32
Troubleshooting, Adjustment, & Service
BATTERY SERVICE
Checking Battery Voltage
A voltmeter can be used to determine condition of bat-
tery. When engine is off, the voltmeter shows battery
voltage, which should be 12 volts. When engine is run-
ning, the voltmeter shows voltage of charging circuit
which normally is 13 to 14 volts.
A dead battery or one too weak to start the engine may
not mean the battery needs to be replaced. For example,
it may mean that the alternator is not charging the bat-
tery properly. If there is any doubt about the cause of the
problem, see your dealer. If you need to replace the bat-
tery, follow the steps under Cleaning the Battery &
Cables in the Regular Maintenance Section.
Charging a Completely Discharged Battery
1. Be aware of all the safety precautions you should
observe during the charging operation. If you are
unfamiliar with the use of a battery charger and
hydrometer, have the battery serviced by your dealer.
2. Add water sufficient to cover the plate (fill to the prop-
er level near the end of the charge). If the battery is
extremely cold, allow it to warm before adding water
because the water level will rise as it warms. Also, an
extremely cold battery will not accept a normal
charge until it becomes warm.
3. Always unplug or turn the charger off before attach-
ing or removing the clamp connections.
4. Carefully attach the clamps to the battery in proper
polarity (usually red to [+] positive and black to [-]
negative).
5. While charging, periodically measure the temperature
of the electrolyte. If the temperature exceeds 125° F
(51.6° C), or if violent gassing or spewing of elec-
trolyte occurs, the charging rate must be reduced or
temporarily halted to prevent battery damage.
WARNING
Keep open flames and sparks away from the
battery; the gasses coming from it are highly
explosive. Ventilate the battery well during
charging.
WARNING
Do not attempt to charge a frozen battery. Allow
the battery to warm to 60° F (15.5° C) before
placing on charger.
6. Charge the battery until fully charged (i.e. until the
specific gravity of the electrolyte is 1.250 or higher
and the electrolyte temperature is at least 60° F). The
best method of making certain a battery is fully
charged, but not over charged, is to measure the
specific gravity of a cell once per hour. The battery is
fully charged when the cells are gassing freely at low
charging rate and less than 0.003 change in specific
gravity occurs over a three hour period.
Jump Starting With an
Auxiliary (Booster) Battery
Jump starting is not recommended. However, if it must
be done, follow these directions. Both booster and dis-
charged batteries should be treated carefully when using
jumper cables. Follow the steps below EXACTLY, being
careful not to cause sparks. Refer to Figure 48.
1. Both batteries must be of the same voltage.
2. Position the vehicle with the booster battery adjacent
to the vehicle with the discharged battery so that
booster cables can be connected easily to the batter-
ies in both vehicles. Make certain vehicles do not
touch each other.
3. Wear safety glasses and shield eyes and face from
batteries at all times. Be sure vent caps are tight.
Place damp cloth over vent caps on both batteries.
4. Connect positive (+) cable to positive post of dis-
charged battery (wired to starter or solenoid).
5. Connect the other end of same cable to same post
marked positive (+) on booster battery.
6. Connect the second cable negative (-) to other post
of booster battery.
7. Make final connection on engine block of stalled vehi-
cle away from battery. Do not lean over batteries.
8. Start the engine of the vehicle with the booster bat-
tery. Wait a few minutes, then attempt to start the
engine of the vehicle with the discharged battery.
9. If the vehicle does not start after cranking for thirty
seconds, STOP PROCEDURE. More than thirty sec-
onds seldom starts the engine unless some mechani-
cal adjustment is made.
10. After starting, allow the engine to return to idle speed.
Remove the cable connection at the engine or frame.
Then remove the other end of the same cable from
the booster battery.
11. Remove the other cable by disconnecting at the dis-
charged battery first and then disconnect the oppo-
site end from the booster battery.
12. Discard the damp cloths that were placed over the
battery vent caps.
