1. Introduction
Terms and Definitions
“Gamma”:
The light output of a CRT is not linear with respect to the
voltage input. The difference between what you should have and what
is actually output is known as gamma.
“HDMI” - High – Definition Multimedia Interface:
An interface used
primarily in consumer electronics for the transmission of
uncompressed high definition video, up to 8 channels of audio, and
control signals, over a single cable. HDMI is the de facto standard for
HDTV displays, Blu-ray Disc players, and other HDTV electronics.
Introduced in 2003, the HDMI specification has gone through several
revisions.
“HDSDI”:
The high-definition version of SDI specified in SMPTE-292M.
This signal standard transmits audio and video with 10 bit depth and
4:2:2 color quantization over a single coaxial cable with a data rate of
1.485 Gbit/second. Multiple video resolutions exists including
progressive 1280x720 and interlaced 1920x1080 resolution. Up to 32
audio signals are carried in the ancillary data.
“JPEG” (Joint photographic Expects Group):
Commonly used
method of lossy compression for photographic images using a discreet
cosine transfer function. The degree of compression can be adjusted,
allowing a selectable tradeoff between storage size and image quality.
JPEG typically achieves 10:1 compression with little perceptible loss in
image quality. Produces blocking artifacts.
“MPEG”:
Motion image Expect Group. A standard committee under the
auspices of the International Standards Organization working on
algorithm standards that allow digital compression, storage and
transmission of moving image information such as motion video,
CD-quality audio, and control data at CD-ROM bandwidth. The MPEG
algorithm provides inter-frame compression of video images and can
have an effective compression rate of 100:1 to 200:1.
“NTSC”:
The color video standard used in North America and some
other parts of the world created by the National Television Standards
Committee in the 1950s. A color signal must be compatible with
black-and-white TV sets. NTSC utilizes an interlaced video signals,
525 lines of resolution with a refresh rate of 60 fields per second (60
Hz). Each frame is comprised of two fields of 262.5 lines each, running
at an effective rate of 30 frames per second.
“PAL”:
Phase Alternate Line. A television standard in which the phase
of the color carrier is alternated from line to line. It takes four full
images (8 fields) for the color-to-horizontal phase relationship to return
to the reference point. This alternation helps cancel out phase errors.
For this reason, the hue control is not needed on a PAL TV set. PAL, in
many transmission forms, is widely used in Western Europe, Australia,
Africa, the Middle East, and Micronesia. PAL uses 625-line, 50-filed
