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SECTION 7  |   

General Information on Lead Acid 

Batteries

19

Reserve capacity is the time in minutes for which the battery can deliver 25 Amperes
at 80ºF (26.7ºC) till the voltage drops to 1.75V / Cell i.e. 10.7V for 12V battery, 21.4V
for 24V battery and 42V for 48V battery.

Approximate relationship between the two units is:
capacity “c” in Ah = Reserve capacity in Rc minutes x 0.6

7.5 TYPICAL BATTERY SIZES

The Table 7.1 below shows details of some popular battery sizes:

TABLE 7.1  POPULAR BATTERY SIZES

BCI* Group

Battery Voltage, V

Battery Capacity, Ah

27 / 31

12

105

4D

12

160

8D

12

225

GC2**

6

220

* Battery Council International; ** Golf Cart

7.6 SPECIFYING CHARGING / DISCHARGING CURRENTS: C-RATE

Electrical energy is stored in a cell / battery in the form of DC power. The value of the 
stored energy is related to the amount of the active materials pasted on the battery 
plates, the surface area of the plates and the amount of electrolyte covering the 
plates. As explained above, the amount of stored electrical energy is also called the 
Capacity of the battery and is designated by the symbol “C”.

The time in hours over which the battery is discharged to the “End Point Voltage” 
for purposes of specifying Ah capacity depends upon the type of application. Let us 
denote this discharge time in hours by “T”. Let us denote the discharge current of 
the battery as the “C-rate”. If the battery delivers a very high discharge current, the 
battery will be discharged to the “End Point Voltage” in a shorter period of time. on 
the other hand, if the battery delivers a lower discharge current, the battery will be 
discharged to the “End Point Voltage” after a longer period of time. Mathematically:

EQUATION 1: Discharge current “C-Rate” = Capacity “C” in Ah ÷ Discharge time “T”

Summary of Contents for PSI 1000-12/24

Page 1: ...SINEWAVE INVERTER Pure Sinewave Inverter Model No PSI 1000 12 24 PSI 1500 12 24 PSI 2000 12 24 PSI 3000 12 24 Manual Please read this manual before operating your inverter...

Page 2: ...ect Embedded Switch Mode Power Supplies SMPS 14 SECTION 5 Principle of Operation 16 SECTION 6 Layout 17 SECTION 7 General Information on Lead Acid Batteries 18 SECTION 8 Installation 30 SECTION 9 Oper...

Page 3: ...prevent personal injury or damage to the unit 1 2 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS GENERAL Installation and wiring compliance Installation and wiring must comply with the Local and National Electrical Codes and m...

Page 4: ...f dropping a metal tool on the battery It could spark or short circuit the battery or other electrical parts and could cause an explosion Remove metal items like rings bracelets and watches when worki...

Page 5: ...rsion of the unit to 24V battery system or the 24V version to the 48V Battery System Preventing Reverse Polarity on the Input Side When making battery connections on the input side make sure that the...

Page 6: ...output Power Input Phase Angle It is denoted by and specifies the angle in degrees by which the current vector leads or lags the voltage vector in a sinusoidal voltage In a purely inductive load the c...

Page 7: ...ce to these elements in the half cycle of the sinusoidal voltage Positive value and the same value is returned back to the AC source in the half cycle of the sinusoidal voltage Negative value Hence wh...

Page 8: ...w millisecs that can reach up to 10 times the Maximum Continuous Rating of the Transformer Devices like Infrared Quartz Halogen Heaters also used in Laser Printers Quartz Halogen Lights incandescent L...

Page 9: ...inverter The inverter can be sized based on the Active Power rating Watts of resistive type of loads without creating overload except for resistive type of loads with Tungsten based heating element li...

Page 10: ...oltage speed control or instantaneous zero voltage crossing for timing control will not work properly from a voltage that has a Modified Sine Waveform Also as the Modified Sine Wave is a form of Squar...

Page 11: ...time correctly Output voltage control devices like dimmers ceiling fan motor speed control may not work properly dimming speed control may not function Sewing machines with speed microprocessor contr...

Page 12: ...p An Inverter Sizing Factor has been recommended against each which is a Multiplication Factor to be applied to the Maximum Continuous Running Power Rating Active Power Rating in Watts of the AC appli...

Page 13: ...d and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications 3 2 REDUCING EMI THROUGH PROPER INSTALLATION The effects of EMI will also depend upon a numb...

Page 14: ...inusoidal but non linear as shown in Fig 4 2 The steady state input current of SMPS is a train of non linear pulses instead of a sinusoidal wave These pulses are two to four milliseconds duration each...

Page 15: ...Peak inrush current Rated steady state input RMS current Fig 4 1 Inrusch current in an SMPS TIME Peak Current RMS Current Input Sine Wave Voltage Crest Factor Peak Current 3 Voltage Voltage Current Cu...

Page 16: ...ive direction and slowly increases in the Negative direction to a peak Negative value Vpeak 325V and then slowly drops back to 0V There are 50 such cycles in 1 sec Cycles per second is called the freq...

Page 17: ...4 PSI 1500 12 PSI 1500 24 PSI 2000 12 PSI 2000 24 PSI 3000 12 PSI 3000 12 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 4 5 1 Ventilation Openings 2 Dual AC Output Outlets 3 ON OFF Switch 4 LED Indicators 5 Remote Control 1 DC Input...

Page 18: ...the battery to provide a constant specified value of discharge current also called C Rate See Section 7 6 over a specified time in hours before the battery reaches a specified discharged terminal vol...

Page 19: ...the stored energy is related to the amount of the active materials pasted on the battery plates the surface area of the plates and the amount of electrolyte covering the plates As explained above the...

Page 20: ...ES Fig 7 1 shows the charging and discharging characteristics of a typical 12V 24V Lead Acid battery at electrolyte temperature of 80 F 26 7 C The curves show the State of Charge X axis versus termina...

Page 21: ...ut for a 12V inverter and 100W output for a 24V inverter However if it is discharged at a rate of 50 Amperes 500W output for a 12V inverter and 1000W output for a 24V inverter then theoretically it sh...

Page 22: ...Most inverter hardware estimate the State of Discharge of the loaded battery by measuring the voltage at the inverter s DC input terminals considering that the DC input cables are thick enough to all...

Page 23: ...hat the terminal voltage relative to a particular of State Discharge decreases with the rise in the value of the discharge current For example terminal voltages for a State of Discharge of 80 State of...

Page 24: ...e X Axis of the curves shows the of State of Charge The of State of Discharge will be 100 State of Charge 85 State of Discharge 15 State of Charge at very high C Rate discharge current of C 3 Amps 100...

Page 25: ...A For up to 1000W 12V inverter or 2000W 24 inverter BGW200 200A For up to 2000W 12V inverter or 4000W 24 inverter BGW400 400A For up to 4000W 12V inverter or 8000W 24 inverter 7 14 DEPTH OF DISCHARGE...

Page 26: ...y of 200 Ah The Positive terminal of Battery 4 becomes the Positive terminal of the 24V bank The Negative terminal of battery 4 is connected to the Positive terminal of battery 3 The Negative terminal...

Page 27: ...battery bank Two 6V 200 Ah batteries Batteries 1 and 2 are connected in series to form a 12V 200 Ah battery String 1 Similarly two 6V 200 Ah batteries batteries 3 and 4 are connected in series to form...

Page 28: ...to the load in Watts W divided by 10 for an inverter running from a 24V battery system the approximate DC current required from the 24V batteries is the AC power delivered by the inverter to the load...

Page 29: ...y the load in Ah 7 17 CHARGING BATTERIES Batteries can be charged by using good quality AC powered battery charger or from alternative energy sources like solar panels wind or hydro systems Make sure...

Page 30: ...be free of dust and fumes Ensure that there are no insects or rodents They may enter the unit and block the ventilation openings or short circuit electrical circuits inside the unit Protection Agains...

Page 31: ...stible material and cause a fire hazard The size of openings has been limited as per the safety requirements to prevent the above possibilities when the unit is mounted in the recommended orientations...

Page 32: ...Fig 8 2 Overall dimensions Mounting Holes Remote Control A B C PSI 1000 12 24 146 178 284 PSI 1500 12 24 198 230 336 PSI 2000 12 24 198 230 336 PSI 3000 12 24 308 340 446 222 222 206 222 89 89 C B A 2...

Page 33: ...e When the battery is fully charged all the source energy will flow into the diversion load if there are no other loads The charge controller will disconnect the diversion load if the current rating o...

Page 34: ...designated by mn Table 8 1 below gives Resistance in Ohm per 30 cm at 25 C 77 F for the wire sizing recommended for use with this inverter TABLE 8 1 WIRING RESISTANCE PER FOOT WIRE SIZE Mmq RESISTANC...

Page 35: ...a short circuit along the length of the cables that connects the battery to the inverter thousands of Amperes of current can flow from the battery to the point of shorting and that section of the cabl...

Page 36: ...DC input terminals for battery connection are M8 threaded rods with nuts Use the correct cable size Table 8 2 and cable lugs 8 4 7 Reducing RF Interference Please comply with recommendations given in...

Page 37: ...2 24 8 7 10 8 13 1 5 2 5 PSI 3000 12 24 13 16 3 16 2 5 8 6 GROUNDING TO EARTH OR TO OTHER DESIGNATED GROUND For safety ground the metal chassis of the inverter to the Earth Ground or to the other desi...

Page 38: ...is position 5 the Remote Control Port The other end will plug into the back of the remote shown by the arrow below Power switch The Inverter can be switched on by pushing the power ON OF switch The G...

Page 39: ...four green LED s represent the battery voltage LED 1 10V LED 2 11 5V LED 3 12V LED 4 12 5V Out and input fault indication OUTPUT FAULT Red LED overload short circuit shut down INPUT FAULT Yellow LED...

Page 40: ...of the inverter is operating normally Under normal operating conditions AC output voltage will now be available at AC Socket s Switch on the AC load s The Green LED marked POWER indicates normal opera...

Page 41: ...load is not required to be operated turn OFF the inverter to prevent unnecessary current drain from the battery 9 6 LED INDICATOR Green POWER ON Yellow Protections low voltage shutdown high voltage sh...

Page 42: ...wn by the inverter The inverter will automatically shut down under short circuit condition within a verry short period of around 0 1 sec The red LED will turn on and the green LED will stay on The uni...

Page 43: ...T DOWN In case of failure of the cooling fan or in the case of inadequate heat removal due to higher ambient temperatures insufficient air exchange the temperature inside the unit will increase The te...

Page 44: ...er will be dead INFO Reverse polarity connection is likely to damage the DC input circuitry The internal fuse s should be replaced with the same size of fuse s used in the unit If the unit does not wo...

Page 45: ...ing suddenly Use thicker wires between the battery and the inverter and check all DC input circuit connections Reduce load The battery has developed sulphation due to under charging In this condition...

Page 46: ...rload short circuit shutdown Yes Manual reset Over temperature shutdown Yes Auto reset Cooling Load and temperature controlled variable speed fan Internal fuses 4x 40A in parallel 8 x 30A in parallel...

Page 47: ...rload short circuit shutdown Yes Manual reset Over temperature shutdown Yes Auto reset Cooling Load and temperature controlled variable speed fan Internal fuses 2x 40A in parallel 4 x 30A in parallel...

Page 48: ...nverter has suffered any physical damage or alteration either internally or externally and does not cover damage arising from improper use1 attempting to operate the inverter with excessive power cons...

Page 49: ...densation Declaration of Conformity Responsible Party Name Samlex Europe B V Address Aris van Broekweg 15 1507 BA ZAANDAM The Netherlands Phone No 31 75 6704321 Fax No 31 75 6175299 Declares under our...

Page 50: ...o 31 75 6175299 Declares under our sole responsibility that the product Product Name DC AC SINEWAVE INVERTER Model No to which this declaration relates is in conformity with the electromagnetic compab...

Page 51: ...ply this unit without causing the vehicle fusing to open This can be determined by making sure that the fuse in the ve hicle which protects the outlet is rated higher than 360 Amperes for PST 300 12 1...

Page 52: ...www samlex com www samlex solar com...

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