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Page Number - 38

Results

Scenario

Idle

Pressure

Peak Flow

Peak Demand Pressure

Potential Causes

1

Normal

Normal

.7 to 1.0 GPM
(2.5 to 4.0 LPM)

Normal

Less than
10% below
idle pressure

Fuel system is operating
normally

2

Normal

Low

Less than .7 GPM
(2.5 LPM)

Low

Greater than
10% below
idle pressure

Blocked fuel filter, inlet
strainer or supply line

3

Low

Normal

.7 to 1.0 GPM
(2.5 to 4.0 LPM)

Low

Greater than
10% below
manufacturer’s
specification

Under-restricting pressure
regulator

4

High

Normal

.7 to 1.0 GPM
(2.5 to 4.0 LPM)

High

Above
manufacturer’s
specification

Over-restricting pressure
regulator

5

Low

Low

Less than .7 GPM
(2.5 LPM)

Low

Greater than
10% below
manufacturer’s
specification

Failing fuel pump or
insufficient power supply

Appendix C – Returnless (mechanically regulated) Fuel System Diagnostic Guide

Return/Filtration Methods for Mechanically Regulated Returnless Fuel Systems

Method 1

In-Tank Filtering/In-Tank Return

Method 2

External Filtering/In-Tank Return

Method 3

External Filtering/External Return

Fuel Filter

Fuel Filter

Pressure Regulator

Fuel Pump

Inlet Strainer/Sock

Fuel Return

Fuel Rail

Fuel Supply Line

Summary of Contents for MV5545

Page 1: ...USER S MANUAL FST PRO FUEL SYSTEM TESTER MODEL MV5545...

Page 2: ...ly Regulated 15 In tank Filtering In tank Return 15 External Filtering In tank Return 15 External Filtering External Return 15 Electronically Regulated 16 Identifying Fuel Delivery Systems 16 Fuel Sys...

Page 3: ...void burns by remaining cautious of engine parts that may become hot when the engine is running Never leave a vehicle unattended while testing Check and secure all fuel system connections before start...

Page 4: ...rs Minute includes front and back plate 824142 Flowmeter Faceplates Gallons Minute includes front and back plate 824172 Quick connect Replacement Clips Qty 6 824179 Storage Case 824141 824149 824148 8...

Page 5: ...w Control Valve Knob 5 824174 Flowmeter Inlet Outlet Connector Qty 2 6 824146 Flow Control Valve 7 824145 Flowmeter Seal Kit 824183 Wing Style Hose Clamp Qty 4 824181 Flowmeter Boot 824180 Adapter O R...

Page 6: ...5 16 or 3 8 rubber to steel hose connection MVA505 16 1 4 Flex Hose Adapter Vehicles with 1 4 rubber to steel hose connection 16A 5 16 Flex Hose Adapter Vehicles with 5 16 rubber to steel hose connect...

Page 7: ...ec MVA521 4A 4B 3 8 Flare Nut Adapter Carbureted early fuel injected systems MVA522 6A 6B 5 16 Flare Nut Adapter Carbureted early fuel injected systems MVA523 5A 5B 3 8 Spring Lock Adapter Ford fuel i...

Page 8: ...e held securely by the lip of the rubber boot that surrounds the flowmeter For accuracy they pilot on the caps that seal the top and bottom of the flowtube To remove the faceplates simply peel back th...

Page 9: ...he first time it is encountered A banjo connection consists of a round hollowed out banjo connector with two flat sides A hollow bolt with a cross hole passes through the banjo connector and threads i...

Page 10: ...ed Fig 16 5 Follow normal testing procedures Proper Use Care and Servicing With proper care and maintenance the FST Pro will provide years of accurate reliable service The FST is designed for use in t...

Page 11: ...fuel delivery system preventing the engine from receiving the optimal fuel pressure and flow it requires to perform at peak efficiency and performance Assist the technician in accurately pinpointing...

Page 12: ...meet maximum engine requirements is to test it under the engine s most demanding conditions Using patented technology the FST Pro is the only tester capable of simulating demand on a vehicle s fuel de...

Page 13: ...be noted On a return system or electronically regulated returnless system the pressure value should be higher than the manufacturer s specification On a mechanically regulated returnless system the p...

Page 14: ...the way back to the fuel pump This backpressure is the pressure at which fuel is delivered to the injectors and what is referred to by the vehicle manufacturer s specification for proper fuel pressur...

Page 15: ...g the exact cause of the malfunction may be irrelevant because the pump filter and pressure regulator are all part of a module assembly that must be replaced as a complete unit In tank Filtering In ta...

Page 16: ...h feeding the injectors in one of the banks There will be a crossover between the rails to allow fuel to flow from one side to the other Fuel rails vary in appearance from simple round tubes to square...

Page 17: ...rvice manual should document this in their fuel system diagnostic procedure Fuel pumps fail or fail to perform due to high mileage contaminated fuel or electrical problems While there is no fix for we...

Page 18: ...tant pressure differential across the fuel injectors This means that fuel rail pressure will vary depending on manifold vacuum At idle manifold vacuum is high This causes the regulator to pass more fu...

Page 19: ...d Asian manufactured cars and light trucks In most cases making an inline connection with the FST requires two adapters one to connect the fuel line from the fuel tank to the FST inlet and the second...

Page 20: ...Follow the vehicle manufacturer s recommended procedure to relieve the pressure from the vehicle fuel delivery system 3 Locate the fuel supply line to the engine s fuel rail and select the best locat...

Page 21: ...clear pressure relief and bypass hoses into an approved gasoline container Route the flowmeter inlet and outlet fuel hoses away from rotating engine components belts fans and hot exhaust components R...

Page 22: ...p If the fuel pump does not operate refer to the vehicle service information for electrical diagnosis and repair of the fuel pump and associated controls After connecting the FST it is normal to have...

Page 23: ...the flow of fuel is routed through the bypass port located above the valve through the bypass hose and into the reservoir All restriction to the flow of fuel is removed This allows the pump to output...

Page 24: ...inpoint a malfunc tion Blocked Inline Fuel Filter If the inline filter is clean pressure and flow in Zones 1 and 2 should be equal A clogged filter will cause the pressure to increase in Zone 1 and th...

Page 25: ...r restrict the flow Follow the vehicle manufacturer s procedure for locating and repairing the cause of the vacuum loss and retest If vacuum is normal connect the FST in Zone 3 preferably right after...

Page 26: ...e fuel pump Testing the fuel system by activating the fuel pump using a scan tool will cause the fuel pump to severely under per form 3 If the vehicle utilizes a multiple speed fuel pump use a scanner...

Page 27: ...ues to expe rience symptoms of a fuel delivery malfunction it could be caused by contaminated fuel faulty fuel injector s or an intermittent component malfunction such as a sticking pressure regulator...

Page 28: ...cate a pump problem If the FST indicates a pump is under performing be sure to verify that the vehicle does not use a multiple speed pump see Fuel System Components Fuel Pumps To properly test a fuel...

Page 29: ...of fuel through the tester Watch the pressure gauge as the valve is rotated the pressure should increase Note the pressure when the valve is fully closed A good fuel pump should be capable of pro duc...

Page 30: ...and the diagnostic chart clearly pinpoints the cause follow the vehicle manufacturer s repair procedures to correct the malfunction After performing the repairs re test the fuel delivery system with t...

Page 31: ...as they pass through the flowmeter Air bubbles can also be caused by a bad swirl pot or leaking fuel pickup line in the tank which allow air to be sucked into the fuel pump Performing flow demand tes...

Page 32: ...inimal release of fuel Follow the procedures below and always observe the safety precautions listed in the front of this manu al Carefully read the warning below concerning disconnecting from a hot re...

Page 33: ...ut starting the engine will run the fuel pump briefly to prime the fuel system on most vehicles Always check fuel line connections to ensure they are securely fastened and do not leak 7 Place the disc...

Page 34: ...21 0 29 0 36 0 43 0 50 0 57 5 0 305 0 22 0 30 0 37 0 45 0 52 0 59 5 2 317 0 23 0 31 0 39 0 46 0 54 0 62 5 4 330 0 24 0 32 0 40 0 48 0 56 0 64 5 6 342 0 25 0 33 0 42 0 50 0 58 0 66 5 8 354 0 26 0 35 0...

Page 35: ...79 1 10 1 36 1 63 1 89 2 16 5 0 305 0 83 1 14 1 40 1 70 1 97 2 23 5 2 317 0 87 1 17 1 48 1 74 2 04 2 35 5 4 330 0 91 1 21 1 51 1 82 2 12 2 42 5 6 342 0 95 1 25 1 59 1 89 2 20 2 50 5 8 354 0 98 1 32 1...

Page 36: ...M 2 5 LPM Normal 50 to 100 higher than spec Normal 7 to 1 0 GPM 2 5 to 4 0 LPM Under restricting pressure regulator 4 High Low Less than maxi mum fuel vol ume require ment Normal 50 to 100 higher than...

Page 37: ...rmal replace the pressure regulator Scenario 4 Diagnosis High pressure and low flow at idle indicates too much restriction in the path of the fuel as it returns from the fuel rail to the fuel tank The...

Page 38: ...re regulator 4 High Normal 7 to 1 0 GPM 2 5 to 4 0 LPM High Above manufacturer s specification Over restricting pressure regulator 5 Low Low Less than 7 GPM 2 5 LPM Low Greater than 10 below manufactu...

Page 39: ...el tank and inline filter and retest If peak flow is normal replace inline filter If flow is still low replace inlet screen sock Scenario 3 Diagnosis Low idle and capability pressure combined with nor...

Page 40: ...to 4 0 LPM Fuel system is operating normally 2 Normal Low Greater than 10 below idle pressure Normal 50 to 100 higher than spec Low Less than 7 GPM 2 5 LPM Blocked fuel filter inlet strainer or pinche...

Page 41: ...such as wide open throttle Additional Action Inspect the fuel supply line for damage Connect FST between fuel tank and inline filter and retest If the peak flow and capability pressure are normal rep...

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