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Creating an Installation Tree

4-2

Oracle VM Server User's Guide

* Oracle Enterprise Linux paravirtualized drivers are available on the Oracle VM 
Server CD for Release 3 Update 9, and Release 4 Update 4 onwards. The drivers are 
also available on the Oracle Enterprise Linux Network (ULN).

The following guest operating systems have been tested and no issues have been 
found other than as stated in the Oracle VM documentation.

4.2 Creating an Installation Tree

You cannot create a paravirtualized guest virtual machine from a local hard disk or 
CD-ROM using either the virt-install command-line tool, or Oracle VM Manager. You 
can, however, create an installation tree, and mount it as an NFS share. or make it 
available via HTTP or FTP. For example, to create mount an ISO file and make it 
available via NFS:

# mkdir -p /el/EL5-x86

Table 4–1

64-bit CPU Supported Guest Operating Systems

Guest Operating Systems

Paravirtualized 
32-bit

Paravirtualized 
64-bit

Hardware 
Virtualized 
32-bit

Hardware 
Virtualized 
64-bit

RedHat Enterprise Linux 
3.x

Yes*

No

Yes

Yes

Oracle Enterprise Linux 
Release 4.x

RedHat Enterprise Linux 
4.x

Yes*

Yes*

Yes

Yes

Oracle Enterprise Linux 
Release 5.x

RedHat Enterprise Linux 
5.x

Yes*

Yes*

Yes

Yes

Table 4–2

32-bit CPU Supported Guest Operating Systems

Guest Operating Systems

Paravirtualized 32-bit

Hardware Virtualized 32-bit

RedHat Enterprise Linux 3.x

Yes*

Yes

Oracle Enterprise Linux Release 4.x

RedHat Enterprise Linux 4.x

Yes

Yes

Oracle Enterprise Linux Release 5.x

RedHat Enterprise Linux 5.x

Yes

Yes

Table 4–3

Tested Guest Operating Systems

Guest Operating Systems

Hardware Virtualized 32-bit

Hardware Virtualized 64-bit

Microsoft Windows™ 2000

Yes

Yes

Microsoft Windows™ 2003

Yes

Yes

Microsoft Windows™ XP Pro

Yes

Yes

Microsoft Windows™ Vista

Yes

Yes

Microsoft Windows™ 2008 
Service Pack 1

Yes

Yes

Summary of Contents for VM

Page 1: ...Oracle VM Server User s Guide Release 2 1 E10898 04 June 2009 ...

Page 2: ...supplemental regulations As such the use duplication disclosure modification and adaptation shall be subject to the restrictions and license terms set forth in the applicable Government contract and to the extent applicable by the terms of the Government contract the additional rights set forth in FAR 52 227 19 Commercial Computer Software License December 2007 Oracle USA Inc 500 Oracle Parkway Re...

Page 3: ...ze 1 1 1 3 Xen Technology 1 2 1 4 Oracle VM 1 2 2 Oracle VM Server 2 1 Oracle VM Server 2 1 2 2 Hypervisor 2 2 2 3 Domains Guests and Virtual Machines 2 2 2 4 Management Domain 2 3 2 5 Domains 2 3 2 6 Paravirtualization Hardware Virtualization and Binary Translation 2 3 2 7 Creating Virtual Machines 2 3 2 8 Managing Domains 2 3 2 9 Configuring Oracle VM Server 2 4 2 10 Managing Oracle VM Server Re...

Page 4: ...d Administration 5 1 Domain Lifecycle 5 1 5 2 Using the xm Command Line Interface 5 1 5 2 1 Monitoring Domains 5 2 5 2 2 Viewing Host Information 5 2 6 Domain Live Migration 6 1 Creating a Shared Virtual Disk for Live Migration 6 1 6 1 1 Creating a Shared Virtual Disk Using OCFS2 on iSCSI 6 1 6 1 2 Creating a Shared Virtual Disk Using OCFS2 on SAN 6 3 6 1 3 Adding a Shared Virtual Disk Using NFS 6...

Page 5: ... e1000 Network Device Emulators C 1 C 2 Quality of Service QoS C 1 C 2 1 Setting Disk Priority C 2 C 2 2 Setting Inbound Network Traffic Priority C 2 C 2 3 Setting Outbound Network Traffic Priority C 3 C 3 Configuration File Example 1 C 3 C 4 Configuration File Example 2 C 4 D Oracle VM Agent Architecture D 1 Oracle VM Agent Architecture D 1 D 2 Oracle VM Agent Deployment D 2 E Troubleshooting E 1...

Page 6: ...0 Hardware Virtualized Guest Devices Not Working as Expected E 6 E 11 Hardware Virtualized Guest Windows Installation E 6 E 12 CD ROM Image Not Found E 7 E 13 Firewall Blocks NFS Access E 7 E 14 Migrating Domains E 7 E 15 Attaching to a Console with the Grub Boot Loader E 7 Glossary Index ...

Page 7: ...led community Accessibility standards will continue to evolve over time and Oracle is actively engaged with other market leading technology vendors to address technical obstacles so that our documentation can be accessible to all of our customers For more information visit the Oracle Accessibility Program Web site at http www oracle com accessibility Accessibility of Code Examples in Documentation...

Page 8: ...M Quick Start Guide Oracle VM Server Release Notes Oracle VM Server Installation Guide Oracle VM Manager Release Notes Oracle VM Manager Installation Guide Oracle VM Manager User s Guide Oracle VM Managing Oracle Enterprise Linux with Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Grid Control Guide for Linux Oracle VM Manager Web Services API Reference Convention Description backslash A backslash is the UNIX comm...

Page 9: ... Convention Meaning boldface Boldface type indicates graphical user interface elements associated with an action or terms defined in text or the glossary italic Italic type indicates book titles emphasis or placeholder variables for which you supply particular values monospace Monospace type indicates commands within a paragraph URLs code in examples text that appears on the screen or text that yo...

Page 10: ...x ...

Page 11: ...ty of server pools and guests See Chapter 9 High Availability and the Oracle VM Manager User s Guide Converting a Linux host to a guest image and converting a VMware image to an Oracle VM image See Chapter 8 Converting Hosts and VMware Virtual Machines Quality of Service configuration options for guest virtual network interfaces and virtual disks See Quality of Service QoS in Appendix C Guest Conf...

Page 12: ...ng of an entire host including all running guests See the documentation installed with Oracle VM Server in the usr share doc xen README kdb file for more information Guest debugger Includes an optional guest debugger which allows individual guests to be debugged using the standard gdb network protocol Supports both paravirtualized and hardware virtualized guests See the documentation installed wit...

Page 13: ...r and interconnection complexity all contribute significantly to the cost and feasibility of continued expansion Commodity hardware manufacturers have begun to address some of these concerns by shifting their design goals Rather than focus solely on raw gigahertz performance manufacturers have enhanced the feature sets of CPUs and chip sets to include lower wattage CPUs multiple cores per CPU die ...

Page 14: ...he real hardware including full replacement 1 3 Xen Technology The Xen hypervisor is a small lightweight software virtual machine monitor for x86 compatible computers The Xen hypervisor securely executes multiple virtual machines on one physical system Each virtual machine has its own guest operating system with almost native performance The Xen hypervisor was originally created by researchers at ...

Page 15: ...or technology and includes Oracle VM Agent Oracle VM Agent Installed with Oracle VM Server Oracle VM Manager communicates with Oracle VM Agent to manage the Oracle VM Servers and virtual machines running on it Figure 1 1 Oracle VM Architecture shows the components of Oracle VM Figure 1 1 Oracle VM Architecture This book discusses Oracle VM Server and the Oracle VM Agent See the Oracle VM Manager I...

Page 16: ...Oracle VM 1 4 Oracle VM Server User s Guide ...

Page 17: ...Hardware Virtualization and Binary Translation Creating Virtual Machines Managing Domains 2 1 Oracle VM Server Oracle VM Server includes an updated version of the underlying Xen hypervisor technology and the Oracle VM Agent It also includes a Linux kernel with support for a broad array of devices file systems and software RAID volume management The Linux kernel is run as dom0 to manage one or more...

Page 18: ... running within a domain A guest operating system may be paravirtualized or hardware virtualized Multiple guests can run on the same Oracle VM Server A virtual machine is a guest operating system and its associated application software Oracle VM Server guest operating systems may run in one of two modes paravirtualized or hardware virtualized In paravirtualized mode the kernel of the guest operati...

Page 19: ...either faster nor slower than hardware virtualization Whether binary translation or hardware virtualization is more efficient than paravirtualization depends on the implementation of the binary translation and hardware virtualization and the applications and operating system running as a guest on the system Binary translation and hardware virtualization is required if you are using an operating sy...

Page 20: ...onfig sxp file When you make changes to this file you must restart Oracle VM Server for the changes to take effect See Appendix B Oracle VM Server Configuration File for more information on the configuration options 2 10 Managing Oracle VM Server Repositories You can create new Oracle VM Server repositories for storage of ISOs guest and live migration See Chapter 7 Managing Oracle VM Server Reposi...

Page 21: ... Architecture for more detailed information 3 1 Oracle VM Agent Command Line Tool The ovs agent command line tool enables you to configure and control Oracle VM Agent The following sections discuss using the ovs agent command line tool See ovs agent in Appendix A Command Line Tools for more details on the ovs agent command line tool options 3 2 Configuring Oracle VM Agent Oracle VM Agent is config...

Page 22: ... addresses or enter to deny all IP addresses access to the computer Alternatively enter a list of IP addresses for which you want to deny access to the computer while allowing all others The default is to deny no computers access to the computer Press Enter 4 You are prompted whether you want to change the Oracle VM Agent password now deny would you like to modify password to communicate with agen...

Page 23: ...or Power Off the guest s using Oracle VM Manager When the guests have been migrated or Powered Off the Oracle VM Agent shuts down Shut down the guest s and shut down Oracle VM Agent Cancel the shutdown operation 3 5 Monitoring Oracle VM Agent To get information on the Oracle VM Agent daemon enter service ovs agent status Information on the Oracle VM Agent daemon is displayed Note When Oracle VM Ag...

Page 24: ...Monitoring Oracle VM Agent 3 4 Oracle VM Server User s Guide ...

Page 25: ...ended method for creating guests See the Oracle VM Manager User s Guide for information on creating guests with Oracle VM Manager Oracle recommends you create paravirtualized guests if possible as the performance of a paravirtualized guest is superior to that of a hardware virtualized guest Before you create a guest virtual machine you should have access to an installation tree or a template You m...

Page 26: ...p el EL5 x86 Table 4 1 64 bit CPU Supported Guest Operating Systems Guest Operating Systems Paravirtualized 32 bit Paravirtualized 64 bit Hardware Virtualized 32 bit Hardware Virtualized 64 bit RedHat Enterprise Linux 3 x Yes No Yes Yes Oracle Enterprise Linux Release 4 x RedHat Enterprise Linux 4 x Yes Yes Yes Yes Oracle Enterprise Linux Release 5 x RedHat Enterprise Linux 5 x Yes Yes Yes Yes Tab...

Page 27: ... often hosted on an FTP or HTTP server The following example shows you how to download an Oracle Enterprise Linux template from an HTTP server and use it to create a guest To create a guest virtual machine from a template 1 Log in to the Oracle VM Server as the root user 2 Download the Oracle VM template zip file to an Oracle VM Server and place it in the OVS seed_pool directory 3 Use the unzip to...

Page 28: ... port number 5901 in this example when connecting to the guest virtual machine using VNC Viewer b Connect to the guest virtual machine using any VNC Viewer from another computer For example on Oracle Enterprise Linux use the command vncviewer hostname vnc_port Where hostname is the IP address or host name of the Oracle VM Server and vnc_port is the port number found out in Step a c Complete any gu...

Page 29: ...d to the guest RAM is allocated solely to the guest and not taken from dom0 To check the amount of RAM available on your computer run the xm info command and review the free_memory column Free memory is displayed in Megabytes This is the total amount of RAM that can be allocated to guests Enter the amount of RAM to be allocated for the guest in Megabytes for example enter 1024 Press Enter 5 The fo...

Page 30: ... NFS FTP and HTTP locations are supported For example nfs example com path to tree http example com path to tree ftp example com path to tree Enter the path to an installation tree for example http example com EL5 x86 Press Enter If you are creating a hardware virtualized guest the following question is displayed What would you like to use for the virtual CD image This is the path to an ISO file o...

Page 31: ...on may be a Physical partition Logical Volume Manager backed Virtual Block Device File backed Virtual Block Device Select one of the following options to create the root file system a Using a physical disk partition Create a disk partition for the guest root Make a file system on the partition b Using a Logical Volume Manager backed Virtual Block Device A particularly appealing solution is to use ...

Page 32: ...the guest may be populated in a number of ways Copying the root file system of dom0 Installing an operating system 1 To copy the root file system of dom0 mount the guest root partition to mnt mount t File system type Guest Root Partition mnt Copy the root file system from dom0 to domU rsync avH boot mnt rsync avH root mnt rsync avH dev mnt rsync avH var mnt rsync avH etc mnt rsync avH usr mnt rsyn...

Page 33: ...ake sure the name you use is unique and not being used by another machine NETWORKING yes HOSTNAME mycomputer example com GATEWAY 139 185 48 1 3 Edit the mnt etc hosts file to include the IP address and hostname Make sure the IP address you use is unique and not being used by another computer 127 0 0 1 localhost localdomain localhost 139 185 48 212 mycomputer example com hostname 4 Edit the mnt etc...

Page 34: ...guration Config File for Full virtualization import os re arch os uname 4 if re search 64 arch arch_libdir lib64 else arch_libdir lib Kernel for hvm domain will be hvmloader kernel usr lib xen boot hvmloader builder hvm Memory in MB for HVM guest domU memory 3000 Name of domain name hvm dom No of virtual cpus vcpus 4 Mac address and corresponding bridge vif mac 00 50 56 1e 34 b5 bridge xenbr0 Disk...

Page 35: ...t mnt etc sysconfig network scripts ifcfg eth0 Use the same MAC address as you use for the vif If more than one MAC address is exported to the guest operating system you must configure more network interfaces for example eth1 eth2 The NETMASK and BROADCAST address must match the corresponding network interface in dom0 HWADDR is same as the MAC address in vif IPADDR is as in the mnt etc hosts file ...

Page 36: ...Group00 3 Run the virt install command line tool to create a hardware virtualized machine domU and install the Oracle Enterprise Linux operating system virt install n el4u5 f dev VolGroup00 el4u5 v c root Enterprise R4 U5 x86_64 dvd iso r 512 vnc If you see this error message main unable to connect to host Connection refused 111 You must run VNCViewer to reconnect to the guest console vncviewer 0 ...

Page 37: ...r kernel version ELxenU continuing anyway 9 Edit the boot grub grub conf file in the guest and change the default to point to this entry title Enterprise Linux Enterprise Linux AS version ELxenU root hd0 0 kernel boot vmlinuz version ELxenU ro root LABEL initrd boot initrd version ELxenU img 10 Shut down the guest Modify the host configuration file etc xen el4u5 to an entry similar to name el4u5 m...

Page 38: ...nux 3 8 or 3 9 You must first create a hardware virtualized guest then convert it to a paravirtualized guest 1 Create a hardware virtualized guest using Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 8 or 3 9 as shown in Section 4 4 Creating a Guest Using virt install 2 Switch the guest operating system network update server to the Oracle update server ULN by following the instructions at https linux oracle com switc...

Page 39: ...d network configuration 8 In the newly booted guest operating system run the following command to find the new MAC address for eth0 ifconfig eth0 9 Edit the etc xen vm cfg file to add the new MAC address vif mac xx xx xx xx xx xx bridge xenbr0 for HVM or vif type netfront mac xx xx xx xx xx xx bridge xenbr0 for PVHVM 10 Create or edit the etc sysconfig network scripts ifcfg eth0 file with the foll...

Page 40: ...Installing Paravirtual Drivers 4 16 Oracle VM Server User s Guide ...

Page 41: ...ping shutting down Powered off stopped A start operation can take the domain from the stopped powered down state to the paused state or the running state From the running state a suspend action takes the domain to the suspended state and a resume operation takes it back to the running state The transition to and from the suspended state could also happen from the paused state A domain in the runni...

Page 42: ... such as the total available memory the memory in use and free memory The CPU statistics of the host such as the number of CPUs and CPU speed Information on each domain such as domain name domain state CPU usage in seconds percentage of CPU memory in Kilobytes and so on For example an xm top command displays output similar to Figure 5 1 Example xm top Command Output Note that the format of each li...

Page 43: ...Using the xm Command Line Interface Domain Monitoring and Administration 5 3 Figure 5 2 Example xm info Command Output ...

Page 44: ...Using the xm Command Line Interface 5 4 Oracle VM Server User s Guide ...

Page 45: ...red virtual disk in the following configurations OCFS2 Oracle Cluster File System using the iSCSI Internet SCSI network protocol OCFS2 using SAN Storage Area Network NFS Network File System You must make sure all Virtual Machine Servers in the server pool Use the same shared storage Are in the same OCFS2 or NFS cluster This section discusses creating a shared virtual disk to use for live migration...

Page 46: ... b1 o delete iscsiadm m node p 10 1 1 249 3260 2 T iqn 1992 04 com emc cx apm00070202838 a1 o delete iscsiadm m node p 10 0 1 249 3260 5 T iqn 1992 04 com emc cx apm00070202838 a2 o delete 5 Verify that only the iSCSI targets you want to use for the server pool are visible iscsiadm m node 6 Review the partitions by checking proc partitions cat proc partitions major minor blocks name 8 0 71687372 s...

Page 47: ...2cb configure 16 Start up the OCFS2 service service o2cb start 17 Format the shared virtual disk from any of the Oracle VM Servers in the cluster mkfs ocfs2 dev sdb1 18 Mount the shared virtual disk from all the Oracle VM Servers in the cluster on OVS remote mount dev sdb1 OVS remote t ocfs2 19 Change the etc fstab file to include the shared virtual disk mounted at boot dev sdb1 OVS remote ocfs2 d...

Page 48: ...Load the OCFS2 module service o2cb load 6 Set the OCFS2 service to be online service o2cb online 7 Configure the OCFS2 service to start automatically when the computer boots service o2cb configure 8 Start up the OCFS2 service service o2cb start 9 Format the shared virtual disk from any of the Oracle VM Servers in the cluster mkfs ocfs2 dev sdb 10 Mount the shared virtual disk from all the Oracle V...

Page 49: ... domain migration See Section 6 1 Creating a Shared Virtual Disk for Live Migration Each computer involved with the domain migration must have access to the shared virtual disk in the same way either as an NFS or a SAN virtual disk 2 On the Oracle VM Server that contains the existing domain migrate the domain to to the remote computer with the following command xm migrate mydomain myremotecomputer...

Page 50: ...Migrating a Domain 6 6 Oracle VM Server User s Guide ...

Page 51: ...pository Directory Structure The OVS directory is the location of the default repository created when you install Oracle VM Server When you register a Utility Server in a server pool using Oracle VM Manager a number of standard resource related sub directories are created under the OVS repository directory 7 2 Oracle VM Server Repositories A list of the Oracle VM Server repositories is in the file...

Page 52: ... for storage repositories The repository option file must be named etc ovs repositories options The format of this file is uuid options uuid The UUID of the repository and must match the UUID of the repository in the etc ovs repositories file options The list of mount options as they would appear if the volume were mounted with mount o opt1 opt2 opt3 The mount options will be used exactly as liste...

Page 53: ...ool and all shared storage in non HA enabled server pools enter 1 For any local host specific storage enter 0 description The text displayed in Oracle VM Manager 7 6 Removing a Repository You can remove a repository using the usr lib ovs ovs offlinerepo script This script unmounts a repository and removes it from the configuration The script takes the parameters usr lib ovs ovs offlinerepo d uuid ...

Page 54: ...Removing a Repository 7 4 Oracle VM Server User s Guide ...

Page 55: ...otes for a list of the supported guest operating systems The host computer must also have a CPU that supports PAE Physical Address Extension The P2V conversion process creates a virtual machine configuration file vm cfg allows you to make some modifications in terms of sizing of the virtual machine hardware and then replicates the physical image and transfers it over the network to the server pool...

Page 56: ...ty interactively or as an automated process using a kickstart configuration file When you use the P2V utility with a kickstart file no user intervention is required 8 1 1 Using the P2V Utility Interactively When you use the P2V utility interactively you are prompted for all required information To create an Oracle VM guest image of a computer using the P2V utility interactively 1 Insert the Oracle...

Page 57: ... and continue with the installation select Skip and press Enter 5 The P2V Network Configuration screen is displayed Figure 8 3 P2V Network Configuration Screen Select your ethernet driver from the list displayed If your computer uses DHCP to assign its IP address select Automatically obtain via DHCP If your computer uses a static IP address select Manually configure and enter the IP address and ne...

Page 58: ...t OK and press Enter 7 The Other parameters for VM screen is displayed Figure 8 5 Other Parameters for VM Screen Enter information about the guest image for VM guest name VM guest memory Number of virtual CPUs Console password Select OK and press Enter 8 A secure web server HTTPS is started The IP address of the computer and port number the web server is available on is displayed ...

Page 59: ...Utility with a Kickstart File You can use a kickstart file to automate the creation of a guest image of a physical computer using the P2V utility When you use the P2V utility with a kickstart file no user intervention is required If there are any missing parameters in the kickstart file you are prompted to enter them To use a P2V kickstart file you must create a file with the P2V configuration opt...

Page 60: ...If there are any missing parameters in the kickstart file you are prompted to enter them 6 If the kickstart file includes the directive to import the guest image to Oracle VM Manager a secure web server HTTPS is started A screen is displayed giving the IP address of the computer and port number the web server is available on Log in to Oracle VM Manager and import the guest using the P2V feature Se...

Page 61: ... restarts When a Virtual Machine Server is restarted or shut down the guests running on it are either restarted on or migrated to another Virtual Machine Server You can manage HA with Oracle VM Manager To implement HA you must create a cluster of Virtual Machine Servers in a server pool and have them managed by Oracle VM Manager HA cannot be implemented with Oracle VM Server alone To use HA you mu...

Page 62: ...ferred Virtual Machine Server or Virtual Machine Server available the guests shut down Power Off and are restarted when a Virtual Machine Server becomes available If the Server Pool Master fails HA also fails for the Virtual Machine Servers running in that server pool The possible HA scenarios are If you shut down or restart a Virtual Machine Server in Oracle VM Manager you are prompted which gues...

Page 63: ...n the server pool Figure 9 3 HA in effect for a Virtual Machine Server restart or shut down To enable HA you must first make sure all Virtual Machine Servers in the server pool Use the same shared storage Are in the same OCFS2 or NFS cluster Are Oracle VM Server Release 2 1 2 or above Have the same cluster root which is a specially designated shared storage used for heatbeating in the cluster For ...

Page 64: ...l OCFS2 using SAN Storage Area Network NFS Network File System This section discusses creating a shared virtual disk in these configurations 9 2 1 Creating a Shared Virtual Disk Using OCFS2 on iSCSI To create a shared virtual disk using OCFS2 on iSCSI 1 Install the iscsi initiator utils RPM on the Oracle VM Server The iscsi initiator utils RPM is available on the Oracle VM Server CDROM or ISO file...

Page 65: ...he share disk volume you want to use and create the desired partitions for example dev sdb1 using the fdisk command cat proc partitions major minor blocks name 8 0 71687372 sda 8 1 104391 sda1 8 2 71577607 sda2 253 0 70516736 dm 0 253 1 1048576 dm 1 8 16 1048576 sdb 9 Format the shared virtual disk from any of the Oracle VM Servers in the cluster For example to create an OCFS2 partition with a 4k ...

Page 66: ... Servers to preserve the cluster under rare circumstances The following sections detail how to create a cluster and enable HA You can create either an NFS based cluster or an OCFS2 cluster 9 3 1 Creating an NFS Cluster for HA 1 On the Server Pool Master start the cluster service usr lib ovs ovs cluster configure 2 On the Server Pool Master configure the shared storage with usr lib ovs ovs makerepo...

Page 67: ...eating an HA enabled server pool 9 4 Enabling HA To enable HA you must first enable HA in the server pool and then on each guest To enable HA 1 Log in to Oracle VM Manager and enable HA in the server pool If the server pool already exists enable HA on the server pool See the Oracle VM Manager User s Guide for information on setting up HA in Oracle VM Manager The Oracle VM Agent on the Server Pool ...

Page 68: ...Enabling HA 9 8 Oracle VM Server User s Guide ...

Page 69: ...ine Tools A 1 A Command Line Tools This Appendix contains references for the Oracle VM Server and Oracle VM Agent command line tools The command line interfaces in this Appendix are ovs agent virt install xm P2V ...

Page 70: ...hen the guests have been migrated or Powered Off the Oracle VM Agent shuts down Shut down the guest s and shut down Oracle VM Agent Cancel the shutdown operation See Chapter 3 Oracle VM Agent for examples on using the ovs agent command line tool Options start Starts Oracle VM Agent service ovs agent start stop Stops Oracle VM Agent service ovs agent stop restart Stops and restarts Oracle VM Agent ...

Page 71: ...stall h nname name name Sets the name of the guest instance virt install nMyGuest rRAM ram RAM Sets the memory to allocate for a guest instance in Megabytes virt install ram 256 uUUID uuid UUID Sets the UUID Universally Unique Identifier for the guest If none is given a random UUID is generated virt install u vcpus number Sets the number of virtual CPUs to configure for the guest virt install vcpu...

Page 72: ...ue Set up keyboard mapping for the graphical console If none is given the keymap is automatically set to the local keymap virt install de accelerate Use kernel acceleration capabilities virt install accelerate connect URI Connect to hypervisor with URI virt install connect test default v hvm Sets the guest as being a fully virtualized guest virt install v cCD ROM CD ROM CD ROM Sets the file to use...

Page 73: ...all arch x86 Possible values for os type windows Possible values for os type unix Possible values for os type other Possible values for os type linux win2k3 solaris9 netware6 generic24 win2k solaris10 generic generic26 vista freebsd6 netware4 rhel2 1 winxp openbsd4 msdos fedora7_64 netware5 el5_64 fedora6 fedora7 fedora5 centos5_64 generic26_64 centos5 sles10 sles10_64 el4_64 rhel4 rhel5 rhel4_64 ...

Page 74: ...t or with a hardware virtualized guest with the proper paravirtualized drivers installed The ioemu driver is a hardware virtualized driver and can only be used with a hardware virtualized guest Both drivers contain the device emulation code to support hardware virtualized guests For hardware virtualized guests type can be either ioemu or netfront The default is ioemu You cannot use this parameter ...

Page 75: ... Creates a domain based on the entries in the config file Entering the c parameter attaches to the domain s console when the domain is created and started You can also enter name value pairs to override variables in the config file using the name value parameter xm c home myhome myconfig destroy domain id Immediately terminates a domain xm destroy mydomain dmesg clear Displays message buffer logs ...

Page 76: ...et domain creation parameters with a number of command line options a Python script with the defconfig parameter or an SXP configuration file the config parameter You can set configuration variables with name value pairs for example vmid 3 sets vmid to 3 The config file parameter is the location of the domain configuration file The option parameter is one or more of the following h help Displays h...

Page 77: ...he creation of domains p paused Leaves the domain paused after it is created c console_autoconnect Connects to the console after the domain is created xm new home myhome myconfig pause domain id Pauses the execution of a domain xm pause mydomain reboot all wait domain id Reboots a domain The all parameter reboots all domains The wait parameter waits for the domain to reboot before returning contro...

Page 78: ...xm A 10 Oracle VM Server User s Guide top Displays real time monitoring information of the host and domains xm top unpause domain id Unpauses a paused domain xm unpause mydomain ...

Page 79: ...a Any files on the guest which contain references to these devices must also be changed for example the etc fstab file may contain references to dev hda1 dev sda1 and so on When you use a P2V kickstart file at least one network interface must use DHCP This is required for the computer running the P2V utility to read the kickstart file over the network The network configuration for this network int...

Page 80: ...start file is intended to automate a P2V conversion This parameter is required in order to perform an automated P2V conversion and should be supplied at the Oracle VM Server boot prompt instead of install update or rescue It accepts no parameters target option Sets the end destination for the guest image The option parameter can only contain the following ovmmanager Sets the P2V utility to operate...

Page 81: ...sary networking information As the name implies this information is static and is used during and after the installation The entry for static networking is more complex as you must include all network configuration information on one line You must specify the IP address netmask gateway and nameserver for example network bootproto static ip 10 0 2 15 netmask 255 255 255 0 gateway 10 0 2 254 nameser...

Page 82: ...racle VM Server User s Guide vcpus number The number of VCPUs for the guest consolepasswd password The console password for the guest For example vm_options name myGuest mem 1024 vcpus 1 consolepasswd mypassword ...

Page 83: ...VM Server Configuration File B 1 BOracle VM Server Configuration File This Appendix contains information on the entries in the Oracle VM Server configuration file It contains Oracle VM Server Configuration File ...

Page 84: ...access method entries should be provided each entry in the list enclosed in parentheses and the list itself enclosed in its own parentheses If dom0 local access is required the access method entry should begin with the unix parameter This creates a unix socket in a directory on the dom0 file system An authtype parameter may also be supplied as a second argument If remote access is required the acc...

Page 85: ...xmlrpc server yes xend relocation server yes no Sets the Oracle VM Server used for the live migration of domains The default is no xend relocation server no xend unix path path Sets the path for the xend unix server socket parameter The default is var lib xend xend socket xend unix path var lib xend xend socket xen tcp xmlrpc server address IPAddress Sets the IP address Oracle VM Server should use...

Page 86: ... is an empty string xend relocation address localhost xend relocation hosts allow IPAddress regular_expression Sets the hosts allowed to talk to the relocation port Setting to an empty string allows all connections Setting to a space separated series of regular expressions allows any host with the domain name or IP address that matches any of the regular expressions The default is an empty string ...

Page 87: ...be used for initiating virtual TPM Trusted Platform Module migration The default is an empty string external migration tool VNC Server Options vnc listen port The port on which to listen for the hardware virtualized VNC Server Setting the port to 0 0 0 0 allows access from all hosts Setting the port to localhost restricts access to only the local host The default is 127 0 0 1 vnc listen 0 0 0 0 vn...

Page 88: ...Oracle VM Server Configuration File B 6 Oracle VM Server User s Guide ...

Page 89: ...ler and the Intel 82540EM Gigabit Ethernet controller the e1000 controller for hardware virtualized guests The e1000 controller is a Gigabit Ethernet controller and increases the network throughput when compared to the default Ethernet controller To use these network device emulators install the network device driver on the guest then modify the guest configuration file to specify the controller m...

Page 90: ...arameter is disk_other_config front_end qos_algorithm_type qos_algorithm_params front_end is the front end name of the virtual disk device to which you want to apply QoS For example hda hdb xvda and so on qos_algorithm_type is the QoS algorithm Only ionice is currently supported qos_algorithm_params are the parameters for the qos_algorithm_type For the ionice algorithm this may be the schedule cla...

Page 91: ...n file vm cfg The rate parameter supports an optional time window parameter for specifying the granularity of credit replenishment The default window is 50ms For example you could set rate as rate 10Mb s rate 250KB s or rate 1MB s 20ms An example vif option to set the network traffic priority for a guest might be vif mac 00 16 3e 31 d5 4b bridge xenbr0 rate 10Mb s 50ms If you make a change to a ru...

Page 92: ... disk parameters below the last three devices were added later and last two are shared writeable Note for HVM you must use whole device Do not try to get domU to see a partition on a device For example in a HVM this will not work phy dev vgxen tls4 swap hdb1 w Best that you fdisk any extra or added devices within one of your domUs disk phy dev vgxen lvol0 hda w phy dev vgxen tls4 swap hdb w phy de...

Page 93: ...ts are implemented Server Pool Master This acts as the contact point to the outside world of Oracle VM Server and dispatches to other Oracle VM Agents It also provides virtual machine host load balance and local persistency of Oracle VM Server information Utility Server This mainly focuses on creating removing migrating and so on of I O intensive operations Virtual Machine Server The virtual machi...

Page 94: ...racle VM Manager guest virtual machines are not prevented from powering on simply because an individual Oracle VM Server happens to be down for maintenance or otherwise unavailable at the time Further since the load balancing algorithm assures that a guest virtual machine is placed on the Oracle VM Server with the most resources available it also helps assure the maximum aggregate performance from...

Page 95: ...s with more than just a few guests in a server pool it is recommended that the Server Pool Master and Utility Server functions reside together or individually on a separate and dedicated Oracle VM Server that does not host any guests as illustrated in Server Pool 3 This is to prevent any significant Server Pool Master and Utility Server usage from impacting the performance of the workloads hosted ...

Page 96: ...Oracle VM Agent Deployment D 4 Oracle VM Server User s Guide ...

Page 97: ...D ROM Image Not Found Migrating Domains Attaching to a Console with the Grub Boot Loader E 1 Debugging Tools If domain creation fails check the Oracle VM Server log files and use the command line tools to help you find the cause of a problem There are a number of useful command line tools important directories and log files that you should check when troubleshooting problems with Oracle VM Server ...

Page 98: ... VNC access to guests requires that VNC access is Table E 1 Oracle VM Server directories Directory Purpose etc xen Contains Oracle VM Server configuration files for the Oracle VM Server daemon and virtualized guests etc xen scripts Contains networking related scripts var log xen Contains Oracle VM Server log files Table E 2 Oracle VM Server log files Log File Purpose xend log Contains a log of all...

Page 99: ...mypassword The values set in the guest configuration file are used for VNC access rather than any corresponding values set in the Oracle VM Server configuration If the following is specified in a hardware virtualized guest configuration file vnc 1 VNC is enabled in the guest and the vnclisten parameter is used from the Oracle VM Server configuration file If vnclisten is not specified in the Oracle...

Page 100: ...t include this parameter another user may destroy your VNC session if they connect at the same time Connect from a remote computer with a VNC viewer using the connection string ipaddress port In both examples ipaddress is the IP address or hostname of the Oracle VM Server and port is the VNC port number of the guest E 4 Cannot Display Graphical Installer When Creating Guests If the graphical insta...

Page 101: ...he guest operating system When you use these virt install parameters the correct timer_mode value is automatically added to the guest configuration file For example to create an Oracle Enterprise Linux 5 64 bit guest add the following to the virt install command line virt install hvm os type linux os variant el5_64 For best results additional parameters may be needed in the boot loader grub conf c...

Page 102: ...up in the shadow page table but the operating system is unaware of this For example a sound is loaded into memory in a hardware virtualized guest running Windows at an address of 100MB may produce garbage through the sound card instead of the intended audio This is because the sound is actually loaded at 100MB plus 256MB The sound card receives the address of 100MB but it is actually at 256MB An I...

Page 103: ...ng an NFS connection To resolve this disable the firewall with the following command service iptables stop E 14 Migrating Domains You cannot migrate domains on computers with hardware that is not identical To migrate a domain you must have hardware that is the same make and model You must also have the same Oracle VM Server release E 15 Attaching to a Console with the Grub Boot Loader Tracking dow...

Page 104: ...Attaching to a Console with the Grub Boot Loader E 8 Oracle VM Server User s Guide ...

Page 105: ...d line tool is used to interact with each domU Guest A guest operating system that runs within a domain in Oracle VM Server A guest may be paravirtualized or hardware virtualized Multiple guests can run on the same Oracle VM Server Hardware virtualized machine A virtual machine with an unmodified guest operating system It is not recompiled for the virtual environment There may be substantial perfo...

Page 106: ...ompiled to be made aware of the virtual environment Runs at near native speed with memory disk and network access optimized for maximum performance Preferred Server A Virtual Machine Server that provides resources such as memory CPU network interface cards NICs and disk to the virtual machine If you select only one Virtual Machine Server as the preferred server the virtual machine always starts fr...

Page 107: ...MM See Hypervisor Virtual Machine Server A component of Oracle VM Agent An application which runs Oracle VM Server virtual machines It can start and stop virtual machines and collect performance data for the host and guest operating systems Enables communication between the Server Pool Master Utility Server and Virtual Machine Servers There can be more than one Virtual Machine Server in a server p...

Page 108: ...Xen Glossary 4 ...

Page 109: ...er C 1 Guest Glossary 1 Configuration 4 9 Lifecycle 5 1 Management 5 1 D 2 Monitoring 5 1 Supported operating systems 4 1 Guest clock Setting E 5 Guest operating system Glossary 1 H HA 9 1 Hardware virtualization Overview 2 2 Hardware virtualized guest Creating 4 10 Creating using virt install 4 4 Hardware virtualized machine Glossary 1 High Availability 9 1 Host Monitoring 5 2 Host computer Gloss...

Page 110: ...ravirtualization Overview 2 2 Paravirtualized guest Converting Oracle Enterprise Linux 4 Update 4 guest 4 12 Creating 4 7 Creating using virt install 4 4 Paravirtualized machine Glossary 2 Preferred Server Glossary 2 publish_pool 7 1 Q QEMU E 6 Glossary 2 QoS C 1 Quality of Service C 1 R repositories file 7 2 repositories options file 7 2 Repository 7 1 Adding a repository 7 1 Daemon 7 2 Mount opt...

Page 111: ...nversion 8 1 VNC access to guests E 2 W Wallclock Time Skew E 5 X Xen Glossary 3 Xen hypervisor 1 2 Glossary 3 xend config sxp configuration file B 2 xen independent_wallclock Setting E 5 xm A 7 xm command 5 1 xm top command 5 2 XML RPC interface B 2 ...

Page 112: ...Index 4 ...

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