back to back Repeater Operating Environment 10 C to 60...

Page 60: ...17 I O Bit 2 Input Output CMOS 2 10 19 Synchronisation I O Input Output TTL 100K pull up internal voltage limiting 11 21 NC 12 23 NC 13 25 GND 14 2 12VDC 15 4 CTS Main Port Output RS 232 16 6 RTS Main...

Page 61: ...Appendix A Technical Specifications RFI 9256 Radio Modem User Manual Page 61 of 109 A 4 Power Data Cable Assembly Figure 27 9256 power data cable assembly...

Page 62: ...Appendix A Technical Specifications RFI 9256 Radio Modem User Manual Page 62 of 109 A 5 Back to back Repeater Cable Assembly Figure 28 RFI 9256 back to back repeater cable assembly...

Page 63: ...Appendix A Technical Specifications RFI 9256 Radio Modem User Manual Page 63 of 109 A 6 I O Example Schematics A 6 1 Circuit Schematics Figure 29 Circuit Schematics...

Page 64: ...rrent at 12VDC A 8 Version Numbering Scheme The RFI 9256 contains a firmware version string This version string provides some information regarding compatibility with other firmware versions and consi...

Page 65: ...ustralia Major Number Minor Number Revision Country Identifier Product Name Figure 30 Example firmware version number Firmware revisions with major version number 1 will be compatible with this hardwa...

Page 66: ...Appendix A Technical Specifications RFI 9256 Radio Modem User Manual Page 66 of 109 A 9 Case Dimensions Figure 31 Case physical dimensions...

Page 67: ...Appendix A Technical Specifications RFI 9256 Radio Modem User Manual Page 67 of 109 A 10 OEM Dimensions Figure 32 OEM physical dimensions...

Page 68: ...5 Manufactured Date 30 01 2002 R Radio Configuration Menu L Protocol Port Selection S Serial Port Configuration Menu M Radio and I O Configuration Menu P Radio Personality Menu D Diagnostics Menu Esc...

Page 69: ...unit as Slave In any communication link one unit must be set as a master and the rest as slaves Slaves can initiate communication but follow the synchronisation of the master A slave can only communic...

Page 70: ...tennas from more than one radio are placed within close proximity the units may be synchronised to prevent interference One radio must be configured to output a synchronisation signal while the other...

Page 71: ...gured independently allowing for modes like broadcast where a low retry count is desirable to co exist with point to point or Hayes dial up modes on the same radio This is done through the protocol li...

Page 72: ...e interference and all units on the same network must have the same hopping pattern It is advised that the default hopping pattern not be used in order to minimise the change of interference with othe...

Page 73: ...g frames is covered in the section Directional Bias on page 27 B 2 L Protocol Port Selection Menu Protocol Port Selection Main Port Protocol Type Hayes Dialup Aux Port Protocol Type Hayes Dialup M Mai...

Page 74: ...ultipoint broadcast operation See section 0 on page 33 for more information on point to multipoint broadcast network operation Hayes Dialup Configures the serial port for Hayes dial up operation See s...

Page 75: ...2 1 M Hayes Command Control Menu Hayes Command Control Menu Main Port Hang up on DTR Dropped Echo is ON Response is ON Auto answer is ON Escape character Escape guard time 1000ms Connect Timeout 9985...

Page 76: ...pped is used to disconnect whenever DTR changes from a high to a low Local on DTR low When DTR is low the radio goes into local command state This is equivalent to typing the escape sequence Once the...

Page 77: ...lete Route Deletes an existing route from the routing table Delete All Routes Deletes all routes in the routing table for the selected port List All Routes Lists all the configured routes for this RFI...

Page 78: ...e selected port See section B 1 1 on page 71 for more information Online Request Timer Sets the online request timer for the selected port See section B 1 1 on page 71 for more information B 3 S Seria...

Page 79: ...45 Main serial port configuration menu Baud Rate Menu Selects the serial port baud rate for this port Flow Control Menu Selects the flow control method used for this port The main port supports both h...

Page 80: ...the serial port When the packetising time has passed with no data received on the serial port all available data is transmitted over the air Rx Buffer Limit The Rx buffer limit allows control over how...

Page 81: ...Main Port A Aux Port Esc Previous Menu Enter Choice Figure 48 Hayes command control menu Main Port Select to change the Hayes Command settings on the Main Port This is the same menu as described in B...

Page 82: ...Security Code is Disabled Menu Timeout is 15 minutes U Set Unit Name P Set Menu Password R Remove Menu Password S Set Security Code D Delete Security Code M Set Menu Timeout Esc Previous Menu Enter Ch...

Page 83: ...the auxiliary I Os to be set as outputs and then each I O turned on then off in turn This is used to test the functionality of the I O port Show channel signal noise When this function is selected a...

Page 84: ...Event Log Menu Log Level General Information V View Log L Logging Level Menu C Clear Log Esc Previous Menu Enter Choice Figure 52 Event log menu View Log Used to view the debugging information suppli...

Page 85: ...ial Logging Esc Previous Menu Enter Choice Figure 53 Event log menu Show channel signal noise This function is exactly the same as in the diagnostics menu in section B 6 on page 83 Show Stats Logging...

Page 86: ...st be added eg 01 for unit with address 1 Hyphens spaces and colons can be used to make the command more readable however these will be ignored by the radio For example the command ATD30200001 is equi...

Page 87: ...isplays the radios average NOISE in dBm ATI13 Displays the current port identifier 0 for main 1 for aux or 2 for a virtual Hayes dial up port ATI14 Displays the radio link status Table 22 ATI informat...

Page 88: ...or a full list of response codes C 1 9 ATW Delayed Response The RFI 9256 can often establish connections much faster than a conventional public switched telephone network PSTN modem In order to be com...

Page 89: ...s up the current connection whenever DTR goes from high to low AT D3 The radio hangs up and returns to the local command mode whenever DTR is low The radio with this configuration must be DTR asserted...

Page 90: ...session C 1 14 AT K Flow Control The flow control mode for the current serial port is selected using the AT K command The selection options are shown in Table 30 Command Description AT K0 Flow control...

Page 91: ...2 contains the ASCII values of the character that forms the escape sequence The default value for this register is the character with an ASCII value of 43 The radio will recognise three characters as...

Page 92: ...0 99 seconds before and after entering the escape sequence C 2 5 ATS21 Set Security Code S register 21 sets the network security code for this radio The range of values is from 0 to 4294967295 All ra...

Page 93: ...e information about online requests see section 5 3 6 on page 39 ATS43 400 CR Sets the radio to check for online status every 400ms C 2 11 ATS44 Hopping Pattern Sequence S register 44 sets the hopping...

Page 94: ...air C 2 15 ATS50 Network Address S register 40 sets the network address of the radio All radios on a single network must have the same network in order to communicate Valid values are between 0 and 6...

Page 95: ...Honeywell protocol See section 5 3 4 on page 37 for information on SCADA protocol utilization ATS70 13 CR Sets the serial port to the DNP3 protocol See section 5 3 4 on page 37 for information on SCAD...

Page 96: ...s ATS84 100 CR This would cause the I Os to be sampled once every 100ms C 2 25 ATS90 Set DCD control S register 90 sets how the data carrier detect DCD output is controlled The options for controlling...

Page 97: ...he connected serial port The values for S register 100 are limited to 110 300 600 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 57600 115200 To set the baud rate for a specific port the command is appended with 0 f...

Page 98: ...03 sets the number of stop bits used by the connected serial port The stop bits can be set for a specific port by appending to the command 0 for the main port and 1 for the auxiliary port There are tw...

Page 99: ...provide any function on the RFI 9256 They are only supplied for compatibility with existing systems The list of commands supplied for compatibility only are given in the summary of commands in the ne...

Page 100: ...ume L2 Medium speaker volume L3 Highest speaker volume M0 Speaker off M1 Speaker on when connecting M2 Speaker on Q0 Responses ON Q1 Responses OFF V0 Numeric response codes V1 Verbal response codes X0...

Page 101: ...rol K4 Software XON XOFF flow control L0 Set radio to slave mode L1 Set radio to master mode M0 Set ports to point to point M1 Set ports to multipoint dial up M2 Set ports to back to back repeater S0...

Page 102: ...Appendix C Hayes AT Command Reference RFI 9256 Radio Modem User Manual Page 102 of 109 W1 Submit serial port configuration Table 36 General Commands...

Page 103: ...Number of retries S42 Network fail timeout S43 Online request timer S44 Hopping pattern sequence number S45 Maximum transmit power S47 Frame time in milliseconds S48 Frame bias S50 Network address S51...

Page 104: ...rence RFI 9256 Radio Modem User Manual Page 104 of 109 S103 Port stop bits S104 Port flow control Table 37 S register Commands Command Description Last on Line W W1 Compat 20 Unit name 22 Set menu pas...

Page 105: ...Online Request Timer 1000ms Backoff Retry Disabled Tx Power Level 20 dBm RSSI trigger level 110 dBm Frame Time 20ms Directional Bias Disabled Table 39 Radio configuration default settings Value Defau...

Page 106: ...Limit 3072 Table 41 Serial port default settings Value Default DCD Mode ONLINE controls DCD CTS Mode CTS disabled Auxiliary I O Sample Time 500ms Auxiliary I O follows Remote Disabled Auxiliary I O E...

Page 107: ...edundancy Check DCE Data Communications Equipment DTE Data Terminal Equipment EIRP Effective Isotropic Radiated Power FDD Frequency Division Duplex FHSS Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum ISM Industria...

Page 108: ...33 Carrier Detect 18 Circuit Schematics 63 Configuration 11 Front Panel Interface 16 Hayes AT Command Interface 13 Terminal Menu Interface 13 User Interfaces 11 Serial Port 20 Cruise Control 11 Connec...

Page 109: ...ble Assembly 61 Product Overview 5 Protocol Routing 37 Quick Start Guide 6 Radio Parameters 26 Radio Status LEDs 17 Receive Data 18 Retries 28 RF Communications Statistics 32 RSSI 17 RSSI and Noise 31...

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