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Nikon ECLIPSE E200 POL, Instructions Manual

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Nikon ECLIPSE E200 POL Instructions Manual Download Page 23

 IV

 

  Microscopy (Detailed Procedure) 

21 

IV 

8 

 

Aperture Diaphragm Adjustment 

z

 Orthoscopic Microscopy 

The aperture diaphragm is important because it 
is related to the resolution, contrast, depth of 
focus and brightness of the optical image. 
Turning the condenser aperture diaphragm ring 
changes the size of the aperture diaphragm. 
As the aperture diaphragm is stopped down, 
resolution and brightness are reduced while 
contrast and depth of focus are increased. 
Conversely, as the aperture diaphragm is 
opened, resolution and brightness are increased 
while contrast and depth of focus are reduced. 
It is not possible to adjust one pair of 
characteristics without affecting the other. 
Generally, a satisfactory image with appropriate 
contrast can be obtained with an aperture 
setting that is 70% to 80% of the numerical 
aperture of the objective. The numerical 
aperture is indicated on the barrel of each 
objective. 

An indication of 40x / 0.65 means that the 
magnification is 40x and the numerical 
aperture is 0.65.

 

If the aperture diaphragm is stopped down too 
far, the resolution is reduced; therefore, except 
when viewing a nearly transparent specimen, 
we do not recommend stopping down the 
aperture to less than 60% of the numerical 
aperture of the objective. 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 

z

 

Adjusting the size of the aperture diaphragm according to the condenser scale

 

Since the condenser scale indicates the numerical aperture, adjust the aperture 
diaphragm ring according to the scale. (Normally, the index on the aperture diaphragm 
ring should be aligned with the scale line corresponding to 70% to 80% of the numerical 
aperture of the objective.) 

z

 

Adjusting the size of the aperture diaphragm using the Bertrand lens 

Insert the Bertrand lens into the optical path (by placing in position “B”). Turn the 
diaphragm control ring to stop down the aperture diaphragm to its minimum setting. 
Turn the Bertrand lens focus ring to focus on the aperture diaphragm. Turn the 
diaphragm control ring to adjust the aperture diaphragm. (This is normally adjusted to 
70-80% of the field of view.) 

 

 

Numerical 

aperture 

0.65 

Adequate size of the 

condenser aperture diaphragm

 

=Objective N.A. x0.7 

 

=0.65x0.7=0.455

 

Set to 0.455 

Summary of Contents for ECLIPSE E200 POL

Page 1: ...Microscope ECLIPSE E200 POL Instructions M260E 04 2 CF 3 1 2 ...

Page 2: ......

Page 3: ...ut the prior consent of Nikon The instructions and specifications in this manual are subject to change without notice Although every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this manual if you find that any part of this manual is unclear or incorrect contact your nearest Nikon representative Some ECLIPSE E200 POL microscope sets may come with different components and accessories from those s...

Page 4: ... Caution Biohazard This symbol label attached on the stand reminds you of the following WARNING Contact of a living body sample to the microscope presents a biohazard risk To avoid biohazard contamination do not touch the contaminated portion with your bare hands Decontaminate the contaminated portion according to the standard procedure of your laboratory Caution for heat This symbol label attache...

Page 5: ...uctions below The use of microscopes with the different input voltage indications will cause overcurrent and overheating which may result in fire or severe damage to the microscope If the voltage indication on the nameplate differs Î Do not plug in the microscope Contact your nearest Nikon representative If the voltage indication above the AC inlet differs Î Refer to p 35 and change the input volt...

Page 6: ...t of contact of a sample to the microscope decontaminate the contaminated portion according to the standard procedure of your laboratory 1 Turn off power switch before assembling the microscope replacing the lamp or fuse and plugging in or unplugging the power cord Turn off the power switch before you plug or unplug the power cord to prevent electrical shock or fire Also turn off the power switch ...

Page 7: ... of sound and images may be hampered 2 Carrying the Microscope This microscope is a precision instrument Handle it gently Strong shocks and forcible operation will damage the instrument Shocks to the objectives especially could degrade image precision When carrying the microscope hold it at its upper rear and lower front ends Do not hold the focus knobs the eyepiece tube or the stage These parts c...

Page 8: ...e after it has reached its upper limit 6 Oil Immersion Observation Use only a minimum quantity of oil If too much oil is applied surplus oil could flow out to the stage and the condenser which could lead to degraded performance When using petroleum benzine or absolute alcohol to wipe off immersion oil or to clean the lenses follow the instructions provided by their manufacturers Absolute alcohol a...

Page 9: ... Assembly 34 1 Assembly 34 1 Input Voltage Check 34 2 Removal of Shipping Clamps 35 3 Attaching the Intermediate Tube 36 4 Attaching the Eyepiece Tube and the Eyepieces 36 5 Attaching the Analyzer Slider 37 6 Attaching the Objectives 37 7 Attaching the Condenser 38 8 Connecting the Power Cord 38 9 Other Accessories 38 2 Replacement of Consumable Materials 39 1 Replacing the Lamp 39 2 Replacing the...

Page 10: ...per limit Adjust the aperture diaphragm ring according to the objective 6 Polarizing intermediate tube Used with the analyzer slider and the P CL plate attached Equipped with the Bertrand lens 7 Polarizer Adjust the vibration direction together with the analyzer before use 8 Field lens unit Draw out the field lens unit when changing lamp 9 Lamp Halogen lamp 6 V 20 W or 6 V 30 W is used 10 Fuse Two...

Page 11: ...I Nomenclature of Each Part 9 I 2 Eyepieces 6 Polarizing intermediate tube 4 Objectives 5 Condenser 7 Polarizer 8 Field lens unit 9 Lamp 3 Eyepiece tube 1 Basic unit 10 Fuse x2 11 Power cord ...

Page 12: ... of the microscope It is used to fix the intermediate tube in place 16 Orientation plate Shows the vibration directions of the polarizer and the analyzer 17 Circular graduated stage Rotates 360 degrees Equipped with the graduations which equally divides the circumference in 360 18 Power switch Press the l side to turn on the power and to light the lamp Press the side to turn off the power and to d...

Page 13: ...et 3 Bertrand lens focus ring 4 Revolving nosepiece 5 Standard screw hole mark 6 Specimen clip 7 Condenser aperture scale 8 Swing out condenser 9 Condenser aperture diaphragm ring 10 Polarizer Stage rotation clamp screw 12 P CL 1 4 λ and tint plate 13 Eyepiece tube clamp screw 14 Analyzer slider 15 Intermediate tube clamp screw 16 Orientation plate 17 Circular graduated stage 18 Power switch 19 Br...

Page 14: ... slider left 3 Turn to position 0 4 Widen or narrow to merge the viewfields into one 5 Adjust brightness too Viewfields 1 Match the bottom edge of the diopter ring with the engraved base line 2 Place specimen slide on the stage Coverglass up 3 Swing the 10x in the optical path Slightly lower the condenser from its uppermost position Use this knob for focusing ...

Page 15: ...ur right eye 3 Use your left eye And focus with this ring And focus on both the crosshairs and the specimen 1 Check the magnifying power 2 Move the ring to the 70 80 of the objective N A 3 Observe Turn off the power Wait till the microscope cools down before storing Adjust the diopter Magnify the image and observe ...

Page 16: ...elds into one This is an adjustment to match the distance between eyepieces with the distance between your eyes Align the Diopter Ring with the Engraved Base Line 3 Turn the diopter ring on the right eyepiece to align its bottom edge with the engraved base line Turn and align the diopter ring on the left eyepiece in the same way 4 Specimen Mounting Place specimen slide on the stage with the coverg...

Page 17: ...or easy specimen replacement 1 Use one hand to gently press down the stage 2 2 While holding the stage at that position change the specimen 3 Gradually release the stage so that it rises slowly The stage will return to the focal position 1 The distance between the front of the objective and the specimen when the specimen is in focus is called the working distance of the objective For details see p...

Page 18: ...s by turning the coarse focus and then fine focus knob Direction of stage movement relative to focus knob rotation is shown in the figure There is no coarse focus knob on the opposite side of condenser focus knobs Do not turn the right and left focus knobs simultaneously in the opposite directions Do not turn the coarse focus knob further after the stage has reached its lower or upper limit These ...

Page 19: ...bjective first focus on the image using a 10x or 4x objective Then change to a high power objective and rotate the fine focus knob for precise focusing 1 When rotating the coarse focus knob while looking into the eyepieces be sure to turn it only in the direction that lowers the stage 2 When raising the stage using the coarse focus knob take your eyes off the eyepieces and look at the gap between ...

Page 20: ...jective becomes slightly smaller than the working distance take your hands off the coarse focus knob The specimen is now almost in focus Look into the eyepieces and rotate the fine focus knob in the direction that lowers the stage Method 2 Swing the 40x objective into the optical path While looking at the microscope from the side rotate the coarse focus knob until the specimen almost touches the o...

Page 21: ...ptical path Rotate the coarse and then fine focus knobs to bring the specimen in focus 2 While looking into the right eyepiece with crosshairs with your right eye focus on the crosshairs by rotating the right diopter ring and not using the focus knob 3 Turn the fine focus knob to focus both on the specimen and the crosshairs 4 While looking into the left eyepiece with your left eye focus on the sp...

Page 22: ...ing the right diopter ring and not using the focus knob 3 While looking into the left eyepiece with your left eye focus on the specimen by rotating the left diopter ring and not using the focus knob 4 Repeat the steps 1 to 3 7 Objective Selection Rotate the revolving nosepiece to the desired objective magnification The objective will click into place when rotated into position Adjust the aperture ...

Page 23: ...umerical aperture is 0 65 If the aperture diaphragm is stopped down too far the resolution is reduced therefore except when viewing a nearly transparent specimen we do not recommend stopping down the aperture to less than 60 of the numerical aperture of the objective z Adjusting the size of the aperture diaphragm according to the condenser scale Since the condenser scale indicates the numerical ap...

Page 24: ...tive to the direction of the thickness of the specimen can be observed Operation Pull out the analyzer slider to the right and move the analyzer into the optical path Conoscopic Observation In this method in addition to the polarizer and analyzer the Bertrand lens is also moved into the optical path when observing a specimen Specimens can be observed from various angles with diascopic light in the...

Page 25: ...numerical aperture of the objective Aperture diaphragm 4x or lower Fully opened Circumscribed the circumference of the conoscopic viewfield or fully opened Swing Out the Top Lens of the Condenser 9 The top lens of the swing out condenser can be moved outside the optical path with the swing out knob During normal orthoscopic microscopy or conoscopic microscopy the top lens is used while positioned ...

Page 26: ... pupil of the objective will then be visible through the eyepiece Turn the polarizer and adjust so that the dark cross image appears in the pupil as shown in the figure in the conoscopic observation This is so called crossed Nicols position where the directions of the polarizer and analyzer coincide with those of the orientation plate on the pillar of the microscope base the polarizer is in the X ...

Page 27: ... be concerned about the relationship between the orientation of the polarizing plate and photomicrographic devices Focusing and Centering the Bertrand Lens 12When changing the objectives turn the Bertrand lens focus ring under the Bertrand lens turret of the intermediate tube and focus the Bertrand lens Centering the Bertrand lens is performed with two centering screws Center the condenser apertur...

Page 28: ...oint of the eyepiece crosshairs moves halfway toward the distinct point 4 Repeat steps 2 and 3 several times 2 Bring the next large magnification objective into the optical path and perform the centering in the same way Then bring the next large magnification objective and do the same till the centering procedure is performed on all the objectives in order including the objective of the highest ma...

Page 29: ...ge with the specimen under the crossed Nicols to find the direction where the part of the specimen to be measured appears darkest 2 Determination of Subtraction Position Rotate the stage 45 from the extinction position to the diagonal position Insert the P CL 1 4λ tint plate into the optical path and confirm that the interference color of the section of the specimen to be measured changes toward t...

Page 30: ... of the specimen to be measured appears darkest 2 Determination of Subtraction Position Rotate the stage 45 from the extinction position to the diagonal position direction where the specimen appears brightest Insert the P CQ quartz wedge into the slot of the intermediate tube and confirm that the interference color of the section of the specimen to be measured changes toward the lower order side I...

Page 31: ...TV camera Your microscope may come with an eyepiece tube without the photomicrographic tube adapter z Optical path selection lever clicking There is a switch identified by NO CLICK on the bottom surface of the eyepiece tube Turn the switch in the direction of the arrow with the hexagonal screwdriver provided to disengage the clicking action of the optical path selection lever Disengaging the click...

Page 32: ...inocular part to its lowest position Cover the microscope with the vinyl dust cover Before covering the microscope make sure that the field lens unit is cool enough to touch When carrying the microscope hold it at its upper rear and lower front ends 19Epi illuminator When the microscope is used together with the epi illuminator insert the polarizer slider into the filter holder slot far from the l...

Page 33: ...n the aperture diaphragm Then check the objective pupil a bright round part Do any of the following to eliminate air bubbles Rotate the revolving nosepiece to move the objective back and forth Add another drop of oil Wipe off the oil and apply again z Handling of the Immersion Oil Use a minimum quantity of oil If too much oil is applied surplus oil could flow out onto the stage and the condenser a...

Page 34: ... In the event of contact with eyes or skin take one of the following measures although Nikon immersion oil does not contain any toxic ingredients Contact with skin Rinse your skin thoroughly with soap and water Contact with eye Rinse your eye thoroughly with water more than 15 minutes and see a doctor Do not leave immersion oil in the sun ultraviolet rays can damage it 2 Adjusting the Torque of th...

Page 35: ... socket head bolt is located in the left hole at the lower part of the focusing mechanism Remove the bolt using a supplied hexagonal wrench and screw it into the right hole Note The upper limit bolt may not work well depending on the thickness of the specimen or the microscope itself The specimen may touch the 40x objective or the stage may be stopped by the limit before the specimen image is in f...

Page 36: ... correspond to the voltage provided in your region If not follow one of the instructions below The use of microscopes with the different input voltage indications will cause overcurrent and overheating which may result in fire or severe damage to the microscope z If the voltage indication on the nameplate differs Do not plug in the microscope Contact your nearest Nikon representative z If the volt...

Page 37: ...r to the fuse holder so that the indication of the voltage provided in your region appears in the window of the fuse holder 5 Put the fuses and the fuse holder back in place Be sure to push both sides of the fuse holder firmly till it clicks into place 2 Removal of Shipping Clamps Stage Remove two bolts from the bottom of the stage Focusing Mechanism Remove the field lens unit to expose a plate re...

Page 38: ...screw lightly press the intermediate tube clockwise to remove the unsteadiness 4 Attaching the Eyepiece Tube and the Eyepieces Eyepiece tube Fully loosen the eyepiece tube clamp screw on the intermediate tube using the hexagonal wrench Tilt the eyepiece tube and fit it on the circular mount so that the positioning pin on the eyepiece tube matches the positioning groove on the mount Tighten the eye...

Page 39: ...the right side Return the stopper screw to the slider Usually the rotation ring is placed on the right side of the microscope If the slider is inserted from the left side the rotation ring can be set on the left side of the microscope but it may become a little difficult to read out the rotation angle of the analyzer 6 Attaching the Objectives Remove the specimen from the stage and fully lower the...

Page 40: ...he supplied power cord to the AC inlet on the rear of the microscope Connect the other end plug to an AC line receptacle with the ground conductor earth conductor Make sure that the power cord is securely connected Note that the microscope should be installed near the AC line receptacle and the AC line receptacle should be placed within your reach Use the power cord provided The use of other cords...

Page 41: ...et are not damaged before installing a new lamp If the contacts are damaged they may cause poor illumination or overheating Insert the lamp s contact pins fully into the socket holes If the pins are loose the lamp could come loose or result in a contact failure which will cause overheating or smoke Be sure to put the field lens unit back in place after replacing the lamp Never turn on the lamp wit...

Page 42: ...ngs are cool enough to touch 3 Hold the field lens unit at the vertical grooves on both sides and pull it toward you to remove it 4 Remove the old lamp 5 Hold a new lamp wearing gloves or using a cloth Insert the lamp s contact pins fully into the socket holes straight and securely 6 Put the field lens unit back in place 7 Plug the power cord Socket Lamp Field lens unit ...

Page 43: ... resulting in overheating or smoke Put back the fuse holder securely to its original position z Changing the Voltage Setting 1 Turn off the power switch turn to and unplug the power cord 2 Remove the fuse holder using the flatblade precision screwdriver Use the tip of the screwdriver to push the two lock plates toward the center of the fuse holder The fuse folder pops out from the AC inlet 3 Wear ...

Page 44: ... Resolving Power The ability of an optical system to discriminate between two discrete objects separated by a minute distance The more minute the distance the higher the resolving power of the optical system In relation to the numerical aperture the resolving power is represented by the following formula Resolving power 2 Α Ν λ where λ is the used wavelength of light The resolving power in the abo...

Page 45: ... 7 n Α Ν 1000 Above is an approximation assuming the resolving power of an eye as 2 minutes λ is the wavelength of light used The depth of focus in the table on P 42 is indicated for λ 0 55 µm n is the refractive index of a medium between the objective lens and the specimen or condenser n 1 when the medium is air and n about 1 5 when the medium is oil M is the total magnification the individual ma...

Page 46: ...ectly Install correctly P 38 Field lens unit not installed correctly Install correctly P 40 Lamp not installed correctly Install correctly P 39 Dirt or dust on the lens condenser objective field lens eyepiece specimen Clean the lens P 49 Optical path selection lever on the trinocular eyepiece tube is not in click position Optical path selection lever on the trinocular eyepiece tube is not set for ...

Page 47: ...ersion oil used on the front lens of the oil immersion objective Apply Nikon immersion oil to the objective P 31 Nikon immersion oil is not used for oil immersion observation Use Nikon immersion oil P 31 Air bubbles in immersion oil Remove bubbles P 31 Immersion oil found on dry type objective especially 40x objective Clean the objective P 31 Aperture diaphragm closed too far Close or open properl...

Page 48: ...Blue filter not used Use NCB11 filter Image tinged yellow Lamp voltage too low Adjust the voltage by rotating the brightness control dial P 14 Troubles Causes Corrective Measures Image too bright Lamp voltage too high Adjust the voltage by rotating the brightness control dial P 14 Troubles Causes Corrective Measures Lamp voltage too low Adjust the voltage by rotating the brightness control dial P ...

Page 49: ...lide when changed over from low power Note Do not turn the nosepiece directly from 4x to 100x Be sure to focus correctly on the specimen with 10x objective before switching to higher magnification Troubles Causes Corrective Measures Diopter not adjusted correctly Adjust P 19 Difference in focal point too large when switching from one objective to another Loose objective Screw in till the limit Tro...

Page 50: ...pecified lamp P 39 Lamp does not light when switched on Fuse blown out Replace fuse P 41 Troubles Causes Corrective Measures Lamp bulb about to fail Replace bulb P 39 Power cord not correctly connected Connect correctly P 38 Flickering or unstable lamp brightness Bulb not correctly inserted into socket Insert correctly P 39 Troubles Causes Corrective Measures Incorrect lamp used Use the specified ...

Page 51: ...ampen a piece of gauze with neutral detergent and wipe lightly Using organic solvent could result in discoloration of the plastic parts 3 Disinfecting the Microscope We recommend that you use 70 medical alcohol for normal disinfection of the microscope In case of contact of a living body sample onto the microscope determine whether the sample is hazardous If the sample is hazardous follow the stan...

Page 52: ... with standard screw hole mark 7 Electrical Specifications Lamp Rating Halogen lamp 6 V 20 W PHILIPS 7388 or OSRAM HLX 64250 or Halogen lamp 6 V 30 W PHILIPS 5761 Average lamp lifetime Halogen lamp 6 V 20 W 100hrs Halogen lamp 6 V 30 W 100hrs Output Rating 6 V 5 A max Input Rating Model for 100 110 and 120 V Areas Input voltage Select from 100 V 110 V or 120 V AC by relocating the fuse holder in t...

Page 53: ... Class I 8 Operating Environmental Conditions Room Temperature 0 to 40 C Relative Humidity 85 max non condensing Altitude 2000 m max Pollution Degree 2 Installation Category Overvoltage Category Category II For indoor use only 9 Storage and Transport Environmental Conditions Temperature 20 to 60 C Humidity 90 RH max non condensing 10 Conforming Standards The model for 100 110 and 120 V areas is a ...

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