INSTRUCTION MANUAL-CoolSafe Freeze Dryersmodels
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transition line between the solid and vapor states. The heating will initiate sublimation of the
moisture from the product to the surrounding environment. The vapor will move to the condenser
surface because of the lower vapor pressure in the condenser.
In the third step, water that was strongly bound to the solids of the sample (called sorbed water) is
converted to vapor and removed from the product, this process being referred to as desorption.
Removing moisture in the desorption phase or secondary drying phase, is done at a higher product
temperature and at the lowest possible pressure.
