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V3500A User’s Guide

RF Measurement Basics

Figure 4-4

Mismatch in power measurements

The reflection coefficient of a device (

) is a measure of its

impedance relative to

(

is the characteristic impedance

of the system).

The reflection coefficient of the source (

) is defined as:

Similarly, the reflection coefficient (

) of the load is

defined as:

Signal
source

Load

–

------------------

–

-----------------

Summary of Contents for V3500A

Page 1: ...Keysight V3500A Handheld RF Power Meter User s Guide ...

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Page 4: ... separate written agreement with warranty terms covering the material in this document that conflict with these terms the warranty terms in the separate agreement shall control Technology Licenses The hardware and or software described in this document are furnished under a license and may be used or copied only in accor dance with the terms of such license Restricted Rights Legend U S Government ...

Page 5: ...tion or reinforced insulation Alternating current AC Off supply Both direct and alternating current On supply Three phase alternating current Caution risk of electric shock Earth ground terminal Caution risk of danger refer to this manual for specific Warning or Caution information Protective conductor terminal Caution hot surface Frame or chassis terminal Out position of a bi stable push control ...

Page 6: ...the equipment switched off To avoid dangerous electric shock service personnel must not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another person capable of rendering resuscitation or first aid is present Do not substitute parts or modify equipment to avoid the danger of introducing additional hazards Return the instrument to Keysight Sales Office for service and repair to ensure the safety fea...

Page 7: ...Pollution degree Pollution Degree 2 CAUTION The Keysight V3500A complies with the following safety and EMC requirements IEC 61326 2 1 2005 EN 61326 2 1 2006 Canada ICES 001 2004 Australia New Zealand AS NZS CISPR11 2004 Degradation of some instrument specifications can occur in the presence of ambient electromagnetic EM fields and noise that are coupled to the powerline or I O cables of the instru...

Page 8: ...ustralia This signifies compliance with the Australia EMC Framework regulations under the terms of the Radio Communication Act of 1992 ICES NMB 001 indicates that this ISM device complies with the Canadian ICES 001 Cet appareil ISM est confomre a la norme NMB 001 du Canada This instrument complies with the WEEE Directive 2002 96 EC marking requirement This affixed product label indicates that you ...

Page 9: ...ical or electronic product in domestic household waste Product Category With reference to the equipment types in the WEEE directive Annex 1 this instrument is classified as a Monitoring and Control Instrument product The affixed product label is as shown below Do not dispose in domestic household waste To return this unwanted instrument contact your nearest Keysight Technologies or visit www keysi...

Page 10: ... a brief description of the instrument outlook front panel operation and front panel procedure 3 Driver Installation and Commands This chapter provides you the step by step programming driver installation procedure remote USB operation and basic drive commands of the V3500A Handheld RF Power Meter 4 RF Measurement Basics This chapter describes the RF measurement basics of the V3500A Handheld RF Po...

Page 11: ...of Conformity DoC for this instrument is available on the Web site You can search the DoC by its instrument model or description http www keysight com go conformity NOTE If you are unable to search for the respective DoC please contact your local Keysight representative ...

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Page 13: ...t a Glance 10 Product dimensions 10 The front panel keypad 11 How to navigate the menu system 13 How to power on the V3500A 16 Front panel operations 17 Measuring power 17 Zeroing the power meter 18 Setting the input frequency 18 Setting the measurement speed 19 Enabling and disabling high speed mode 19 Saving the instrument state 20 Recalling the instrument state 20 Setting units dBm or watts 21 ...

Page 14: ...ng programming driver 42 Instrument Address 46 Remote USB Operation 47 Introduction 47 Bus connections 47 Remote USB commands 48 Basic driver commands 49 Basic V3500A commands 55 Averaging control commands 56 Measurement speed control commands 57 Unit of measurement commands 58 Relative Offset Commands 59 Miscellaneous commands 60 Examples 61 4 RF Measurement Basics 81 Power Definition 82 Units of...

Page 15: ...0A User s Guide XIII High frequency method 85 Power of various types of signals 87 Measurement accuracy 89 5 Characteristics and Specifications 93 Product Characteristics 94 Product Specifications 96 SWR 98 ...

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Page 17: ...r USB type mini B port and external power connector 7 Figure 2 1 V3500A dimensions 10 Figure 2 2 V3500A front panel keypad 11 Figure 2 3 Menu map structure 13 Figure 4 1 Low frequency power measurement 85 Figure 4 2 High frequency power measurement 86 Figure 4 3 Example of pulse modulated signals 88 Figure 4 4 Mismatch in power measurements 90 Figure 5 1 Typical SWR performance 98 ...

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Page 19: ... User s Guide XVII List of Tables Table 2 1 V3500A keypad functions 11 Table 2 2 Menu map structure description 14 Table 3 1 SETAVG command values 56 Table 5 1 SWR performance for different frequency band 98 ...

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Page 21: ...nitial Inspection 3 Standard purchase items 3 Optional purchase items 4 Handling Precaution 4 Setting up your Instrument 5 Connectivity 5 RF connector 5 USB port 7 Power supply 8 This chapter introduces the key features of the V3500A Handheld RF Power Meter and prepares the power meter for initial setup ...

Page 22: ...aboratory the V3500A can be used as an RF power data logger by transferring data through its built in USB interface to a computer allowing you to perform trend or drift analysis For use in the field the compact size of the V3500A allows it to be placed in a toolkit You do not have to carry both a power meter and a separate sensor module the V3500A has a built in sensor when conducting measurement ...

Page 23: ...instrument inspect the instrument for any obvious damage such as broken terminals or cracks dents and scratches on the casing that may occur during shipment If any damage is found notify the nearest Keysight Sales Office immediately The front of this manual contains the warranty information Standard purchase items Verify that you have received the following items with your V3500A instrument If any...

Page 24: ...er Meter 10 MHz to 6 GHz User s Guide English V3500A ABA Keep the original packaging in case the V3500A has to be returned to Keysight in the future Also include a brief description of the problem Handling Precaution To maintain high impedance isolation ensure that the V3500A is handled carefully to avoid contamination from foreign materials such as body oil Such contamination can reduce isolation...

Page 25: ...d to set up the RF connector and USB port connections properly before making any measurements RF connector Use the Type N male RF connector with 50 Ω characteristic impedance see Figure 1 2 to make RF signal connections Figure 1 2 V3500A with Type N connector nut Type N male connector nut ...

Page 26: ...n for a power measurement While holding the body of the power meter in one hand turn the Type N male connector nut to tighten the connection do not turn the body of the V3500A Continue to do so until the connection is hand tight It is important to turn the nut of the connector rather than the body of the power meter when tightening the connection NOTE When connecting the Type N connector of the V3...

Page 27: ...on to remote programming the V3500A can be powered by the USB port regardless of whether the batteries are present or connected to the external power supply V3500A PWR Figure 1 3 Full serial number USB type mini B port and external power connector NOTE The interface is USB 2 0 compatible with an interface speed of 12 Mbps USB type mini B port External power connector Full serial number ...

Page 28: ... more information External power connector The external power connector provides a connection for the optional external power supply Model V3500A PWR see Figure 1 3 If the external power supply is connected the V3500A will be powered by the external power supply regardless of whether the USB power or batteries are present The power supply is equipped with an AC line filter and provides a condition...

Page 29: ...Setting the measurement speed 19 Enabling and disabling high speed mode 19 Saving the instrument state 20 Recalling the instrument state 20 Setting units dBm or watts 21 Controlling the backlight 22 Setting the backlight auto shutoff interval 22 Using relative offset function 23 This chapter specifies the characteristics environmental conditions and specifications of the V3500A Handheld RF Power M...

Page 30: ...10 V3500A User s Guide 2 Knowing your Instrument Product at a Glance Product dimensions Figure 2 1 V3500A dimensions 79 mm 49 mm 1134 mm ...

Page 31: ...e RF input as this results in inaccurate readings For example if the V3500A is connected to a signal generator turn off the signal generator s output before pressing the ZERO keypad When the V3500A is zeroed the display will show Zeroing The entire operation will take approximately 30 seconds Press FREQUENCY to set the V3500A to the frequency of the input signal There are two keypads for adjusting...

Page 32: ...ows the user to disconnect the V3500A from the source and then read the display Press HOLD again to disable the hold function and the display will once again be updated continuously When the hold function is enabled the letter H is displayed on the upper right hand corner of the display Press MENU to access any functions that are not available to the user directly from the front panel keypad It al...

Page 33: ...a selection The left and right menu arrow keypads are used to select available choices in menu mode All menu commands are executed immediately when the choice is selected The menu map structure is shown in Figure 2 3 and the description is shown in Table 2 2 The menu items in brackets are the default menu values Figure 2 3 Menu map structure NOTE There is no enter keypad to activate a particular m...

Page 34: ...0 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 50 Save State Enables or disables the save state Refer to Saving the instrument state on page 20 No Save No Recall State Enables or disables the recall state Refer to Recalling the instrument state on page 20 No Recall No Meas mode Selects between normal or fast mode Refer to Enabling and disabling high speed mode on page 19 Norm Fast Norm Firmware Rev Shows the firmware...

Page 35: ...down arrow keypad to change the active menu from AVERAGING to UNITS menu 2 In the AVERAGING menu the left and right menu keypads can turn averaging Off or select 2 4 8 16 or 32 averages If the present selection is 2 and the right menu key is pressed the active selection will be changed to 4 immediately ...

Page 36: ... duration By default the auto shutoff feature time is disabled Setting the power auto shutoff interval 1 Press MENU to enter menu mode 2 The menu system map as shown in Figure 2 3 will be shown 3 Scroll using the down arrow key until Shutdown is displayed 4 Select your desired time out interval using the left or right menu keypads NOTE The SHUTDOWN menu allows you to change the auto shutoff interv...

Page 37: ...3500A Refer to Zeroing the power meter on page 18 for more information 3 Connect the V3500A RF input port to the signal to be measured Refer to RF connector on page 5 for more information The top line of the display shows the measured power of the signal The measured power will be updated continuously and displayed accordingly In the upper right hand corner of the display an at symbol is displayed...

Page 38: ...V3500A will display the message Zeroing during the zeroing process When the display returns to normal mode zeroing is complete and measurements can be made Setting the input frequency The V3500A has an internal calibration table that corrects for frequency response variations of its circuitry For best accuracy set the input signal frequency correctly 1 Press FREQUENCY to set the input frequency Th...

Page 39: ... greater than 30 dBm the V3500A can make approximately 23 measurements per second In most cases the normal measurement speed is the best choice Measurement data filtering is greatly reduced in high speed mode resulting in significantly higher measurement noise than in normal mode Enabling and disabling high speed mode 1 Press MENU to enter menu mode 2 Scroll using the down menu arrow keypad until ...

Page 40: ...ument places all menu values in the memory of the instrument so that it can be recalled after the cycling power Frequency settings are not saved or recalled The Save State feature is only functional when the batteries are stored in the instrument CAUTION All menu commands are executed immediately when the choice is selected Therefore the Save State command is implemented as soon as the Save menu i...

Page 41: ...3 Use the left or right arrow menu keypad to select your desired units either dBm or Watts CAUTION All menu commands are executed immediately when the choice is selected Therefore the Recall State command is implemented as soon as the Recall menu item is highlighted There is no undo option as soon as the Recall menu item is selected the saved menu setting overwrite the present settings NOTE When o...

Page 42: ...fter a certain length of time to preserve the battery life The default time is one minute Setting the backlight auto shutoff interval 1 Press MENU to enter menu mode 2 Scroll using the down menu arrow keypad until BacklightOff menu is displayed 3 Use the left or right arrow menu keypad to select your desired time interval Select Never to disable the backlight s auto shutoff NOTE The instrument ret...

Page 43: ...tive offset value 4 Press MENU to exit Entering a relative offset value 1 From the Rel Offset menu use the right arrow menu keypad to select Edit Notice that the up down left and right arrow keypads are enabled 2 Use any of the up down left or right arrow keypads to edit the individual digits of the relative offset value and store the value 3 Use the up and down arrow keypads to change the sign of...

Page 44: ...e down menu arrow until Rel Offset menu is displayed 3 Use the right arrow menu keypad to select the Off function 4 Press MENU to exit The character will flash on the upper right hand corner of the display indicating that the relative offset function is turned off NOTE Powering the V3500A on or off erases any relative offset values entered ...

Page 45: ...ver 42 Instrument Address 46 Remote USB Operation 47 Introduction 47 Bus connections 47 Remote USB commands 48 Basic driver commands 49 Basic V3500A commands 55 Averaging control commands 56 Measurement speed control commands 57 Unit of measurement commands 58 Relative Offset Commands 59 Miscellaneous commands 60 Examples 61 This chapter provides you the step by step programming driver installatio...

Page 46: ...entium IV or higher Operating System Any one of the following Microsoft Windows versions Windows 2000 Professional Service Pack 4 or later Windows XP Professional or Home edition Service Pack 1 or later Windows Vista Windows 7 Browser Microsoft Internet Explorer 5 01 or higher Available Hard Disk Space 1 GB Available RAM 512 MB or higher is recommended Video Super VGA 800x600 256 colors or higher ...

Page 47: ...the V3500A programming drivers Installing USB driver USB driver installation allows you to install the low level drivers that set up the physical communication link between the V3500A and the PC 1 Download the driver from the Keysight s Web site http www keysight com main software jspx ckey sw287 lc eng cc MY nid 536902449 928965 id sw287 2 Execute the file name setup exe to install the V3500A sof...

Page 48: ...uide 3 Driver Installation and Commands 3 If the Microsoft Net Framework is not installed on your PC the setup file will prompt you to install it Click Install and follow the instructions as shown in the following images ...

Page 49: ...Driver Installation and Commands 3 V3500A User s Guide 29 ...

Page 50: ...le between the V3500A instrument and your PC Then connect the V3500A instrument to the required AC power and turn the instrument on 5 Your PC will automatically detect the connected instrument and the Welcome to the InstallShield Wizard for Agilent V3500A Driver window will appear ...

Page 51: ...n connected to the USB port of the PC Turn the instrument on manually if it is not powered on If the Welcome to the InstallShield Wizard for Agilent V3500A Driver window does not appear cycle the power of the V3500A For Windows 7 the PC will not be able to automatically detect the connected instrument Refer to Installing USB driver Windows 7 on page 34 for more information on installing the driver...

Page 52: ...32 V3500A User s Guide 3 Driver Installation and Commands ...

Page 53: ...Driver Installation and Commands 3 V3500A User s Guide 33 ...

Page 54: ...ted instrument go to Run search from the Windows Start menu and type devmgmt msc Click OK 2 The Device Manager window will appear Select Other devices and right click 3500 Power Meter as shown below NOTE The V3500A must be connected to the PC via USB before the driver can be seen under Other devices in the Device Manager window ...

Page 55: ... User s Guide 35 3 Click Update Driver Software and the Update Driver Software window will appear 4 Click Browse my computer for driver software to locate the V3500A USB driver folder Select the folder Agilent V3500A Driver and then click Next ...

Page 56: ...iver Installation and Commands 5 A Windows Security warning message will appear Click Install this driver software anyway to proceed with the installation 6 When the installation has completed click Close to exit the installation ...

Page 57: ...V3500A User s Guide 37 7 You should see the following callout that the installation is successful 8 Go to the Device Manager window Select Other devices and right click USB Serial Port Repeat step 3 to step 6 for the driver installation ...

Page 58: ... Scroll down to Ports COM LPT and Universal Serial Bus controllers to confirm the drivers are installed and present Virtual COM port driver in this case it occupies COM6 NOTE If you are using multiple Keysight instruments you may wish to unplug all but one to ascertain the COM port number used by a particular instrument You may also differentiate similar instruments by right clicking on the device...

Page 59: ... Guide 39 3 Launch Agilent Connection Expert by clicking the IO icon on your desktop toolbar Click Refresh All to refresh the list of connected instruments Right click COM6 and click Add Instrument 4 Select Auto identify this instrument and click OK ...

Page 60: ...iver Installation and Commands 5 Once the V3500A has been added right click and select Send Commands To This Instrument 6 Type the command pwr and click Send Read to confirm that the V3500A is properly connected and ready to use ...

Page 61: ... to Start Run on the Windows Start menu and type devmgmt msc Click OK 2 To uninstall the USB driver for the virtual COM port scroll down to Ports COM LPT and find the device for your instrument 3 Right click on the device and select Uninstall 4 The Confirm Device Removal window will appear Click OK to remove the driver ...

Page 62: ...In order for your program to be able to communicate with the programming driver it must be able to find the appropriate DLL The method used to find the appropriate DLL is dependent on the software used to create your programs Refer to the relevant sections below for further information When using Microsoft Visual Studio NET When using Microsoft Visual Studio 6 0 When using Microsoft Visual Studio ...

Page 63: ...A dll is stored 6 Double click the KeysightV3500A dll component 7 Click on OK in the Add Reference window KeysightV3500A should now appear under References in the Solution Explorer window NOTE An alternative method would be to place a local copy of the KeysightV3500A dll in your project directory and add a reference to this copy If this alternative method is used and an updated driver for the V350...

Page 64: ...eferences dialog box will open 2 Use Browse to locate the installation directory 3 Select KeysightV3500A tlb 4 Click Open 5 Verify that the V3500A driver has been added is checked 6 Click OK NOTE In Microsoft Visual Studio 6 0 the KeysightV3500A tlb file must referenced in its install location a reference to a local copy placed in your project directory cannot be used NOTE The default setup places...

Page 65: ...re the program contains the following line no other special steps are required to add the reference import C Program Files Keysight Keysight V3500A Driver KeysightV3500A tlb no_namespace named_guids NOTE The above line is correct for an installation in the default directory If installed in a different directory modify the statement accordingly ...

Page 66: ...al number of your instrument using one of the following methods 1 Find the serial number on the back label of the V3500A Look for an integer number in the range of 1 to 99 999 999 2 Press MENU to enter menu mode and scroll using the down menu arrow until Serial Num menu is displayed The number shown is the serial number of your instrument 3 Retrieved from the firmware using the SerialNumber driver...

Page 67: ...er for the V3500A is not complicated a few commands are necessary to initiate a connection and read and write from the instrument Device programming is accomplished by sending and receiving strings over the USB This programming model is very similar to GPIB programming Bus connections You need to install the required drivers See Driver Installation on page 27 before using the V3500A remotely Then ...

Page 68: ...e serial number in the software The numerical serial number of the V3500A will be used as the instrument unique address for communication and can be found underneath the barcode on the back panel of the V3500A or displayed using the menu button see How to navigate the menu system on page 13 2 Initialize the V3500A NOTE Refer to Basic V3500A commands on page 55 for more information ...

Page 69: ...rty used to control which specific V3500A instrument is accessed SerialNumber is a 32 bit signed integer 1 to 99 999 999 Usage C NET int SN 10973300 myPM SerialNumber SN Visual Basic NET Dim SN As Integer SN 10973300 myPM SerialNumber SN Visual C NET int SN 10973300 myPM SerialNumber SN Visual Basic 6 0 Dim SN As Long SN 10973300 myPM SerialNumber SN Visual C 6 0 int SN 10973300 myPM SerialNumber ...

Page 70: ...rAvailable myPM IsDeviceAvailable SN Visual Basic 6 0 Dim SN As Long SN 10973300 Dim MeterAvailable As Integer MeterAvailable myPM IsDeviceAvailable SN Visual C 6 0 int SN 10973300 int MeterAvailable myPM IsDeviceAvailable SN Parameters myPM refers to the created V3500A object SN is the serial number 32 bit signed integer of the V3500A being checked MeterAvailable is the integer variable created c...

Page 71: ...roperty must be set prior to executing Usage C NET myPM SerialNumber 10973300 myPM Initialize Visual Basic NET myPM SerialNumber 10973300 myPM Initialize Visual C NET myPM SerialNumber 10973300 myPM Initialize Visual Basic 6 0 myPM SerialNumber 10973300 myPM Initialize Visual C 6 0 myPM SerialNumber 10973300 myPM Initialize Parameters myPM refers to the created V3500A object ...

Page 72: ...the V3500A is accomplished using this command Usage C NET string Reply myPM SendString RST n Visual Basic NET Dim Reply As String Reply myPM SendString RST vbLf Visual C NET String Reply Reply myPM SendString RST n Visual Basic 6 0 Dim Reply As String Reply myPM SendString RST vbCrLf Visual C 6 0 BSTR Reply Reply myPM SendString RST n Parameters myPM refers to the created V3500A object ...

Page 73: ...nects the program connection to the V3500A After the connection is disconnected the V3500A is available for use with other programs Usage C NET myPM Close Visual Basic NET myPM Close Visual C NET myPM Close Visual Basic 6 0 myPM Close Visual C 6 0 myPM Close Parameters myPM refers to the created V3500A object ...

Page 74: ...Devices Visual C NET String List List myPM FindUninitializedDevices Visual Basic 6 0 Dim List As String List myPM FindUninitializedDevices Visual C 6 0 BSTR List List myPM FindUninitializedDevices Parameters myPM refers to the created V3500A object List is the string variable containing the returned serial number s 1 The statement uninitialized V3500A refers to power meters which are connected to ...

Page 75: ...s interrupted and a new one is started The measurement from the new cycle is returned Command Name Non triggered power read Description This command returns the present reading of the V3500A Syntax PWR LF Response Value Comments This is a non triggered measurement If the input power has changed during the present measurement cycle the measured power may be unpredictable Command Name Zero command D...

Page 76: ...OK Comments The instrument of measurement is Megahertz MHz Command Name Set averaging factor Description This command sets how many averages are taken before returning a power measurement Syntax SETAVG Value LF Response OK Comments The valid range of Value is 0 through 5 see Table 3 1 Table 3 1 SETAVG command values Value Number of averages taken 0 1 1 1 Equivalent to averaging disabled 1 2 2 4 3 ...

Page 77: ...n Value 0 sending SETAVG 0 the number of measurements is set to 1 and is equivalent to averaging disabled Command Name Get averaging factor Description This command reads and returns the averaging factor which is equal to log2 number of measurements per average Syntax AVG LF Response Value Comments A value of 0 is equivalent to having averaging turned off Command Name Set normal speed mode Descrip...

Page 78: ...rement speed is much faster Command Name dBm mode Description This command sets the V3500A to dBm mode Syntax UDBM LF Response OK Comments Send this command to express the remote and front panel measurements in dBm Command Name watts mode Description This command sets the V3500A to watts mode Syntax UMW LF Response OK Comments Send this command to express remote measurements in units of watts rega...

Page 79: ...e set relative offset value Syntax RELVAL LF Command Name Turn relative offset on Description This command sets the relative offset to ON Syntax RELON LF Command Name Turn relative offset off Description This command sets the relative offset to OFF Syntax RELOFF LF Command Name Check status of the relative offset Description This command checks the status of the relative offset If it is ON a 1 is ...

Page 80: ...timer The timer is controllable from the front panel using the menu button see How to navigate the menu system on page 13 Command Name Backlight off Description This command turns off the LCD display and keyboard backlight Syntax BLOFF LF Response OK Command Name Get serial number Description This command returns the numeric serial number of the instrument Syntax SN LF Response Value Command Name ...

Page 81: ...l Studio NET The following examples are console applications Follow the steps below to run in Microsoft Visual Studio NET 1 Create a new NET console application project 2 Delete the contents of the source file 3 Copy the desired applicable example code into the source code file Example code using Microsoft C NET on page 62 Example code using Microsoft Visual Basic NET on page 65 Example code using...

Page 82: ...0A_NS KeysightV3500A myPM new KeysightV3500A_NS KeysightV3500A Set the serial number and check that the meter is available int SN 10973300 Set this to the numerical serial number of your V3500A without prefix int MeterAvailable myPM IsDeviceAvailable SN A return value of 1 means the V3500A is available A value of 1 means it is absent and a value of 0 means it is unavailable for example it may be i...

Page 83: ...iteLine V3500A initialized Now we can communicate with the V3500A Configure the V3500A for a measurement try Reply myPM SendString RST n Reset the power meter CheckForOK Reply Reply myPM SendString FREQ1000 n Set the frequency to 1000 MHz CheckForOK Reply If an error occurred catch Exception e2 Console WriteLine Error communicating with PowerMeter e2 Message return Console WriteLine V3500A configu...

Page 84: ...e Reply If an error occurred catch Exception e3 Console WriteLine Error reading power from the PowerMeter e3 Message return Console WriteLine Measured power was 0 F2 dBm MeasuredPower static void CheckForOK string Message if Message Equals OK return else Console WriteLine Expected an OK from the V3500A received Message ...

Page 85: ...A_NS KeysightV3500A myPM New KeysightV3500A_NS Keysight3500A Set the serial number and check that the meter is available SN 10973300 Set this to the numerical serial number of your V3500A without prefix MeterAvailable myPM IsDeviceAvailable SN A return value of 1 means the PowerMeter is available A value of 1 means it is absent and a value of 0 means it is unavailable for example it may be in use ...

Page 86: ...a measurement Try Reply myPM SendString RST vbLf Reset the PowerMeter CheckForOK Reply Reply myPM SendString FREQ1000 vbLf Set the frequency to 1000 MHz CheckForOK Reply If an error occurred Catch e2 As Exception Console WriteLine Error sending to V3500A e2 Message Exit Sub End Try Console WriteLine V3500A configured Take a reading Try Reply myPM SendString TRG vbLf Trigger a power measurement Mea...

Page 87: ...d power was MeasuredPower ToString Now that we re done close the V3500A making available for other users myPM Close End Sub Private Sub CheckForOK ByVal Message As String If Message Equals OK Then Exit Sub End If Console WriteLine Expected an OK from the V3500A received Message End Sub End Module ...

Page 88: ...bject KeysightV3500A_NS KeysightV3500A myPM new KeysightV3500A Set the serial number and check that the meter is available int SN 10973300 Set this to the numerical serial number of your V3500A without prefix int MeterAvailable myPM IsDeviceAvailable SN A return value of 1 means the V3500A is available A value of 1 means it is absent and a value of 0 means it is unavailable for example it may be i...

Page 89: ... initialized Now we can communicate with the V3500A Configure the V3500A for a measurement try Reply myPM SendString RST n Reset the power meter CheckForOK Reply Reply myPM SendString FREQ1000 n Set the frequency to 1000 MHz CheckForOK Reply If an error occurred catch Exception e2 Console Write S Error communicating with PowerMeter Console WriteLine e2 Message return 0 Console WriteLine S V3500A c...

Page 90: ...error occurred catch Exception e3 Console Write S Error reading power from the PowerMeter Console WriteLine e3 Message return 0 Console WriteLine S Measured power was 0 F2 dBm __box MeasuredPower return 1 void CheckForOK String Message if Message Equals OK return else Console Write S Expected an OK from the V3500A received Console WriteLine Message ...

Page 91: ...n named btnExit A text box named txtMessages 5 Add a reference to the DLL refer to Adding a reference Visual Basic 6 0 on page 44 Example code using Microsoft Visual Basic 6 0 This sample program shows how to program the V3500A using Microsoft Visual Basic 6 0 Dim myPM As New KeysightV3500A KeysightV3500A Dim Message As String Private Sub btnExit_Click myPM Close End End Sub Private Sub btnReadPow...

Page 92: ...d power Reply dBm vbCrLf txtMessages Text Message Exit Sub Err_Failed_Setup Message Message Error configuring V3500A for measurement Err Description vbCrLf txtMessages Text Message Exit Sub Err_Failed_Read Message Message Error reading power from V3500A Err Description vbCrLf txtMessages Text Message Exit Sub Err_Failed_Send MsgBox Error during send Err Description End Sub Private Sub CheckForOK B...

Page 93: ...k that the meter is available SN 10973300 Set this to the numerical serial number of your V3500A without prefix MeterAvailable myPM IsDeviceAvailable SN A return value of 1 means the V3500A is available A value of 1 means it is absent and a value of 0 means it is unavailable for example it may be in use by another program If MeterAvailable 1 Then Message Message PowerMeter is not available status ...

Page 94: ...LL_Not_Registered Check to see if error 429 occurs If Err Number 429 Then Message Message Failed To Register V3500A DLL vbCrLf Else Message Message Error creating V3500A object Err Description vbCrLf End If txtMessages Text Message Exit Sub Err_Failed_Initialize Message Message Error initializing V3500A Err Description vbCrLf txtMessages Text Message Exit Sub End Sub ...

Page 95: ...oft Visual C 6 0 include stdafx h include atlbase h include atlconv h include iostream h include windows h include stdio h pragma warning disable 4278 import C Program Files Keysight Keysight V3500A Driver KeysightV3500A tlb no_namespace named_guids void dump_com_error _com_error e void CheckForOK BSTR Message NOTE Although Visual C 6 0 does not need any special steps to reference the DLL make sur...

Page 96: ... of the V3500A driver HRESULT hr CoCreateInstance CLSID_KeysightV3500A NULL CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER IID_PMInterface reinterpret_cast void myPM if FAILED hr printf Couldn t create an instance of the V3500A driver 0x x n hr return 0 Set the serial number and check that the meter is available SN 10973300 Set this to the numerical serial number of your V3500A without prefix try MeterAvailable myPM IsDevi...

Page 97: ...t may be in use by another program if MeterAvailable 1 cout V3500A PowerMeter is not available status MeterAvailable endl return 0 cout V3500A serial number SN is available endl myPM SerialNumber SN Initialize the V3500A try myPM Initialize This catches errors with COM catch _com_error e cout COM error initializing V3500A endl dump_com_error e This catches all other errors catch cout Error initial...

Page 98: ...SendString FREQ1000 n Set the frequency to 1000 MHz CheckForOK Reply This catches errors with COM catch _com_error e cout COM error while programming V3500A endl dump_com_error e This catches all other errors catch cout Error programming V3500A endl cout V3500A configured for power measurement endl Take a reading try Reply myPM SendString TRG n cout Measured power W2A Reply endl catch _com_error e...

Page 99: ...dump_com_error _com_error e _tprintf _T COM Error Information n _tprintf _T Code 08lx n e Error _tprintf _T Code meaning s n e ErrorMessage _bstr_t bstrSource e Source _bstr_t bstrDescription e Description _tprintf _T Source s n LPCTSTR bstrSource _tprintf _T Description s n LPCTSTR bstrDescription void CheckForOK BSTR Message USES_CONVERSION Enables use of ATL string conversion macros char Expect...

Page 100: ...80 V3500A User s Guide 3 Driver Installation and Commands int Result strcmp ActualReturn ExpectedReturn if Result cout Expected an OK from the V3500A received W2A Message endl ...

Page 101: ...84 Watts 84 Decibels 84 RF power measurement 85 Low frequency method 85 High frequency method 85 Power of various types of signals 87 Continuous wave signals 87 Modulated signals 87 Pulse modulated signals 88 Measurement accuracy 89 This chapter describes the RF measurement basics of the V3500A Handheld RF Power Meter ...

Page 102: ... with time Although the power of an AC waveform delivered at a specific time can still be defined using the above formula this does not adequately describe the AC waveform power delivered to a load Power of an AC waveform delivered to an electrical load is equal to the mean power delivered over the course of one cycle of the sinusoidal waveform defined by where T is the period of the AC waveform E...

Page 103: ...RF Measurement Basics 4 V3500A User s Guide 83 V0 Vpeak 2 ...

Page 104: ... abbreviated dB are a logarithmic scale used to express power Decibels are inherently a ratio measurement providing the relative magnitude of two different numbers For power measurements the difference between two signals in decibels is where P1 and P0 are the two power levels to be compared Absolute measurement can be made on the decibel scale by using a standard power level in place of P0 If P0 ...

Page 105: ...uency power measurement High frequency method At high frequencies the low frequency measurement technique produces inaccurate readings To produce reliable results a different method is required Inaccurate readings could be caused by parasitic capacitance in low frequency method Parasitic capacitance causes the impedance of the shunt voltmeter to decrease thereby behaving unpredictably with frequen...

Page 106: ...circuits and systems are usually designed to work with a standard impedance value called the characteristic impedance refer to Z0 in Figure 4 2 Typical signal sources are designed to work with a load of the same impedance Z0 Generally the Z0 value for RF circuits is 50 Ω or 75 Ω with 50 Ω being the most common The internal load resistance of the power meter is designed to equal Z0 Signal source RF...

Page 107: ... power meter A peak power meter measures the power of the signal very rapidly faster than the rate at which the modulation changes The results can then be displayed in a graph of power versus time similar to an oscilloscope display This approach has the advantage of displaying a great deal of information One disadvantage is that the results can be difficult to interpret especially for the complex ...

Page 108: ... be calculated from the average power Pulse modulated signals As an example consider the pulse modulated signal shown in Figure 4 3 Figure 4 3 Example of pulse modulated signals T1 is the pulse width of the signal the time duration of the pulsed signal on state T2 is the period of the waveform how often the pulses occur T1 T2 ...

Page 109: ...y factors affecting power measurement accuracy The goal is to measure the power that a source will deliver into a load of impedance Z0 The power meter is designed to have an impedance as close as possible to Z0 Since its impedance is not exactly Z0 the power delivered to the meter is not exactly equal to the power delivered to a perfect load Deriving the equations to calculate the mismatch error i...

Page 110: ...n coefficient of a device Γg is a measure of its impedance relative to Z0 Z0 is the characteristic impedance of the system The reflection coefficient of the source Γg is defined as Similarly the reflection coefficient Γl of the load is defined as Vg Zg Zl Signal source Load Γg Zg Z0 Zg Z0 Γl Zl Z0 Zl Z0 ...

Page 111: ... source will deliver one watt to a load of impedance Z0 The power delivered to the actual load is then defined by Into a perfect load of impedance Z0 the power delivered to the load is The mismatch error in the power measurement then is the ratio between Pload Z0 and the power delivered to the actual load presented by the power meter is defined by Vg Zg Z0 Z0 Z0 Pload 1 Γl 1 ΓgΓl 2 2 Pload Z0 1 Pl...

Page 112: ...magnitude and phase of the source and load reflection coefficients Frequently the magnitude of the reflection coefficient is known or specified but the phase is unknown The error term will reach its maximum value when both reflection coefficients are real and 180 out of phase This maximum error ratio is described by the equation The error term will reach its minimum when both reflection coefficien...

Page 113: ...F Power Meter User s Guide 5 Characteristics and Specifications Product Characteristics 94 Product Specifications 96 This chapter describes the instrument characteristics and specifications of the V3500A Handheld RF Power Meter ...

Page 114: ...ith a mini B USB connector 4 Type N male RF connector 50 Ω characteristic impedance OPERATING ENVIRONMENT 0 C to 50 C 80 RH for temperature up to 35 C non condensing Altitude up to 2000 meters STORAGE COMPLIANCE 10 C to 70 C Non operating maximum humidity 90 at 65 C non condensing EMC COMPLIANCE Certified with IEC 61326 2 1 2005 EN 61326 2 1 2006 Canada ICES 001 2004 Australia New Zealand AS NZS C...

Page 115: ...rs 2 With the USB cable connected toprovide power and the optional external power disconnected the external power supply V3500A PWR will be powered from the USB cable regardless of wheth er batteries are present 3 If the V3500A PWR power supply is connected it will be powered by the external supply regardless of whether the USB power or batteries are present 4 The interface is USB 2 0 compatible w...

Page 116: ...requency range 10 MHz to 3 75 GHz 3 75 GHz to 6 GHz Frequency range 10 MHz to 3 75 GHz 3 75 GHz to 6 GHz Frequency range 10 MHz to 3 75 GHz 3 75 GHz to 6 GHz Frequency range 10 MHz to 3 75 GHz 3 75 GHz to 6 GHz At 23 C 5 C 1 20 dBm to 6 dBm 0 23 dB 0 20 dB 6 dBm to 9 dBm 0 26 dB 0 40 dB 9 dBm to 29 dBm 0 18 dB 0 19 dB 29 dBm to 39 dBm 0 22 dB 0 25 dB 39 dBm to 50 dBm 0 36 dB 0 39 dB 50 dBm to 55 d...

Page 117: ...gs per second 30 dBm approximately 1 Customer spec after warm up time of 30 minutes where X is mean of the data taken in the frequency range stated x f δ isstandard deviation of the data taken in the frequency range stated x f x is measured value at test frequencies f is frequency range over which data was taken for specification µ is measurement uncertainty ΔΕ is change associated temperature var...

Page 118: ...cs and Specifications SWR The SWR performance graph is shown in Figure 5 1 Figure 5 1 Typical SWR performance Table 5 1 SWR performance for different frequency band Frequency band SWR 0 C 50 C 10 MHz to 3 75 GHz 3 75 GHz to 6 GHz 1 13 1 22 ...

Page 119: ...ions 10 E error ratio maximum 92 minimum 92 examples 15 59 F features 3 frequency range 96 H high frequency method 85 high speed 97 mode 19 I inspection 3 instrument state recalling 20 saving 20 K keypad 11 L low frequency method 85 M measurement 84 accuracy 89 speed 19 57 unit 14 menu map 13 mismatch error 89 O offset 11 23 operation front panel 17 P power connector 8 definition 82 limitations 6 ...

Page 120: ...Guide Index setting 16 backlight auto shutoff interval 22 input frequency 18 instrument 5 measurement speed 19 units 21 signals 87 specifications 96 SWR 98 U units 14 21 USB 7 27 34 47 48 94 W watts 21 84 Z zeroing 11 18 ...

Page 121: ...urope tel 31 20 547 2111 Japan tel 81 426 56 7832 fax 81 426 56 7840 Korea tel 080 769 0800 fax 080 769 0900 Latin America tel 305 269 7500 Taiwan tel 0800 047 866 fax 0800 286 331 Other Asia Pacific Countries tel 65 6375 8100 fax 65 6755 0042 Or visit Keysight World Wide Web at www keysight com find assist Product specifications and descriptions in this document are subject to change without noti...

Page 122: ...This information is subject to change without notice Keysight Technologies 2010 2014 Edition 7 December 12 2014 V3500 90001 V3500 90001 www keysight com ...

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