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11. References
Cache Memory
High-speed memory with a copy of the most recently used memory data. When the CPU's request
for instructions or data can be satisfied from the cache, the CPU can run at full rated speed. Using
a part of the hard disk space as cache memory due to small main memory capacity is called disk
cache.
Co-Processor
A specialized processor that performs calculations very quickly under the control of the CPU. There
are two types of co-processors, a numerical co-processor and a memory manager co-processor.
Numerical co-processor does arithmetic calculations or handles graphic processing. In a PC, co-
processor is used to do floating point calculations quickly.
COM Port
Abbreviation of ‘Communications Port’. A COM port refers to the serial communication port provided
by an IBM compatible PC. There are four COM ports supported: COM1, COM2, COM3, and COM4.
These are used to connect a mouse or modem. Since COM 1 and COM 3 perform the same
function and COM 2 and COM 4 perform the same function, avoid setting a mouse or modem to the
same port.
Bay
A space within a PC case so that peripheral devices can be installed. In general, a hard disk drive,
a floppy disk drive and a CD-ROM drive are installed in the bays. 5.25 and 3.5 inch bays are
provided.
CMOS
Abbreviation for ‘Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor’. It consumes little power and operates
on battery power. The CMOS saves basic PC information such as the date, time and system
information. A main board has a ROM and a CMOS. The ROM contains a PC checking program and
the CMOS contains basic PC information such as the hard disk type. Since the data in the CMOS is
maintained by battery power, the data is lost if the battery is completely discharged.
Bus
A collection of wires through which data is transmitted from one part of the computer to another. You
can think of a bus as a highway on which data travels between parts such as the CPU, storage
devices and peripheral devices within a computer. All PC components use data bus to exchange data
or access memory.
There are two types of data bus: address and data bus. Although actual data is transferred through
the data bus, the destination of the data is sent via the address bus. The size of the bus refers to
the width of the bus which determines the amount of data that can be transferred at the same time.
A ‘Bit Bus’ can transfer a bit at a time.
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